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Nursing Notes and Community
Drug Name cefprozil (sef pro' zil) Cefzil Pregnancy Category B Drug classes y Antibiotic y Cephalospori n (second generation) Oral
Dosages
y Skin and soft tissue infections, Susceptible infections including upper and lower respiratory infections y Adult: 500 mg/day as a single dose or in 2 divided doses, increased to 500 mg bid if necessary. y Child: 20 mg/kg/day once or twice daily, up to a max dose of 500 mg once daily, if necessary, bid for otitis media.
Therapeutic Actions y Cefprozil inhibits cell wall synthesis and has activity against a broad range of grampositive and gram-negative bacteria. Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract. Bioavailability: 9095%. Distribution: 3545% bound to plasma proteins. Widely distributed in the body tissues. Excretion: Plasma half-life: 1-1.4 hr; prolonged in renal impairment. About 60% excreted unchanged in the urine.
Indications y Pharyngitis or tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes y Secondary bacterial infection of acute bronchitis and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis y Dermatologic infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyogenes y Otitis media caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis y Acute sinusitis caused by S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis
Adverse effects y Nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; hypersensitivity reactions; nephrotoxicity; convulsions; CNS toxicity; hepatic dysfunction; hematologic disorders; pain at Injection site (IM); thrombophlebiti s (IV infusion); superinfection with prolonged use. y Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembra nous colitis.
Contraindicatio ns Hypersensitivity
Nursing considerations Assessment y History: Penicillin or cephalosporin allergy, pregnancy or lactation, renal failure y Physical: Renal function tests, respiratory status, skin status, culture and sensitivity tests of infected area Interventions y Culture infection before drug therapy. y Give drug with food to decrease GI discomfort. y Refrigerate suspension after reconstitution, and discard after 14 days. y Discontinue if hypersensitivity reaction occurs. y Give the patient yogurt or buttermilk in case of diarrhea. y Arrange for oral vancomycin for serious colitis that fails to respond to discontinuation. Teaching points y Take this drug with food. y Complete the full course of this drug, even if you feel better. y This drug is prescribed for
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Nursing Notes and Community
this particular infection; do not use it to self-treat any other infection. y You may experience these side effects: Stomach upset, loss of appetite, nausea (take drug with food); diarrhea; headache, dizziness. y Report severe diarrhea with blood, pus, or mucus; rash or hives; difficulty breathing; unusual tiredness, fatigue; unusual bleeding or bruising.
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