Scheme of Evaluation
KIIT Deemed to be University
Online End Semester Examination(Autumn Semester-2020)
Subject Name & Code: IOT(IT-3007) Regular
Applicable to Courses: B.Tech(IT, CSSE) Full Marks=50
Time:2 Hours
SECTION-A(Answer All Questions. Each question carries 2 Marks)
Time:30 Minutes (7×2=14 Marks)
Question No Question Type Question CO Answer Key
(MCQ/SAT) Mapping
(For MCQ
Questions only)
Q.No:1 (MCQ Which one out of these is not a d. HTTP
data link layer technology
a. Bluetooth
b. UART
c. WiFi
d. HTTP
(MCQ Which one out of these is not b. WiFi
LPWAN technologies:
a. SigFox
b. WiFi
c. NB-IoT
d. LoRa
(MCQ Which of the following a. Python
language is preferred for IoT
analytics ?
a. Python
b. S
c. R
d. All of the mentioned
(MCQ The method by which b. Data mining
companies analyze customer
data or other types of
information in an effort to
identify patterns and discover
relationships between different
data elements is often referred
to as:
a. Customer data management
b. Data mining
c. Data digging
d. None of the above
Q.No:2 (MCQ MQTT is better than HTTP for a) True
sending and receiving data.
a) True
b) False
(MCQ MQTT stands for d) MQ Telemetry
_____________ Transport
a) MQ Telemetry Things
b) MQ Transport Telemetry
c) MQ Transport Things
d) MQ Telemetry Transport
MCQ Which protocol is lightweight? a) MQTT
a) MQTT
b) HTTP
c) CoAP
d) SPI
(MCQ _________ allows us to control a) RETful API
electronic components
a) WebSocket API
b) RESTful API
c) HTTP
d) MQTT
Q.No:3 (MCQ
Which of the following is not a C - DATE
valid HTTP methods used in
RESTful web services?
A - OPTIONS
B - DELETE
C - DATE
D - POST
(MCQ
A RESTful web service B - true
usually defines a URI,
Uniform Resource Identifier a
service, provides resource
representation such as JSON
and set of HTTP Methods.
A - false
B - true
(MCQ
Which of the following is a C - Both of the
best practice for designing a above.
secure RESTful web service?
A - No sensitive data in URL
- Never use username,
password or session token in
URL , these values should be
passed to Web Service via
POST method.
B - Restriction on Method
execution - Allow restricted
use of methods like GET,
POST, DELETE. GET method
should not be able to delete
data.
C - Both of the above.
D - None of the above.
(MCQ HTTP resources are located by d. uniform
a. unique resource locator resource identifier
b. unique resource identifier
c. none of the mentioned
d. uniform resource identifier
Q.No:4 (MCQ Which is the software or a d) Any Language
programming language used for
controlling of Arduino?
a) Assembly Language
b) C Languages
c) JAVA
d) Any Language
(MCQ Do Arduino provides IDE a) True
Environment?
a) True
b) False
(MCQ Does Raspberry Pi need b) False
external hardware?
a) True
b) False
(MCQ How many USB ports are c) 4
present in Raspberry Pi 3?
a) 5
b) 2
c) 4
d) 3
Q.No:5 (MCQ Raspbian is: d. OS
a. Assembler
b. Language
c. Compiler
d. OS
(MCQ MQTT is: b. Based on
a. Based on client-server publish-subscribe
architecture architecture
b. Based on publish-subscribe
architecture
c. Based on both of the above
d. Based on none of the above
(MCQ What is the access point (AP) in d. device that
wireless LAN? allows wireless
a. none of the mentioned devices to connect
b. wireless devices itself to a wired network
c. both (a) and (b)
d. device that allows wireless
devices to connect to a wired
network
(MCQ IEEE 802.15.4 e is a B) datalink
_________________ layer
protocol *
A)application
B) datalink
C) physical
D) session
Q.No:6 (MCQ According to analysts, for what A. Big data
can traditional IT systems management and
provide a foundation when data mining
they’re integrated with big data
technologies like Hadoop?
A. Big data management and data
mining
B. Data warehousing and business
intelligence
C. Management of Hadoop
clusters
D. Collecting and storing
unstructured data
(MCQ __________ has the world’s C. Facebook
largest Hadoop cluster.
A. Apple
B. Datamatics
C. Facebook
D. None of the mentioned
(MCQ What are the five V’s of Big D. All the above
Data?
A. Volume
B. Velocity
C. Variety
D. All the above
(MCQ Hadoop is a framework that a) MapReduce,
works with a variety of related Hive and HBase
tools. Common cohorts include
____________
a) MapReduce, Hive and HBase
b) MapReduce, MySQL and
Google Apps
c) MapReduce, Hummer and
Iguana
d) MapReduce, Heron and
Trumpet
Q.No:7 (MCQ In this type of cloud, the cloud d) Hybrid
is composed of multiple internal
or external cloud.
a) Private
b) Public
c) Protected
d) Hybrid
(MCQ ________________ is a c) Cloud
paradigm of distributed Computing
computing to provide the
customers on-demand, utility
based computing service.
a) Remote Sensing
b)Remote Invocation
c)Cloud Computing
d)Private Computing
(MCQ Which of the following is not a c) Protected
type of cloud?
a) Private
b) Public
c) Protected
d) Hybrid
(MCQ These cloud services are of the d) Cloud users
form of utility computing i.e.
the _________ uses these
services pay-as-you-go model.
a) Cloud providers
b) Clients
c) End users
d) Cloud users
8 . Question 1 :What are the technology areas behind IoT’s? [12]
Ans : The technology areas behind IoT are:
Wireless Sensor Network: [2.5]
It is a network formed by large no. of sensor nodes to detect light heat , pressure etc. i.e. used to
monitor environmental and physical conditions.Each node can have several sensors attached to
it.Each node can also acts as a routers.Coordinator collects data from all nodes Coordinator acts as
gateway that connects WSN to the internet.
Cloud Computing :
[2.5]
Deliver applications and services over internet Provides computing, networking and storage resources
on demand Cloud Computing is a way of making use of virtual computer world wide using the same
personalized experience.
Types of Cloud computing services
IaaS(Infrastructure as a Service),
PaaS(Platform as a Service and
SaaS(Software as a Services)
Big Data Analytics : [2.5]
Collection of data whose volume, velocity or variety is too large and difficult to store, manage,
process and analyze the data using traditional databases.
Big data Analytics involves
Data cleansing
Data munging (Data Wrangling)
Data Processing and Data Visualization
Communication Protocols : [2.5]
Backbone of IOT system. Allows devices to exchange data over networks.Define data exchange
formats.Data encoding.Addressing Schemes.Routing of packets from sources to destination
Other Functions are Sequence control(ordering data packets) ,Flow control(controlling transfer rate)
,Retransmission of lost packets
Embedded Systems: [2]
A microcontroller-based, software-driven, reliable, real- time control system, designed to perform a
specific task.It can be thought of as a computer hardware system having software embedded in it.An
embedded system can be either an independent system or a part of a large system.
Question 2 :What are some innovative applications which a smart city can deploy?[12]
Classification based on following domain:
- Natural resources and energy(smart grid, lighting, renewable energy, waste management, water management,..)
[2]
-Transport and mobility(city logistics, smart trafficking,,) [2]
-Smart building(facilities service, house quality, construction service..) [2]
-Daily life(entertainment, hospitality, pollution control..) [2]
-Government(e-governance, transparency) [2]
-Economy & society(innovation, digital education, cultural heritage management) [2]
Question 3: Briefly explain the pins of Raspberry PI with the help of a diagram[12]
Net Diagram [2 ]
Describe about 40 pins(if you want you may classify on some basis and discuss(like power pin, digital
pin, analogy pin..etc)) [10]
Question 9:
1st question: Specify functions of CoAP, RESTful HTTP, MQTT, AMTP,DDS in IoT applications.
Ans: CoAP: [2.5]
The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is another session layer protocol designed by IETF
Constrained RESTful Environment (Core) working group to provide lightweight RESTful (HTTP)
interface. Representational State Transfer (REST) is the standard interface between HTTP client and
servers. However, for lightweight applications such as IoT, REST could result in significant overhead
and power consumption. CoAP is designed to enable low-power sensors to use RESTful services
while meeting their power constrains. It is built over UDP, instead of TCP commonly used in HTTP
and has a light mechanism to provide reliability. CoAP architecture is divided into two main
sublayers: messaging and request/response. The messaging sublayer is responsible for reliability and
duplication of messages while the request/response sublayer is responsible for communication.
RESTful HTTP :
[2.5]
The Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style is a set of guidelines and best
practices for building distributed hypermedia systems. At its core is a set of constraints,
which when fulfilled enable desirable properties for distributed software systems such as
scalability and modifiability. When REST principles are applied to the design of a system, the
result is often called RESTful and in particular an API following these principles is called a
RESTful API.
MQTT:
[2.5]
Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) was introduced by IBM in 1999 and
standardized by OASIS in 2013. It is designed to provide embedded connectivity between
applications and middleware’s on one side and networks and communications on the other
side. It follows a publish/subscribe architecture, where the system consists of three main
components: publishers, subscribers, and a broker. From IoT point of view, publishers are
basically the lightweight sensors that connect to the broker to send their data and go back to
sleep whenever possible. Subscribers are applications that are interested in a certain topic, or
sensory data, so they connect to brokers to be informed whenever new data are received. The
brokers classify sensory data in topics and send them to subscribers interested in the topics.
AMQP:
[2.5]
The Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) is another session layer protocol that was
designed for financial industry. It runs over TCP and provides a publish/ subscribe
architecture which is similar to that of MQTT. The difference is that the broker is divided into
two main components: exchange and queues. The exchange is responsible for receiving
publisher messages and distributing them to queues based on pre-defined roles and
conditions. Queues basically represent the topics and subscribed by subscribers which will
get the sensory data whenever they are available in the queue .
DDS: [2]
Data Distribution Service (DDS) is another publish/subscribe protocol that is designed by the
Object Management Group (OMG) for M2M communication. The basic benefit of this
protocol is the excellent quality of service levels and reliability guarantees as it relies on a
broker-less architecture, which suits IoT and M2M communication. It offers 23 quality-
ofservice levels which allow it to offer a variety of quality criteria including: security,
urgency, priority, durability, reliability, etc. It defines two sublayers: data-centric publish-
subscribe and data-local reconstruction sublayers. The first takes the responsibility of
message delivery to the subscribers while the second is optional and allows a simple
integration of DDS in the application layer. Publisher layer is responsible for sensory data
distribution.
2nd question: how does Internet of Things differ from Internet-Controlled devices?Explain with
an example. [12]
Ans: The concept of IoT and Connected Devices is similar in nature, but they are two very different
concepts. The term IoT, or the Internet of Things, was introduced by programmers at MIT in the
1990s. The main premise of IoT is to connect all electronic devices and gadgets over a common
medium, the internet. The IoT is a system of connected devices, gadgets, and computational devices,
with embedded systems that allow sharing of data over the internet.
Connected Devices are devices who have a primary purpose of communication. Connected devices
operate over a common network and exchange information. However, connected devices are very
much different from IoT devices. The only purpose if Connected Devices over a network is the
communication between them.
IoT devices are devices that are connected over the internet, and the main purpose of IoT-enabled
devices is continuous exchange of data, and making this data available to other IoT devices, thus
facilitating a continuous learning process.
3rd question: What are RFIDs? Bring out 4 differences between M2M and IoT.Mention the
various Data Link Layer Protocols with respect to IoT.
Ans:
RFID: [2]
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and
track tags attached to objects. An RFID tag consists of a tiny radio transponder; a radio receiver and
transmitter. When triggered by an electromagnetic interrogation pulse from a nearby RFID reader
device, the tag transmits digital data, usually an identifying inventory number, back to the reader. This
number can be used to track inventory goods.There are two types of RFID tags:Passive tags are
powered by energy from the RFID reader's interrogating radio waves and Active tags are powered by
a battery and thus can be read at a greater range from the RFID reader; up to hundreds of meters.
Differences between M2M and IoT. [4]
M2M IOT
It is Machine to Machine communication and It’s Machine to Machine, Machine to sensors, or
completely hardware based. Humans to Machines. And software based.
M2M is a point to point communication and uses Its uses IP networks and protocols as the
non –IP protocols. communication is multipoint.
Limited integration option devices must have Unlimited integration option, but requires a
corresponding communication standards solutions that can manage all the communication
These devices don’t rely on internet. Devices required internet connections.
Data Link Layer Protocols with respect to IoT: [6]
Link Layer (description of each protocols)
802.3 – Ethernet
802.11 – WiFi
802.16 – WiMax
802.15.4 – LR-WPAN(Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network)
2G/3G/4G
Question 10:
1st question: Explain the various services and deployment models of cloud computing. [12]
There are the following three types of cloud service models:
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
IaaS Paas SaaS
It provides a virtual data center to It provides virtual platforms and It provides web software and
store information and create platforms tools to create, test, and deploy apps to complete business tasks.
for app development, testing, and apps.
deployment.
It provides access to resources such as It provides runtime environments It provides software as a service
virtual machines, virtual storage, etc. and deployment tools for to the end-users.
applications.
It is used by network architects. It is used by developers. It is used by end users.
IaaS provides only Infrastructure. PaaS provides SaaS provides
Infrastructure+Platform. Infrastructure+Platform
+Software.
Parameter Public Cloud Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud Community Cloud
Host Service Enterprise (Third Enterprise (Third Community (Third
provider party) party) party)
Users General public Selected users Selected users Community members
Access Internet Internet, VPN Internet, VPN Internet, VPN
Owner Service Enterprise Enterprise Community
provider
2nd question: What do you mean by Data analytics for IoT? Explain in brief about Map Reduce
and HDFS with the help of a diagram(architecture diagram of HADOOP). Also mention two
difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analytics.
Ans:
Data analysis is a process of : inspecting, cleansing, transforming and modeling data with the
goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions and supporting decision-
making.
MapReduce algorithms help organizations to process vast amounts of data, parallelly stored
in the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). It reduces the processing time and supports
faster processing of data. This is because all the nodes are working with their part of the data,
in parallel.
3rd question: Bring out the difference between Rest and Web socket API with the help of a real
time example.
Ans: [12]
In IoT, there are 2 communication APIs –
REST Based Communication APIs
Web Socket Based Communication APIs
Web service can either be implemented using REST principles or using Web Socket Protocol –
1. REST Based Communication API :
REpresentational State Transfer (REST) is a set of architectural principles by which you can design web
services and web APIs that focus on a system’s resources and how resource states are addressed and
transferred. REST APIs follow the request-response communication model. The REST architectural
constraints apply to the components, connectors, and data elements, within a distributed hypermedia
system.
2. Web Socket Based Communication APIs :
Web Socket APIs allow bi-directional, full-duplex communication between clients and servers. It follows
the exclusive pair communication model. This Communication API does not require a new connection to
be set up for each message to be sent between clients and servers. Once the connection is set up the
messages can be sent and received continuously without any interruption. WebSocket APIs are suitable
for IoT Applications with low latency or high throughput requirements.
Difference between Rest API and Web Socket API :
REST API WEB SOCKET API
It is Stateless protocol. It will not store the It is Stateful protocol. It will store the data.
data.
It is Uni-directional. Only either server or It is Bi-directional. Messages can be received
client will communicate. or sent by both server or client.
It is Request-response model. It is Full duplex model.
HTTP request contains headers like head It is suitable for real time applications. It does
section, title section. not have any overhead.
New TCP connection will be set up for Only Single TCP connection.
each HTTP request.
Both horizontal and vertical scaling (we Only vertical scaling (we can add resources
can add many resources and number of only vertically).
users both horizontally and vertically).
It depends upon the IP address and port It depends upon the HTTP methods to retrive
number to retrieve the data. the data.
It is slower than web socket regarding the web socket transmits messages very fastly
transmission of messages. than REST API.
It does not need memory or buffers to It requires memory and buffers to store the
store the data. data.
Question 11:
1st question: Briefly explain all the required steps in IoT Design.
Ans: Neat diagram [2]
Description of each steps [10]
Steps:
Purpose & Requirements Specification
Process Specification
Domain Model Specification
Information Model Specification
Service Specifications
IoT Level Specification
Functional View Specification
Operational View Specification
Device & Component Integration
Application Development
Description of each steps
The first step in IoT system design methodology is to define the purpose and requirements of the system. In this
step, the system purpose, behavior and requirements (such as data collection requirements, data analysis
requirements, system management requirements, data privacy and security requirements, user interface
requirements, ...) are captured.
The second step in the IoT design methodology is to define the process specification. In this step, the use cases of
the IoT system are formally described based on and derived from the purpose and requirement specifications.
The third step in the IoT design methodology is to define the Domain Model. The domain model describes the
main concepts, entities and objects in the domain of IoT system to be designed. Domain model defines the
attributes of the objects and relationships between objects. Domain model provides an abstract representation
of the concepts, objects and entities in the IoT domain, independent of any specific technology or platform. With
the domain model, the IoT system designers can get an understanding of the IoT domain for which the system is
to be designed.
The fourth step in the IoT design methodology is to define the Information Model. Information Model defines the
structure of all the information in the IoT system, for example, attributes of Virtual Entities, relations, etc.
Information model does not describe the specifics of how the information is represented or stored. To define the
information model, we first list the Virtual Entities defined in the Domain Model. Information model adds more
details to the Virtual Entities by defining their attributes and relations.
The fifth step in the IoT design methodology is to define the service specifications. Service specifications define
the services in the IoT system, service types, service inputs/output, service endpoints, service schedules, service
preconditions and service effects.
The sixth step in the IoT design methodology is to define the IoT level for the system. In Chapter-1, we defined
five IoT deployment levels.
The seventh step in the IoT design methodology is to define the Functional View. The Functional View (FV)
defines the functions of the IoT systems grouped into various Functional Groups (FGs). Each Functional Group
either provides functionalities for interacting with instances of concepts defined in the Domain Model or
provides information related to these concepts.
The eighth step in the IoT design methodology is to define the Operational View Specifications. In this step,
various options pertaining to the IoT system deployment and operation are defined, such as, service hosting
options, storage options, device options, application hosting options, etc
The ninth step in the IoT design methodology is the integration of the devices and components.
The final step in the IoT design methodology is to develop the IoT application.
2nd question: With the help of a block diagram explain Level 4 and Level 6 deployment
Templates.
Ans:
Level 4 : [6]
A level-4 IoT system has multiple nodes that perform local analysis. Data is stored in the cloud and
application is cloud-based.
It contains local and cloud- based observer nodes which can subscribe to and receive information
collected in the cloud from IoT devices.
It IoT systems are suitable for solutions where multiple nodes are required, the data involved is big
and the analysis requirements are computationally intensive.
Level 6: [6]
A level-6 IoT system has multiple independent end nodes that perform sensing and/or actuation and
send data to the cloud.Data is stored in the cloud and application is cloud-based.The analytics
component analyzes the data and stores the results in the cloud database.The results are visualized
with the cloud-based application.The centralized controller is aware of the status of all the end
nodes and sends control commands to the nodes.
3rd question: Explain weather monitoring system and smart parking based on various design
methodology.
Ans:
Smart Parking [6]
Weather Monitoring [6]
