VISIOMER® HEMA-P

Resin strength promoter for glass fiber composites

VISIOMER® HEMA-P products demonstrate improved VISIOMER® HEMA-P: AN OVERVIEW

adhesion to glass fibers (GF) and an increase of total resin
strength when combined with vinyl ester (VE) and unsatu- Figure 1: Structure of the active ingredient in
rated polyester (UP) resins. ­VISIOMER® HEMA-P
The total increase in resin strength of glass fiber laminates
due to inclusion of VISIOMER® HEMA-P was determined
by different mechanical tests: the interlaminar shear
strength test (ILSS), the tensile test and the compression
test. Performance was measured in resin load direction
using unidirectional (UD)-laminates:
2-Hydroxyethyl-Methacrylate-Phosphate (HEMA-P)
MECHANICAL TEST PERFORMANCE OF is a well-known adhesion promoter in applications like
VISIOMER® HEMA-P ­adhesives or coating resins, enabling superior adhesion
ADDITION
to polar surfaces like minerals, glass, and metals. Evonik
ILLS Up to 35% increase in strength
Operations GmbH offers this chemistry in two versions —
Tensile Test Up to 31% increase in strength ­VISIOMER® HEMA-P 70 M and VISIOMER® HEMA-P
Compression Test Up to 41% increase in strength 100 — for polymer design flexibility.

Table 1: Strength improvement in mechanical tests by VISIOMER® VISIOMER®

HEMA-P 70M HEMA-P 100
VISIOMER® HEMA-P
Supply In 30% MMA Pure, MMA-free

Viscosity 40-75 mPa•s 3000-7000 mPa•s

LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURAL COMPOSITES Phosphorous content 10.6% 15%

Higher performance composite parts are possible when

using VE/UP resin technology. Table 1 shows improve- Table 2: Comparison of VISIOMER® HEMA-P 70M and
ment of mechanical properties of glass fiber laminates VISIOMER® HEMA-P 100
caused by incorporation of VISIOMER® HEMA-P.

Higher ILSS prolongs the fatigue life of the composite

ADHESION PROMOTION
part. Increased durability of composite material may be
realized in ship or yacht body parts that can withstand VISIOMER® HEMA-P products can be used as functional
higher water impact. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce co-reactive diluent for VE or UP resins.
the overall amount of composite material. Wind turbine
In this study two different GF types (PPG Sizing Hybon
blades can become lighter without sacrificing service life.
2002 and Cam ELYAF Sizing WR6) were used to produce
four-layer UD glass fiber laminates by vacuum infusion.
VISIOMER® HEMA-P 100 was added as co-reactive
­diluent to a standard styrene containing unsaturated poly­
ester resin. Resin strength improvement in the glass fiber
laminates was determined by three different mechanical tests.

The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) was measured

using a three-point bending test to provide information
on the resin-fiber adhesion strength.

VISIOMER® HEMA-P can significantly improve the strength-to-weight-

ratio in glass-fiber reinforced VE/UP composites.

Evonik Operations GmbH | VISIOMER® Specialty Methacrylates | April 2022 | 1/3

 Figure 2 shows that the addition of VISIOMER® HEMA-P depends on the glass fiber type used. The maximum
100 (5-15wt%) significantly increases the ILSS up to 36% increase in resin failure is achieved by the addition of
independent of the fiber type used. 15wt% HEMA-P and the use of the Hybon fiber.

Figure 2: Increase in interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) Figure 4: Mechanical properties determined by
for VISIOMER® HEMA-P 100 containing UP resins ­compression testing (90° direction) for laminates
­prepared with a standard UP resin with and without
15wt% VISIOMER® HEMA-P 100
+36%
+36%
+18%
+22%
60

200 +41%
58,85

50
57,65

198
51,68

Stress max [MPa]

168
40 150
43,12

161
42,24
ILLS [MPa]

30
100

114
20 0% HEMA-P 100
5% HEMA-P 100 0% HEMA-P 100
50
10 15% HEMA-P 100 15% HEMA-P 100

0 0
PPG Hybon CAM ELYAF PPG Hybon CAM ELYAF

The ILSS results prove that VISIOMER® HEMA-P as Figure 4 provides the results of the compression testing
co-reactive diluent provides a superior fiber-to-resin of laminates containing VISIOMER® HEMA-P as strength
adhesion. promoter versus the standard UP resin without strength
promoter. The measurements confirm again the improve-
Additionally, the GF laminates were subjected to tensile
ment of mechanical properties using VISIOMER®
strength and compression tests to further evaluate
HEMA-P. The performance increase depends on the glass
mechanical properties in the presence of VISIOMER®
fiber type. The increase of compression strength in 90°
HEMA-P.
direction for PPG HYBON 2002 is up to 41%, where the
increase for CAM ELYAF WR6 is lower but still significant
Figure 3: Resin failure of tensile strength ­measurement at 18%.
(90° direction) for UP resin containing ­VISIOMER®
HEMA-P 100 In conclusion, incorporation of relatively low proportions
of VISIOMER® HEMA-P specialty methacrylate can
+17% ­significantly improve the total strength of glass fiber rein-
forced VE/UP composites. This improved mechanical
+17%
strength allows to produce components with reduced
35 +31% weight and identical performance — creating possibilities
for a sustainable world.
33,49
33,48

30
Resin Fallure [MPa]

25
28,78

28,67

20
VISIOMER® METHACRYLATES —
22,01

15
0% HEMA-P 100 READY FOR THE NEXT LEVEL
10 5% HEMA-P 100
5 15% HEMA-P 100 Evonik Specialty Methacrylates looks forward to support-
ing you in finding the best solution for your next challenge
0
PPG Hybon CAM ELYAF in polymer design. Contact us for further information on
our VISIOMER® HEMA-P products.

Figure 3 shows the resin failure of the different resin for-

mulations taken from the 90° tensile testing. In contrast to
the ILSS measurement, the increase in resin failure

Evonik Operations GmbH | VISIOMER® Specialty Methacrylates | April 2022 | 2/3

 OUR PROMISE TO YOU
Disclaimer
• We are your experts for Specialty Methacrylate This information and all further technical advice is based on our present
knowledge and experience. However, it implies no liability or other legal
­monomers. responsibility on our part, including with regard to existing third party
intellectual property rights, especially patent rights. In particular, no war-
ranty, whether express or implied, or guarantee of product properties in
• We are at your service with a globally available sales the legal sense is intended or implied. We reserve the right to make any
changes according to technological progress or further developments. The
and technology organization. customer is not released from the obligation to conduct careful inspection
and testing of incoming goods. Performance of the product described
• We are your solution provider with tailor-made herein should be verified by testing, which should be carried out only by
qualified experts in the sole responsibility of a customer. Reference to trade
products and joint research & development projects. names used by other companies is neither a recommendation, nor does it
imply that similar products could not be used.

• We support your growth through a reliable and ® = registered trademark

VISIOMER is a registered trademark of Evonik Industries AG
flexible global production & technology network. or its subsidiaries.

• We are looking for a long-term partnership and

mutual value creation.
Evonik Operations GmbH
Business Line Oil Additives
Specialty Methacrylates
Kirschenallee
64293 Darmstadt
Germany

Phone +49 6151 18-4671

[email protected]
www.visiomer.com
www.evonik.com

Evonik Specialty Chemicals (Shanghai) Co., Ltd

Business Line Oil Additives
55 Chundong Road
Xinzhuang Industry Park
Shanghai 201108
China

Evonik Oil Additives USA, INC.

723 Electronic Drive
Horsham, PA 19044-4050
USA

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