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e
II. THE FIRST THREE

A. Cynthia Cadieux
The last time rulyone saw 16-year-old Cynthia Rae Cadieux alive in her
home town of Roseville, Michigan, was at about 8:30 p.m. on the night of Janu-
ary IS, 1976. Her nude body was found by the side of Franklin Road in Bloom-
field Township by a passing motorist at 1:05 a.m. the next morning, her skull
crushed by a blunt instrument. She had been raped and sodomized, possibly by
more than one person. Her clothing was never found, but there were unconfirmed
reports from informer channels that she had been abducted by four hoodlums,
violated, murdered, and dumped along the roadsid~. Her clothing may have been
for a time in th~ possession of a girlfriend of one of the killers, but this
report also was unconfirmed. The Cadieux case has been assessed by investi-
gators as an unsolved sex-related murder having no connection with the four
child killings in the Woodward Cooridor.

B. Sheila Srock
The second young victim to die was Sheila Srock, a chunky 14-year-old
orphan who lived with her older brother in Birmingham, Michigan, an attractive
and affluent community near the northern end of the corridor. Sh~ila was baby-
sitting in an upstairs room of a house at 1772 Villa street early on the eve-
ning of January 19, 1976, when she was surprised about 8:20 p.m. by a man who
had just come £rom breaking into three other houses in the neighborhood, ,,,-sing
a prybar and a screwdriver. Her assailant, described by a witness as a thin,
young, white male, 18-25 years old, 5'10" to 6' tall with a sparse beard,
prominent nose, and pointed chin, removed her clothing, raped her, sodomized
her, and, as a horrified neighbor watched from a nearby roof from which he
was shoveling snow, killed her with a series of shots from his small-caliber,
semi-automatic pistol. Taking with hjm what loot he could find, including a
.38 revolver and some jewelry, he mingled with the crowd attracted to the
house by the shots, asked several people what was happening, calmly got into
a 1967 Cadillac parked along the street, and drove away. Despite the descrip-
tion of the man and the car, he has never been appreilended.

2
C. Jane Allan
Jane Lou:Lse Allan of Royal Oak, Michigan, was the third fatality
involving a young girl that has been erroneously linked by media coverage to
the four southern Oakland County crimes. ~ well-developed girl of nearly 14
years, she was last seen in her Royal Oak home on Saturday, August 7, 1976,
about 12:30 p.m. Sometime later that afternoon she hitchhiked 17 miles to
visit her boyfriend, Tony Galassi, in Auburn H~ightsf Michigan. Tony repri-
manded her for hitching, and she left his house shorrly thereafter, presumably
to catch a ride home, for she was a confirmed hitchhiker who had remained away
from home several times during the preceding year without telling her mother
(;)

of her whereabouts. Four days later, the decowposed body of a girl thought
to be about 17 years old was found floating in the Miami River, mear Miamis-
burg, Ohio, her hands tied behind her back with pieces of wh~te tee-shirt.
Clothing, jewelry, and a recently sutured cut on the wrist led to the eventual
identification of the body as that of the missing Jane Allan. The Ohio coroner's
office believed Jane was dead before she was thrown into the river, possibly
from carbon monoxide poisoning; it was impossible to tell if she had been
assaulted. Police informants in Ohio linked Jane to a young girl seen with
members of a motorcycle gang, the Dayton Outlaws, but no solid evidence ever
tied her death to the circumstances of the report. It seems more probable
that she was picked up while hitchhiking and either deliberately or acciden-
tally killed by the motorist, who then disposed of her body in the river.

3
 III. THE FINAL FOUR

A. Mark Stebbins
On February 15, 1976, at about 1:30 p.m., a 12-year-old boy--Mark
Douglas Stebbins--left the Ferndale, Michigan, American Legion Hall to head
for his home at 429 E. Saratoga Street in Ferndale to watch a movie on tele-
vision. His mother, who spoke with him just before he left the hall, called
the Ferndale Police Department that night at 11:00 p.m. to report that he had
not yet returned home ano. that she was concerned, since he had never done
anything like this before. He was, she told the police dispatcher, wearing
a blue, hooded parka, blue jeans, a red sweatshirt, and black rubbe': boots.
The missing person report filed by Mrs. Stebbins was of little help in
finding her son, whom she described as being 4'8" tall, weighing 100 pounds,
with reddish-blond hair and blue eyes. However, four days later, at 11:45
a.m. on February 19, a businessman named Mark Boetigheimer left his office at
15660 W. Ten Mile Road in southfield, Michigan, to walk over to the drugstore
at New Orleans Mall. Along his route, he glanced toward the northeast corner
of the parking lot he was crossing and noticed what he thought might be a
mannikin or dummy dressed in a blue jacket and jeans. As he came closer, he
saw that it was the body of a young boy; he immediately returned to his office
and called the Southfield Police Department.
The body, which would soon be identified as that of Mark Stebbins,
was removed to the department's security garage where it was checked for in-
juries and possible cause of death. The autopsy, when performed by Dr. Thomas
J. Pentinga, noted that death was due to asphyxia caused by smothering and
added that there were also two small crusted lacerations of the scalp on the
left rear of the head, that there were discolorations of the wrists and ankles
that might be rope marks, and that the anal orifice was widely distended with
obvious but superficial lacerations.
In the light of the fact that Mark's body was found just befor~ noon
on the 19th, the story told to Southfield police by Mack M. Gallop, another

4
occupant of the building housing Boetigheimer's office is of interst. Gallop
said that at about 9:30 that morning he had walked his Schnauzer along the
edge of the parking lot. He believed that if the body had been there at that
time, the dog, who was on a 20-foot leash, would have smelled it and gone over
to investigate, thereby leading to its discovery. Thus, there was some evi-
dence that the body was placed near the building after 9:30 a.m.
The murder of Mark Stebbins was the first of four interrelated crimes
against cl1ildren in ths Woodward Cooridor; more than 10 months would pass be-
fore another would be reported.

B. Jill Robinson
Late in the afternoon of December 22, 1976, l2-year-old Jill Robinson
had an argument with her mother, Karol Robinson, with whom she lived in Royal
Oak, Michigan. Their dispute involved some household chores Jill had failed
to do, and at its climax, Jill's mother told her to get out until she could
become part of the family. Jill went to her bedroom, packed some clothes and
a blue and green plaid blanket into her denim backpack and, dressed in blue
jeans, shirt/ snow bdots, bright orrulge winter jacket, and blue knit cap with
a yellow design in its border, walked out the door. She hadn't returned by
early evening as her mother expected her to do, and at 11:30 p.m. that night,
Jill's father, who is divorced from her luother and living in Birmingham,
Michigan, reported her missing. She was not seen alive again. Her body was
found about 8:45 a.m. on December 26, alongside Route I-75 just north of
Sixteen Mile Road in Troy, Michigan; her killer had laid hex down on her
back on the snowy shoulder of the road and blown the top of her head off with
a l2-gauge shotgun. She was wearing her backpack, which still contained the
plaid blanket.
The autopsy report on Jill Robinson was prepared by Dr. Robert F.
Sillery, chief pathologist for the Oakland County Medical Exanuner's Office;
it said she had died from Shock and hemorrhage due to a shotgun wound of the
head. There were no signs of sexual molestation or penetration, and her hymen
was intact; a lightly stained tampon was in her vagina (it had come from a box
which she had purchased herself and which her mother later discovered).

5
 Despite the many reports that were telephoned to police of seeing a
girl Jill's age in cars or along 1-75, no valid leads were developed, and
there is little or no real information regarding her disappearance, where-
aboutsfor four days, or who her murderer might be. The police know what kind
of shotgun shell was used and what size shot; it is a common variety, easily
obtainable in a number of local gun and hardware stores. One unexplained
aspect of the case: Jill's bike was fuQ~d by a neighborhood boy on the after-
noon of December 27 behind the Valenti and Lieberman offices on N. Main Street
in Royal Oak; no one knows whether she rode it there on the 22nd when she dis-
appeared or whether it was placed there later.

c. Kristine Mihelich
Just one week after Jill Robinson was found in the snow along a busy
highway, Mrs. Deborah Ascroft called the Berkley, Michigan, Police Depart-
ment at 6:00 p.m. on January 2, 1977, to report that her 10-year-old daughter,
Kristine Mihelich (usually called Kris) had gone to the 7-11 Store at Twelve
Mile Road and Oakshire at 3:00 p.m. that afternoon and had not returned. The
clerk at that store remembered selling a teenage movie magazine to a young
girl about 3:00 p.m.; she was able to tentatively identify the girl as Kris
after being shown a photograph. By noon the next day, every police department
in the area had a copy of that photo, and Detroit-area radio and TV stations
were broadcasting information about the missing girl. Again, despite many
telephone calls purporting to give clues or tips--including several calls
from a l4~year-old girl pretending to be Kris--nothing of a useful nature
was received by the police.
On the 19th day after her disappearance, Kris Mihelich was found.
A U.S. Postal Service mailman, Jerome Wozny of Walled Lake, Michigan was
delivering mail on Bruce Lane, a dead-end street west of Telegraph Road in
Franklin Village, Michigan, when he spotted something in the snow-filled ditch
alongside the road; the time was about 11:45 a.m. Something of a scavenger of
items he noticed it as he drove along in his mail truck. Wozny stopped, backed
up, got out, and walked over to a "blue something" in the snow. When he saw
an arm and a hand as he got closer, he realized he had found a body. Getting

6
back in his truck, he drove immediately to the Franklin Village Police
Department to report his finding.
Dr. Sillerly' s autopsy report and sl.lbsequen't comments were interesting'
if not enlightening. The cause of death was asphyxia caused by smothering.
Also, the body was not frozen through, it had been exposed in the snow for
less than 24 hours, in all probability. There was no gross evidence of
sexual molestation or penetration in either vagina or anus, yet Dr. Sillery
told a startled group of state crime lab technicians he had found sperm in
both vagina and rectum. He could not account for how they had gotten there,
despite some unique theories about the forcefulness of ejacl,llat,ion. The
fact that anothe~ pathologist and two State Police laboratory technicians
were subsequently unable to detect sperm in the tissue slides he prepared
perhaps explains things adequately--t.here were no sperm, and Kristine, like
Jill, had not been violated.
Dr. Sillery also expressed the view that Kris had dressed herself;
her clothes were neat and clean, including her underwear, although she had
been away from home 19 days. Deborah Ascroft, Kris' mother, commented th(~t

two things made her think Kris had been dressed by someone else, probably
after she was killed; her blouse was tied in front, not in back as she
normally tied it, and her pants were tucked into her boots, a thing she
never did.
During the nearly three weeks between the day Kris disappeared from
somewhere along her presumed t'oute between the 7-11 Store and the bowling
alley where her mother tended bar, the task force concept of looking for the
kidnapper first took shape. Lt. Jerry Simmons of the Southfield Police
Department set up a meeting for all police departments with an interest in
the recent Robinson homicide and the Mihelich disappearance. The officers
present discussed the use of a computer for handling the information being
accumulated by the departments in question, in order to avoid duplication
of investigative effort, since the same names were coming in mQre than once
or twice. They also talked about sett~ng up a group qf officers consisting
of one or two from each department involved in the disappearances of the
children; the gr.oup could be called on to assist as new information to be

7
investigated came in or they would be available as a knowledgeable group
if they were needed. The Oak.land County Task Force had its beginnings at
this meeting.

D. Timothy King
Police departments in Oakland County were still looking for the
killer of Kris Mihelich when, on March 16, 1977, another child disappeared.
Timothy King, a slim, attractive ll-year-old boy who lived at 1509 Yorkshire
Street in Birmingham, Michigan, was last seen by a member of his family at
about 7:40 p.m., when his older sister, Catherine, gave him 30 cents to buy
candy at a nearby store. Cather;ine was going into Detroit that evening to
see a stage show with some girl friends from her high school; Tim's two
older brothers were out of the house, one babysitting for a neighbor's
youngster and the other practicing with the cast of a school play; his
parents were having dinner at a Birmingham restaurant. As Tim left, he
asked Catherine to lea.ve the front door ajar so that he could get back into
the house, and when the Kings returned home at 9:00 p.m. they fou;..d the door
still ajar and Tim missing. After looking for him in the neighborhood and
phoning the houses of friends where they thought he might have gone, they
called the Birmingham Police Department. By 9:15 the next morning, the
embryonic task force working in Southfield knew the King boy was missing,
and Birmingham Police Chief Rollin (Jerry) Tobin had asked for full task
force involvement in the case. By afternoon on March 17, a new task force
headquarters was set up in the Adams Fire House in Birmingham and was hard
at work processing the many reports that concerned citizens were phoning in.
Routine investigative procedures established that the salesgirl at
the Hunter/Maple drug store!where Tim was to have bought his candy did recall
seeing Tim King; he had made the purchase. Further, in an important break,
a woman witness came forth to report that at about 8:30 p.m. on the night
Tim disappeared she had been loading groceries i.nto her car parked on the
lot near the drug store. She remembered seeing a small boy in a rea. jacket
with emblems on it (a good description of Tim's red nylon Birmingham Hockey
Association jacket) talking to a man standing by a car some two car-lengths

8
from her. She was able to describe the man well enough for a police artist
to produce a composite sketch of him; further, she thought his car ~as dark-
blue Gremlin with a white, upswept:. stripe (called a "hockey stick" stripe)
along its side. The sketch of the suspect and a photo of a similar car were
sent to all local police departments and were available to all members of the
task force, now rapidly growing in size as more local detectives. were assigned
to the case.
Even as investigative activity accelerated, the report that many
detectives had grimly anticipated was received. At 11:15 p.m. on March 22,
the Livonia, Michigan, Police Department sent a car in response to a call
from three witnesses who had discovered a body lying in a ditch on the west
side of Gill Street, a tenth of a rule south of Eight Mile Road. The body
was that of a boy approximately 10 years old, wearing a red nylon jacket with
a BRA crest, denim shirt, green trousers, and white tennis shoes with blue
and red stripes. Tim King had been found. Ten feet away from his body was
the orange skateboard that he took with him to the store.
On the death certificate prepared by Dr. John Smialek and Dr. Werner
Spitz of the Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office, the cause of death was
listed as "smothered." Dr. Spitz's opinion, when he first examined the boy's
body at 2:00 a.m. on March 23 was that Tim had been dead from six to eight
hours and had been placed along Gill Road about three hours before he was
found. The autopsy report showed that he had eaten a meal of fowl about an
hour before he was killed. His wrists carried marks that might have been
caused by binding, but his body was very clean, including fingernails and toe-
nails. He had been sexually assaulted, the anal region showing clear signs
of some form of ~use.

E. Patterns
In their analysis of the four Oakland County murders, the investigating
officers noted certain similarities in the crimes that supported the theory
that they were interrelated, that is coumdtted by a single killer or small
group of killers:

1. All four victims were alone when abducted; also, they were
all taken from business areas, in or near parking lots.

9
 2. Two victims were abducted on a Sunday afternoon, two on
a Wednesday evening.

3. Victims were held captive, for periods ranging from 3

to 19 days.

4. Victims appeared to have been well fed while held and

not subjected to weather or other exposure.

5. The victims were well cared for during their period of

captivity, including caring for their normal biological
needs. All the bodies were clean, and Tim King's body
was described as Clinically clean (his finger and toe
nails had been scraped).

6. All four victims were dressed in their own clothing

(possibly by someone else) just before or after death.

7. All four bodies were deposited along roadsides where

they would be readily found.

8. There was no evidence of sexual molestation of either

girl; both boys showed obvious anal dilation.

9. Apparently little if any force was used in the abductions;

no commotions were reported in this regard.

On the other hand, there are certain differences that tend to make
the interrelationship of the crimes less positive. For example, Jill Robinson
was killed along the edge of a highway with a shotgun, a noisy and attention-
getting method, while the other three were smothered, probably by holding a
hand over their mouths and pinching their nostrils shut. Students of the
pathology of sex would probably point to the probable lack of interest in
pre-adolescent girls on the part of a homosexual assailant of young boys.
And, the killeld~ timing was inconsistent; the Stebbins boy was murdered in
February, 1976; the next victim was seized at the end of December, 1976,
followed by one in January and one in March. Also, the victims were kept
for varying lengths of time: 3~, 4, 6, and 19 days. There are other con-
tradictory aspects as well; the cleanliness of the victims has been seen by
investigators as a largely successful attempt on the part of the killer to
destroy possible evidence--scrapings from under fingernails, dirt from
clothing, or handprints on skin. These procedures, on the other hand, could
have been part of the compulsive cleanliness of a far-from-normal individual.
Perspective takes on special significance when making judgments on such details.

10
 IV. THE OAKLAND COUNTY SPECIAL TASK FORCE

A. Genesis
The successful formation of a cooperative major crime task force in
southern Oakland County north of Detroit speaks for the enormity of the crimes
being investigated and the pressure on the police to solve them--pressure both
from the public in demanding an end to this threat to children and from them-
selves as frustrated professionals faced with a cunning and careful criminal.
There are more than 70 different police forces in the Detroit area, varying
greatly in size from Franklin Village with 5 personnel to Livonia with 180
and to Detroit itself with over 5,,300 and exhibiting different degrees of
territorial jealousy. In each murder, the abduction took place in one
jurisdiction, and the body was found in another. Nonetheless, the task
force was formed, funded, and has operated effectively in making inroads
in the accumulation of 11,000 tips and leads that confronted the detectives
in April 1977.

B. Impetus For Mobilization

As noted eaxlier, the Task Force originally began working out of the
Intelligence Office of the Southfield Police Departme~t after Lt. Simmons of
the department had called a meeting of the police departments concerned with
the Kris Mihelich disappearance. That meeting was held on January 12, 1977,
and there was still a nucleus of investigators working on the Mihelich case
when Chief Tobin of Birmingham asked for assistance in dealing with Tim King's
abduction. By afbernoon on March 17, a new Task Force l<eadquarters had been
set up at the Adams Fire Station in Birmingham, and within a very short period
of time as many as 180 to 200 detectives were working out of that office, in-
cluding investigators from some 51 communities in the area as well as the
Detroit Police Department, the Oakland County Sheriff's Department, and the
Michigan State Police.
Because the fire station quarters were inadequate for a group that
size, on March 24 the Task Force was moved to Valley Wqod School at 32605
Bellvine Trail in Beverly Hill, just outside Birmingham. .~ elementary school
that had been closed because of a dwindling student population, Valley Wood

11
 ---- -----------

was ideal for the round-the-clock Task Force operation, in that it had a
large kitchen, a public address system, and a parking lot. A number of
phone lines were put in so that the hundreds of calls coming in every day
could be handled, and although they have the disadvantage of being single
lines without a controlling switchboard or panel, time was the overriding
factor. The phone set-,up wm'''s because the public adcl£ess system permits
investigators to be called tu ~he phone.
As the workload of investigating leads continued to grow after Tim
King's body was found, it became necessary to make some plans for continuing
the Task Force, whose costs were becoming an increasingly heavy burden on
the budgets of the many police departments that had sent volunteer detectives
(in late March there were still as many as 134 detectives on the day shift--
plus 18 Michigan State Police officers running the tip room). By March 31,
efforts were underway to seek Law Enforcement Assistance Administration funds
in order to allow the Task Force to continue operations for up to six months.
Chief Tobin was the spearhead of this effort, working with Dr. Noel Bufe and
Don Jackson of the Michigan Office of Criminal Justice Programs and James
Rhodes, coordinator of the Oakland County Criminal Justice Program, in prepar-
ing the preliminary request for grant aid. On April 12, Robert O. Heck of
th~ LEAA Office of Regional Operations and Tom Tubbs of LEAA Region V in
Chicago met with the Michigan state planners, Chief Tobin, and Michigan State
Police officials. The final grant requests were worked out at that time,
with LEAA assistance being predicated not only on the need to continue the
investigative task force but also on the desire to document the incid~nts and
the investigative activity in a process-evaluative manner so that future such
major investigative efforts could fierive the benefit and guidance of Michigan's
experience.

C. The Grants
As approved, the grants for the Task Force were as follows:
Grant I, funded through the State Office of Criminal
Justice Programs, was broken down like this: $306,888 in
Federal funds channeled through the Michigan OCJP; $17,049
in state funds; and $17,050 in local funds ($2,131 apiece for
the eight commmlities involved), for a total of $341,987.

12
 Grant II totaled $295,675, including $133,675 to
cover crime analysis personnel, support equipment, and
management personnel (consisting of seven Michigan State
Police officers, to be used as coordinators, field super-
visors, and evidence technicians); $60,000 for 200 man-days
of technical assistance, if needed; and $100,000 in tech-
nology transfer funds that include the development of a
manual for handling similar major investigative efforts.

D. Organization
The Task Force organization, as structured for the six-month extended
investigations phase, includes State Police 1st Lt. Robert H. Robertson as
Coordinator, with State Police Det. Sgt. Joe Krease as his assistant as well
as Street Coordinator. There are two d~tectives from ec\ch of the eight com-
muni ties involved (the four from ~'lhich victims disappeared--Fernda1e, Royal
Oak, Berkley, and Birmingham, and the four where they were found--Southfield,
Troy, Franklin, and Livonia), plus two apiece from the Oakland County Prose-
cutor's Office and the Oakland County Sheriff's Department (Sheriff Johannes
Spreen has assigned additional deputies to the case, working both with the
Task Force and independently), and three Michigan State Police computer and
tip room personnel. The Detroit Police Department has also kept four detec-
tive volunteers on hand to check out leads in the city.
In addition to these 25 professional inve.'ltigators and specialists,
four clerical personnel were authorized as well as two additional civilians
-two work with the computers and the LEIN (Law Enforcement Information Netwclrk) •
An organizational chart of the Task Force follows as Chart I.

E. Operations
Task FOrce operations have settled down to investigative checking out
of the more than 11,000 accumulated leads or tips that were phoned or written
in during the days of Tim King's disappearance and the following weeks, plus
current leads and reports as they are received. The tips have been computer-
ized, as will be discussed below, to improve handling procedures, prevent
duplication of effort, and provide for record-keeping. The Task Force ran
two shifts through April, then went on a one-shift operation on May 1.

13
 OAKLAND COUNTY SPECIAL TASt< FOP~CE

O.C.S.T.F. COORDINATOR
MICH. STATE POLICE
LT. R. H. ROBERTSON
I TECHNICAL
DENNIS MC KEE

LIAISON OFFICERS STREET COORDINATOR

f--.. SGT. JOE KREASE

I
COMMUNITY COHMUNITY PARENT
VICTIM ABDUCTED FOUND LIAISON

~ STEBBINS LT. SULLIVAN LT. SIMMONS DOAN

I 1I I I I f-
TIP RECEIVING

TIP PROCESSING
f- ROBINSON LT. RINGER [SGT. GREEN GREEN MICH. STATE POLICE
I I 1I I
\0-
SGT. R. TODD

L.E.H.S. SUPPORT UNIT

I I
I-- HICH. STATE POLICE
I- MIllALICH SGT. PICHE [SGT. KREASE
I I DET. IT»1I
I SGT. P. HOGAN

"---
EV InENCE- KING ' - VARAJON

"""- KING LT. KALBFLEISCH ~GT. VARAJON ] I KALBl"LEISCH ]

EVIDENCE-
EVIDENCE-
EVIDENCE-
MIIIALICH-
ROBINSON-
STEBBINS-
PICHE
GREEN
DOAN
.,--
----------- --- ---- -- - ----
 The tip system has, of course, been a major part of the investiga-
tive operation. All calls and letters received are transcribed, condensed
or otherwise put into the Michigan State Police Tip Form (see Appendj.~ A, a
copy of the blank form). The forms themselves are filed in the tip room in
portable file drawers after the names involved and the report nunfuer have
been fed into the computer. Before being assigned, the tips are given a
priority--High, Medium, or Low--based on the supervisor's assessment of the
source and the information. High priority leads are checked out as soon as
possible; medium priority tips are worked when no high priority ones are
backlogged; low priority tips will eventually be worked.
In the early days of the Task Force in late March, it quickly became
apparent that the handling of the tips would have to be autornated if they
were to be an effective investigative tool. By the time State Police Det. Sgt.
Phil Hogan was asked to set up a system, 5,000 tips had already been received
and recorded on the MSP Tip Form (DD-27). Using minicomputers, he put the
tips into an automated system by entering tip number, subject's name, address,
and vehicle license number (if any). The sys'c.em thus is not a data base but
a data management system. In checking out a high priority tip, detectives
first use their CRT and keyboard to check the system to see if the subject's
name has previously been reported. If the CRT indicates a record, the detec-
tive checks that tip form and other cross-references to his tip subject, thus
often saving additional or duplicative investigative work. Sgt. Hogan has
also added to the original tip file a surveillance file (for cars reported
near abduction sites and others), a suspect file for previously identified
child molesters in the area, and an additional suspect file that contains
known travel patterns (e.g., home to work to recreation to home). The victimi-
zation files being compiled include information from various Oakland County
police departments on 1,200 complaints of children being molested or accosted
(information consists of case number, the recording department, type of com-
plaint, location, and data). In addition, the school questionnaire forms are
another source of victim reports; all school children in the area are, with
the help of their teachers, filling out incident forms (see Appendix B) re-
garding attempts by strangers to give them rides, offer candy or other bribes,
take their picture, or ask for help or information. A localization file is
being wor!,ed up from these various reports, seeking to construct a pattern of
contacts.
15
 In addition, links are set up to check with the Oakland County com-
puterized crime files, the FBI listing of wanted male Caucasian child mo-
lesters, and a list of sex offenders from other states, paroled and living
in Michigan.
While Tim King was still missing, a major stop-and-search operation
was run on Sunday, March 20, in the hope of intercepting the abductor on the
road that night. The office of L. Brooks Patterson, the County Prosecutor,
authorized the operation and set forth general rules for the guidance of the
participating officers. The prosecutor's memo and the Task Force guidance
are attached as Appendix C.
With the assistance of several criminologists, psychiatrists, psy-
chologists, forensic pathologists, and experienced police officers, the Task
Force developed a suspect profile which was distributed to local police de-
partments and -to all offic~rs working the streets or in episodes such as the
stop-and-search operation. It is included as Appendix D.
Utilizing the witness to what may well have been the abductor's ini-
tial approach to Tim King in the drugstore parking lot, the Task Force ar-
ranged for an artist to prepare a sketch of the suspect which along with a
picture of a car believed to resemble the suspect's was widely disseminated
in Oakland County. It is attached as Appendix E.
In an imaginative effort staged early in Task Force operations, three
Michigan State Police detectives flew to Joliet, Illinois, on March 29 to
talk with a convicted distributor of child pornography doing time in stateville
Prison. Their approach was that if the abducted children had been used to
make pornographic motion pictures or still photos while they were held by
their abductors, the police would like to know where and how such material
would be marketed. The convict gave them his opinion on where such films,
if they had been made, would be marketed--through New York City--and who the
probable dealers would be; however, he doubted that the murderer, whom he des-
cribed as a psychotic, would be interested in such a venture. In addition, he
felt -there was too much heat on child pornography to find any market at this
time. He had a number of other views as well, including the opinion that the
Oakland County killer is going to continue: "He is going to keep it up. Just

16
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------~

why in the hell does he do it all in one locality except he is screaming for
you to catch him."

F. The Fringe
In one way or another, a group of people with unique skills, knowledge,
or techniques became involved in the work of the Task Force. A dedicated
"police buff" who is currently attending a local police academy at his own
expense in order to be better able to work with the police, Detroit psychia-
trist Dr. Bruce L. Danto developed a number of theories regarding the murders,
starting with the Robinson case, and because of his dolorful opinions, he was
good copy for the newspapers and television. One of his ideas was that the
killer was paying attention to everything that was said and written about him
and that he was highly suggestible. To exploit this, at the request of the
Task Force he made a television broadcast in which he referred to the killer
several tirn.es as an unpredictable "squirrel." Following through, police then
closely watched Squirrel Road, a north-south-rQ~ning road that is north of
Birmingham and east of Bloomfield Hills, as a logical drop-off point, if the
suggestion took hold. Apparently it didn't.
Brought into the case early in April was Frank Sass, a retirn~d employee
of the Federal Bureau of Investigations who for a number of years had taught at
the FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia, where one of his specialities was a one-
week program on sexual deviation and sex-related crimes. The Royal Oak Tribune
paid his air fare to Detroit plus a consultant's fee, and although Sass made
some unfortunate post-arrival remarks at the airport to the effect that "
the situation ••. is a real mess from what I've heard," he became an enthusi-
astic supporter of the Task Force. Before leaving, he reaffirmed the suspect
profile and praised the computerized tip-handling system.
Highly useful with several witnesses was Dr. Donald Rossi, a psycholo-
gist who has in the past worked with the Michigan State Police. A skilled
hypnotist, he was able to hypnotize the ,·dtnesses and elicit from them ad-
ditional details that their conscious minds had forgotten.
In addition to these legitimate practitioners, a large number of psy-
chics, dream interpreters, dowsers, and other pseudoscientific experts have
contacted the investigators. P. O. Jerry Tobias, juvenil7 officer for the

17
Southfield Police Department and possessor of a doctorate in psychology,
handles such matters as a member of the Task Force, evaluating them and
making the decision as to further contact.
An additional source of tips has been the "Secret Witness" feature
run by the Detroit News. Its readers are encouraged to send in information
they possess on crimes, including the child killings in Oakland County, under
the protection of anonymity, since they can be identified only by a self-
selected six-digit number written on the report and on a lower corner which
is then torn off and retained so that if the informant ever wan.ts to come
forward, he can prove that he was the source of the information that led to
-the arrest.

e
18
 V. RESULTS

The killer (or killers) of the four Oakland County children is still
at large as of this writing. A number of possible suspects have been identi-
fied, many of whom have been questioned (including, in some cases, polygraph
examinations) and who will be questioned again. Additional information con-
tinues to come in and is duly investigated, building up the body of facts
that will, hopefully, lead to the murderer. One by-product of the tip system
has been the identification of scores of heretofore unsuspected child molesters
and homosexuals, particularly among clergymen and teachers, although none have
been linked to the crimes in question. Many of these identifications have
come about through "Operation Lure," the massive attempt to get from Oakland
County school children any possible recollection of past or recent attempts
to accost or approach them under suspicious circumstances (the School Incident
Form used for this purpose can be seen as Appendix B). Available to all ele-
mentary school teachers, this form is also a very useful educational device,
in that it makes children aware--in very realistic terms--of the prcsenb~ of
molesters and other people who have the potential to do them harm.
As to the future, things are uncertain. A suspect could confess
tomorrow (surprisingly, only two false confessors have come forward, and their
claims to guilt were demolished easily by the facts), or an investigation of a
telephone tip may lead to the killer. On the other hand, some hard-bitten
street detectives are almost convinced that they have probably already talked
to the killer and that he is laughing at them while the Task Force's six
months of life slip away. They feel that he may wait until early winter
before leaving another smothered, despoiled body along some Michigan road to
mock their efforts.

19
00-27 (Rev. 8-73)
APPENDIX A
White -MASTER
Yellow-WORKSHEET
Card -FILE

Can be Contacted At

Eyes Hair

Yr. Lie. No. Home Phone Office Phone

Occupation Informant was Contacted At

Home Phone

INFORMATION REFERENCE SUBJECT Yes No Yes No Yes No

.. 0
Criminal Record Obtained (IB) 0 Sex Motivated Crime File Check 0 0 Handwriting Specimen Obtained 0 0
Record Section Checked ...... 0 0 Intelligence Check •........ 0 0 Hair Specimen Obtained .... 0 0
Photo Available ............ 0 0 Operator's License Check •... 0 0 Written Statement Obtained . . 0 0
LEIN Checked ..•........... 0 0 Fingerprints Obtained ....... 0 0 Recorded Statement Obtained . 0 0
Gun File Check ............ 0 0 Palmprints Obtained .......• 0 0 Updated Photo Obtained .... 0 0

Time
Subject Not Cleared

Subject Cleared by:

Date o Witnesses o Was Working o Polygraph

20
 APPENDIX B

SCHOOL INCIDENT FORM

SCHOOL:

COMPLAINT NUMBER:

VOICE: I-Loud 2-Soft 3-Clear 4-Unclear 5-Accent

6-Deaf/Dumb 7-Doesn't Speak English 8-0ther

-------
LOCATION: (Cross Streets)
--------------------- I-Bus 2-Res 3-0ther

DATE OCCURRED: Month

---------- Day -------- Year ----- Time Occurred:

SCHOOL SITE: (Cross Streets)

NUMBER OF SUSPECTS: (1) (2) (3) (More)

VICTIM INFORMATION: Residence (Cross Streets)

RACE: I-White 2-Black 3-0ther

SEX: I-Male 2-Female

AGE:

SUSPECT INFORMF~rON: Residence

------------------------------------------------
Cross Streets ________________________________________________

HEIGHT: Ft. In. GLASSES: I-Yes 2-No

BUILD: I-Heavy 2-Medium 3-Slender

AGE: (1) 20-30 (2) 30-40 (3) 40-50

SEX: I-Male 2-Female

RACE: I-White 2-Black 3-0ther

HAIR COLOR: l-Black 2-Brn 3-Blnd 4-Gra::r 5-0ther

M.O. LURE: l-Coercion 2-Asks Aid 3-0ffers Aid 4-Bribe

5-Takes Picture 6-Hitchhiking 7-0ther ______________

VEHICLE INFORMATION: Make:

Model: I-Two Door 2-Foor Door 3-Van

4-Sta Wag ____ 5-0ther ____

21
 Base Color:

Plate Number:

Age: (1) 74-77 (2) 70-73 (3) Older

Interior Description: (1) Yes (2) No

SUSPICIOUS CIRCUMSTANCE: (Brief)

22
 APPENDIX C

CONFIDENTIAL

TO: AREA CH I EFS

FROM: TASK FORCE

The following Infonmat{on is restricted to Roll Call use -only.

-'-
Public release
of this data may result in the dealth of the victim.

This material has been derived from a compilation of information from the past
homicide incidents in Oakland County.
BACKGROUND:

1. With one exception, all bodi,es have been dropped within four (4)
days of the abduction.
2. Time of drop has been between 12 midnight and 6 a.m.
3. All bodies have been dropped within plain view from the roadway.
4. Bodies have been placed on a North/South Street (no guarantee
that this wil 1 continue).
5. In one instance, tire tracks suggest intermediate-size vehicle
(However, don't exclude the possibility of another car).
6. Use Caution - in one instance, a shot gun was used on one of the
victims.
REQUESTED ACTION:
1. Observe movement of traffic during "Drop',' hours.
2. Stop and Search ~ vehicles and occupants that may fit the profile
or suspicious to the officer. The search should include trunk and
cargo areas.
3. Record all identification information on vehicle and subjects and
forward same to the Task Force within twenty-four (24) hours.
4. Instill within each patrol officer that it may be his stop that
will lead to the apprehension of the offender and solution of these
abductions. His role is vital to the success of the Task Force
operation. ------- ---- -----

23
March 18, 1977
Memorandum
To: Law Enforcement Officers Assisting In the 'nvestigati~n
of Missing Boy, Timothy King

From: Oakland County Prosecutor's Office

The Oakland County Prosecutor's Office has authorized all local law enforcement
agencies assisting in the investigation of the missing boy, Timothy King, to
conduct the stop and search as Is requested in the confidential memo to area
chiefs from the Task Force. The purpose of the stop and search Is to possibly
save the I ife of the missing boy, Timothy King, and apprehend his abductor. In
performing the stop and search pursuant to the requested action, police officers
should conduct themselves in accordance with the following general rules:
1. If the stop is being madesclely pursuant to the requested actIon
of the Task Force, the vehicle stopped may be searched only to
the extent necessary to determine if the perpetrator or victim i$
present in the vehicle and such search shall be made as soon as
possible after the stop.
2. Officers should detain a person only for the length of time
necessary to obtain or verify the person's identification or
an account of the person's presence or conduct and to conduct
the necessary search or otherwise determine if the person
should be arrested or released.
3. Officers shall act wIth as much restraint and courtesy toward
the person stopped as is possible under the circumstances. The
officer making the stop shall identify himself as a law enforce-
ment officer as soon as practical after making the stop if he is
not in uniform. At some point during the stop the officer should
give the person stopped an explanation of the purpose of the stop.
4. Refusal to answer questions or to produce identification does not
by itself establish probable cause to arrest, but such refusal may
be considered along with other facts as an element adding to prob- ~,

able cause if under the circumstances an innocent person could

reasonably be expected not to refuse. Such refusal in cause for
a further investigation of the circumstances surrounding the stop.
5. Every officer who conducts a stop and search must be prepared to
cite these specific factors which lead him to conclude that "reason-
able suspicion" existed in accordance with the information contained
in the confidential memo to Area Chiefs from the Task Force.
L. Brooks Patterson
Prosecuting Attorney
Richard Thompson
Chief Assistant Prosecutor

24
 ,
., APPENDIX D

Complaint 27-270-77 File 0900-1 Date: March 16, 1977

Oakland County Special Task Force

SUSPECT PROFILE

l. Male - Possibly two males involved.

2. Age 20 to 30 years.

3. Above average Education.

4. Above average Intelligence

5. Caucasian.

6. Has capacity to store or keep victim for at least 18 days.

7. Homosexual. Plus - other mental problems.

8. Has a compulsion for cleanliness, to the point of being a fanatic.

9. No substance abuse involved such as drugs or alcohol.

10. Different - (strange ranger).

11. Work - schedule.

l2~ December - January, vacation off work.

13. Super neat, clean car - house.

14. Single dwelling - attached garage, cost above $30,000.

15. Prior contact with Police.

16. Seeing Psychiatrist.

17. White collar job, 9-5.

18. Area of South Oakland County.

19. Wants body found.

25
 -WANTED- CITIZEN COOPERATION U~tGENTL Y NEEDED

SEVERAL ABDUCTION-MURDERS HAVE 'rAKEN PLACE IN SOUTH OAKLAND COUNTY INVOLVING

YOllNGSTERS. THIS CRIMINAL APPARENTLY PRESENTS A VERY CONVINCING STORY TO THE CHILD. BE
AWARE, AND ALERT YOUR CHILD THAT THIS PERSON COULD BE POSING IN §UCH TRUSTWORTHY POSITIONS
AS A POLICE OFFICER, A DO,TOR f A CLERGYMAN OR EVEN AS A FRIEND OF A FAMILY MEMBER.

THE ABOVE COMPOSITE DR.~ WING OF THE SUSPECTED ABDUCTOR-MURDERER IS AN UPDATE BASED ON THE
LATEST INFORMATION RECEIVED BY THE OAKLAND COUNTY TASK FORCE. THE VICTIMS HA VE BEEN KEPT FClR
THE FOLLOWING PERIODS OF TIME:
$ MARCH 16, 1977 to MARCH 22, 1977
• JANUARY 2, 197-/ to JANUARY ~,n, 1977
., DECEMBER 22, 19i'6 to DECEMBER 26, 1976
• FEBR'.UARY 15, 1976 to FEBRUARY 19, 1976
THE ABDUCTOR(S) WAS LAST SEEN STANDING NEAR A BLUE AMC GREMLIN AU';OMOBILE PARKiED BEHll\lO
CHATHAM'S SUPERMARKET LOCATED ON MAPLE ROl-'D IN BIRMINGHAM, MICHiGAN ON MARCH 16,1977
AT nUl TIME OF TIMOTHY KING'S DISAPPEARANCE. THE SUSPECT'S IOENTITY IS UNKNOWN.

-------------------------,-------------------------
THE fOLLOWING PROlFILE INfORMATION
HAS BEEN DEVELOPED BY THE TASK FORCE:
• ----------------------------.----------------------
HE IS A WHITE MALE; 25-30 YEARS OF AGE; 5'8" Tel 5'10"; 150 TO 170 POUNDS WITH AN ATHLETIC
BUILD.
• HE MAY BE LIVING OR ASSOCIATING C;!.OSEL Y WITH ANOTHER PERSON.
• HE IS AQUAINTED WITH OAKLAND COUNTY AND MAY WORK, LIVE OR SOCIALIZE 11'11 THE AREA.
• HE HAS AN EMPLOYMENT SITUATION WHICH ALLOWS HIM FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT.
• HE MAY RESIDE IN AN AREA WIiICH PROVIDES HIM AN OPPORTUNITY TO KEIlP SOMEONE WITHOUT
CREATING SUSPICION IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OR COMMUNITY.
• HE MAY HAVE ALTERED HIS PHYSICAL APPEARANCE (E.G., CHANGE IN HAIRSTYLE, GLASSES, ETC.)

------------------------------------------.--------------------------------
If you have any information on the above crimes, please call the Oakland County
Task Force at 644 0400, The Detroit News Secret Witness (P.O. Box 1333, Detroit,
a

MI 48231), or your local police, nearest state police or sheriff's office. Reward
payable upon arrest and conviction.

$1 00,000 Reward 26 JUNE 1, 1978

MAJOR C~ASE TEAM MANUAL
This Program is presented by the Michigan Department

of State Police through a grant award from the

Michigan Office of Criminal Justice Programs.

1978
 LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE ADMINISTRATION (LEAA)
POLICE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REPORT

SUBJECT: A Major Case Team Manual

REPORT NUMBER: 77-034-143 (Part III)

FOR: Office of Regional Operations (LEAA),

and Mfchigan Office of Criminal Justice
Programs

CONTRACTOR: Public Administration Service

1776 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W.
Washington, D. C. 20036

CONSULTANT: Fred Newton and Claud H. Corrigan

CONTRr: ? NUMBER: J-LEAA-002-76

DATE: August, 1977

el

e l
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ...
I• I NTRODUCTI ON • .. ..
110 THE MAJOR CASE TEAM CONCEPT. • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••• 2

III. ORGANIZING THE MAJOR CASE TEAM. • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 4

The Command Post •
Field Operations.
.... f • • •• 4
8
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ., . . ..
• • • • • • • • 0 0 • • • • • ••

Support Services • 14
IV. EVALUATING THE OPERATION. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 19

FIGURES
1. Major Case Team Organizational Structure. • • • • • • • •• 5

APPENDIXES
A - Headquarters Physical Plant
B - Security of Personnel and Building
C - Telephone Operator's Manual
D - Major Case Team Handbook
E - Tip Room Operations
F - Ruling by Michigan Attorney General Frank J. Kelley
on local exercise of police powers
G - Computer Room Operations
H - Radio Communications
- Internal Information Systems
J - Summary of Special Projects of Oakland County Task Force
 FOREWORD

This manual dealing with Major Case Team operations was prepared in
response to a request for technical assistance in connection with the
Oakland County Special Task Force, which was formed in March, 1977, to
investigate a series of child murders that involved eight different local
jurisdictions within the county. The manual, which has applications for
Michigan in particular but for all other states in general, is the third
part of the response by the Public Administration Service to this technical
assistance request. The first two parts were a data narrative of the task
force's activities and a technical assistance needs assessment.

Consultants assigned by PAS to this project were Mr. Fred Newton and
Mr. Claud H. Corrigan. Appendix G, which provides details of Computer
Room operations, was prepared by an additional consultant, Sgt. Philip
Hogan of the Michigan State Police. Others involved in processing the
reques t we re:

Requesting Agency: Chief R. G. Tobin

Birmingham Police Department
Birmingham, Michigan
State Planning Agency: Mr. Don Jackson
Michigan Office of Criminal Justice
Programs
Lansing r Michigan
Approving Agencies: Mr. V. Allen Adams
R~g i ona') Adm i n i s trato r
LEAA Region V (Chicago)

Mr. Robert O. Heck

Police Specialist
LEAA Central Office of Regional
Operations

ii
 1

I. INTRODUCTION

There are occas.ions in police work that call for massive, coordinated
efforts to find the perpetrator of a crime or series of crimes that cross
jurisdictional boundaries and that for a variety of reasons--complexity,
viciousness, or public outcry--require a unique mobilization of investi-
gative resources. Such an occasion was the series of sex-related child
murders in Oakland County, Michigan, that led to the formation of the
Oakland County Special Task Force in March, 1977. The task force effort
there involved detectives from 10 different jurisdictions who worked under
the coordinating direction of Michigan State Police command officers.l/
With the assistance of grant funds from the Michigan Office of Criminal
Justice Programs and the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration of the
U. S. Department of Justice, the task force was able to operate at a high
level of effectiveness for a six-month period. A numbe.r of valuable lessons
were. learned during this operational period, detai 1s of which are set forth
In two other Publ ic Administration Service reports under Technical Assist-
ance Project 77-034-143, of which this document is also part.
In order that other Michigan communities, police officials, and admin-
(strators (as well as organizations and executives in other states that
could someday face a similar problem) can benefit from the experiences of
the comm!mities in Oakland County, this manual hes been prepared. It
discusses the pU(poses and goals of a Major Case Team--the term chosen to
replace "task fl)i-CP'~fI describes the organizational structure, the legal
background, the duties and necessary qualifications of the personnel to be
assigned, and provides information on how the various components of a Major
Case Team function, including the Tip Room and the use of minicomputers to
avoid wasteful duplication of effort by detectives and others. Other pro-
cedures that were proved to be wo~kable and useful in Oakland County are
also noted.
There has been no attempt here to set forth hard and fast rules on how
to run an MCT operations, since each case and locality will face different
problems and conditions, and local groupings of participants will formulate
the rules and regulations they believe will best fit their situations. Thus,
no detailed instructions are laid down--only general principles that can be
modified as necessary and that cover organizational, functional, and personnel
factors.
A series of appendixes will provide examples of items needed in the
physical plant (tre MCT headquarters), security procedures, radiO communi-
cations, a telephone operators manual, Tip Sheets and the operation of a
Tip Room, computer programing, internal information systems, and sample
forms of various kinds.

1/ See Appendix? for the opInIon of the Attorney General of Michigan on

this aspect of assembling the task force.
 2

II. THE MAJOR CASE TEAM CONCEPT

Cooperative polrce arrangements to share or "pool" services of various

kinds are neither new nor unusual; neighboring police and sheriff's depart-
ments enter into such agreements regularly. The formation of a Major Case
Team, however, impl ies a good deal more than that. The term "Major Case"
denotes the main distinction; the purpose of forming such a team is to
deal with a serious crime problem, either a series of related or similar
crimes involving the same individual or group as perpetrators, or a single
crime of proportions that are impressive because of their enormity and the
accompanying effect on the general public. A team has the further advantage
of being able to apply a significant force of fully trained manpower that
has an excellent chance of solving the crime if it is able to go to work
Immediately. As for the "team" aspect, more than one polrce jurisdiction
must be involved, either because the crime crosses jurisdictional boundaries
or because the department having jurisdiction needs outside help in dealing
with the problem.
Other advantages of the team approach to a major case are readily
Identified. It provides an influx of trained, qualified investigators to
be concentrated against a particular crime problem, and by virtue of its
systematic approach to the problem it avoids the duplication of effort and
the organizational confusion that might ordinarily be part of such a situ-
ation. The disadvantages are less obvious and generally involve either
politics or money, or both. If the team effort is to be funded locally,
the division of expenses can be a source of trouble: e.g., one jurisdiction
may refuse to pay its share of the costs, or expenditures could get out of
hand, exhausting departmental overtime or emergency funds in short order.
The political side has to do with local pride and prestige, plus the questions
of who Is to be in charge, where headquarters are to be located, and whether
there are lingering residues of past grievances or old feuds between depart-
ments.
Typically, Major Case Teams are forced to deal with an immediately
pressing situation, and the resulting ad hoc arrangements and structuring
can be very wasteful of time and resource~ Such problems can be avoided
by making plans for the contingency and even providing training, so that
when the multijurisdiction team is formed, the problems it will face in
administration, procedure, and function will not be new and unfamiliar.
No one can be certain, of course, which jurisdictions will be working
together in a future team operation, but by providing for preoperational
organization, planning, and training, neig~boring jurisdictions can prepare
for the eventuality. Departments contemplating possible participation in
a Major Case Team should seek answers to the following questions:
• Do the participating agencies wish to formalize the
organization by giving it an official legal status?
• Should the organization have a formal charter?
 3

• Once the MeT is organized, should new members be accepted?

• If new members are to be accepted, how will this be

accOOlp I i shed?

• Should the organization have the authority to expel or

suspend a jurisdiction from membership?

• If expel ling or suspending a member is permitted, what

will the criteria be and It,hat are the appeal procedures,
if any?

• Should an officer be elected or appointed to make ma~age­

ment decisions or should there be a Board of Director~?
If the latter, how would they be selected?

• Who should have the authority to callout the participants

of the MeT?
• What are the criteria for a call-out of the MeT?
• How wi II decisions be made as to when to terminate the
MeT operation?

• What type of training is needed?

• How frequently should training be held, and how long
shou ld it las t?
How will officers be selected from each agency, and how
long will they participate? Until the operation is over?
Or will they be rotated onto the team for a specified period
of time?
 4

III. ORGANIZING THE MAJOR CASE TEAM

A cooperative effort such as a Major Case Team should have a solid

legal basis for existence. To that end, the participating departments
should prepare a joint memorandum of understanding or a joint powers agree-
ment which defines the team's objectives and goals as well as conmitments
of manpower, discusses levels and degrees of responsibility for funding,
agrees on management and control factors, and sets a maximum duration for
the team to function. Legal barriers to the team's operation would be
surfaced, and, if necessary, aid of the courts sought. If outside funding,
e.g., from the state criminal justice planning agency, will be necessary,
preparations for requesting a grant should be made. Contributions of
equipment in addition to manpower allocations should be arranged at this
time, before the team is physically set up.

Structu re

A Major Case Team should have a relatively simple structure that

provides an uncluttered command link and that separates investigative and
support duties. As shown in Figure 1, there are three organizational
entities: the Command Post, Field Operations, and Support Services.

The Command Post contains only the Commanding Officer, his aide, the
press officer, and necessary clerical help. Field Operations encompasses
the investigators, headed by a shift commander for each shift being run;
when more than eight investigators are used on a shift, they are divided
into crews with a crew leader in the chain of command. Also assigned to
Operations would be an evidence specialist, a laboratory liaison officer,
and, when needed, an investigative forensic support officer. Support
Services would have an Operation Center supervisor, a security officer, a
telephone room supervisor, a personnel and equipment officer, a Tip Room
supervisor, and whatever computer personnel are needed.

The fUnctions and personnel (including required traits and duties to

be assigned) for these groups are set forth in detail below.
The Command Post

The Command Post is the administrative headquarters for the task force
operation. It should be established in the geographical locale of the major
thrust of investigative effort, since closeness to the investigation site
reduces travel time and is easily accessible to potential informants. The
relative nearness is~ of course, dependent on the availability of suitable
facilities to house the operation. (See Appendix A for a description of
the key elements of headquarters location.)
----------- - ------
--------------
- ~--~---~-- ------ -- - --

Figure 1 - MCr Organizational Structure

COMMAND POST

Commanding Officer
Aide to Commander
Press Officer
C1e rk Ty pis t
-
f
I T
FIELD OPERATIONS SUPPORT SERVICES

Shift Commander a/
Crew Leader bl Operations Center Supervisor
Investigators cl Security Officer
Ev Idence Off i ce r Phone Room Supervisor
Laboratory Liaison Officer Personnel and Equipment OffIcer
Investigative Forensic Sup'por~ Tip Room Supervisor
Special Projects Officerfl Computer Support Personnel el

al If sufficient manpower is available to run two or three shifts, each should have a commander
assigned
bl When there are more than eight teams of investigators, each team should have a crew leader
cl As needed
dl As needed, probably not a permanent position
e/ As needed
fl As needed
 6

Personnel
The COOlfTIanding Officer should be the head of the law enforcement
agency that has jurisdiction and that requested the task force to respond.
The requesting officer may relinquish his command of the task force to
another officer with the agreement of the chiefs of other participating
law enforcement agencies. Should the investigation require participating
law enforcement agencies to 'investigate a crime outside their jurisdiction,
the Michigan State Police (or a similar organization, in other states) must
be requested to command and participate in the investigation.1!

The following traits should be possessed by the Commanding Officer:

• Be of command rank.
~ Have a comprehensive investigative background.

o Be capable of working in harmony with participating

agencies.
o Have, or be able to develop, a productive working
relationship with the prosecutor having jurisdiction.

• Have, or be capable of developing, trust and respect

of heads of other participating departments and of
MCT personne I.

The Commanding Officer will have the following duties:

• Absolute responsibi lity for supervision of all members of

the team (see Appendix 0 for description of a MeT handbook).

• Arrange for quartering of the MCT.

~ Provide equipment needed for the investigation, including
office supplies, reproduction, photography, vehicle
maintenance, fuel, and messing facilities.

Coordinate the use and maintenance of vehicles and

communications.

• Establish liaison with appropriate federal agencies,

enforcement jurIsdictions not participating, laboratories,
and private firms assisting.

• Make preparations needed to support planned MCT operations.

2/ Again, see Appendix F.

 7

• Provide investigators with appropriate identification.

• Maintain work records for pay and other administrative

purposes.

• Direct the focus of investigatton •

• ' Insure maintenance of investigative records.
e Support prosecution in preparation of case once the
suspect is charged.
• Mai~tain order and discipline among MCT participants
The Ai de to the Comnande r shou I d be a I aw enforcement off i cer wi th
experience in in~estigations and the organization of tactical operations.
The Aide to the Commander is the deputy or second in command and has
authority to act for the Commander when directed. The position should be
filled by an officl~r selected by the Commanding Officer.
The following traits should be possessed by tbe Aide to the COJmlander:
• A closely trusted working relationship with the Commanding
Off i cer.
A thorough understanding of toe MCT concept and operational
requirements.
Capability of maintainingworking relationships with all major
staff officers.

Duties of the Aide to the Commander are:

• Assist the Commanding Officer in the di.spatch of his duties.
• Supervise clerical support personnel in the Office of the
Commander.
• Assist in the preparation of written orders, briefings, and
other communications from the Office of the COJmlander.

• Schedule the C0m11andin5} Officer's time and assist in the

coordination of his appointments.
• Screen visitors and calls for the Commanding Officer.
• Act as the Field Operations Commander when more than one
shift is working.
The Press Officer should be a law enforcement officer who is not in-
vestigating the case. No press release will be made independently by the
 --~"'-,---------------~

Press Officer but will be made only with the approval of the Commanding
Officer. The Press Officer should organize press conferences at a location
other than the Command Post so that the press does not interfere with
operations.
When the press is not satisfied with official press releases and in-
sists on making "investigative inquiries" of the partidpating chiefs of
police, the Press Officer may elect to make releases through a chief who
is willing to represent the MeT or through the team's Commanding Officer.

Most investigations seeking the identity of a suspect are dependent

on leads provided by citizens to detectives. If the suspect is identified,
information on his location is still of great value. Unless the community
understands what the investigators are seeking, they will not be able to
provide responsive information. Professional journalists who are not
briefed officially may seek information independently. The results of the
journalistic inquiry may produce only partial information that if published
could reduce the efficiency of the investigation. For these reasons, the
Press Officer plays the crucial role of stimulating the community environ-
ment to support the investigation.

The following traits should be possessed by the Press Officer:

@ Have the trust of the Commanding Officer.

e Be credible to the press and public.

o Have experience in press interviews.

@ Have an in-depth understanding of the investigative

process being applied by the MeT.

The duties of the Press Officer are:

o Write, submit for approval, and release statements

to thE:; press concerning the investigation.

• Coordinate any press visits to the CormJand Post.

• Coordinate press support of investigations through

any press-supported "secret wi tness" programs.

Provide access to media photographs, films, or tapes

which may aid the investigation.
Field Operations

Field Operations is composed of the personnel who are charged with

•
the actual investigation and solution of the crime. The sIze of Field
Operations is dependent both on manpower resources available and the tn-
 9

vestigative task at hand. Should the force of investigators be greater

than eight investigators working on one shift, personnel should be divided
into crews of investigators with a crew leader. No crew should exceed
eight investigators, including the crew leader.
Field Operations is responsible for:
@ Receiving investigative leads.

• Soliciting investigative leads.

(/} Investigating leads.
G Collection of evidence.
e Conduct of interviews.
o Processing the crime scene.
Q Initiating and obtaining legal warrants.

e Identification, elimination, or arrest of suspects.

o Support of the prosecutor's office in case preparation.

Personnel
Field Operations is staffed by the following personnel:
o Shift Commander
c Crew Leader

• Investigators
In addition to the above personnel, there are several special duty
positions which may be assigned as an exclusive duty position or as an
extra duty:

• Evidence Officer
• Laboratory Liaison
• Investigative Forensic Support
• Special Projects Officer
The Shift Commander is the command officer in charge of one group of
investigators working the same segment of time. The shift may last either
8 or 12 hours, depending on the judgment of the Shift Commander, who is
 10

responsible for providing direction and control of the investigation. He

will report directly to the Commanding Officer.

The Shift Commander should possess the following traits:

• Be of supervisory or command rank.

o Be an experienced investigator.

o Be an experienced supervisor of investigators.

The Shift Commander will be responsible for:

• The conduct of the investigation by officers assigned to

his shift.

• The reports, both investigative and administrative, pro-

duced by his assigned investigators.

• Coordination of all support services requested by his

investigators, either within or outside the MeT staff.

• Briefing the Commanding Officer, the other shift

commanders, and appropriate support personnel such as the
prosecutor's office, regarding relevant activities occurring
during his tour of duty.

• Obtaining equipment needed to support investigators on his

sh i ft.

• Providing professional advice, guidance, and direction

to the investigators.

The Crew Leader is the supervisor responsible for a group of investi-

gators, not to exceed seven in number. The Crew Leader will make case
assignments, provide advice and direction, review reports, and report to
the Shift Commander.

The Crew Leader should possess the following traits:

e Be an experienced investigator.

• Be of supervisory rank.
The Crew Leader will perform the following duties:

I!' Receive instructions and guidance from the Shift Commander.

• Be responsible for receiving and assigning leads and tips

to the investigators he supervises.
 11

• Advise investigators on questions concerning the

conduct of the investigation.

• Coordinate with other crew leaders and his Shift

Commander on any information of mutual interest.

• Review and approve investigative and administrative

reports.

Coordinate with the Shift Commander any requests or

identified needs for support of the investigation.

• Be responsible for work schedules of investigators

assigned to his crew.

Work as an investigator with a partner when not

performing supervisory duties.

Each Investigator is a sworn officer assigned to partici?ate in the

investigation (he is thus present for duty with the knowledge and approval
of his department or parent organization).

The Investigator should possess the following traits:

Be a sworn officer having jurisdiction (in Michigan
investigators working for the County Prosecutor are
not sworn officers but nonetheless can be included
in the MeT as investigators).
9 Be a knowledgeable investigator.

The Investigator will perform the following duties:

• Work as one investigator of a two-man team.

• Complete assignments received from his Crew Leader

with appropriate report documentation.

• Provide the Crew Leader with all administrative

reports requested.

• Keep the Crew Leader advised of an)' significant

events concerning the investigation.

o Regardless of rank will subordinate himself to his

ass i gned Crew leader •
. Support Ou ties
The following duties are necessary for efficient support of the MCT
investigations field operation. The duties may be assigned to an individual
 12

as his only duty or given to an individual as an extra duty. The decision

to assign them is a management decision based on the estimated time commit-
ment for each of the support duties.
The Evidence Officer is responsible for personally receIvIng and admin-
istratively processing physical evidence for submission. The duty reduces
the number of officers who may be subpoenaed for court testimony on
evidence; it also improves the planned chain of custody to strengthen the
weight or admissibility of physical evidence.
The Evidence Officer should posses the following traits:
I) Have a thorough knowledge of procedures for administratively
submitting evidence.
~ Have a thorough knowledge of legal rules of evidence in the
jurisdiction where he is working.
• Have a background of experience in courtroom testimony in-
volving cross-examination on evidence rules.
The Evidence Officer will perform the following duties:

~ Accompany any MCT officer in the execution of search

warrants.

~ Receive in the field possible physical evidence for

administrative processing and submission as evidence.

• Notify his agency prior to acceptance of the duty of

the expected requirement of extended court appearances as
the result of the duty.

• Coordinate knowledge of evidence with the Shi'ft Commander

and Laboratory Liaison Officer.

• Be on call during the MCT operation and ready to respond

to the scene of evidence collection activities.
• Prepare all police reports to document the collection of
evidence for court.

The Laboratory Liaison Officer will carry out liaison between any
agency providing forensic laboratory support to analyze physical evidence
and the MCT Commander. This duty will provide coordinated and timely
Information to the Commanding Officer r.oncerning the results of analysis
of physical evidence submitted for testing.
 13

The laboratory liaison Officer should possess the following traits:

• Have a knowledge of laboratory procedures and an under-

standing of terminology frequently used.

• Have a working relationship, or the capability of developing

a working relationship, with laboratory and coroner's
personne 1.
The laboratory liaison Officer will perform the following duties:
o Be familiar with all items of evidence submitted for
analysis.
e Have frequent contact with the office performing analysis
on evidence in order to audit progress of analysis.
$ Be responsible for inclusion of laboratory reports in the
report of investigation of the crime.
Investigative Forensic Support describes a group of professional
specialists who are not required to be part of MCT permanent personnel.
These specialists will, however, be available to the team on an on-call
basis during the duration of the operation.
This Identified group should cover but not be limited to:
8 Photography

• Polygraph
• Crime scene search
• Coroner or Forensic Pathologist
The Special Projects Officer will initiate and complete special pro-
Jects as assigned by the Commanding Officer.
The Special Projects Officer should possess the following traits:

• Have the absolute trust of the Commanding Officer.

4\) Be self-directed and capable of work with no supe.rvision.

• Be capable of organizing and writing reports for the

Commanding Officer.
• Have an extremely good educational background and a
functional research capability.
 The Special Projects Officer wfli perform the following tasks:
• Research assigned topics for presentation to the Commanding
Officer.
• Maint,ain information and fi les as assigned by the Commanding
Officer.
• Identify occupational or special interest groups which may aid
In the Investigation and coordinate their support activities.
Examples of various special projects that were assigned as part of
the Oakland County Special Task Force are included as Appendix J.

Support Services
The Support Services unit provides the MCT operation with logistical
and administrative support so that the bulk of the team!s manpower
re~ources and time can be committed to the investigation. Following are
descriptions of typical Support Services activities.
The Operations Center supports the MeT operation by receIvIng and
processing incoming calls from citizens desiring to provide information
as well as calls of an administrative nature. Additionally, the Operations
Center provides security for the facility.
The Operations Center should be located away from noisy activities like
the assembly room, Commander's office, radio communications room, or
reproduction machines. It is imperative that persons answering phones be
provided an environment relatively free from distractions.
Personnel of the Operations Center should be screened and limited to
volunteers whose background is known or to responsible professionals. The
center should make maximum use of volunteers in order to reduce utilization
of sworn officers in a support role.
The Operations Center Commander should be a sworn officer who has a
background in investigations and can organize and work well with civilian
vo 1untee rs.
The Security Officer should be a sworn officer, either auxiliary or
regular. He should be courteous and capable of polite but firm responses
to citizens and press and should be capable of quickly learning how to
install simple electrical equipment.
Phone operators should be volunteers, preferably family or close friends
of officers or off-duty telephone operators. The reason for desiring this
degree of familiarity is the extreme sensitivity of the information pro-
vided the MCT by citizens. The compromise of the information could destroy
public confidence in the team permanently, while the disclosure of sensitive
 lS

personal information and the identity of the person reporting it could

cause harm to come to the reporting party.

Activity
Proper building security is necessary to provide an unhampered work
environment for investigators and support personnel and to prevent press
and other unauthorized personnel from gaining access to sensitive documents.
The building should also be properly secured during those times that it is
unoccupied.
Access to the MCT operation should be limited to as few entry ways as
possible. An ideal situation is to reduce entrances to one and to employ
a positive system for identification of persons entering the site (Appendix
B out lines a security system utilizing identification badges).
During unoccupied periods, the MCT headquarters should be secured and
protected by an alarm system against fire or intrusion. (Appendix B
describes an alarm and building security system.)
In addition to the above duties, the acquisition of fire extinguish-
ing equipment and appropriate marking of exits is the responsibi lity of
the Security Office.
The Phone Operations unit is necessary to provide telephone support
to the MCT operation. The operation may have a considerable level of
public interest, and when an appeal has been made for public assistance
in the investigation, many calls will be received.
Phone operations are designed to receive those calls and, when appro-
priate, complete the required paperwork so that the reported "tipll can
be investigated. (The actual procedure for completion of a tip sheet and
the administration of the form is contained in Appendix E.)

The phone operations room requires that a manual be provided to in-

struct phone operators in the proper discharge of their duties. Such a
manual is a must, sincevolunteerswill change frequently and oral briefings
may not be remembered in full detail. The manual should be divided into
two sections, one dealing with permanent operations policy and the other
with special instructions of a temporary nature. (A sample telephone
operator's manual is included as Appendix C.)

An automatic telephone answering and message recording machine should

be provided so that persons call ing the "tip I ine" during hours when the
Operations Center is not manned will have an opportunity to leave a
message. If possible, additional recording instruments should be pur-
chased to record all conversations on tip lines. The length of time
tapes will be stored is a decision to be made by the MCT participants.
 !6

The Tip Room supports MeT operations by receiving tip sheets that
create a record of the tip and by forwarding the tip to the appropriate
command personnel. The Tip Room is also the repository for the report of
the subsequent investigation conducted by the team1s investigators. The
Tip Room should be in a securable location separate from any other
activity. Since it contains the physical record of the investigation, it
should be protected against intrusion during off-duty hours and against
fire. There should be only one entry way to the Tip Room, which should
be off limits to all personnel except for assigned workers and command
officers having business there.
Personnel of the Tip Room should be sworn officers and currently
employed law enforcement records clerks. The Tip Room Supervisor will
have decision-making influence in assigning priorities to newly received
tip information and responsibility for coordinating information that will
assist the field shift commanders in the efficient assignment of tips to
be worked. The Tip RoomSupervisorshould be a sworn officer of supervisory
or command rank who is an experienced investigator. Clerical records
support personnel should be regular law enforcement employees so that
their access to thesensitive information is unqu~stioned and so that they
will be subject to the same disciplinary procedures as the rest of the
team. Additionally, clerical records personnel will be familiar with
records filing procedures.
Administration of tip sheets is performed in the Tip Room, whose
supervisor reads tip sheets as they are submitted from the Operations
Center and assigns a priority to them. The priority designates the
urgency or importance to be reflected in the order of investigations
assignment. That is, high priority tips will be investigated at once,
medium priority as soon as possible, and low priority when investigative
time is available The Tip Room will order by priority of case, geographical
location, enforcement jurisdiction, and special areas of interest the tips
to be assigned so that shift commanders can more easily assign them. Tips
that have been worked will then be returned to the tip room for filing.
(Appendix E contains a complete description of the administration and use
of the tip sheet.)
Reviewing mai 1 is another duty of the Tip Room Supervisor, since major
case investigations frequently bring in large amounts of mail from citizens
offering theories or information. The mai 1 should be reviewed and when
information it contains is regarded as a clue, a tip sheet will be ~om­
pleted on the basis of the letter. Mail not deserving assignment of a tip
sheet wi 11 be indexed on a tip sheet for the record in order to index
the sender's name. The letters wi 11 be fi led for reference. (This pro-
cedure is outlined in Appendix E.)

Review of the quality of reports submitted on tips investigated is

also the re:ponsibility of the Tip Room Supervispr. Although the investi-
gated tip WIll be returned to the Shift Commander for his review and
comments, the Tip Room Supervisorwill perform~) report review function for
 17
quality of the investigator's report.
Liaison will be required with law enforcement agencies providing
reports of similar crimes, identical MO or other suspect information.
This liaison activity wi I I be performed by the Tip Room Supervisor, as he
has the time and access to records to effectively evaluate the information.
Maintenance of all case records and other case-related documents is
the responsibility of the Tip Room Supervisor. The personnel assigned to
the MCT will be instructed not to throwaway any documents, including
notes that relate to the case. The Tip Room Supervisor will daily collect
all scrap paper by activity area and store the documents in marked con-
ta i ne rs.
The Personnel and Equipment Officer supports MCT operations by admin-
istering pay records of all employed members of the team and providing
each jurisdiction with the needed records for pay purposes. Additionally,
this officer maintains an inventory of all equipment used in the investi-
gation and procures additional needed equipment at the request of the
Commanding Officer. The Personnel and Equipment Offic~!' should be a sworn
officer who is experienced in administration of personnel records and who
has an understanding of inventory procedures.
His duties include the following:
o Provide administrative support of all MCT personnel records
of attendance for work.
g Provide participating agencies with appropriate records of
work for pay purposes,
e Prepare inventory of all equipment.
~ Account for issue and return at the termination of the
operation of all issued equipment.
• At the direction of the Commanding Officer, procure needed
equipment.
• Appoint a building caretaker who will be responsible for
coordination of heating, electric powe.r, air conditioning,
plumbing, and janitor services.

Addftional Duty Assignments

In MCToperations conducted on a smaller scale, it may be necessary
to assign some of the subordinate supervisory positions or responsibilities
to major office incumbents. The following major offices lend themselves
to the additional duty marked with an X in the across columns, as shown
belC1il. The extra duty assignment depends the size of the MCT operation
 18

and the aval i 1ab i 1 f ty of pe rsonne 1 to occupy the add it i ona 1 duty pos it i ens.
,
MAJOR OFFI CE.
ADDITIONAL Commanding Aide to Operations Center Shift
DUTY Offi cer Commander Corrrnan de r Commande
Tip Room Supervisor X X X

Press Off i Ct~ r X X X

Crew Leader X X

Phone Room Supervisor X X

Evi dence Offi cer x

laboratory Liaison Offi ce r x x x x
Pe rsonne 1 and Equ.ipment Offi cer X X X X

Securi ty Offi cer X X X

Speci a 1 ProJects Off ice r X X

_1
WI'
 19

IV. EVALUATING THE OPERATION

Part of the purpose of keeping complete records and other data derived
from the case is their potential use in the postoperational evaluation,
which normally will be in the form of a written report from the team's
Commanding Officer. Whether- or not the MeT has been successful in its
investigative goals, the results of the operation must also be analyzed
In terms of tips received, man-hours of investigation, persons interviewed,
and leads followed. Problem areas that developed should be identifi~d
and causes for them attributed; suggestions for a more effective operation
will be helpful when and if the team is reconstituted or when additional
training is undertaken. The State criminal justice planning agency will
receive a copy of the evaluation report {as will the heads of all partici-
pating police agencies} and will be responsible for putting suggested
changes into effect when an MCT is as~in mobilized in the state.
The Prosecutor's Offic~, which will probably have been closely watching
the conduct of the MeT operation, should havea major input to the evaluation.
Statements from all major officers should be inclu~ed and should cover not
only Investigative and headquarters operat'ions but such significant facets
as press relations, community reactions, and interjurisdictional cooperation
as well. State planning agency views should also be solicited.
 20

APPENDIX A

Headquarters Physical Plant

Although the actual investigation will take place throughout the

community or communities involved, the selection of a headquarters location
has a large Impact on the effective and efficient conduct of the investi-
gation. Selection must, therefore, be made after careful consideration
of these factors:
Geographical Compatability - The headquarters site should be a reason-
able distance from the major geographical focus of the investigation
in terms of travel time. Other co~siderations with regard to travel
time are the location of the lot on \'ihich pol ice vehicles are stored
and the closeness of the fueling facility.
Size - The facility should be capable of furnishin8 separate locations
1Q"j="'""tip room, computer room, commanding officer, interview rooms,
telephone room, and operations center. Additionally, the facility
should have a room large enough for briefings of the total complement
of investigators.
Parkin~ - The headquarters should have an abundance of parking space
with easy access.
Security - Both location (isolated or in town) and ability of the
Security Officer to make the building secure are important (size,
number of entrances and windows, and adaptability to alarm systems
are key factors).
Many police agencies currently have a facility which could be easily
converted to a headquarters for a multiple-jurisdiction Major Case Team.
Departments electing to utilize their police facilities are cautioned to
separate MCT operations from routine police activity. In addition, in
some situations involving local politics a neutral headquarters not located
in a police department building will serve to avoid close identification
of the MCT with a particular department or agency.
Tip Room - This room should be the most securable. Easy access from
unprotected areas should be reduced by site selection to preclude
the need fo" extravagant physical security measures. The room should
have one access or have the capability of reducing the regular access
points to one. The room should be large enough to store all records
and tips used in the investigation as well as to provide a work area
for clerks and the tip room supervisor.
Computer Room - The room should also be securable and have adequate
electrical outlets. The room should be of sufficient size to accommodate
 21

needed equipment, accompanying files, and data entry clerks.

Commanding Officer - He should have an office not too close to the
entrance of the MeT building. If his office is close to the entrance,
persons reporting for duty or seeking Information will stop there.
Interview Room - This should be quiet and meet the requirements of
regular interview conditions, away from the phone room, operations
center, or investigative assembly and briefing areas.
Phone Room - Should be of sufficient size to allON operators' work
space and a seating distance adequate to reduce noise interference
between operators.
Operations Center - Should be near the entrance so that it can screen
persons entering the building. The Operations Center should also be
large enough to provide a facility for radio and dispatch equipment.
Briefing or Assembly Room - Should be large enough to accommodate
a seated briefing for all investigators involved in the investigation.
Lavatory - Adequate facilities for both men and women should be pro-
vided.
Jurisdictions contemplating an MCT operation should formulate a plan
to identify an adequate headquarters site and a potential alternate. Also
advance contact should be made with the telephone company servicing those
Jurisdictions. There may be some buildings or areas of the communities
involved that are easier than others for the telephone company to install
needed lines promptly.
The follONing facilities are listed to provide examples of possible
headquarters:
Q Police or fire training academies
• Abandoned schools (public or private)
• University or college campus buildings not in use
~ Lodge or fraternal organization halls
o Church or Sunday sch~ol buildings
o American Legion or V.F.W. halls
o National Guard or reserve armories

• City auditoriums
o Fire s ta t i on s
 22

Once a Jurisdiction has selected a headquarters location, the plan for

occupancy should include furnitwre, typewriters, forms, and other needed
office supply support. The plan should be reviewed annually for continued
relevancy.
Because lof the MCT' s investrr.cnt in equipment, adequate fire, theft, and
general comprehensive Insurance should be taken out on the building and its
equipment for the duration of the teamls activities. Insurance coverage of
the personnel should also be examined to determine if their accident and
liability insurance covers them when they are assigned to a joint operation
such as the MCT.
1

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 24

APPENDIX B

Security of Personnel and Building

PERSONNEL

During the conduct of a mUltiple-jurisdiction Major Case Team investi-

gation, the investigation will be supported by numerous individuals who
are not known to each other. Upon implementation of an MCT, there is a
natural sense of urgency and an accompanying flurry of activity by persons
reporting to the headquarters either on assignment or as volunteers.

A personnel security program utilizing forms similar to those that

follow should be implemented to provide the following support:
o Provide administration with a roster of persons participating
for pay and accountability purposes.
o Provide a unique identification number to be used on all MCT
reports of investigation and administrative reports.

e Provide a positive visual identification of status of persohs

in the MCT headquarters.

o Provide investigators with a unique MCT identification to

present with their own jurisdiction-issued credentials.

• Provide administrators with a photo record of participants.

m Provide a quick records access to needed contact information,
t.e., addresses, home phone, etc.

e Provide a positive screen of persons having access to sensitivp.

info rma t i on.

The MCT operations should be supported by a photo badge maker. There

should be two photos taken, one for use by the participants to be worn on
the exterior of clothing while in the MCT headquarters and the second to
go to the Personnel Officer for filing.

The background for the badge photo should be color coded to represent
work status:

• Sworn Officer, Command

• Sworn Officer, Supervisor

• Sworn Officer
., Ci v i 1 ian
 25

• Civi lian Volunteer

• Distinguished Visitor

There should be numerous badges made with no picture for temporary visits
by persons who are not staff or permanent observers. These badges should
be color coded to distinguish between sworn visitors and visitors.

The purpose of the color coding is to provide immediate recognitio~

of the status of each individual. It may be that an agency Chief of' Police
could be an investigator on the MCT working for a sergeant. The color coded
badges reduce confu~ion of titles carried by members assisting in the in-
vestigation.

The Security Officer for the MCT operation should provide for a sworn
officer to greet all persons entering the team's building. Those persons
who have been processed and register.ed will display their MCT badges;
persons who have not been processed and are reporting for permanent duty
will be processed for a badge. Other persons who are visitors will be
provided with a visitor's badge and required to sign in with the Security
Officer (see Register Form, following). When leaving the MGT area, visitors
will return their badges and sign out.

PHYSICAL PLANT

An MeT headquarters cannot always be established in a facility which

lends itself to positive security without supplementing the existing
securIty features. The conduct of an MGT operation will attract a great
deal of attention from the media, and the result could be probes by the
curious, mentally ill, or the suspect into building anrl particularly the
recor(;s of the MCT.
The headquarters is sensitive because the loss of records or the
exposure of information pertaining to the investigation could cause a legal
compromise or create an atmosphere of distrust by witnesses, potential
witnesses, or informants. It is, therefore, of great importance that the
MCT records be protected from an intruder or fire.
Once the headquarters site is selected, the Security Officer should
conduct a survey of the facility to estimate the vulnerability of the site
and the state of repair of existing security features.

The Security Officer should initiate repair, if needed, to existing

security features and initiate hardening of vulnerable areas of the building.
The Security Officer should also change all locks on access doors and
initiate a positive key control program.

The Security Officer should prepare and maintain a lock check log to
record person and time of check when the site is closed till the next work
assignment arrives.
 26

.MCT ASSIGNED PERSONNEL

MCT - LD. #

Narne: ________________________________________ Date of Birth:

Agency: _____________________________________
----------------------
SSN: ________________________________

position with Agency: Business Phone:

---------------------- ---------------------
Immediate Supervisor: Home Phone:
------------------------ -----------------------------
Home Address:
----------------------------
City: _________________State: ___________Zip: ______________

MCT ASSIGNMENT

Position: Duty Hour s : __________________________....,

--~--------------------------------
Date of Assignment: __________________________ Date of Status Change: ~
Status Change to: ____________________________

Position: Duty Hours: ____________________________

------------------------------------
Date of Assignment: __________________________ Date of Status Change:
Status Change to: ____________________________ ------------------

position: Duty Hours:~--~.----------------------­

-----------------------------------
Date of Assignment: ___________________________ Date of Status Change:
Status Change to: ------------------

Position: Duty Hours:~--~-----------------------­

------------------------------------
Date of Assignment: __________________________ Date of Status Change:
Status Change to: ____________________________ ------------------

Position: Duty Hours: _____________________________

------------------,------------------
Date of Assignment: __________________________ Date of Status Change:
Status Change to: ____________________________ ---------------
 27

CIVILIAN VOLUNTEER

MeT - 1.0. #
------------------
Name: Date of Birth:
-------------------------------------------- --------------------
Maiden Name:
------------------------------------
Name if previously married:
----------------------
Home Address: Home Phone:
------------------------------------- ------------------------
City: __________________________state: ______________________ ~Zip: ______________________

Business occupation

Name of Business: Business Phone:

Address of Business:--------------------------------- ----------
City: ------------------------------
state: Zip:
Name of Immediate Supervisor: --------------------~ -----------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
References

Name: Occupation:
---------------------------------------------- ------------------------
Relationship to Applicant: ___________________________~-----------------------------
Business Address: Business Phone:
City: ----------------------------------
State: Zip: ---------------------
---------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------
Name:~--~~------~~----------.------------------ Occupation: _________________________
Relationship to Applicant: ____________________________~----__--__--__----__------------
Business Address: Business Phone:
City: ________________________ ______________________
----------------~---------------
~state: -------------------
______________________
~Zip:

-------------~---------------------------------------- -------------------------------
M~ Assignment

Position: Duty Hours: ________________________

-----------------------------------------
Date of Assignment: Date of Status Change: ____________
-------------------------------
Status Change to: _________________________________

Position: Duty Hours: ________________________

-------------------------------------------
Date of Assignment: ________________________________ Date of Status Change: ____________
Status Change to: ________________________________
 28

BUILDING SECURITY REGISTER

Date:

Security Badge Security

.Officer Name No. In out Officer
 29

If contract janitorial service is utilized during non-duty hours, the

Security Officer is responsible for their supervision and control as it
relates to access to sensitive material.

The Security Officer is responsible for inspection of the building's

fire extinguishing equipment, a fire plan, an evacuation plan, and posting
of fire department phone numbers conspicuously in each room.

Should the physical plant not lend itself to security because of archi-
tectural problems or the sharing of a facility with another operation, the
MCT Commanding Officer may elect to supplement the security with an alarm
system. Depending on the avai lability of funds, this may be done by con-
tracting with an alarm company or by purchasing a radio-activated alarm
system. There are numerous dependable portable alarm systems which may be
purchased by the law enforcement agency that lend themselves to building
security with the employment of the appropriate sensors. The ideal system
is one utilizing both intrusion and fire detection sensors. The Security
Officer is responsible for an alarm response plan and the provision of a
call list of MCT personnel to respond with a key for a building search.
 30

APPENDIX C

Telephone Operator's Guide

The conduct of a multiple-jurisdiction major case could be completely

dependent on information obtained from citizen informants. T0 reduce the
possibility of lost messages and uncoordinated response, a single number
for MeT tips should be established and continually publicized.

Selection and training of persons answering these telephones is

important to the effective and efficient conduct of the investigation.
The telephone clerk is exposed in such a sensitive position that a manual
of operations should be provided. Telephone clerks may be volunteers, but
professional telephone operators are a frequently called upon trained re-
source. Many work split shifts and will arrive at all hours; others are
housewives and auxiliary or reserve police. Because of the unplanned and
indivfdual arrivals, the phone room supervisor would be continually
briefing arrivals. Regardless of the thoroughness of the briefing, the
telephone clerk would miss some points. It is therefore necessary to
provide each telephone clerk with a written manual of instructions.

The manual should be divided into two sections: Operational Procedures

and Special Instructions. The Op~rational Procedures should be permanent
instructions defining job activity. The Special Instructions should be
information needed by telephone clerks on a daily basis.

The Operational Procedures should be agreed upon prior to imple-

mentation of the team and prepared for issue upon activation. Points
that should be covered are:

• Operation of the telephone equipment.

o How to answer the phone.

o How to complete necessary forms.

o Responsibilities of major MeT components and their phone

numbers.

o How to take administrative messages.

• Information on rewards for clues.

• How to handle confessions.

_ How to handle obscene calls

• How to handle callers who are reluctant to provide

information.
 31

• How to handle inquiries from the media •

The manual should also explain the need for discretion and secrecy
concerning information received. The appropriate state law should be
quoted so that the telephone clerk clearly understands the leg~l aspects
of compromising the investigation through unauthorized release 0f infor-
mation.

The Special Instructions should be updated as needed by the Phone Room

Supervisor. The update may include any message that should be communicated
to the telephone clerks. Examples are:

• Messages from investigators expecting calls.

o Identity of mental iy ill persons who routinely call to

confess or provide information.

Names of persons or places that have particular significance

to the investigation.

Each telephone clerk assuming du<ty should be issued a complete manual.

Each telephone clerk could be provided with a notepad fed from a roller,
and these notes would be given to the Phone Room Supervisor at the end of
the tour of duty. The Phone Room Supervisor will store the notes by date,
and when investigators ask for details from persons taking a tip, the notes
may aid the telephone clerk in remembering the conversation.

The Phone Room Supervisor could also acquire a 3D-minute tape, self
erasing, for each phone in the phone room. If that capability cannot be
obtained, each phone should have immedi,ate access to a manually activ9ted
tape recorder to record calls which are defined in the Operations Manual
as being significant.
A third suggestion to the Phone Room Supervisor is to provide the
telephone clerks with a break room. Since the phone room must be kept quiet
and free of personal conversations, the break room will provide a place to
vent personal needs to talk.
 32

APPENDIX D

Major Case Team Handboo~

Multiple-jurisdiction Major Case Teams are by definition composed of

officers from different jurisdictions, and each officer assigned comes
from a different administrative environment. In order to provide effective
control of the MeT operation, a single MCT administrative handbook must be
adopted and issued to each participant early in the team1s development.

Such a handbook should be divided into four sections: Organization

and Administration; General Orders; Special Orders; and Procedural Instructions.

Organization and Administration

Describing the statutory authority of the MCT.this section includes

legal agreements between participating jurisdictions and citations of
appropriate state statutes. The proposed MCT chain of command and organi-
ation should be outlined, each job title defined, job qualifications
described, and duties and responsibilities listed. To be included in this
section is a description of how and under \'Ihat circumstances a Major Case
Team could be initiated, along with how and under what circumstances the
MCT could be terminated. This section should also list the Rules of
Conduct, which outline the behavior expected of all members of the MeT.

General Orders

General Orders are written communications issued for the purpose of

announcing the adoption of revision of policy or procedure applicable
throughout the team.

These General Orders will remain unchanged from operation to operation

unless rescinded or superseded; they should be approved by all participating
juri sdi ct ions.

Special Orders

Special Orders are written communications issued for the purpose of

announcing policy or procedure in regard to a specific circumstance or
event, or policies or procedures that are self-cancelling or of a temporary
nature, or which have applicability only to a specific segment or activity
of the MeT operation.

Special Orders should be issued by the MeT Commanding Officer for the
purpose of providing specific direction to the operation.
Procedural Instructions

Procedural Instructions are written communications issued for the pur-

pose of providing detailed procedures to be follawed to accomplish a major
 33

task or carry out MCT policy. Procedural Instructions should be written

and approved by all of the jurisdictions participating in the major crime
team. The MCT Commanding Officer, however, may arbitrarily change a
Procedur~l Instruction to accommodate a special situation encountered
during £n operation.
Jurisdictions willing to participate in an MCT operation should pre-
plan and, prior to implementation, assemble Major Case Team handbooks.
Each member, sworn or civilian, should be issued a book, and the
participdting jurisdictions may ask each member to sign a statement of under-
standing of its contents. The handbook may be used as the focus of train-
ing for members during regularly scheduled MCT trainillg exercises.
 34

APPENDIX E

Tip Room Op~rations

The conduct of an efficient and effective MeT investigation is depen-

dent on the information flow from informants to investigators and the con-
trol therafter of the quality of the investigation. The utilization of a
Tip Sheet system as instituted by the Michigan State Police provides the
string of continuity and control needed in an investigation ot magnitude.
This appendix is adescription of the use of the Michigan State Police Tip
Sheet Form 00-27 (Rev. 8-73). This appendix does not, however, follow
exactly the recommended procedures for form format, completion, and
dis t rib uti on .

Initiation of Tip Sheet

Tip sheets are initiated when information is received concerning the

investigation from a citizen, another law enforcement agency, or any new
~ead developed as a result of work on a current lead. The person complet-
ing the tip sheet will enter information as described by referencing the
number appearing in the appropriate blank of the sample tip sheet attached.
 00·27 (Rev. 8·73) 35

White -MASTER PRIORITY EVALUATION

Vellow-WORKSHEET
Card -FILE
;z,7
-Low I !
0 '1 Medium High
SUBJECT TIP NO.' '" INFORMANT TIP NO.
Name:Last First Middle Nalne:Last First Middle
I /9
Addre~s City Address City
;L dlO
Direction to Locate (Hangouts, girlfriends, etc.) Can be Contaet2d At
.3 ;2../
Born Ht. Wt. I..,
Eyes
l~ir
.y S" ~ ~

tlr:'
Veh. Make
19Works
Style
/0
Color
//
City
/.;2...
Lie. No.
/3
Occupation
Home Phone
')'dl....
Inform~nt was Contacted At
l;t3 one

/</
HomePhor:e ',o;e;hone
/S'" ;2'1
lL~
Associates
/<1 ."
iNFORMATION REFEI~ENCE SUBJECT Yes No Yes No Yes No
)..1 Criminal Flecord Obtained (1B) ..0 0 Sex Motivated Crin·p File Check 0 0 Handwriting Specimen Obtained 0 0
Record Section Checked ...... 0 0 Intelligence Check .. , •• , ..• 0 0 Hair Specimen Obtained .. .
0 ~
0
Photo Available ............ 0 0 Operator's License Check ., .. 0 0 Written Statement Obtained •• 0 0
LEIN Checked, ..•.••••• , .•. 0 0 Fingerprints Obtained .••••.• 0 0 Recorded St~tement Obtained. 0 0
Gun File Check ............ 0 0 Palmprints Obtained ••.•...• 0 0 Updated Photo Obtained .... 0 0
~

DETAILS OF TIP
;"S

·M-:r..
REPORT

;3/

•
,
Received by
;ZIP
Ollte Time
~Ubject~CI""d
Assigned to Date Time

BD
Analyzed/Closed by
34
"- Date r
. " Subject Cleared by:

0 Witnesses 0 Was Working o Polygraph

 36

1. Print last name, first name, and middle Aame of person who is
the subject of the tip. If the subject of the tip is known by
an alias or nickname, indicate that it is an alias or AKA in the
name field. If the subject is; female, indicate a Miss or Mrs.,
if known.

2. Print room number, apartment number, trailer space number, rural

route number, then street number and name with appropriate
designation of court, circle, drive, street, boulevard, etc.
Print city and state.

3. Print any information that may assist the investigator in

locating the subject. List only information obtained from
informant, not personal conjecture or logical inferen~e.

4. Print date of birth, month, day, and year. If no exact date of

birth is known, print approximate or estimated age with the
abbreviation yrs. after the number.
'.
5. Print subject's height in feet and inches. After the number of
feet abbreviate ft. and after the number of inches abbreviate in.
For estimates print EST.

6. Print subject's weight in pounds and after the number abbreviate

lbs. For estimates print EST.

7. Print colQr of eyes in full.

8. Print color of hair, if known, in full. If subject wears a

wig, print wig. If subject is predominantly bald, list hair
color as bald.

9. Print the manufacturer's trade name--Chevrolet, Buick, Ford, etc.

10. Print the name given to the vehicle by the manufacturer--Impala,

Cutlass, LTD, etc. If the vehicle is a van~ pickup, 4-wheel
recreational vehicle or other vehicle whose manufacturer's name
is not commonly known, print the style name and describe the
class of vehicle, van, pickup, panel truck, etc.

11. Print color of vehicle; do not abbreviate. When vehicle has two
colors, print color on top first, then print bottom color,
separated by a slant line (e.g., white/black). If the vehicle
hz,s a unique color scheme, design, or writing, indicate ill item
25 Details of Tip section. Should the vehicle have damage or
unique identifying accessories, indicate them in item 25.

12. Print the estimated or known year of the vehicle make. If the
year is an estimate, follow number by EST.
 37

13. Print abbreviation for state, then the license number. If the
state is unknown. print UNK. If the license number is a
partial license number print PART. If the state is unknown,
but the informant remembers the color scheme) indicate in item
25.
14. Print employer of subject by company name or description of work
activity location, including city.

15. Print occupation of subject. If subject has more than or,e

occupation, include others in item 25.

16. Print area code and number of telephone at location where

subject resides.

17. Print area code and number of telephone at location other than
residence where subject may be called. Print the type of
location, bar, friend's house, or work. If blank is not large
enough, use item 25.

18. Print name, age, race) sex, and other descriptors of associates
of the subject. If no specific personal descriptors are avail-
able, but occupation and geographical area of contact are known,
include in associates blank.

19. Print last name, first name, middle name of person calling or
providing the information. If informant refused to be identified,
print sex, race if speech indicates, and approximate age. If
contacted in person, write physical description. If informant
is a confidential informant, indicate on tip, and in space 21
indicate officer who works the informant. If tip comes from a
"secret witness" program, put the code in the blank 19 and in
blank 21 indicate "secret witness."

20. Print room n~~ber, apartment number, trailer space number, rural
route number, then street number and name with the appropriate
designation of court, circle, drive, street, boulevard, etc.
Print city and state.
21. Ask informant where he or she would prefer to be contacted. Use
that location or if the informant wishes to be called for an
appointment, so indicate.

22. Print the area code and home phone number.

23. Print the area code and business phone number including name of
business.

24. Print location of informclnt contact or phone call to whf,lt agency.

• If the informant is an official of a criminal justice agency,

write agency name in this block.
 38

25. Print details of the tip. The details should be complete

as possible. If more space is needed, continue into report
blank. If a recording is made of phone tip, so indicate in
this space.

26. Print name and agency of the person receiving the tip if other
than the MCT. Print the date and time the tip was received.

Once the above-'listed blanks are completed, the tip is kept at the
phone position by the phone clerk for pickup by the Phone Room Supervisor
or his representative. If the tip is of an obviously urgent priority,
follow procedures described in the telephone clerk's manual for the admin-
istration and distribution of th~ tip.

Tips will be periodically collected by the Phone Room Supervisor and

transported to the Tip Room to the Tip Room Supervisor.

The Tip Room Supervisor will read each tip and assign a priority in
blank ~7. Once a priority has been assigned, the tip is assigned a Tip
Number ln blank 28. The Tip Number will only be assigned in the Tip Room.
The number may come from a list of numbers or a number stamp machine.

The tip wi 11 then be processed by Tip Room persc.mne 1 who wi 11 conduct

file checks of persons and property or evidence submitted in the tip. The
appropriate blank will be checked for file checks conducted in blank 29.
The tip "d 11 then be placed in a fi Ie to be collected by the appropriate
investigations supervisor for case assignment. The Tip Room will order the
tips for assignment as directed by the Commanding Officer. In most cases,
tips will be collated by geographical area of tip.

The investigations supervisor will give the investigator the whit or

original copy and return the yellow and card copy to the Tip Room.

The ye 11 GlVJ copy will be f i 1ed nume rica 11 y by tip numbe r in an i nves t i-
gation pending fi Ie. The investigation pending file is used by the investi-
gation~ s~pervisor to aid in case management.

The hard copy card wi 11 be filed in an alphabetical file by name of

subject. This fi Ie will be used as a check to reduce duplication in the
investigation and to cross ip'd~y' the informant.

Once the investigator has completed his investigation, he wi 11 complete

item 31 on the tip sheet. The investigator will outline his activity in the
gather of information, successful or unsuccessful. The tip sheet will then
be submitted to his investigations supervisor.

The investigations supervisor wi 11 review the report in item 31 and

determine if the investigation clears the subject. If the subject is not
cleared, and there is a probability that the continued investigation would
 39

clear the subject, the investigation will be returned to the investigator

or be reassigned. If the continued investigation would not reveal facts
clearing the subject, the inv~stigations supervisor will mark the not cleared
item 32.

If the investigator's report states facts that clear the subject of

suspicion, the investigations supervisor will check the appropriate blank
in item 33.
Once the ttp sheet has been reviewed completely by the investigations
supervisor, the supervisor will sign his name and the date in item 34.

The original copy would then be submitted to the Tip Room where it
would be filed numerically by tip number. The copy would be removed from
the investigation pending file and from the tip filing system.
It should be noted that once the tip is issued to the investigations
supervisor, there is no record of the tip in the file system. If it should
be misplaced, there is no way to retrieve the information lost. Persons
utilizing the system described in this appendix should be aware of the
sensitive nature of the period of no file backup when the tip leaves the
Tip Room with the investigations supervisor.

A tip flow chart is attached.

 TIP FLOW CHART

Completed by person
receiving information
by phone or in person

l_ca;;JpYi"Z1 I
All three are then sent to Tip Room Supervisor
who checks fileg, sends all three to Investi-
~; ;\ or~g:al \ gations Supervisor

Investi:~~sor gives original

to assigned investigator, sends card and
copy back to Tip Room with record
assignment

Original
Tip Room files
Copy by Tip Number

Investigator completes ....

_. ' .--
. . . 4_ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
in Pending File,
files card alphabeti-
investigation, returns cally by last name of
original to Investigations subject
Supervisor

Original

Investigations Supervisor
completes original, signs and
dates it, forwards to Tip Room files original
Tip Room in Tip File by case number

Tip Room removes COpy

from Pending File
_.......,... ... '.....
.. .. ,.
"'"
.....
and from active file
system
Stays in SUb~~~~~:.!
 00·27 (Rt~. 8-73)
4\
PRIORITY EVALUATION
White -MASTER
Yellow-WORKSHEET
Card -FILE
SUBJECT TIP NO.
• Low
INFORMANT
I Medium
TIP NO.
IHigh

Name:Last First Middle Name:Last Firs! Middle

-----
Address City Address City

Direction to Locate (Hangouts, girlfriends, etc.1 Can be Contacted At

Born Ht. Wt. Eyes IHair

Veh. Make Style Color Yr. Lic. No. Home Phone IOffice Phone
- ---

Works City Occupation Informsnt was Contacted At

Home Phone IOther Phone

Associates

INFORMATION REFERENCE SUBJECT Yes No Yes No Yes No

Criminal Record Obtained (IBI .. 0 0 Sex Motivated Crime File Check 0 0 Handwriting Specimen Obtained 0 0
Record Section Checked •.•.•• 0 0 Intelligence Check. • . . . . . .• 0 0 Hair Specimen Obtained •..• 0 0
Photo Available ..•......... 0 0 Operator's License Check .... 0 0 Written Statement ObtaiMC •• 0 0
LEIN Checked .............• 0 0 Fingerprints Obtained ..•.•.. 0 0 Recorded Statement Obtained. 0 0
Gun File Check •..•.•.•.••. 0 0 Palmprints Obtained •.•.•.•• 0 0 Updated Ph;;;to Obtained •.•. 0 0
DETAILS OF TIP

REPORT

Received by Dllte Time o Subject Not Cleared

e gned to Date Time
Subject Cleared by:

Analyzed/Closed by Date o Witnesses o Was Working o PalY!lraph

 42

APPENDIX F

STATE OF MICHIGAN
FRANK JoKE LLEY t ATTORNEY GENE RAL

STATE POLICE: Enforcement of state laws in conjunction with local

peace offi cers
PEACE OFFICERS: Enforcement of state laws outside jurisdictional
boundaries in conjunction with state police
ATTORNEY GENERAL: Legal services for local peace officers
WORDS & PHRASES: "in conjunction with"

A local peace officer may exercise peace officer powers outside his
own jurisdiction when enforcing state laws in conjunction with the state
police. The phrase "in conjunction with" in this context means that the
responsibility for performing police functions is shared and neither the
state police officer nor the local peace officer is in charge of the other.
Where, pursuant to the statute, the director of the Micnigan state
police puts into effect a cooperative plan for the purpose of the pre-
vention and discovery of crime and the apprehension of criminals, it is
not necessary for a state police officer to be present in order for a local
peace officer to exercise peace powers outside the jurisdiction of the
local peace officer.
The state assumes no financial responsibility in connection with a
civil suit arising from the actions of a local peace officer. The Attorney
General is not obligated to provide any defense to a local peace officer
for actions arising out of his conduct in the performance of his duties.
Opinion No. 5031
Col. George L. Halverson
Department of State Police
714 S. Harrison Road
East Lansing, Michigan
I am in receipt of your inquiry which poses the following questions
regarding the authority of local officers when working outside their
Jurisdictions and any liability that may result thef'efrom. I will address
the questions listed below seriatim.
1. Relating to 1927 PA 175, S 2a; MCLA 764.2a;
MSA 28.861{l) "does lin conjunction with the
Michigan state police l mean actual physjcal
presence of a Michigan state pol ice officer?"
 43

2. /I Could a munrcrpal pol ice officer exercise

his authority and power outside his normal
JurisdIction where he is supervised by a
Michigan state police officer who may not be
physically present?1I
3. "Could a municipal police offfcer exercise
his authority and powers outside his normal
jurisdiction when engaged in a joint operation
with the Michigan State Police, but where Michigan
State Police officers are not present and do not
supervise th~ operation?"
4. "Does the Director of the Michigan State Police
have legal authority to grant such power and
authority to a local police officer where Michigan
state police officers are neither present or super-
vising the activity?'1

5. "In the event of ,a civil suit arIsIng from

actions taken by the task force~ would the
Attorney Generalis office provide counsel to the
1oca 1 off i ce rs 7"

6. I'ln the above instance, would the state assume

any financial liability which may result in such
act ions 7"
The statute to which you refer states as follows:
"A peace offtcer'of a county, city, vi llage or
township of this state may e~ercise authority
~nd pOlJers outside his own county, city, village,
or township, when he is enforcing the laws of
this state in conjunction with the Michigan state
police, or in conjunction with a peace officer of the
county, city, village, or township in which he may
be, the same as if he were in his own county, city,
village or toYmship." MCLA 764.2a; MSA 28.861(1).
The provision has been previously a~dressed by this office in OAG,
1917-1918, No. 712, p. 608 (April 27, 1948). The opinion concems the
authority of a city police officer to make an arrest for a misdemeanor
outside city limits, and in another county, at the request of the ,Michigan
State Police. Thre the statutory provision was interpreted to give the
city police authority to cross the county line to make the arrest and the
actual presence of a state police officer was not required for city police
to exercise peace pOders outside their jurisdiction. It was consider~d
legally sufficient that state police had requested the aid of the eity
police. Yet a caveat was given:
_~
TINII£D
_P\ •• ~_~

...
-.
"-------------------------------------------------------------

44

" • • • In this connection, hCMever, ft might be

well to add that the rule covering the arrest
for a misdemeanor applies and the officer would
not be wananted in making an arrest without a
warr'ant unless the offense was eormnitted in his
oresence. 1I o,o.c, 1947-1948, No 712, p 608 (Apri 1
i7 t 1948).
The result reached in OAC, 1947-1948, No 712., p 608 (April 27, 1948)
is consistent with judicial definitions made of "in conjunction with" by
Gourts of other Jurisdictions. In re Clark's Estate stated:

"'The primary definition of the word "con-

junction" is a joining or meeting of individuals
or of distinct things; union; connection; com-
bination; association • • • III 74 Abs 460; 141 HE2tl
259, 263 (1955); See also Hig~land v Empire National
Bank of ClarksbuT'gh, 141 W Va 473, 483; 172 SE 544,
549 ( 1933).
This defintion does not stipulate that working in conjunction means that
people have to be in the actual presence of one another. It is therefore
my opinion that "in conjunction with the Michigan state police" does not
demand the actual phusical presence of a Michigan state police officer.

Prior to responding to any further ques~ions. it is essential that

the terminology used in your questions be clarified. Some of the question:
concern what happen~ in various situations where the local police are or
are not "supervised" by the s,tate poliep-. Using the word "supervised"
is Improper and misleading. There is no authority for the Michigan State
Police to "supervise " the local police officer's actions. "Supervise"
(5 defined in Continental Casualty Co v Borthwick, 177 S02d 687, 689
( F 1a. 1965):

IIITo oversee for direction; to superintend; to

inspect with authori ty. "'
.- The definition of 'Isupervise" is also set (orth in Saxton v St. Louis
Stair Co, 410 SW2d 369, 377 (MG App, 1966):

IIITo coordinate, direct, and inspect continuously

and at fi rst hand the accompl ishment of another or
to oversee with the powers of direction and decisicn
the Implementgtion of one's own or another's in-
tent ions.' ..

The statutes that are of present concern give local police officers
the authority to work Ilin conjunction with" another peace officer, such
as the Michigan State Pvlice. This is quite different from worki~9 under
the "supervision" of aliother peace officer.
 When one is working under the "supervision fl of another, the person
who is supervising Is in control, and is therefore responsible for the
actions of those being supervised. On the other hand, when one is working
"in conjunction with" another, the control and responsibility is shared
as there is a joining or combining clf forces. Hence, the parts of the
questions that pertain to "supervision fl will not be considered.

Accordingly, questions two and three may be answered by stating that

1927 PA 175, S 2a, supra, allows a local peace officer to exercise peace
officer powers outside his jurisdiction. But these powers relate only to
enforcement of lithe laws of this state in conjunction with the Michigan
state police, or in conjunction with a peace offi~er of the county, city,
village or twonship in which he may be."
Regarding question four, 1935 PA 59, S 6; MCLA 28.6; MSA 4.436, which
delineates the powers and duties of the director of the Michigan State
Pol i ce, 5 tate s :
liThe /directorl shall have authority, upon the order
of th~' gove rnar, to ca 11 upon any she riff or otbe r
police officer of any county, city, township or
village, within the limits of their respective
jurisdictions, for aid and assistance in the per-
formance of any duty imposed by this act and, upon oelng
notified or called u~on for such aid and assistance,
it shall be the duty of the officer concerned to
comply with such order to the extent requested. Refusal
or neglect to comply therewith shall be deemed misfea-
sance in office and shall subject the officer so refusing
or neglecting to removal from office.
"The said /director/ shall formulate and put into effect
pl~1s and means of-cooperating with the local police and
peace officers throughout the state for the purpose of
the prevention and discovery of crimes and the
apprehension of criminals; and it shall be the duty of
all such local police and peace officers to cooperate
\'Iith such /Oi rector7 in such plans and means • . • 11
-
!emphasis added7 -
~

This statutory provIsion, in my opinion, authorizes the director of the

Michigan State Police to allow a local peace officer to exercise peace
officer powers outside his jurisdiction even when Michigan state police
officers are not present. The provision, however, does not vest state
police officers with supervisory powers over lo,:al peace officers.
1964 PA 170, § 8; MCLA 691.1408; MSA 3.996 (108) I relates to questions
five and six:

'~henever any claim is made or any civil action is

commenced against any officer or employee of any
governmental agency for injuries to persons or
 46

property caused by negligence of the officer or

emplnyee whi Ie in the course of his employment
and while acting within the scope of his
authority, the governmental agency is authorized,
but not required, to pay for or engage or furnish
services of an attorney to advise the officer or
employee as to the claim and to appear for and
represent the officer or employee in the action
and the governmental agency may compromise, settle
and pay such claim before or after the commencement
of any civil action. Whenever any judgment for damages
.s awarded against any officer or employee of any
governmental agency as a result of any civil action
for personal injuries or property damage caused by the
officer or employee whi Ie in the course of his employ-
ment and whi Ie acting within the scope of his authority,
the government agency is authorized, but not required,
indemnify the officer or employee or pay, settle, or
comp romi se the judgement • • ." iemphas i s added/
This statute, in my opinion, leaves it to the discretion of the govern-
mental agency which has employed the officer to decide, whether it will
defend such person and whether it will indemnify the officer or employee
or pay, settle or compromise if a judgment for damages is awarded
against that person.

Traditionally, the Attorney General determines on a case by case

basis whether to defend an officer or employee Hho is being sued. Since
the Michigan State Police are given authority to work "in conjunction
\",ith", as opposed to exercising any control over or "supervising" the
local police) it is evident that the Attorney Gener.al nteed not defend a
civil suit arising from actions of local peace officers. Hence, the
Attorney General will not provide counsel for the local police officers
nor does the state assume financial liability resulting from their action.

In summary, it is my opinion that 1) when local police officers work

i~ conjunction with state police officers, the local police officers main-
tain their authority and powers when outside their jurisdiction whether
or not the state police officers are actually present. (2) The director
of the Michigan State Police has legal authority to grant such powers and
authority to a local police officer when Michigan State Police have
exercised a plan under 1935 PA 59, fi 6, supra. (3) It is within the dis.:
cretlon of the governmental agency that has employed the officer or
employee as to whether it will defend and indemnify such person for suits
against that person. The state assumes no financial responsibility in
connection with a civil suit arising from the actions of local peace
offi ce rs.

/s/ Frank J. Kelley

At torney Gene ra 1
 47

APPEND!X G

COMPUTER ROOM OPERATIONS

 48

INTRODUCTION

The information in this appendix was compiled to serve

as a~ operational guide in the development of an aut~nated
information system for use in a Major Case Team investigation.
Generalized descriptions of the computer room and its operations
appear elsewhere in this MCT Manual. The initial effort by
the Michigan State Police for the Oakland County Special Task
Force resulted in the development of an automated tip file
to assist in handl ing the large volume of tips that came
into the tcsk force following the fourth sex-related murder
of a chi ld in the county) and this file has subsequently been
expan~~d to meet the informational needs of the entire inves-
tigation.

The consultant assigned to prepare this appendix was

Sgt. Philip L. Hogan of the Michigan State Police. H~ssrs.
George Willoughby and Robert Dumas, both involved in the
development of the system, have also contributed to this
effort.
 49

I. OVERVIEW

The automated computerized system being used at the Oakland

County Special TaskForce is probably the only system of its kind
in actual use. The system itself is merely a tool for inves-
tigators to use in any major investigation. While it can never
replace good investigators, it does save a tremendous amount
of time and shoe leather.
A tool Is only as good as the person who is using it,
and that truism applies to this system. The fact is we really
do not know the limitations of the system, because we are
just beginning to learn how to make this new tool work for
law enforcement. The only limitation we have found so far
is the user's imagination.

The system has provided the investigator with the ability

to immediately access a wealth of information in a matter of
seconds. The following brief overview of the system pr?vides
a much better idea of h0w it can be used.

The system is made up of four separate data bases or fi les,

as follows:

1- TIP FlU:

A. 13,154 total entries.

B. Provides instantaneous recovery of any tip on file.

C. Eliminates duplicate investigations.

D. Any tip can be recovered by querying the data base

using anyone of the 20 bits of information captured
by the compu ter. (I n essence you have the ab iIi ty
to access from 20 different card files within the
major data base within seconds.)

E. All investigators operate the terminals and query

the data base ysing 10 automated programs, which
were developed in order to make the operation
simple enough so that any officer with 15 minutes
of training could query the data base himself.

F. BMF A (sub-f i Ie)

1. Identifies all subjects who have been
investigated but not cleared.

2. 100 are ready to be loaded.

G. BMF B
1. Identifies persons who have been investigated
 50

but not cleared and who are to be ~nvestigated

further.

2. Usually these persons will be entered in the

compos i te f i Je.
H. Surveillance
1. Identifies about 1,500 persons who were seen
at either the funeral or drop site of Timothy
King.
I. A query into the Tip File will give the following
information:

I. MUltiple tips containing the same information.

a. Name

b. Address

c. Vehicle license number

d. Info rmant

2. Multiple sources of information

a. Informant
b. I nformant and survei llance

c. Informant, surveillance and can't be cleared

J. Multiple Reporting Capability

1. Reports can be programmed to display information in
any format desired by the investigator.

a. Li 5 ted by Tip Number

b. Li s ted by Li cense Number

c• Alphabetical order by Last Name

. ;,
cf•. , Alphab~tical order by Street Name
 51

• 2. *Reports will only display the desired information.

a. Last, First and Middle Name, Tip Number,
Status, and Priority

b. Last~ First" and Middle Name, Address,

Tip Number, and Status
c. List all Tips from a specific city, street,
or police department.

d. Total number of tips on specific persons,

vehicles, vehicle color, or cleared by
investigation
* The primary purpose of reports is to locate and identify
specific tips. To obtain all the information on a tip,
the investigator must pull the Tip Sheet.
 52

I I - VICTIMIZATION FILE

This file was established under the assumption that the

person responsible for these homicides was not 100%
successful in every abduction he may have attempted.
•
A. Contains 1,260 incidents reported to 30 police
departments in southeastern Oakland County frcm
January 1, 1975, to present.

B. Contains 559 incidents reported by school children

from December, 1976, to present.

1. These reports were obtained after a special

request to students attending schools in the
target area.

C. Provides the ability to compare information

obtained by a number of police jurisdictions.

1. Suspect vs. victim

2. Occurrence day of week

3. Suspect vehicles

4. Simi lar crimes

D. The i nfonnat i on C<'Lt1 be sorted in as many different
combinations of information available that the
human mind can imagine. (The data base contains
the answers. The problem is to dIscover the
correct combination of questions to ask).

E. Displaying infonnation.

1• Maps

a. To-scale drawings of the target a~ea.

b. Pinpointing the location of each incident.

Maps are generated by use of a digitizing pad which acts

on an X-V Grid Base. By locating the incident on a map
which i~ placed over the digitizing pad the X-V coordi-
nates can be stored in the computer for reproduction at
a later date.

2. Bar Graphs

a. Identifies the highest

1) Occurrence time
 53

2) Occurrence day of week

3) Color of vehicle

4) Vehicle make

5) Victim sex, age

6) Suspect bui Id, age, hair color

I I I - CHE CK FILE

This fi Ie was established to provide the investigator with

as much information as possible about a subject prior to
initiating an investigation.

A. Contains 1,300 names of individuals who had been

listed on a tip from the homicides prior to
Timmy King.

B. 375 names of persons wanted for sex crimes across

the country by the FBI.

C. 6,912 names of persons who have prior record of

sex-related offenses and are living in Michigan.

IV - COMPOSITE FILE
This file has not been established at this time; however,
many of the functions of this file wil I provide a more
satisfactory means of comparing known information.

A. Wi 11 contain a total profile on

L Suspects (Only persons with very high suspicion

or known circumstances connecting them with the
case will be entered).

a. Recreational activity

b. Occupation

c. Travel patterns

d. Hang outs

e. Acquaintances

2. Victims - same as suspect

3. Vehicle
a. Make

b. Style
 54

.c. Damage

d. Interior description

e. Tire size, tread

f. Wheel base

4. Comp 1a i n t

a. Evidence

b. Drop site

c. Pick up location

d. Weather

e. Times, dates
 55

II. THE TIP ~!LE

The purpose of this file is to provide both management and inves-

tigative tools for a Major Case Team (MCT) operation involving the
accumulation of a large amount of information. It is designed for
use both by staff and operational people in an on-line mode, with
updating occurri~g as rapidly as desired.

As a management tool, it effectively logs all tip entries

coming into the MCT. With a high volume of tips being called in,
it becomes necessary to assign blocks of tip numbers to the tele-
phone operators, as well as the clerical staff accepting tips
from other police agencies. After the initial rush, it is
possible to go through the entire tip file and clean up the missing
or duplicated numbers and organize the hardcopy filing system.

The tip file also serves as a very effective means of up-

dating and correcting the tip system. As the various tips are
investigated, new or corrected information has to be added not
only to the specific tip being worked on, but also all other tips
on fi Ie associated with it. The tip file serves as a means of
gathering together all tips relating to a specific person or
incident, even though they may have accumulated over time by
different individuals and are, in fact, scattered through the
hardcopy file in numeric sequence.

The clearance of investigated tips is also critical in a

large-scale Met investigation. It is normal for numerous tips
to be received regarding one individual matching a composite or
displaying suspicious behavior. The tip file enables a processed
tip to be cleared and all new tips checked prior to assignment
to ensure that the new information has not already been investi-
gated and cleared. However, the fact that multiple tips are
received regarding the cQnduct of one individual is of interest
in itself and may warrant additional investigation, even though
the original tip has been cleared. If a vehicle is involved,
it becomes essential that the registration plates are noted as
cleared in the state Law Enforcement Informatiut, Network (LEIN)
to avoid the driver being continually stopped as the investigation
continues. With the automated tip file, it is possible to
generate a cleared vehicle list for entry into the LEIN system
on a regular basis.
When a number of investigative teams are used, it becomes
necessary to group tips geographically to minimite travel time.
With the automated system, this is possible, based on either the
SUSpE·ct I s or informant I s address. As the teams report for
assignment, they receive a package of new tips assembed by the
MCT staff.
 56

This technique not only minimizes time spent in travel but also
allows the MGT Commander to direct the investigation of the large
number of tips on a geographical basis if it ~ppears that the
suspect's or informant's residence might be critical to the
investigation.

If a pririty system is used grading the tips regarding

urgency of a follow-up investigation, it becomes essential that
high-priority tips are assigned first. The automated tip file
again allows grouping of tips based on priority so they can be
given out as rapidly as possible. This may be coupled with
geographic grouping as described above. In this -manner, the
daily activities of a team may be controlled.

In a large-scale MCT investigation covering a wide geograph-

ical area, numerous investigative teams from various police juris-
dictions and a large degree of public input confront the Commander
with a number of problems: "How efficient are the individual
teams? Am I making any headway investigating the incoming tips?
Am I receiving the input from the public in the area I am concerned
with? Is my media coverage soliciting information from the area
of interest? Do I have enough men to investigate the tip infor-
mation I have an.d plan on receiving? When can I start reducing
the number of teams and by how many men? How long is the large-
scale coordinated effort going to last?n And there are many others.
The overall management purpose of the automated tip file is to
provide the answers to these questions as well as other in a rapid
fashion.

The tip file meets these needs by loading basic data regard-
ing each tip into an interactive file format called a data base
management system (DBMS). Traditionally, law enforcement has made
a seLies of index card files, one of each of the data items consider-
ed essential, such as vehicle color, suspect's name, informant's
name, etc. The automated tip file is, in essence, a series of
card files for each data item entered. When using the file, it is
of value to think of it in this manner. You may ask any question
of the tip file that you could answer through the use of multiple
index card files. You may also do basic mathematical manipulations
wi th the file.

The tip file also serves the investigatory side of the MCT.
It enables an investigator to search through all tips relating to
a specific individual and glean additional bits of information.
For example, it is possible that the tip he has received contains
-only a suspect's name. However, elsewhere in the file is a tip
regarding the same individual that contains the address or perhaps
a vehicle. Through a search of the tip file, the investigator
can gather all known information regarding the suspect prior to con-
ducting the actual investigation. In this manner he can avoid un-
necessary steps during the actual investiga.tion.
 57

After an investigation, the officer can confirm or dispute

various bits of information offered by the suspect. For example,
if a suspect denies being in a certain location at a given time,
it is possible to go through the data base and locate the informant
claiming his presence.
Another example of the investig·ative use of the tip file
stems from an unidentified caller claiming involvement in the crime.
A wire tap only revealed the telephone exchange area from which the
suspect was calling. Using the tip fite, it is possible tc generate
a list of all tips originating within that telephone exchange area.
This is done by identifying all streets within the exchange are~
and searching the tip file for all informants and suspects residing
within that area. It is then possible to send an investigative
team into the area in an effort to uncover the caller or additional
information.
It is not necessary to have all particular bits of
information in question. A situation arose where an attempted
abduction in one town yielded a partial license plate number and
description of the vehicle. A few hours later the same event
occur.'ed in another town with the victim again getting a parti'al
license plate number and vehicle description -- the same as in the
earlier event. The tip fi Ie was searched based on the vehicle
description and the two parts of the plate number. The end result
was a list of possible vehicles and their respective owners that
was turned over to an investigative team for follow-up.
The same technique may be used with any of the data elements.
Again, this is the IIYellow Pages " effect wherein the tip file is able
to either complete missing inform~tion, provide a list of possible
areas of investigation, or store partial data for future completion
from a tip or investigative lead.
The tip file may also be used to generate listings of
information, such as suspect names or vehicle~, to be checked
through the normal law enforcement information systems, such as
CCH or LEIN, for possible criminal involvement prior to sending
an investigation team in for the initial contact. Many of the
suspects appearing in such a fi le have a prior pol ice record. In
this manner it is possible to alert investigators prior to a mis-
hap occurring in the course of an investigation.
It is also possible to monitor informants who are contributing
information on the task force. Any unusual patterns may be brought
to light upon examination of the tip file. This is essential, for
the file is created by many individuals over a span of time, and
it is possible for the investigator to miss a pattern being estab-
lished by fradulent input or perhaps by the perpetrator himself.
The investigative teams have found a search of the tip file
val~able in the course of an investigation to check suspect's rela-
tionships with each other. This may be based on similar or nearby
addresses or mentioned names or vehicles. It is also possible for
the investigator to call in and quickly check on the presence of an
individual in the tip file shou!d the new name come up in the cour~e
 58

of his investigation. If. the new name is present, additional

information may be gained from the file. If it is not, a new
tip can be processed.
As with the management aspect of an automated tip file, the
investigative aspect is limited only'by the ability of the Investi-
gator to ask the (J'lestion. A majority of the answers can be obtained
on the terminal screen with no hardcopy printo~t necessary. The
simplicity of the system allows regular clerical staff to query
the tip fi Ie at the task force headquarters in response to a tele-
phone call fron an investigator. In this manner, the file is avail-
able to" the field investigator within moments to confirm or deny
a statement made during the course of an interview with a suspect
regarding any of the data elements contained within the tip file.
It is also available within the squad room for the investigator
to sit down and query regarding his tip assignments, new or old
suspects, or possible vehicles, depending on the course of his
part cf the investigation at the moment.

The sources of information for the tip file are not limited
to calls from the public, even though this sector may be the
largest single source. Another source is the vehicle registration
plates obtained through eovert efforts at various scenes of the
crime such as obduction site, body drop site, or victlm's residence.
Covert survei Ilance efforts at the funeral or other crime-related
locations also yield a source of input for the tip fi Ie. The
vehicle registration number is processed through the state regis-
tration system, thereby obtaining a vehicle make and owner. This
data can then be entered into the file using an informant code to
indicate the location of sighting and reporting unit, as well as any
other data deemed necessary. A unique numbering sequence should
be used to differentiate the various sources of data.

A third source originates from the input of information

received from road patrols of various police agencies surrounding
the area of concern. This input comes from routine traffic stops
occurring prior to the crime and then a concentrated effort for a
period of time after the crime. Again, the input is on the stand-
ard tip sheet with the informant drea coded to indicate the report-
ing jurisdiction and location of the contact.

A fourth source of input stems from knOWledge gleaned fran

investigators in police agencies within the area of investigation.
Information thought to be related to the particular crime type being
investigated should be solicited c rom various agencies and again
entered on the standard tip sheet with the informant area used to
designate the contributing officer and the agency he is with for
future follow-up if necessary. A unique numbering sequence should
be used in all of the above cases.
 59

TIP SHEET

The tip sheet used was the standard reporting format used
in earlier manual systems. The entire form is not entered into
the data base; only those items indicated with a line on the
attached form have been entered. This 3imitation was imposed
by the large volume of tips and the limited disk space available.
It is entirely possible to load all of the information, including
the desired narrative information. In this manner the automated
file could serve as a complete recall device. The only modification
to the file would be the addition of the new portions desired.
The tip fi Ie as designed is intended to serve as a IIYellow
Pagel! of information guiding the user to the proper hardcopy for
additional information. I t has been found, with few exceptions,
that this has been adequate. To further expand the number of
data elements entered would not only increase storage requirements,
but more important, the amount of time required for data entry.
00·27 (Rev. 8-73) 60

White -MASTER
-,.
PRIORITY EVALUATION
Yellow-WORKSHEET
Card -FILE '_ow IMedium
. IHigh
SUBJECT TIP NO, iNFORMANT TIP NO.

--
Name:Last

Address
•
Fint

Direction to Locate (Hangouts, girlfriends, etc.)

City
Middle
.......
Name:Last

Adllress

Can be Contacted At
First

City
Middle-=

Born
. Ht.
I
Wt. Eyes I Hair

I I
-
Ve'h. Make

Works
. Style

- - - Color

City
Yr., Lie. No.

Occupation
.
Home Phone

-
Informant was Contacted At
Office Phone

Home Phone !Other Phone

I
""--~ ...
Associates

INFORMATION REFERENCE SUBJECT Yes No Yes No Yes No

.. 0
Criminal Record Obtained (I B) 0 Sex Motivated Crimp File Check 0 0 Handwriting Specimen Obtained 0 0
Rccord Section Checked ...... 0 0 Intelligence Check .••...... 0 0 Hair Specimen Obtained .... 0 0
Photo Available ............ 0 0 Operator's License Check •... 0 0 Written Statement Obtained .. 0 0
LEIN Checked •......••.•.•. 0 0 Fingerprints Obtained .•.••.• 0 0 Recorded Statement Obtained. 0 0
Gun File Check ............ 0 0 Palmprints Obtained . . . . . . . . 0 0 Updated Photo Obtained .... 0 0
DETAILS OF TIP

e
REPORT

,~ .

,;

Received by

Assigned to
-Date

Date
Time

Time
o Subject Not Cleared
Subject Cleared by:
e
Analyzed/Closed b\l Date D Witnesses D Was Working o Polygraph
 61

BEGIN DATA BASE TIPS; COLOR CODES

e LEVELS:
15 BOSS;
BLACK = BLK
BLUE = BLU All vehicle makes
BRO\~N = BRN will be entered by
ITEMS: BEIGE = BGE using the first
T-INITIAL U2; DARK = DRK four letters of the
TIP# R2; GREEN = GRN vehicle's name.
S-LAST-NAME U20; GRAY = GRY ( i. eo Pontiac = PONT)
S-FIRST-NAME UlO; GOLD = GLD
S-MIDDLE-NAME UlO; LIGHT = LHT The style of the
S-STREET-NO U20; ORANGE= ORG vehicle will be 2
S-S'l'REET-NAME UlO; PINK = PNK or 4 for 2dr or 4dr
S-CITY UlO; PURPLE= PRP
S-CLEARED U6; RED = RED
VEtI-MAKE U6; SILVER= SLV
VEH-STYLE UlO; TAN = TAN
VEH-COLOR U6; WHITE = WHT
VEH-YEAR II; YELLOW= YEL
VEtI-LIC-NO U8;
I-LAs'r-NAME U20: Any color that
I-FIRST-NAME UIO; is not listed
I-MIDDLE-NAME UlO; above, enter
I-HOME-PHONE U12; as •• 0 OTH
I-OFFICE-PHOL-JE U12;
NAME: TIPIN, Au'rOMATIC;

e ENTRY:
T-INITIAI,(2) ;
CAPA CI T'l: 2 00 0 0 ;
NAME: TIPNO, AUTOMATIC;
ENTRY:
T I PI (2) ;
CAPACITY: 20000;
NAME: SLNAME, AU'l'Ol"iATIC ;
EN'rRY:
S-LAS'l'-NAME (1) ;
CAPACITY: 20000;
NAME: ILNfu~E, AUTOMATIC;
ENTRY:
I-LAST-NAME (1) ;
CAPACITY: 20000;
SUBJECT, DETAIL:
ENTRY:
T-INITIAL(TIPIN),TIPi(TIPNO) ,S-LAST-NAME(SLNAME) ,S-FIRST-NAME,
S-MIDDLE-NAME ,S-STREET-NO ,S-STREE'l'-NAME, S-CI'rY, VEH-MAKE, VEH-STYI.R
VEH-COLOR,VEH-YEAR,VEH-LIC-NO,S-CLEARED;
 62

CAPACITY: 20000~

NAME: INFORMANT, DETAIL~

ENTRY:
T-INITIAL(TIPNO) ,TIP#(TIP~O) ,I-LAST-NAME(ILNAME) ,I-FIRST-NAME,
I-MIDDLE-NAME,I-HOME-PHONE,I-OFFICE-PHONE;
CAPACITY: 20000:
END.
D/\T/\ BAl iE: TIPS FrB, Ii \.I 0 5, 1777, 10; 21 AM 63

m:::r Nf\11I ~ :
1.,1eNO, AU'I DI-IATIC

1 TEll:,:
VEH-LIC-NO, U12

CAPAC1.TY: 7'19(71 ENTRIES: 4188

BE'I 1'I(\I'Il:
1 I r' t'IO. AU'I ml . .' TIC

J Tl,.t'\!3:
TIl'
. #,, R2 <:'CI<'EY ITEM»

C(irAr.J.TY: 1'l503 ENTR lES: 11937

SEl N(\I"II':
SLN(~t'lI: I (\UTOI'1(\T I C

)TEI"I~;:
S-L.ASl'-NAt1E, U20 <:'G<'EY ITEM:»

ENTRIES: 6J38

JTEt1;1:
I-LAST-NAt'IE, U20 «KEY ITEM»

C(WAC 1. TY: 81"7'99 ENTR I ES: 5'tb 1

SI::-r NNI! ~ :
CAr~~'II\II\~, AUl Ot"IAT Ie

) T 1.:.11::;:
Vl:H-!'lr",I'£, U4

CAPACITY: 199 ENTRIES; 187

SE'! NAt'lL:
S'fl(NMIE, AU'TOl'1(\TlC

) Tll"m:
S--STREET-NAI'1E, U20 <O(,EY ITEM>:>

CAPACITY: 7499 ENTRIES: 4334

 IHPHONl2., AUHJI"IAT IC 64

) TEf'!!J:
I"~ IDI1E -P HONE I U12 «KEY ITEM»

CAPACITY; 89(;>9 ENTR I ES: ::;;ZD8

SET NAl'l[~.:
SFNMIEI AUTOMATIC

1. TEI'I[I:
8-'F lR!-:n-NAI'lE, U10 (~KEY ITEM»

C,\PACITY: 749(;> ENTR IES: 1561

SET NI\l'll::.:
SUB,)L:.CT, DETAIL

) TEl"lri: .
. OR, I
. F'rn TY; U4
'I' ·-11·1 +T T AL I U2
TIIJ#( 1~2 «SEP,H CH ] 1 E 1'1»
t,,-1. AST-NAt"IE, U20 «fiE~,RCH 'nF.t1»
S-F I RST-I'~AI"IE, U10 «:SEAF~C~'l i·II:.I"I»
0-1'11 DDLE-Nf',I'U'::, UlO
S-'6TREET-I\IO, U10
S-'f3 T I'~ E ET - ~~At"l E, U20 -C-CSEAFlCH lTEM»
S"'C lTY, U20
Vr.:.I~-I'1i\i~E, U4 «SEARCH 1 -I EI'I»
VEI'i-STYLE, 11
\/D I-'C OL.DR , U6
VEH-YEAR, 11
Vl:.I\-L! C--I'm, U12 «SEARCH Il :'::1'1~»
S-'CLEARED, U4
I -LII.ST--NAr1E, U20 «SEAr~CH 11 [;;M:»
I ·F I HST-I\lp.I' IE , U10
1-1'1 i DDLE-.N,.!l.I'lE, lJl0
I -IIOI1E -p l'i()t~I?~, \)12
I -OFF I CE-PllONE, U12

CfWACITY: 15000 ENTR IES: 1315 L I

PATH IDI::'NTIFYING INF'Onl'lATILlN

f>..SSOCIATED
I"IASTER SET NAI1E DETAIL SEl NAME

LICNO SUBJECT VEH-LIC-NO

PNO SUDdECT TIPU

SLNMIE SUBJECT S -LAST -\'l,\\'IE

 65

PATH IDENTIFYING INFORNATlON (cont.)

ILNAHE SUBJECT I-LAST-NAME

CAIU1.AKE SUBJECT VEH-MAKE
STRNAME SUBJECT S-STREET-NAME
IHPHONE SUBJECT I-HOME-PHONE

SFNAME SUBJECT S-FIRST-NAME

ASSOCIATED
DETAIL SET NAME SEARCH ITEM NAME SORT ITEM NAME MASTER SET NA11E

SUBJECT TIPfl TIPNO

S-LAST-NAME SLNA.'1E
S-FIRST-NANE SFNAME
S-Sl'REET-NAME STRNAME
VEH-HAKE CARMAKE
VEH-LIC-NO LICNO
I-LAST-NAHE ILNA..I.fE
I-HOME-PHONE I}lP}lONE
 ",

66
ENTERING INFORMATION INTO DATA BASE

To make sure that all information is entered the same way by all
terminal operators the following rules were establishE!d for the
entering of information in the Data Base.

GENERAL:

1. No abbreviation of city names.

2. Enter all information as it appears on the Tip Sheet.
3. If you have any doubt about how arw informat.:ion is to
be entered, ASK, DO NOT THINK ON YOUR OWN.

TIP NUMBER

1. If Tip Number is missing - return tip to the Tip Room

and have a number assigned.
2. If Tip Number is used twice on the same subject:
Enter Both.
3. If Tip Number is used twice on different subjects:
Enter one and have a new number assigned to the
other prior to entering.

SUBJECT

1. Several tips on same subject: Enter all tips.

2. More than one spelling of subject's name: enter
each spelling separately using the same Tip Number.
3. If Subject Name gives a husband and wife combination:
Enter husband's name only.
4. If an alias or nickname is given: Enter the tip twice
using the alias on one and the subject's correct name
on the other.
5. If the Subject name is a business: Enter the name as
it appears. Example: American Credit Corporation.
American goes in the Subject Last Name, Credit goes in
Subject First Name and Corporation goes in Subject
Middle Name.
6. If Subject has a title (Dr., Father, Reverend, Sgt" etc.):
Enter the title in Subject Middle Name.
7. Do not space, dash, or hyphen name. Example: McFall, not
Mc Fall.

ADDRESS

1. If Subject lives out of state: Enter the City and State

in subject city.
2. Only enter the street name, do not include St., Ave.,
Blvd., Crt., and etc.
3. Spell out all Mile Roads, Do Not Use Numbers.

VEHICLE

1. Color - Only the following abbreviations and colors are

accepted. Only enter one color. (If Brn over Blu enter
as Blu)
 67
BJack = BLK Light = LHT
Blue = BLU Orange = ORG
Brown = BRN Pink = Pm<
Beige = BGE Purple = PRP
Dark = DRK Red = RED
Green = GRN Silver = SLV
Gray = GRY ~an = TAN
Gold = GLD Whit.e = WHT
Yellow = YEL
ANY OTHER COLOR = OTH

2. Make - Only enter the first four letters of the Make:

Examples: Plymouth = PLYM, Chevrolet = CHEV

3. Style - The following codes will be used:

2 = Two Door
3 = Van
4 = Four Door
5 = Station Wagon
6 = Other

4. If two license plate numbers are given: Enter tip twice -

once for each license plate number.

5. If two vehicles \\li th same plate numer: Enter twice -

once for each vehicle.

6. If the license number is out of state: Enter the license

number and first three letters of state in vehicle
license number.

7. Do Not Hyphen, Space, or Dash License Numbers.

Example: DSH431, NOT DSH 431

UPDATING THE DATA BASE

1.) All new information received on a tip is up~ated when the

information is received.

2.) Systenl checks are made to find any typographical errors which
are corrected when found.

3.} An automated error correction is run weekly to merge subject

names, license numbers, and remove periods, dashes, and etc.
from the Data Base.

4.) Tips that are cleared are given a code of "CLR" in the Cleared
Section, once the tip is investigated and closed.
 68

~* THIS IS THE PROCEDURE FOR SIGNING ONTO THE COMPUTER.

1. MAKE SURE THE TERMINAL AND MODEM ARE TURNED ON.
2. CALL THE COMPUTER AT 476-6110.
3. PUT THE PHONE IN THE MODEM WHEN YOU A HIGH PITCHED TONE.
4. HIT THE CARRIAGE RETURN KEY UNTIL YOU GET A (:).

** YOU TYPE IN THE COMMANDS THAI ARE HIGHLIGHTED. THE PARTS THAT
**ARE NOT HIGHLIGHTED ARE THE RESPCNCES THE COMPUTER WILL MAKE.
** AFTER YOU HAVE TYPED IN THE COMMAND AS IT APPEARS HIT THE RETUN KEY

:lff!tt_Y:Jr].JIr.J!1l1]';gti~~R$J~Ltj;RH:::;4j (IF YOUR USING A TELRAY TYPE IN • HELLO WILLO, LEMS. M

ACCT PASSWORD?
If1BE:.$TQNl
SESSION NUMBER = IS64
WED, JAN 25, 1978, 4:58 PM
I-IP32002A.01.02
&dB WELCOME TO THE FARMINGTON HILLS HP3000 &d@

HP32216A.03.04 QUERY/3000 WED, JAN 25, 1978, 4:58 PM

OUERY/3000 READY
r~~""'-;]

>~"TJr.XEg

BASE=TIPS
PASSWORD = ;
MODE = 5
SETS=SUBJECT
PROC=TIPREP
END OF XEQ FILE
....
"

** YOU ARE NOW IN THE TIP DATA BASE AND CAN DO FIND OR
** REPORT COMMANDS THAT YOU NEED.
 69
QUERYING TH~ DATA BASE

Twenty items of Information were entered in the Computer from

the Tip Sheet. A tip can be retrieved by using one item of
information or any combination of items.

Ten of the items in the Data Base were programmed as Automatic

Finds. This was done to make it easier for the investigators
to query the computer themselves.

The following is a list of the Information Items that were

entered in the Computer. (Ca~italized entries signify the
Automated Finds).

Priority == Priority Rating

T-Initial :::: Tip Initial
TIP# == TIP NUMBER
S-LAST-NAME == SUBJECT-LAST-NAME
S-FIRST-NAME == SUBJECT-FIRST-NAME
S-Middle-Name == Subject-Middle-Name
s-Street-No ::: Subject-Street-Number
S-STREET-NAME == SUBJECT-STREET-NAME
S-City == Subject-City
VEH-MAKE == VEHICLE-MAKE
Veh-Style == Vehicle-Style
Veh-Color == Vehicle-Color
Veh-Year == Vehicle-Year
VEH-LIC-No ::: VEHICLE-LICENSE-NUMBER
S-Cleared == Subject-Cleared
I-LAST-NAME == INFO~mNT-LAST-NAME
I-FIRST-NAME ::: INFORMANT-FIRST-Nru4E
I-Middle-Narne == Informant-Middle-Name
I-HOME-PHONE == INFORMANT-HOME-PHONE
I-OFF ICE-PHONE == INFORMANT-OFF ICE-PHONE

The following Querying Code Sheet was developed for the investigator:s
to refer to when querying the Computer.
 70

.2.!!!!!

SUBJECT INFORMATION
F.. CODE INFORMATION SEARCHING FOR:

Fl Subject by LAST name only.

F2 Subject by fIRST name only.

F3 Subject by LAST & FIRST Name.

Fl2 Subject by LAST, FIRST, & MIDDLE Name.
F14 Subject by STREET Name.

INFORMANT INFORMATION

F-CODE INFORMATION SEARCHING FOR:

F-4 Informant by LAST name only.

F-l5 Informant by FIRST name only.

F-5 Informant by LAST & FIRST name.

F-6 Informant by HOME phone.

F-7 Informant by OFFICE phone.

VEHICLE INFORMATION
F-CODE INFORMATION SEARCHING FOR:

Fa Vehicle by ~.

F9 Vehicle by LICENSE PLATE NUMBER.

F,l3 Vehicle by ~, LICENSE & COLOR.

TIP NUMBER INFORMATION

F-CODE INFORMATION SEARCHING FOR:
FlO Tip Number WITHOUT initial.
Fll Tip Number ~ initial.
 71

To run the Computer, the Investigator would type:

"Find Fl" and then hit the Carriage Return.

The computer would t~en ask:

"What is ·the Value of S""LAS'l'-NAME"

The Invel3tigator would then. type in the last name of the

subject they wanted checked and hit the Carriage Return.

The Computer would then respond with the nurrOCler of entries

which qualified.

If the Investigator was looking for information that was not

programmed as an Automatic E'ind, he would have to do a
Manual Find.

To do this, the Investigator would have to ask for each item he

was looking for.

Example: Investigator would type:

"Find Veh-Color is BLU and Veh-Style is 2"

He would then hit Carriage Return

Computer would then respond with the number of blue cars with
two doors.

The Manual Find requires the Investigator to ask for information

exactly as it appears in the Data Base.

When asking for information all spaces, dashes and abbrev 1,.f..!.tions must
be entered or the request will be rejected by the Computer.
 72

REPORTS

Reports are developed to fit the needs of the investigator.

A report can be programmed to display from one piece of
information to all information stored in the Data Base.

The following reports were generated:

1.) SUBTIP This report displays the subject's Last,

First and Middle Namesj Tip N~er, Cleared
Status, and Priority. This report displays
each tip alphabetically by Last Name. .

Example:
LAST NAME FIRST MID. PRIORITY STATUS TIP#
DOE JOHN M. HIGH" CLEAR 1431

2.) SUBADD This report displays the Subject's Last,

First, and Middle Name, Address, Status,
and Tip Number. This displays the tips
alphabetically by Last Name.

Example:
LAST NAME FIRST MID. ADDRESS
DOE JOHN M. 1323 Adams
Hig 1431 Detroit

3.) SUBADDST - This report is the same as the SUBADD report

except the t;,ips are displayed by street
name in alphabetical order.

4.) LICREP - This report list tips with registration numbers

in alphabetical order r.:: the registration
numbers. The report di~plays the subject's
Last, First and Middle Names, Status, License
Number, and Tip Number.

Example:
LAST NAME FIRST MID. STATUS LIC. # TIP#
DOE JOHN M. CLR DCH123 1431

5.) TIP # This report displays the tip number in

numerical order. The report displays the
Status of the Tip also.

Example:
Status Tip#
CLR 1431
1432
CLR 1433

It should be noted that the primary purpose of these reports

is to assist in locating specific tips. Once located the
Investigato.r must pull the Tip Sheet and read it to obtain
all the information he may ,need.
 73

The Investigator can obtain these reports by Typing "R Subtip"

and hitting the Return Key.

A =eport can only be produced after a Find Command has been

completed. Once the Tips have been found, the r.eport will
display only the tips which qualified.
 .l! GODE SERIES 74
F I j' ! '0 r:.I.
1})H?l')" In "i'HE l)(:ll...l.!r:: OF .... n .... I. .. f.l~;)T .... N(·~HI
::: l'ld(:(lil
:s l::i'!nn:E:~;:, UUtlLIFIED

e l

FINn F2
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-FIRST-NAME
»p(~,Tr;! I [;1';
44 ENTRIES QUALIFIED
:0-

F:r. ;-1:0 F ;'3

WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-LAST-NAME
>>HDC')(':lN
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-FIRST-NAME
:,:.:> j=:'(.ll'i:'rF; I CI,
;.: Ei'!TI:;~:r EG nU('~lL IF JED
..
~.

FINO FJ:o~.I.;:~
WH~T ~S THE VALUE OF - S-LAST-NAME
»I·IClD{lN
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-FIRST-NAME
::. >P(.l"f I:;: I CI,
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-MIDDI...E-NAME
»H
o ENTRIES QUALIFIED

FINO F:I..~::
WHAT IS rHE VALUE OF - S-LAST-NAME
»1'10(;)(1"-.)
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-FIRST-NAME
:.:- ;:. F' tl T F;: Ie l{
WHAT 18 THE VALUE OF - S-MIDDLE-NAME
:I. ENTR1E8 QUALIFIED

F J r\!1.r .I, -4
PI:~OCE))U-r~E: Nt'l;"il::: NClT FOUND

F:l:HD FJ.4
WHAr IS THE VALUE OF - S-STREET-NAME
»PClNT I{lC I.. ":'II{I:~
1 ENTRIES QUALIFIED
(,H·I'·ll J!l r HI:,. 1.),:.t/... l..lI::: DF .....1. .... 1... r:';l i:n" . . "·i(·1 hi 75
:. >(';Oi'l i:; TDXi···!F:
[j'lTr;: I E:S (;"U('lL:r r I ED

FIi··IIi F~j
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - l-LAST~NAME
:> >COi'J';:):I::O I j\tE::
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - I-FIRST-NAME
»(1
1 ENTRIES QUALIFIED

FJNr;;::u F,:i
t,.,IH(.·lTIn '1 HE l"l{;lLUE DF .... I .... HOi"iE·. ·PHOi'·lE
:> >4~:;(f)9(:l '7:t.
NO EI'~TI:~Y

o ENTRIES QUALIFIED
>F IN:\) F'?
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - I-OFFICE-PHONE
USING SERIAL READ
1 ENTRIES QUALIFIED
:>

FIND FB
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - VEH-MAKE
: >PCH··!T
233 ENTRIES QUALIFIED
.,:.

FIND r:'.I. ~:)

WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - VEH-MAKE
»GFi:EH
WHAT IS THE VALUE. OF- VEH-LIC-NO
»I'<HC4?3
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - VEH-COLOR
»:t:i...U
1 ENTRIES QUALIFT~n
,,:'

FIHft F:1.0
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - TIP.
1 ENTRIES QUALIFIED
 76
r IH'CI F'J I.
'. )HI~' r .r .:) f HF t.) (., L I JI::: nI·:' .... r I r: .//:
(1.1 H() T J: () T 1·1 F:; t) (1 L I JE Cl r .. T ..· Tj'.! I ' 1' I (, L.
:. >TI,
1 ENTR!ES QUAL.IFIED

FTHO 1::1..1.

NON-NUMERIC IN REAL VAL.UE

>
 77

TIP REPORTS

) FIND Fl
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF - S-LAST-NAME
) )HOGAN
3 ENTRIES QUALIFIED
)R SUBAVD

SUBJECT ADDRESS REPORT

LAST NAME FIRST ADDRESS

HOGAN JOHN 19745 SAN JUAN

3722.00 TK LOW DETROIT

HOGAN PATRICK 9720 CONNERCE

CLR 3772.00 TK LOW UNION LAKE

HOGAN PATRICK 8200 PONTIAC LAKE

CLR 492.000 TK LOW WATERFORD TWP.

)R TIP (I

492.000 TK
3722.00 TK
3772.00 TK

R LICREP

HOGAN PATRICK CLR A 492.000

HOGAN PATRICK CLR KHC423 3772.00
HOGAN JOHN NCSl71 3722.00
 78

.,. or:: J T'r' :~:I...Ol~

NITI(.11... ~::"j'I<

I .L F·I :fI' :::: 4i;>~!.. (,r,O

S-·l.. (.1 tiT _. i'.!(~ i"iE "'"HOG(.IN
g .•. F' I r;:nT .... /'-1 t'~ i'j!::: ==Pt, rr:: J [I,
8-·j-1 J DDl..E ·..·N(·1j lE v
::::f)
S-~)Tr::EET''''N(J
S .•. ST r:;EET ... ,,! (lHr~ :':: Pc) j\! T I I~'I c: l.. (.:11< E
S .... CITY :::·l·Jtl·r Er~FCJF~D Tt.<JP
',IE·H··Ht1i<E =:·[,r::(::i·j
VEH .... !:,'j'·{LC =::2
VEH .... cClL.nr::
'JI::H'''Y[();:::
VEH·..·I... I [;·..·1'·1D ::: (:1
5-· CI... E t'\ r:: r::D ::~ CL. r::
I _.1. .(~, f:; T· 'r' (, h r:: "::CCiN~; I It I NE
J ... F J r~ F: T··i·,) (:1 i"i I.:: ::"(1
I '-I'j J: DDLE .. ·j·Ir:-,iiE
I -HDj·iE .... F·j,IDi'lE ::::(1
I-(1FFICE-'j=-'IIDHE

PI~IDF:IT'( :~'1.. Oil)

T·- IN IT I r'~1/... ::::'l"I-:
TIP'I!'
-. l...{lf:;T .... Nr'IHE:: ~:: HCi C; (:1 N
. J I,;: f,;;: T .... i-·I (:1 i··i C :::: F' (I T F:: I CI';;
.. rlIDDLE .... i!,..·,iiil~·
S .... ~:; TI::EET .. ,·,·lCJ :::: \.~...:~~ ? ~)
Ei-:;:' TI~:Ej.:: r. . !'l (.li"iE :::'C 90r'ii"iEF:CE
s..-c J: T'y' ::':l,li! JON I...tll<E
VEH .... j-j('I<E:
I·/EH·..·::; TYLE ::::.:~
'JE:H .... cn L. C.lr:; ::::BLU
VEH .... .,,[;.(';::: =::?6
VEH··-I... J C·.. ND ·:::I-:HC/.~23
S-·Cl... I:::(,F(E I! ::::CI.. n
I ..•L. r:, ::) T.... N(:1 ;'i 1': ::::j-jCli'!L.EY
I -·F 1: r;:~; T ··N,:'lhE "" C; II r~ I ~:i
I '-Ivi J n:Ol...E .... I·I(~\jvjE::
I -. Hc) HI;:: .... F;' HDj..! E
I,-OFF 1: CE' ·.. ·Pj·!()NC

P I~ I or;:, I T'r' :::: I... CJ L·J

T"·INJTrr:,1.. =::TI<
T 1: F':R'
S···L(~ll:; T ""i'!t'liviF ::::HDGtlN
S - F I I:~ ::; T.... N(I i'j E ::::,..IDHN
8-,/'1 I DDLE .... 1-1(1 i·'il:.
a···STI:;:EET ..··NtJ =::.1. 9:74:::.;
':> T I::: EET .... N(:)Ivj E ::::!;;(IN ,.JUt:1N
.. I CITY ::::I)ETF<DIT
\,11:::H .... /-i(:II\E =tli'i C;
'v'EH .... ::) TYL[ ==0
VEII .... COL(JF~ ::::))L.u
,1EH ..~YF(lF:
jEI·I·..·L J C .... NU
- .".. ,,- .....
 ~Jll", T I. JIll' I,JnL 1.11. L.W ... S ... I",('!.) T..· N{INE.
»HHt'lH
79
68 ~NTRIES QUALIFIED
>FIND F.I.
\,IHtd Hi THE: W·lI...Ur:: OF - B .... l...f!IElT--NM'iE
.' "I')(;,r'lH
,a,·
. . ' ,\' . 1. 1:.'1·\·:;:·
I, ,.)
j"ll:\
~, 1\ .., '"1::''[1::'''
.. I. , ... 1.1
>1"~I"Olri" SU'OTJ:I'"

SUBJECT TIP REPORT

HIDIILC Nf.1NE TIP NO.

l'I(JG(.li\i ~J(jHN
LOtJ :~722. Ot·
HCiG(~i'J P('~TF~ICI\
HOD;::,/,-! L Cll·J CL.I";: 37'72.0<
prl TI:;: I CI( UJ~J Cl.I:-': 4 ,,;:;! • O()\l

PRJ: DE'IT'I' ~"LmJ

T·.. INTTI{11.. "'TI<
TIF':n,
S -·L i~~::. T ,,··Nc·II··iL ::"HOC;(lN
S"'F J: F:':;T "'Pr'li-ir:: =::...JDHN
S···jvi T J.I:UL.t::··N()i'iE :":H
S·..·E.Tr:~E'E·r ,,-Hi)
s·. ~; TF EE'f' -""'('lliE ::~G(IN .IU(,N
S-'CJT'y' =::DC:Tr~Cl:t: T
IJEH·..·H('I;:r:: ::::/.',j"iC
VF::I+"~:.T'{LE: :::()
'.)EH .... COL OF: ::::BLU
l)E:~ I· ..· YF:: (\ F~ ::::.)

'·}EH·"l,. Ie ·..·NO ::~i··,iCS.l. '? .I.

S'''Cl. Fr'IF:r::r l

I -, L. (: ~::. T.. ' i',j (\ I iF:: :'11 l! C; i',1 j•.;

I •.. F TF:F'T .. ··N(·lhE ::::F::CiBEF:T
I -·j'i I 11 I'tl.. E .... i'~ ,''tHE
l-I'ICli-iE"'PI'ICIHF
I -·OFF I CE .... F'HC)i·~E

a ,JClr::J'Y"( ::::I...DI~1
. . . T,··TI'··!I'l"I(lt ::::Th'
T J: F' :11' ":: :37?~;~. ()O
S·..·L (IS T .... r:i~li..jr:: ::::HOG {I j,!
S'-'F J r;'f:i r .... j'!(IHE ::::F'(, T r~ TCI<
S - j-j T nnl. r: .... t!(lhl::
·::;·'·!;~THFF·r ..· uri
Vf I, 11111 I .. ..··IJI·::F j.j
') E. H·- S T'Y 1..1- 80
~)FII···Cnl. 01 ...
'JI:::II· .. ·iEf·lI;:
',I f.' '" .. I. T(. .... ;·10 '"' "~ HC'1 ;:l :.,~
,- r:1.. LJ1F\I::n :":C/./~:
, .f'l !;; T ·-N,·IHl'i: ::::;oj Ci iJ L. E Y
, ,;;':r r::GT .... Nfli'iI::: ~"CHr~ I !:l
1- rl T nnl... E ··.. 1'.1 r'li-j[~ ::::(.:1
I -H01"iE ·-PHONE
:r --OF F J: CI~:' ,PH ONE

pF:'f.Or:J:T'r' ~=I...Clt.oJ
T ... I ;'J ITT ':11.. ::::Th.
TH'·fl·
S-1..(:~!3·i .... i'/I=lHE ::':HDG(lr~
S-F I F~:~T ·.. 1')(11:[ ::::PtITH:I CI<
S ..·li J DDt. E"'!'!j:);"iE
S-S Tr·:FET .... Nn :,~B2()O

8-,5 T r;:[ ET .. ··N ":1 i"i I::: ::::F'OH"j T (,C; L()I</ii:

S-·CJTY ""I,'" tl TEF~ I:~ DF:n T to) I::'
V r:: 1·/··· H(II": I~:
~)i:~H··"ET·r'I.E
IJ EH··f' Cli. CI F:
I) EH .... YF: (1/::: -:::/ ~j

'•.lE/·I-·1... I C..··NO
s···eL.F {lfo.:CL!

,. "·I..J,S T .... HI:-li'iC :::'CClN!:) I DINE

. I P!3T .... i'!(.1 i'ir: ""(:1
* l'jl"f./DL.F:···'···!(liiC
r '- H0 (oj E .... F' 1·1 i) ,.j F
I "'OF F TCE .... I:·I·/DNE
 81

IV. BMF FILE

The purpose of the BMF file is to provide a means of tracking sus-

pecta once they have been processed through the tip file and iden-

tified as warranting further investigation. This file is broken

into two levels.

The first level, the BMF A, simply opens the file on an individual

and loads physical features, occupation, and vehicle information

pertaining to him. The second level, the B~W Bt is used to add

further information regarding a suspect's travel patterns and areas

of geographical interest to the suspect, such as hangouts, recre-

ational locations, land holdings, and others. The digitizing

tablet is used to enter the X,Y coordinates ot the various sites

identified on the BMF form, as well as paths of travel among the

various sites. This data can then be coupled with times of travel

and used to locate prime suspects in relation to occurrence sites

of the crime being investigated. This technique is essential in

a crime of this nature when the task force is faced with the nec-

essity of restructuring sexual molestations of children for two

years prior to the last homicide within the target area. It now

becomes possible to compare two patterns - that of a suspect and

that of the problem - to try and determine a relationship between

the two that warrants further investigation.

 PriurJty: L H
lV 82

SUBJECT OFFICER

BMF :fI (assigned by LEHS) Last:

'It: First: 'e

First: P. D. :

Middle: Address:

City: D/O/B: Ht. WL

Eyes: Hair: Sex: Race:

Occupation: Scars: Build:

Veh.MBke: Style: Color: Yr. : Lic.No.

Common Place
TRAVEL PATTERN (Max.D) Name Address Ci tr.

Residence (1)

Shopping (5)

Hangout (5)

Church (2)
•
Service Grps(5)

Recreation (5)

Land Holding (5)

Building Holding(5) ______________________________________________________________ ~-----

Work (2)

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION USE REVERSE SIDE

 ------------------------------ --

83
fJf:".~rl'J DATA a/,sc BI'Wi
U::.Vt·Lf.~:
1:3 HI IG~:1;
1 .( t:i'H:3:
A"'")l('HI ry, \II) i
• )~I, n;,li
, U20;
OFFT.C[:.I"/, U;'O;.
S-LAST-NAME, U20;
S-F lI~ST-·N(\J·lr::., U 1 0;
S'-~Il DDLU -'NAt'IE I U 10 i
S-S'( rH:.E r, tI~,~Oi
13-'C 1'1 Y , U~20;
s···m- X, J J i
5-1"/(\CI:., J J.;
5·'·f.\C(\f~ f.11 J. J j
S"f.lUJ L.D. 11;
S-Dl)I~N-IIO, 11 i
S-'UOl ~N-·n(W, 11;
'S"'DU'~I~-YIL J 1i
S-·(IE1GHT, .l.ti
S-~YE-CULOI"/, UJO;
S-llt,IR-CDum, Ul0;
\}EI'I'~I(\I<'[~,UI) i
VEl J··f:)lYU~, J 1 i
VEH-'COLlJIl, U6;
VEII'-YH, 1 J;
VEIl-I. J. (;-+10, U 12;
s··nec UP (\1 1 OJ'.I, I 1;
\ ''In, J ,I ;
]:rnEt'-ICI:::, U2()i
, ...:iJ.DEI'ICF·,X, 11;
RES) IJEN(;E·-Y, 11;
51·lm' , U; 10 i
SHOII··X, J.1i
SI·(Cl(J-·Y, 1.1;
H{~r'I(';( IUT, U~W;
H(-\NGOlrr·~x, 11 i
~k\i'WOUT"'Y' J 1i
CHunCH, \,20;
C~llJHC:H"X, ) 1. i
CHLJIICH-·Y, J 1 i
SE(,( \IE I U~2() i
SEHVI::--X, 1.1 i
SEH\)F •. y, 11 i
REcm::ATJ.Dj'.I, U20i
RI::.CHl::'-X, J J ;
RECHE"Y, J J i
LAt·IU, U:'Oi
LAnD -x, 1,\;
LN·'!, .y, J.I;
DUJL.D, U;:!()i
DLJlI.:D·-X, 1.1;
BUILD-V, I J i
SE1S:
'1[-: Tll',(\;
._ .mY: T)P~)(8)i
CAP;'\CITY: :300i
WORK-X, 11:
WORK-Y, 11;
NAHE: DEPT,AUTOMATIC;
 84
({WAC) 1Y: 50,
NAi'II-: L(\:rr,Ai
EN lifO(: f}--L MIl-N'\I'1E «(3) i
r.(\P(\CIJ'f: :J<.IOi
NAIll:: FJIW'I,Ai
my: D-FJflEIT-i'lAI'1E( 1);
,'(\C 1 'I ,'I: :300;
t-Jf.'tl'IE: S'I JH.:::r, 'J , Ai
ENTRY: S--STHEET (1);
CAPACIT'I: 300;
NAME: (;.1'1'1'(\;
EI'lrH'l: ~j'-CJ'JY(l);
C (W (\ (; J 'r '{ : .I 0 () j
NI\t'Il:: 1'11'.1\1.:, (\ j
EI'nHY: VI.:H-'l'lAI<'E e 1 );
CAPAC I TY: J tiOi
f\lAI'll!: LJ CL:~IUE, Ai
E"ITI~Y: VL.I+LIC-NO( 1) i
cr.-,rAC 1 T'I: :J()Oi

N(\I'IE: m'l/', 111-::1" A I U

ENTI~Y: PRIORITY, TIP#(TIF'), PJ)(DEPT), ClfFICER, B·-LA8T-NI'.r1E(LAST),
S-F I RST-I'IP,I'IE (F I RE.'H ), 5-111 DDLE-I\Ii'lI"IE, S-STI\EE l' (S-T I~EET>,
S-CITY(Cll'Y), S-SEX, S-RACE, S-SCARS, S-UUILD, S-BORN-MO,
S-I3UI"U,I-Dr\Y, S-l.HJI.nl··YR, S'-f'IE I (~HT, S-EYE-~OUm,
S-+I(\ I r<-COLDR, I...'EI~-I'IAV\E (nAl-<'E) I VEH-STYLE, VEH-COI_OR,
VEH--YR, VEI-I-LIC-NOeLICENSE), RESIDENCE, RES1lJl:::r~CE-X,
REL::; J IlEI'ICI:':-'Y,
8-(JCr,UPAT l(lN, VOF<;
r.,.\pI\Crry: :JOOi

.t'lE- BIIUr'PH,JO, [If:'TAlLi

EI\ITHY: T:£PH (TIP), S-LAST-I\IAI'IE(LAST), SHOP, SHOP-X, 5HOP--Y;
CAPAr,JTY: 1;200;

Nr\tK: HMWUlJTS, Di
ENTHY: T 1 P~l (T 1 P ) , S-LP,ST-I',lt),j"lE (LAST) , HANGOUT, HAr-IGLJUT-):, HANGOUT-Yi
C(~I'(\C J 'r'f; 1200i

NAt'IE: CIIUnCIIS, Di
EHl HY: "1'1 PH ( T1 P ) , S'-LA!3T-NAI'iE (LAST) I CHUHCH, CHUHCH--X, CHUHCH-Yi
CAr(\CITY: 600i

NA/'lE: SEIIV 1 CES, Di

EhI1IiY: 1 I P:!I (T I P ) , S-L.AST-NAI"IE (LAST) , SERVE, SEr~VE-X, SERVf:.-Y i
CAPACITY: 'JOOi

"'/i~lf': RLCn.t:ATE, Di
EN'TF~Y: 1 I P!t ( T 1 P ) , S-LAST-NAI'IE. (LAST) , RECHEAT ION, rH:.CRE-'X , ~~ ECr~E-Y;
CAP,\CI TY: .l:~OOi

NNIE. L('tI',lDlllJLD, Di
EI'J my: 11 PH (T ~ P), S-LAS1-I-IAME (LAST) I LAND, LI'.ND-X, LAND-Y;
CAPACITY: '700i

'It-IE: mJJ LIn NG, Di

IT R Y : 1 I Pit ( T I r ) , S- LAS 1 - "I A 1"1 E ( LAS T ) I D U I L D, 13 U 1 UJ - X I B U ! L D -- Y i
CM'AC 1 T'I: 'JOOi
 85

IV. VICTIMIZATION FILE

The primary purpose of the victimization File is to establish a

central file of all reported sex crimes involving children i.n
southeastern Oakland County. About 30 police departments were
asked to complete a victimization sheet for all sex crimes
involving children that had been received since January I, 1975,
to date. With the establishment of this file, it is now possible
to look at the geographical area of southeastern Oakland County
without the restraints of police jurisdictions. 'l'he file can be
searched to find similar circumstances surrounding specific types
of crimes, which, in essence, is patter~ analysis that could not
be done without a central file of surrounding police jurisdictions.

ENTERING INFORMATION INTO DATA BASE

There are no names entered in this file, therefore there is very

little use of. Alpha Numerics. The only need for a Alpha Numeric
Field is for Vehicle-Information. The following rules for entry
of Vehicle Information \.,ere established.

1. Vehicle Make will be entered by using the first

four letters of the proper spelling of the makE\.

2. Vehicle Colors will be entered by using the

following color codes. If more than one color
is used, only enter one color (If Brown over Blue,
enter as Blue.)

BLACK = BLK LIGHT = LHT

BLUE = BLU ORANGE = ORG
BROWN = BRN PINK = PNK
BEIGE = BGE PURPLE = PRP
DARK = DRK RED RED
GREEN = GRN SILVER = SLV
GRAY = GRY TAN = TAN
GOLD = GLD WHITE = WHT .
' ~

YELLOW = YEL
ANY COLOR NOT LISTED = OTH

3. Do not hyphen, space, or dash License Numbers.

(Example: SSH431, not SSH-43l)

4. If more than one License Number, enter incident twice I'

but only digitize once

5. All other entry codes were obtained from the

victimization sheet (attached).
 86

All location information is entered by using a digitizing pad,

which is nothinl;T more than an electronic board with several
thousand wires :running horizontally and vertically. By
placing a map o~er the pad, any point on the map can be
pin-pointed by using X-Y coordinates.

QUERYING TH¥ VICTI!1IZATION DATA BASE

There are 42 bits of information stored in the victimization data

base. They are as follows:

JURIS # = Department's LEIN Number

COMP # = Complaint Number
CRIME = Type of Crime Reported
OCC-SITE = Occurrence Site
OCC-TIME = Occurrence Time
DROP-DOW = Drop Day of Week
DROP-TIME Drop Time
DROP-MON = Drop Month
DROP-DAY = Drop Day
DROP-YR Drop Year
V-Race Victim's Race
V-Age = Victim's Age
S-Height = Subject's Height
S-Build Subject's Build
S-Glasses Subject's Glasses (Yes or No)
S-Age = Subject's Age
S-Sex = Subject's Sex
S-Race Subject's Race
S-Hair Subject's Hair
MO-Lure = Type of Lure Used
Veh-Make Vehicle Make
Veh-Style Vehicle Style
Veh-Color = Vehicle Color
Veh-Lic-No = Vehicle License Number
Veh-Int-Desc. = Vehicle Interior Description
Incid-X-Coor Incident "X" Coordinate
Incid-Y-Coor Incident "Y" Coordinate
Drop-X-Coo:r = Drop "X" Coordinate
Drop-Y-Coor = Drop "Y" Coordinate
V-Res-X-Coor = Vic/:im Residence "X" Coordinate
V-Res-Y-Coor Victim Residence "Y" Coordinate
S-Res-X-Coor Subj ect. Residence "X" Coordinate
S-Res-Y-Coor = Subject Residence "Y" Coordinate
 87

Becl.iuse of the unlimited number of information bits that can be used

to query this Data Base, only a few automatic finds were established.
They are as follows:

VI = Vehicle License Number

V2 = Vehicle by Make and Color
V3 = Suspect by Hair Color, Age and Build

To run these finds, "the Investigator would type: "F VI" and hit
Return. The compU\;er then asks: "What is the Value of Veh-Lic-No."
The Investigator then types in the License Number and hits the
Return Key. The computer then replies How many - if any - entries
qualify.

REPORTS

Only two reports have Leen automated for the Investigators.

They are the victim Report (VICREPl and Suspect Repor"t
(SUSREP). The victim Report gives all the information on
victims and the Suspect Report gives all the information on
suspects.

".
 88
VICTlHIZATl':":J FILE

POllCE DEPA~TKENT:

lMP\..AI~T ~t1XBER:

\'{~ OF CRUtE: l-RAPE 2-S0DDM'l 3-BOTIl 4-MOLEST 5-ACCOST

6-IND.LIB. 7-IND. EXP. 8-sUSP ° PERSON

LOCATION: (Cross S tree ts) I-Buso ____ 2-Res. ____ 3-0ther

DATE OCCURRED: Mon th :_ _ DAY:_.. Year':_ TIME OCCURRED: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

DROP SITE: (Cross Streets) ___________ I-Buso_ 2-Res._ 3-0ther_

DATE DROPPED: Honth: ____ Day: ___ Year: ____ TI~ffi DROPPED:

VICTIM INFOR}~TION: Residence (Cross Streets)

RACE: l-Whi te 2-Black 3-0ther

SEX: I-HALE 2-FE~~LE

AGE:

SUSPECT INFOR}~TIO~: Residence

HEIGHT: Ft. In ° Glasses: I-Yes 2-No

BUILD: l-Heavy _ 2-Medium_ _ 3-S lender ___

AGE: (1) 20-30 _ _ (2) 30-40 _ (3) 40-50

SEX: I-HALE 2-FEMALE

RACE: I-vlhite 2-Black

HAIR COLOR: I-BlAck 2-Brn 3-Blnd 4-Gray ___ 5~Other

M.O. LURE: I-Coercion 2-Asko Aid 3-0ffers Aid 4-Bribe

5-Goes Willingly ___ 6-Hitchhiking___ 7-0thcr

VEHICLE INFOIU1ATlON: Nuke:

Mode 1: I-Two Door 2-Four Door 3-Van

4-Sta.Wag. _ _ 5-0ther
Base Color:

Plate Number:

AGE: (1) 74-77 (2) 70-73 (3) Older

INTERIOR DESCRIPTION: ( 1) Yes (2) No
 SCHOOL INCIDI NT FOHM 89

SCHOOL:
----------------------.-----
tJ'"'MPLA I NT NUMBBR : ___________

vJICE: l-Loud 2-Soft 3-Clea r 4-Unclear 5-Accent

6-Deaf/Dumb___ 7-Doesn't Speak Eng1ish _ _ 8-0lhel' _ _ ___
LOCATION: (Cross St:reets) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I-Bus 2-Res 3-0th~r

DATE OCCURRED: Month _ _ __ Day Year Time Occurred: __________

---- -----
SCHOOL SITE:(Cross Streets)
----_._------------------------------
NUMBER OF SUSPECTS: (1) (2) (3 ) (More)
VICTHl INFORMATION: Residence (Cross Streets) ______.____________

RACE: I-White 2-Black 3-0ther

SEX: I-Ma Ie 2-Female
AGE: _ _ _ _ __

SUSPECT INFORMATION: Residence

------------------- .-,-~--.--

Cross Stree ts
HEIGHT: Ft. ____ In. GLA SSES: I-Yes
---
BUILD: I-Heavy_ 2-Medium 3-Slender
AGE: (1) 20-30__ (2) 30-40__ (3) 40-50

SEX: I-Ma Ie 2-Female

RACE: I-White 2-Black 3-0ther _ _

HAIR COLOR: I-BIack ___ 2-Brn 3-Blnd 4-Gray _ _ 5-0ther ___

M.O. LURE: I-Coercion 2-Asks Aid 3-0ffers Aid 4-Bribe _ _

5-Takes Picture ___ 6-Hitchhiking ___ 7-0ther ___________

VEHICLE INFORMATION: Make: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Model: I-Two Door 2-Four Door

4-Sta. Wag~ 5-0ther

Base CoIor: ___________________________

Plate Number:
Age: (1)74-77_ (2)70-73_ (3)Older _ __

Interior Description: (1) Yes____ (2)No

SUSPICIOUS CIRCUMSTANCE: (Brief) __________~_______________
 90
DEC Jt.1 1)(\ 1 A IlAS[ VIC r HI;
LI:"VI~I.:i:
1 :.,
I 'J'[= rl~i:
dUI~UJ, ).1 j

11, lit-, ;
IF , JJ;
DeC'-SITr:;, Ili
OCC-l HiF, r:t i
OCC'-']JUll V4;
oce·-t'lIlt·I, 11 j
OCC···J.),\Y, II;
(JC(;"'Y({, )1i
mWp-tIJH~, 11 i
DFlLlP--T HII:, Iii
m1Dr"'DDl-J, V4;
DFWI'- j'lOH, J J;
DrmfJ-l.\(w, 1.1 i
,DRup·-yn I J J;
V -'RACE, J. J ;
v-sr.; XI ] J;
v-·r\(~f·:, 1J j
S-'HE: 1 (~H'I, ) J;
s-uu 11. 1), ) .1 i
S'-GLASSI'!:J, II;
S-~,GE, 11 i
S--SE X, ) 1;
S-RAcr::, 1 J i
S-Ht\IIL J j ;
I'(rJ-L.UIH::':, I J ;
t-IAI~F, till;
·S·I YI. I: , 1 1 ;
VEH·-C Gum, v II j
VE:.fl-L J C-f'l/U, VI0;
VEI~-AGE, 1. J ;
VEH'-ItH-'DESr:;, 11;
INC1U-X -COlIn, II;
INCID·-Y·C(](.IIL ! l ;
DFWfJ-X-CUlln, 11;
mWp-Y-CUfIlL I I i
V-HI?S'-X'-CO( IlL 11;
v-,nEFl'-Y-(;(J[II(, 11. i
S-R E8-- >: --C (JlIn, I 1 ;
S-HES-Y-CDlJR, 11;

SETS:

Nt-',I't!=: Jvn 1 !311, .I.\Ul ml,6,T 1 C;

EN my: \ HJn ) ~; ( 1 ) j
C(\I't\c 1 'I' '(: ~iO j
NAI'IL: emil', (\U rClt1AT Ie;
EN'l I<Y: CUt'\I~H ( 1 ) ;
CAPAC I TY: 3000;
NAI'IE: en 1 ME::.:T, AUTOl'lAT lei
ENTHY: en HIE ( 1);
AC J TY: J ();
r:;: TCln, AlJ'll1t'I/\TIC;
EtHn'(: (JCC--TIME(l);
 I,IN'W 1)1)0, "',l} i LIIIt\1 1 C i 91
EN'I n V: OC C' DOl'S ( 1 ) i
(;(.\111",(';)'1'(: 0;
N(\~Ir::
A(:[(:i, AUrmlATICi
ENTW{: !:3 ··N~:r:: ( 1 ) i
',,\CJTY: :ij
• " : I'IU, (\i
E·.I~ II~V: I'IU-LUI~I::( 1.) i
CAr1ACITY: 10i
NAf'IE: C~IA:<.l:, Ai
ENTI~ Y: Vl::H-'I'IAI',E ( 1 ) ;
C,\PAC 1'1 Y: ~200i
I'/AI',E: CC()UJIL Ai
ENTnV: VEl I-'COLDR (1.) j
CAPACITY: ~JOi
N(\~II:. : L) C EI':!'3E I f\ i
ENTRY: VEli-LIC-I'IO( 1) j

CI-\PAC I TV: 3000;

'NAI'I!:': V I C1 11'1, Dr:.TA I Li

ENTH'f: ~)UI~JG(JunI~:;U),
CDt"il J U(Cm'1P), CI~111E(CI~H1f.~:f),
oce-'SI n-:, OCC-'T HIE (TOO), Dec -DLll'J (DOD),
Dec .. t'1OtI, OCC-D":W, oec,,'Yfl, Dnop-s I TE', DROF'-T II'Il;,
DRllf''''IJOv l , DnOP-11C1N, DnOP-D!~\Y I DHOp·_·YH, V-·f{f\Cf.,
V--SE>:, V-f\(.~E, S-I-IEIGHT, S-BUILD, 6-GLASSES, S-'f\GE(AGES), S':"SEX,
S-R(\CE, S'''H,t.>.IR, I'lll-LUliE(f'1CJ), VEH,-t1AKE(CI1,N<'E),
VEH-Sl YLEt VEH-CDI.,LlH (CCDLOR ), Vr:.:H-L I C-'NLl (L I CEI\I~:;I::)
VEI·I-·I\C~F., VF:I'I-INT-DESC, II'JCID-X-COOR, INCID'-'Y-COOH
DROP-X-COOR, DROP-Y-Coon, V-RES-X-COOR, V-RES-Y-COOR,
S-RES-x-·corm, !3-r\ES-Y-COor-<i
.·'f',CIT·(: SOOOi
 92
DA1A HMjC. VICTH! F~~ I, ,\UG ~, 19'F1, 10: f 7 MI

SIZT ~I/\I'II::
,JUH 1. nil, (\\}'J DI'jA TIC

I TI~I'I!1:
\.)UH IS, 11 '~':'(I~EY I1 EI'I»

CAPACITY: 50 ENTRIES: 313

EiE"r 1,1,.\i'II": :
cm'I!', (\\rr n11,~ TIC
J TEI'I:1:
COl'IP:t\, U6 <<:I,EY 11 EM»

C(\r'/~CITY: 3000 ENTR IES: 121:.')

SFI Nf'l.j"II_:
CI{)t'IL:T,I\UTmlATIC

) Tr:.I·I~j:
en IME, 11

CAPACITY: 10 ENTR rr::s: 9

NfIt H::
'IDU, AUTlll'lp, rI C

] TEt'l~l:
DeC-TH1E, Ii «KEY ITEM)?

C(WACITY: 1500 EN1RIE.S: 30!]

SE"I t,tM'II::
DUD, "\UT()i\l/~ TIC

J Tl:.I"\!;:
(J(:C-DOv)' U4

(:,WACJTY: [l ENTRIES: [-I

~]El "t;\t'IL::
I\(JE.~j, (\\.l'I rWi,,\T I C

1 T\:-11;-';:
tJ-','\'GE, 11 «KEY ITEM:»

CAPACITY: 5 ENTRIES: tI
 11 EI'H): 93
tlU-'LlJr~E, 11 «It.EY ITEI'I»
C(\PACITY: 10 ENTHlE''',: B

81::. I "'(\~IC: .
Ct-lfil~r.::, AtJ'! Ot'i/\'f I C

J '1'1:.1-13:
VEl 1-t-1 AI,,!:,:: , «l\EY ITEM»
(;(\I1A(: J. TY: 200 ENTR rr:::s: 'I J.

SET NAn~:
CC(]UJI~, (\UTOI'I(\TIC

J T[_I'I~.;:
VEII-C OLOR ! U4 «KEY ITEM»

ENTRIES: 21

SET N(\tIE:
LICEN8E,AUTOMATIC

) TEt-IS:
VU·\-L.i.C-NO. UiO «KEY J1EM»

,,(\PA(:lTY: 3000 ENTR 1 ES: 3~Y\

SET "'At'll::
V),CTHI, DETAIL

] TEl'lr;:
dUH I,E;, I 1 «SEAHCH ] '\ EI1»
c ()l-Il' ~t , U6 <'<SEf.~RCH J 1 Et'I»
CH Jr'IE, 11 «SEA,RCH 11 E.M»
nee-SITE, 11
OC:C-,T HIE, 11 «SE(\nCH ]"r t::I"i»
(l c: C '-.0 III ,J, \.)1\ «SEA.RCH l1L:t1»
nCG-'J'10N, 11
IJCC-DI\Y, 11
11CC-~{R. U.
Df1(JF'-S I1 E, I1
DlWP;-T H1E, I1
mmp;-DmJ, UII-
Df 1lI1";-f Kif ,I , I1
IHUlP-D/W, 11
f)fHJP,-YR, 11
V-H/\CE, 11
V-BE.X, 11
V-'AGE, 11
S--IIE,l GHl • 11
S -UUILD, 11
S'-GLASSES, 11
 94

:) ~il..h, 11
!i··nA~:E, 11
~i ·+IA). n, 11
t'\U-·LUrH'::, I1 <':CSl":AnCII ) 1 [-.Ii>:>
Vl~li- l'Ir-.I~E, UI.I «SL:AHCH 11 Et'I»
Vr.:.II-STYI..E, I1
VE:\\-'CDLl1n, U~ <-(SEARCH 1n-.M:>:::·
Vt::II-LIC-NO, UI0 «SEAnCI~ 11 E.M»
V[:II-t='IGF.:, I1
VL::II- I I'JT-'DESC, 11
I NC I D-X--COOR, 11
INC I D-Y'--COOR, I1
ntwP-x-c(Jr)H , 1.1
DlH1P'-y-- c(Jon, . Il
V-HES-X--·cotJ" I 11
v-nEs-·Y--CDDrl , I1
G· -IIEEi-X -·coon, IJ
s--·n Ef:i-'Y-C CJOFI , 11

CAPACITY: 3000 ENTRIES: 203~

PATH rm:.NTlr-YING INFIJRMATION

ASS()CIATED
r ER SET \'I~,I'IE DET{\IL SET NAI'IE St::,~RCH ITEI'1 NAMt::: SOI~T ITEI~I NAt'IE

YICTH1 JURIS

cmIF'. V I CT HI

cn I ~II;.T V leT J.l'1 CR Il'lE

TOO YICTII'I DCC-TU1E

DDO VICTHI OCC-Dml

AGES VICTHI S-AGE::

I'ID VICT HI tvIO-LURE

VICTH1

ccoum VICT1I"1 VEH-Cl1LOI~

LJ CF~NSE. V leT HI VEH-L!C-NO

ASSOCIATED
AIL SET NAME SEARCH ITEM NAME SORT ITEM NAME Nt-.STER SET NAt-IE

VICTH1 ! ,,iUR I S . . 'ur~ I s*t

COl'lPH COt-iP
 95
ATE!)
('~Sf-;nf:)
[I[T ("I'll.. (:)E"(, j,jr"IHI:: NMiT EF: m::
T NA1'1\::"

e "TIH ! "ll.lF: '1'1:)

CCii"ir: 'n
.JI.JR f !5:n·
COt'lF'
c:.r~ 1: 1','1 E CRIMET
DC C-' T:r. piE:: lOCI
nec -.. DC) ',J non
!;i·..·(..lCii::. fiGCf.;
l·iCl· ..·l..llf:;C MO
\,IF!I····i"j(II<E Ct-'i(.ll<C
I) F H .... CD I... Ci I:;: ccnl...(JI~:

I,.JEII·"I... I C····HCl LICEN!:;\::

 96

VICTIMIZATION FINDS

All of the automatic finds have been preset to search for victims

between the ages of 8 and 15 and all cities within the target area.

The automatic finds are:

1. SAGE = Suspec t "s Age

2. LURE = HO-Lure
3. COLOR = Vehicle Color
4. CRUtE = Type of Crime
5. VEHCOLOR = Vehicle Hake & Color
6. SUSPECT g Retrieves All Information on Suspect
7. SUSPECTT = Suspect Theory, asks 12 questions about suspect,
time, vehicle, etc.
8. VEHCRIME = Vehicle Crime, matches vehicles used in specific
crime types.
9. CRLU = Crime Lure, matches crimes with lures.
10. SAVA = Suspect Age; Victim Age, matches age.
11. HOLEXP = Holest & Indecent Exposure Crimes Only
12. DOW = Day of Week
13. nOWTINE = Day of Week and Time Occurred
14. VEHICLE = Finds Vehicle Make
15. OCCMONTH = OCC-,J-toNTH by Da te
16. OCCDAY = OCC-DAY by Date
17. VEHICLET = Vehicle Total, all information on vehicle
18. SHAIR = Suspect Hair Color
19. S-BUILD = Suspect Build
20. S-HEIGHT = Suspect Height (range check)
 97

VICTIM FILE
V2hicle Report

:3 L: i,J rI;: :I, F !:) nU(I 1",1 FIe 1'1

>r~ l,11Cj::EF'

VICTTN l:i;EPUI'~T

,Jur:: cni'Ir:':11 \"II':.H COL um V .... (.1 GE C'

.,) F< cr~ TIME nOv)
'7.1. i~ ().1. I) "'1l, () OI .. f1~; lIL.11 7 ]1. :3 ;.~ :l. 1\ \)
(?99 (, () 0 () ~~ ::i (.) I... [l ~:; rlLU "p
... JO 1. :I. 2 1 ~~()'o
..,
;.

99S' ()(I () 0 (;~:~ OI...D::i IH.. U I 1.:1, :J. :l. 0 20:?;O SUN
 98
T!(.IF.r :, .. 11 I i, ·i.I'1
F'M:r;[·/nj·.. :tI :,., ~ VICTIM rILE
t·j (J 1.1 F';· '''.. Suspect Heport
rlt'l"t'"" iW'r "",1/ en i'i
C "0 r' J: I. r:. '," i~
OF )~I:; t 1 F J 1'01:::

>Flr!'O t}.I.
vJH(.IT Ii.; THE W·ll .. UE or" .... !;'o"XiUIL..D

~JH(IT JG rl'/I:;: \)(ll .. UF: DF ... S·..·t-:IGE::

»:1
L,.IHi:\T· n: "fliE WIL.i II:: OF .... !:\ .... J·liHr~
>. :.:. ::~
~JH(I'i J<5 TJ'!C "It'll. UI::: OF .... !;')o.. HEIGH·T
»~.:iO(r
vH·\(d· H> THE "I(,d.Ur::. DF .... [i·,,+IEJGHT

60 Ci,ITr;:JE!:; 1](1(IL.Jr:-rr::n
>r~ t;U~:;r::L:F'

,iU!;; !:; .... /·'GE: HGr Dl...lJ He ceDI. . cr:: II C.I VI T T. i'i E:
2{. .J. '/' ~5 .::. () .I. t3 .I. f3()9 () r~ [) FI~;I :1.:3.J.!','i ..
I.' O(,iOOOO
'? f::; ~~ :'!,; .I I~·) .1. 60(1 000 b Sf-IT :/.5:1!'.:; 00000,)
::;~:) s:· :l. ~::j.1. 0 .ol
,.... ()()() 1. f:;(',T ~5()O :1.7 O()c)()OOa
::5 ~J ~~. (I (:I .#~l \~~ ~~ .t :L :.=:.: () \? "l
•• ....? ()()() .<) GlJ I\J :1. ~? :':~ ~~j i' (;. () CI () C· ( , .
:1.4
C' J. (;I ;;~ !:'i ~~~ .I. \~) () (j
'? TUr::'~; 2.1.2'7 .. ~ r) .,
•·.. u (,C'O()()()
:1. li ()(j ..':) , 1~:En 4 hC'l~! :?:I. 4 /'
I

() 1.7 00000·:"
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i'iJlf
_, .r
 e e
S. E. OAKLAND CO. BY CRIME TYPE: 4 5 6 ~
j
x
x

x x x
X
>tX X
X X
x x
Xx
VICTIM RE~IOfNCE x x~x X r
X X xX
~
~
x x

1.0
1.0

x
x x
x x x

x
x )( X

x x
x

x X
x X

X<x
x X X
ALL REPORTED CRIMES AS OF MAY 11,1977 (467 QUALIFIED)

TROY

Bl11HlS
x

~
IS tI III, • III
. -lIt-
H
" "',,
III X •
X l-'
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X

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x~ vh,X :~ X "
Xx
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- -~ ~-~------&
. . . . . . . . .S.S~
. • . -......--~-_-- _ _ _ -~-------

ALL INCIDENTS INVOLVING SUBJECT AGE 20-30 / MED BLD, RN HAIR. (20 )

INCIDOO LDCATlOH
..
x
TROY

..
..
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,.

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 -~------- . .q;-----..-~- --------- --------- -- ---- -
WHITE VANS REPORTED AND UNREPORTED INCIDENTS

INCIDOO lOCltlroH
~E COLOR S"m£ UCENSEt ...uus JXN TROY
0003 \lHT 3 ooeeee 316 \lEI>
~08 \lHT :3 eooeoo 2St \lED
fOPJ> \lHT 3 eeoooo 999
0008 \lHT :3 00000o 999
CHEV \niT :3 0002100 394 1lf.R
CHEV \lHT :3 ooeooe 999
ee98 \lHT :3 eeeaee 394 ru::s
Be88 \lHT ::. 000000 009
8009 \/liT :3 RTL32e 627 stfl
CHEV WHT :3 2.035f'X 394 \lED
CHEV \lHT :3 203SF'X 394 \lEI>
eooe \l1iT :3 230Sl<J 394 \lED

I-'
o
w
~JI..UE CARS REPORTED TO POLICE ALONG WOODWARD.

!~,,, j>£.1fT LOCAlION

:;~;~C COLOR ST'\'LE UCENSE+ ..JtRIS 00\1 TROY
~ BLU I 000000 261 \lED
~·:r.D BLU I 00000o 2.59 HON
(lL!>S BLU e HBR827 2S9 ~
f':'RD BLU I 00000o 259 \lED
~ BLU e 00000o 259 m..R
r-fYC BLU e tffl73i 714 I"lI:.W
ClJ)S BLU I 00000o 714
i'tlrH BLU 4 ...tSZ.e38 7:4 TUES
t!~e BLU e eeoooo 251 TH.R
~i.·)0 BLU e RDCS311 251 t10N
1lO.,a BLU 3 2:9L5FV 7'"
tv..J.l~ BLU e 00000o 251 ltJf:S
POPS BLU e NVPS80 251 11JES
Mea DLU e 000000 251 1UE'S
H'RD BLU eeeeoo 251 \lEI)
ct-lCV 6LU
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251
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tal
lUES
£~c}0 6LU 9 eee000 251 It.JE:S
C:~EV BLU I UTl.467 7i4 ~
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i'''1~ BLU I 00000o 251 tQI 0
01=>
~f::V BLU 2 TI<~74 114 flU
f r.;u> BLU I 00000o 714 FEU
FmILS "
f('.R1> BLU S t3OO€N 714 l10N
POHT BLU 9 eooaoo 394 TUES
Cl-:EV BLU 2 ooooea 394 \lED
f~ BLU e eooooe 394 \lEI) "
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 - • - --

~LL UNREPORTED INCIDENTS

oX zs
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*
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GREEN CARS DRIVEN BY SUBJECT AGE 20-30, BROWN HAIR, MED. BLD. ( 2)

l}ICIDOO lOCAllOH
HAKE COLm STYl...E UCENSEf ~ 00\1
PONT SR.~ I eeeeoo 764
PLYH BRN I eooeoo 999
eeoo 6RN 2 00000o 999
CHEY GRtl I TIJ42S 764
eaaa GRN I 00000o 999
CHEY G'P~~ 5 ~ 999
CHEY BRN e 000'ile0 999
PONT 6RH e 00000C;: 389
eaaa 6RN I eeoooo 39<
CHEY 6RH e TIJ42S 765
PONT SRN I eeeeoo 765
HERe 6RH I eeeeoo 389

I-'
o
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 u _
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ALL REPORTED INCIDENTS (467 WITH COORIDATES)

lit x
III
X
x
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x

IS

x I-'
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~

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 108

V. CHECK FILE

This file is used as a "Yellow Pages" for subjects who have been
a tip on the other homicides, arrested for a sex crime, or are
presently wanted for a sex crime. The information in this file
was obtained for existing computer tapes from the FBI and CLEMIS
system.

QUERYING THE CHECK FILE:

Only two Find Commands are needed for this file:

1. Cl = Subject by Last Name

2. C2 = Subject by First and Last Name

The Investigator types in "F ClIO and hits Return Key and the
computer asks: "What is the Value of Subject-Last-Name". The
Investigator types in the Last Name and hits the Return Key.
The computer then responds with the number of entries which
q\!3.lify.

REPORTS

Only one report is needed for this file and that is the Check
Report (CHKREP). This report provides the Sm)ject's Name,
File Code and ID#.
 LLVL-.U:;: 109
Hi
I"1UI~~:
l.EI Nil, tJ 1 0;
!:;·-I.,\H I "-~lt\I'if·., U;.'O;
a ~:-J.r~ST·-NAt·IE, lJ1. 0;
,., \l)))[~G;!~, U;.:!O;
Ell r,'1 U~;, U2;
FII.F-l YI'I:., U'l ;
11)11, lJ 1 0;
51:'1 Fi:
t'It\i'Il:: L ,\tiT, i'\;
EI'I n~y: S--L,\ST--l\lAI"IE:: ( 1 );
C,:,p ,'Ie I T'(: ~)IJ 00 i
Nt-,t'II:: F'I In:)'! , f\ i
EN r HY: fj'-F J IlS T-1-IAI'IE ( 1 ) ;
c ~p /\e 1. 'r Y: '1 (JOO i
NMIE: U:: HI, A;
ENTI~,{: U::UliI(l)i
CAPAC J '1''(: ~250i
NMI!:: J)), Ai
EI'nll,(: >J)H(l);
C,~J'lACITY: 7300;
NAtIF: pI.:nSlJNS, Di
ENTH Y: LE Hilt (L r:-: IN), 5·-L(ISl-I'IAI'1E (LAST) , S-F I RST-~-II\I\IE: (F I RST) ,
S-ADDRESs, STATUS, FILE-TYPE, ID#(Ib)i
CAP/\CI'rY; DbO?i
END,
 110
DATA n/\rH-:': CHECK FHI, '\lI0 5, 19,7, 10: 2:5 I\M

SE', NAt'IE:
LAt·n, AtJ'l at'IAT I C

1 TI~'!'I:'j:
S-LAST-NAt1E, U20 «KEY ITE~»

C(\PA(;IT'(; 5400 ENTRIES; 5323

SE.T NAI'It:::
FInSl, {I,UTOI1(ITIC

JTI.:I'IG:
, S"FII~ST-Nt\t1E, UiO (~<I~EY ITEM»

C(~PACl.1Y: '1600 ENTRIES: 41J.'10

SET N("!'II:::
LE IN, AUlOl1AT Ie

) TJ::I"I!3:
LF 1 Nit. U10 (Ql.,EY ITE.t1»

C(\PACITY: 250 EI\lTRIES: 195

r t'I(:;t'IE:
ID, AU'1 m'I("TIC

lH:t'I:',:
Jun, U10 <<:I-<.EY ITEM»

(;(\1'1\(: I TV: 7:100 ENTR IES: 7~:!43

SE'T N(lflF,:
PERSONS,UETAIL

JTl.::t'm:
LE J 1\111, U10 «SEARCH 111::1"1»
!-1-LAF.>T-'N,'\t'1E, U20 <'<SE("RCH 11 [:'11»
S -F I f{ST,,'I\IAI"IE, UIO «SEARCH I', Eli»
S"'AODIIEsn, U20
~iI ,\TUE;. U2
r-J LE,-TYPE, U4
I l)~!, UIO «:SEARCH l1E:.1"1»

CAPACITYl 8603 ENTRIES: 8436

 111

PATH IDENTIFYING INFOlUiATlON

ASSOCIATED
NASTER SET NAME DETAIL SET NM1E SEARf,H lTDl NAME SORT ITEH NAHE

LAST PERSONS S-LAST-NAl'1E

FIRST PERSONS S-FIRST-NANE

LEIN PERSONS LEINfi

10 PERSONS IDfl

ASSOCIATED
DETAIL SET NAl'm SEARCH ITEH NAME SORT ITEM NAHE MASTER SET NAME

PERSONS LEINfI LEIN

S-LAST-NANE LAST
S- FIRST-NAI1E FIRST
lOll 10
 112
j?'{ln:' '('.IWq
r'(:l t ,",l,I(H;:\1
:; " CHECK FILE REPORT
H('ll'lr. ,:' ':i
(i I"'j' '.. I" i;' ~,( j j1!;
·'''CIII.
UF :' I to i . .I. L I.:.
::·FJHll C.I.
WHf.1T ].f) TilE 'Hli. LIE" i'.IF •• !:l·.. ·L..M;T···Nr~\i1E
>>BI.::I... 1...
9 Ei'Hrn:C:; ClUr'd. IF:i.I:'1'1
>- r::r:: I:'Of:: IT' CI j r: C; j.:
I NI) {.1 L. .[ 1'1 CCt j'i 1'1 (:, HfI
>1';: Clli::C:[<

check file report

]. ;;) ~ t n GITI f.' f:i. T·!:.''!'' statu!:; of i le-t,\;/pe :i.(~HI·

tlE.l...L. nr·~\l..'lI'l WII... Cell J. '792'7H
()l
Dr\. I... ED I;J 1 N (11... E eeH :l (i':'51 ::? (,:~
f!L:I.l. l"jO l,J (1 r:: D W(I eeH 26 ;:,:: tJ /1 :;- \ I ~:5
BFI .. !.. Ir~(1 rilTCH ceH J. 3 ~"i3 ()l (jE
BELL ..Jtll'iEf:! CCH c)023:?J.PJ
ElFI.!.. .Jcr::nY LEE CCH El () \1 'I Ct ~'5 [~
F:L:LI. i"i()r;:r~ID CL.. eCH f.127;!'6:~P::;
'£:ELI... f::OGEF~ HO('J r;CH :l,t.·)J6 l }O •.J:l
DCL.I.. T 1..1() ~'i(l S [I E CCH 325"/08N2
 113

OVERVIEW

This system was designed to aid the trained investigator in piecing together
information which eventually results in the identification, location, and
prosecution of the offender.

To better understand the system, We must identify what actually takes place
during an investigation. OVer a period of time, events occur which result
in the commission of a crime. Usually the investigator has no idea what
these events are until after the crime is committed. The only thing the
investigator knows is that a crime occurred because of the facts presented
at the scene.

A PATTERN OF EVENTS OCCURRING

DlRlNG FRAUD FIRE INVESTIGATION

CJ UNKNOWN ACTIVITY LEADING UP TO CRIME

III INTERVIEW TO IDENTIFY UNKI\OWN .llCTIVITY

One concept used in the development of this system was that all information
is obtained from interviews. Investigators first observe and do somewhat
of a preliminary crime scene search. This process in and of itself is the
same as an interview, only you are not talking to a person.

Second, the investigator interviews witnesses, neighbors, friends, and

relatives of the victim. In the case of crimes such as robbery and fraud
the victim himself may be interviewed. During these interviews, the
investigator is really searching for the unknown events which resulted
in the crime. In other words, the investigator must identify the
relationships each interviewee has in regard to the crime being
investigated. When we really identify the relationships, people must
fall in one of the following categories:

l. Witnesses - saw something

2. Neighbor - may have seen or heard something

3. Friend, Acquaintance, or Relative - provide background information

about the victim's friends, activities, etc.

4. Police Officer - one who is working the case or who may have additional
information

5. Victim
 114

Each interview can be classified as one of these types:

1. More information is obtained which needs further investigation, which

we call a SOURCE.

2. The person is considered a possible suspect = SUSPECT.

3. Nothing is obtained from the interview = SUBJECT.

This is what established the linking or piecing together of information.

 115

This system is designed to assist the trained investigator piece together

the bits of ill formation required for the successful completion of an
investigation. To complete an investigation, the investigator must col-
lect all the information and evidence necessary to locate, identify,
arrest, and finally prosecute the offender.

The system was designed based upon the following four concepts.

1. ALL INFORMATION IS OBTAINED THROUGH INTERVIEWS AND OBSERVATION WHICH

CAN BE TREATED AS AN INTERVIEW. Granted I an officer who is observing
a crime scene does not talk to physical objects, however, he does
supply the information he obtained through observation by talking to
another officer or writing his observations in the police report
which has the same effect as an interview.

2. ALL PHYSICAL EVIDENCE, OBJECTS OR ACTIVITIES MUST BE CONNECTED Tn A

PERSON. AllY physical object such as clothing, vehicles, blood I hair l
etc., must somehow be connected to a person. Either the person owned
the object or used it or was inVOlved in the activity.

3. EVERYONE INTERVIEWED MUST BE RELATED TO THE CASE IN SOME MANNER.

A person must be a witness to the crime, a possible witness, a friend,
an acquaintance, a relative, or a police officer working on the case.
All persons interviewed will fall into one of these categories.

4. EVERYONE WHO MIGHT ~VE INFORMATION REGARDING THE CASE SHOULD BE

INTERVIEWED, AND YOU MUST SHOW HOW YOU IDENTIFIED EACH PERSON.
You must be able to show how you arrived at the decision to interview
each person.

From these basic theories, the necessary links can be established in the
data base, however, all links have not been established. Prior to actually
designing the system, we asked exactly what information would be needed to
solve most crimes.

First, we looked at people and asked, "What do we need to know about people?"
We concluded that We must know their name, age, address, and physical de-
scription. From here we went further and added information such as their
occupation I whether they are interviewed or just a person who needed to be
interviewed, their relationship to the case, and if the information provided
was related to the scene, victim I or some other key point in the investigation.

Second l we looked at clothing and divided clothing into the following

categories: TOP, BOTTOM I OUTER, SHOES, and MISCELLANEOUS.

Thirdly, we looked at vehicles and determined that we needed to know makel

color l year, registration number, State registration,damage and its location,
special features, time seen, and date seen.

Fourth, we considered having the ability to provide for a narrative synopsis

of each interview, person, clothing, and vehicle mentioned in the case, and
did provide for a free text in each category.

I
 ~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~--------------------------

116

By reviewing the attached form, you can see all 81 bits of information con-
tained in each entry that is made in the computer. Remember, you can get
any record or entry from the computer by anyone of the 81 bits of infor-
mation stored in the computer.

Now let's put this all together. In an investigation, you are confronted
with a crime Scene or a point from where you start your investigation.
From the crime scene, two events take place almost simultaneously, 1) the
search for evidence and 2) interviewing of people. Both activities expand
from the starting point, but must be brought back together prior to the
completion of the investigation. The followit,g diagram should better
depict the investigation process:
I'
~.

Search For
Evidence
Identification
CRIME Or, Vehicle,
SCENE Weapon, Suspect

Other Sources
Developed By
Interviews

With the system, you can produce reports giving the names, addresses, and
case numbers of each person interviewed. By reviewing this report, you
select all names that appear in more than one case and look at each 'complete
record searching for like data elements (out of the 81 provided) in order
to locate additional information by using a different data element. The
problem in any investigation is unknown information. With this system, you
can link information together by using several different courses of pursuit.
For example, once you have names of people, you may find they drive green
Chevys with a loud muffler. You could then ask for all green Chevys with
loud mufflers that are in data base.

Step 1
Sort by name

Step 2
Review all 81 data elements of Step 1 records

Step 3
Sort on city
Sort on clothing
Sort on text
Sort on physical
 117

ANALYSIS

The linking or grouping of information together in a manner that permits

the user to easily identify patterns. There are two basic types of approach
to effectively identify any patterns, and both should be employed to assure
a;, ~ avenues of thought are covered.

First, there is the "blind" assessment of information contained in the data

base. This is done by simply grouping information together, disregarding
any information known because of 'the current investigation. Usually this
is done without input from the investigators.

Second, there is the "theory checking" assessment of information. As the

name implies, information known or believed to be true is used and how it
is displayed. The investigator plays a very im~ortant role in this type
of analysis.

The blind analysis of information is nothing more than identifying all

identical or similar information contained in the data base. The first
step in this type of analysis is to get alphabetical listings of inter-
viewees and their names, and a listing of vehicles by xegistration number.
By obtaining these listings, it is easy to identify persons who are
mentioned in more L~an one case or those who are referred to by more
than one person. By comparing the two lists of names, it is also easy
to identify who remains to be interviewE~d. The listing of vehicles by
registration number identifies vehicles that are connected in more than
one case.

Once you have identified the duplica'te entries, you begin to establish
other links by using different data elememts other than names. For example,
you could use known physical infox~ation to locate persons seen at the drime
scene, or known vehicle colors to identify vehicles observed at the crime
scene. The system allows you to olJtain any record by using anyone OJ: any
combination of the 81 data eleme.nts. By s:tudying the 81 data elements of
the duplicate records, it is possible to use several different data elements
to locate other records that may match the records you have already retrieved.

If you are not successful in obtaining duplicate records in the first pass,
then you do grouping of vehicles, persons, ,and clothing and attempt to
develop composits of individuals and vehicles. Often this will result in
a description of one or more persons of the same description driving the
same type of vehicle who are unknown but have been mentioned or observed
in. several locations.. and an effort should ble made to locate and identify
the individuals. You should match these findings with known information
to determine any additional links.

The theory checking method uses the investigator's knowledge and experience
to determine what data elements will be used ~7hen querying the data base.
This could also be called the "M.D. Checking" method. The only problem with
this method is getting the investigators to express their thoughts. The
Success of this method depends upon the invest,igators and computer operators
ability to communicate. It is best to train one or two investigators in the
operation of the computer so they can do their own report generation. Many
times this method will often involve searching the free text data elements
to locate descriptions of people or vehicles.
 INTERVIEW GUIDE 118
INFORMANT
I
"

VOL CASE NO. DATE TIME OFFICER ONE OFFICER TWO DEPT.

o:.GE LOCATION CODE RELATIONSHIP TYPE

FIRST NAME

CITY
r
ISTATE '1 ZIP
E NAME

(
LAST NAME

)HOME PHONE
I (
STREET NO.

)OFFICE PHONE
STREET NAME

OCCUPATION

INTERVIEW TEXT

--------------~--------------------------------------------------.--------------------------------~-
PERSON ,
FIRST NAIvlE MIDDLE NAME LAST NAME STREET NO. STREET NAME

CITY STATE

I
ZIP
I( )HOME PHONE ( )OFFICE PHONE HT. WT. IHAIR

"RYES
I

I
Co.MPL AGE DOB I MARKS . NARKS LOCAT
r

UNUSUAL
I . TUm DATE PAGE
BUILD

I PERSON TEXT
I RAC,SEX

I -.

'" .
TOP CLOTHES
•
COLOR CONDITION CONDI'I'ION
. tOTTOM CLOTHES 1COLOR

OUTER CLOTHES COLOR CONDITION SHOES COLOR CONDITION

1"<1ISC-l CLOTHES COLOR CONDITION MISC-2 CLOTHES I COLOR rONDITION

CLOTHING TEXT. I --
:
VEH"MAKE
= - STYLE
"ii

TOP COLOR!II!;h BTM-COLOR YEAR

. IUl:.Q}S;

' LICENSE # STATE

1!l!1'-:~

DAMAGE

W..:\GE LOCATION
I !SPECIAL FEATURES
o.
VEHICLE TIME
I
I VEHICLE DATE
VEHICLE TEXT
I
 119

TO USE THE FORM AS A TIP DOCUMENT.

1. INSERT CARBON PAPER.

2. RECORD INFORMATION ABOUT THE PERSON CALLING

OR INTERVIEWED IN THE "INFORMANT" PORTION.

3. RECORD INFORMATION THEY GIVE YOU ABOUT PEOPLE,

WHAT T~!t::v DO, CLOTHING OR VEHICLES IN THE
APPROPRIA~E PORTIONS.

NOTE: IF INFORMATION ABOUT MULTIPLE PEOPLE,

CARS, TEC., IS RECEIVED USE ADDITIONAL
FORMS.

40 ASSIGN FOLLOW UP TO AN OFFICER AND PLACE HIS

(THEIR) LAff NAME (s) IN THE OFFICER ONE (TWO)
BOX (S). ALSO INDICATE THE DEPARTMENT OF OFFICER
ONE IN THE "DEPARTM:o.:NT" BOX.

5. RETAIN THE ORIGINAL IN A MASTER FILE. GIVE THE

COpy TO THE INVESTIGATING OFFICER.

6. THE INVESTIGATING OFFICER WJ~L FILL IN THE

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION HE O~TAINS ~N THE
APPROPRIATE AREAS.

7. THE OFFICER'S NORKING COPY WILL BE RETURNED

AND ATTACHED TO THE ORIGINAL IN THE MASTER
FILE.
 120

INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE INTERVIEW REPORT FORM

VOL

Enter volume number the information is contained in.

(Note completed in field).

CASE NO.

Enter the first-middle-last initial of the victim.

(If the case involves a man and woman, use the man's
initials.)

DATE

Enter date the interview took place.

OFFICER ONE

Enter the last name of the officer obtaining the information/

or conducting the interview.

OFFICER TWO

Enter the last name of the second officer.

DEPARTMENT

Enter the name of the department the officer is from (If you
have two officers from different departments, enter the
department officer one is from.)

PAGE

Enter the page ~umber information is contained on. {Not for

field application.)

LOCATION CODE

Enter "the location the information is about. Example: Crime

Scene, Neighborhood, Beaver Mall.

RELATIONSHIP

Enter the relationship of the informant providing the information

to rhe victim. Use the following codes:

RELATIVE Includes all relatives

FRIEND Close friends
NEIGHBOR From immediate neighborhood of victim
AQUAINT Person who knew victim b:! name
WITNESS Any person who saw something but are not a
friend, neighbor, relative
OFFICEP. Officer providing information
 121

TYPE

Enter one of the following:

SOURCE If the person interviewed gives you

any information that could result in
further investigation.

SUBJECT -- If the person interviewed gives you nothing

to follow up on.

SUSPECT -- If the person interviewed i~ considered to

be a suspect.

FIRST NAME

Enter the first name of the person being interviewed.

MIDDLE NAME

Enter the middle name of person interviewed.

IJAST NAME

Enter the last name of the person interviewed.

STREET NUMBER

Enter the number of the street the person interviewed lives on.

STREET NAME

Enter only the name of the street the person interviewed

lives on.

CITY

Enter the name of the city the person interviewed lives on.

STATE

Enter the name of the state the pe:r'son interviewed lives in.

ZIP

Enter zip code for the interviewed persons address.

HOME-PHONE

Enter the home phone number of the person interviewed. (Include

the area code)
 --~ ~~----------

OFFICE-PHONE

Enter the office phone number of the person interviewed

(Include area code)

HEIGJi!T
Enter the height of person. Example: 5'11"=511, 6'=600;
6'2~=602; 72"=600.

WEIGHT

Enter weight of person.

HAIR

Enter the hair color of the person.

EYES

Enter the eye color of the person.

COMPLEXION

Enter the complexion description of the person. Example:

Light, Dark, Ruddy, Pocked

AGE

Enter age of person

DOB

Enter the date of birth of person.

BUILD

Enter the person's build. Example: Large, Medium, Small.

MARKS

Enter the kind of mark the person has. Example: Bruise, Cut,
Tatoo, Scar.

MARKS LOCATION

Enter where the person's marks are. Example: Left Thigh,

Right Art, Chest, Etc.

RACE

Enter person's race.

 123

e SEX
Enter person's sex.

UNUSUAL

Enter a YES. To identify the person has something unusual

about them. Example: Limps, Speech Problem, Hair Lip, etc.
(The actual unusual characteristic is entered in person text) .

TIME

Enter the time the person observed or noted an activity.

DATE

Enter the date the acti'vity occurred on that the person noted.

PERSON PG#

Enter the page number the person appears on. (Not on field
application)

PERSON TEXT

Enter a brief synopsis: of what information you have on the

individual I.D. in PERSON.

TOP CLOTHES

Enter any clothing that is worn on the top portion of the body.
Examples: Shirt, Blouse, Sweater, Bra, etc.

COLOR

Enter the color of top c.lothing.

CONDITION

Enter the condition of top clothing. Example: New, Clean,

Soiled, Bloody, Torn.

BOTTm-1 CLOTHES

Enter any clothing that is worn on the bottom half of the body.
Example: Slacks, Pants, Skirt, Briefs, etc.

COLOR

Enter the color of bottom clothing.

CONDITION

Enter the condition of bottom clothing. Example: New, Clean,

Soiled 1 Bloody, T~n.
 124

OUTER CLOTHES

Enter clothing that is normally worn over other clothing.

Example: Coat, Jacket, etc.

COLOR

Enter color of outer clothing.

CONDITION

Enter the condition of outer clothing. Example: New, Clean,

Soiled, Bloody, Torn.

MISC-I-CLOTHING

Enter any clothing that does not fit the top, bottom, or outer
clothing category. Example: Hat, Scarf, Bandana, jewlery, etc.

COLOR

Enter color of misc-l clothing.

CONDITION

Enter the condition of misc-l clothing. Example: New, Clean,

Soiled, Bloody, Torn, etc.

MISC-2-CLOTHING

See Misc-l for description.

COLOR

Enter color of misc.-2 clothing.

CONDITION

Enter condition of misc-2 clothing. Example, New, Clean,

Soiled, Bloody, Torn, etc.

CLOTHING TEXT

Enter a brief description of clothing and its significance.

Example: Red Bandana worn by suspect. Bloody T-shirt was
on victim's body.

VEH-M..J\KE

Enter the make of vehicle.

l
j
 125

TOP COLOR

Enter top color of vehicle or if only one color ente:t' the

one color in top color.

BOTTOM COLOR

Enter bottom color of vehicle.

YEAR

Enter the year of vehicle.

LICENSE #

Enter the vehicle license number.

STATE

Enter the state the vehicle is registered in.

DAMAGE

Enter YES if the vehicle is damaged. (Actual damage goes

in vehicle text.

DAMAGE LOCATION

Enter where the da.mage is located.

SPECIAL FEATURES

Enter the Model of the vehicle. If the vehicle has something

special, enter a "yn next to the modE'l. Example: Nova (Y),
Gremlin {Y)

VEHICLE TIME

Enter the time the vehicle was seen.

VEHICLE DATE

Enter the date the vehicle was seen.

VEHICLE TEXT

Enter a brief synopsis about the information you have on the

vehicle.
 126

DATA BASE DESIGN

This is the data base design into which the information obtained from
the interview guide is entered. It is structured in the following
manner:

1. Data Items
Item Name Definition Read/Write Security Key Designation

2. Data Sets
Set Name Type of Set
Entry Source
Capacity

3. Detail Data Set Design

 127

Page 1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 ITEMS:
9
10 THE FOLLOWING DEFINES INTERVIEWEE INFORMATION
11 CASE-NO, U4 (/10,15) : [ [ KEY ]]
12 VOL-NO, U2(/10,15);
13 I-DATE, U6 (/10,15); [[ YEAR,MO,DAY ]]
14 I-TIME, U4(/10,15);
15 OFFICER-I, U20(/10,15);
16 OFFICER-2, U20(/10,15);
17 DEPT, U16(/10,15);
18 I-PAGE-NO,U4(/10,15) ;
19 LOCATION-CODE, U30(/10,15); [[KEY]]
20 [[LOCATION OF INFORMATION IE. SCENE,
21 DROP SITE ,FUNERAL ,ETC. ))
22 RELATIONSHIP, UI0(/10,15); [[KEY]]
23 TYPE, U8(/10,15); [[KEY]]
24 [ [ SOURCE, SUBJECT, SUSPECT ]]
25 I-FIRST-NAME, UI0(/10,15);
26 I-MIDDLE-NAME, UI0(/10,15);
27 I-LAST-NAME, U20 (/10,15); ([KEY]]
28 I-STREET-NO, UI0(/10,15);
29 I-STREET-N~m, U20(/10,15);
30 I-CITY, U20(/10,15);
31 I-STATE, U2(/10,15);
32 I-ZIP, U6(/10,15);
33 I-HOME-PHONE, U12(/10,15);
34 I-OFFICE-PHONE, U12(/10,15);
35 OCCUPA'rION, U20 (/10,15) ;
36 I-TEXT, U76(/10,15);
37
38
39 [[THE FOLI.oWING DEFINES PEOPLE INFORMATION]]
40 P-PAGE-NO, U4(/10,15);
41 P-FIRST-NAME, UI0(/10,15); [[KEY]]
42 P-MIDDLE-NAME, UI0(/10,15);
·13 P-LAST-NAME, U20(/10,15); [[KEY]]
44 P-STREET-NO, UI0(/10,15);
45 P-STREET-NAME, U20(/10,15);
46 P-CITY, U20(/10,15);
47 P-STATE, U2(/10,15);
48 P-ZIP, U6(/10,15);
49 P-HOME-PHONE, U12)/10,15);
"
50 ,-r/----- P-OFFICE-PHONE, U12(/10,15);
51 HEIGHT, U4(/10,15);
52 WEIGHT, U4(/10,15);
53 HAIR, U4(/10,15);
54 EYES, U4(/10,15);
55 '\ COMPLEXION, U8 (/10, 15) ;
 128

PAGE 2

56 AGE, U4(/10,15);
57 DOB, U6 (110,15) ; [[MO,DAY, YR.]]
58 BUILD, U6(/10,15); [[KEY]]
59 MARKS, UI0(/10,15);
60 MARKS-LOC, UI0(/10,15);
61 RACE, UIC(/10,15);
62 SEX, U2(/10,15);
63 UNUSUAL, U2(/10,15);
64 P-TlME, U4(/10,15), [[KEY]]
65 P-DATE, U6 (110,15); [[YE.AR,MONTH,DAY]]
66 P-TEXT, U76{/10,15};
67 TOP-CLOTHING, UI0(/10,15);
68 TOP-COLOR, U4 (jl0, 15); [(KEY]]
69 TOP-CONDITION, U8(/10,15);
70 BOTTOM-CLOTHING, UI0(/10,15);
71 BOTTOM-COLOR, U4(/10,15); [[KEY]]
72 BOTTOM-CONDITION, U8(/10,15);
73 OUTER-CLOTHING, UI0(/10,15);
74 OUTER-COLOR, U4(/10,15); [[KEY]]
75 OUTER-CONDITION, U8(/10,15);
76 SHOES-CLOTHING, UI0(/10,15);
77 SHOES-COLOR, U4(/10,15);
78 SHOES-CONDITION, U8 (110,15) ;
79 MISCI-CLOTHING, UI0, (/10,15);
80 MISC1-COLOR, U4(/10,15);
81 MISCI-CONDITION, U8(/10,15) ,
82 MISC2-CLOTHING, UI0(/10,15);
83 MISC2-COLOR, U4(/10,15);
84 MISC2-CONDITION, U8(/10,15);
85 C-TEXT, U76 (110,15) ;
86 [[THE FOLLOWING DEFINES VEHICLE INFORMATION]]
87 VEH-MAKE, U4(/10,15); [[KEY]]
88 VEH-STYLE, U4(/10,15);
89 VEH-COLOR-TOP, U4(/10,15); [[KEY]]
90 VEH-COLOR-BOTTOM, U4(/10,15);
91 VEH-YEAR, U4(/10,15);
92 VEH-LIC-NO, U8{/10,15); [[KEY]]
93 VEH-STATE, U2(/10,15);
94 VEH-DAMAGE, U2(/10,15);
95 VEH-DAMAGE-LOC, U2(/10,15);
96 VEH-SPECIAL, U8(/10,15);
~~H=T~1E, U4(/10,15), [ [KEY
98 VEH-DATE, U6 (110,15) ; [(YEAR, MONTH, DATE]]
99 VEH-TEXT, U76(/10,15};
100 DEFINITION,U20(/10,15);
101 U-TEXT,U70(/10/15);
102 SEAIlCH-ITEM,U16(/10,15);
103 1¥PE-SEARCH,U8(/10,15);
104 SORT-NO,I(10/lS);
105
106
107
108 SETS:
109
110
111 NAME: M-CASE-NO,MANUAL(10/15);
 129

PAGE 3

112 ENTRY:CASE-NO(l) ,
113 . DEFINITION;
114 CAPACITY: 79;
115
116 NAME: M-LQCATION-CODE,AUTOMATICi
117 ENTRY: LOCATION-CODE(l)i
118 CAPACITY: 401;
119
120 NAME; M-RELATIONSHIP,MANUAL(10/15)i
121 ENTRY:RELATIONSHIP(l),
122 DEFINTION;
123 CAPACITY: 17;
124
125 NAME: M-TYPE,MANUAL(10/15)i
126 ENTRY: TYPE (1) ,
127 DEFINITION;
128 CAPACITY: 79;
129
130 NAME: M-I-LAST-NAME,AUTOMATIC;
131 ENTRY: I-LAST-NAME(l);
132 CAPACITY: 10007;
133
134 NAME: M-P-FIRST-NAME,AUTOMATICi
135 ENTRY: P-FIRST-NAME(l);
136 CAPACITY: 997;
137
138 NAME: M-P-LAST-NAME,AUTOMATIC;
139 ENTRY: P-LAST-NAME(l);
140 CAPACITY: 10007;
141
142 NAME: M-BUILD,MANUAL(10/15);
143 ENTRY:BUILD(l) ,
144 DEFINITION;
145 CAPACITY: 11;
146
147 NAME: M-P-TIME, AUTOMATIC;
148 ENTRY: P-TIME(l);
149 CAPACITY: 1201; [[HALF OF ALL POSSIBLE TIMES]]
150
151 NAME: N-TOP-COLOR,MANUAL(10/15);
152 ENTRY: TOP-COLOR(lj;
153 CAPACITY: SJ;
154
155 NAME: M-BOTTOM-COLOR,MANUAL(10/15);
156 ENTRY: BOTTOM-COLOR(l);
157 CAPACITY: 53;
158
159 NAME: M-OUTER-COLOR,MANUAL(10/15);
160 ENTRY: OUTER-COLOR(l);
161 CAPACITY; 53;
162
163 N~: M-VEH-MAKE,MANUAL(10/15)
164 ENTRY,;VEH-MAKE (1) ,
165 DEFIN{TION;
166 CAPACITY: 199;
167
- - - --
 130

PAGE 4

168 NAME: M-VEH-COLOR-TOP, MANUAL (10/15) ;

169 ENTRY: VEH-COLOR-TOP(l); ;\
170 CAPACITY: 53;
171
172 NAME: M-VEH-LIC-NO,AUTOMATIC;
173 ENTRY: VEH-LIC-NO(l);
174 CAPACITY: 800~;
175
176 NAME: M-VEH-TIME,AUTOMATIC;
177 ENTRY- VEH-TIME(l);
178 CAPACITY: 1201; [[HALF OF ALL POSSIBLE TIMES]]
179
180 NAME: SMITH,DETAIL(/10,15);
181 ENTRY:
182 CASE-NO (M-CASE-NO) "
183 VOL-NO,
184 I-DATE,
185 I-TIME,
186 OFFICER-I,
187 OFFICER-2,
188 DEPT,
189 I-PAGE-NO,
190 LOCATION-CODE (M-LOCATION-CODE),
191 RELATIONSHIP (M-RELATIONSHIP),
192 TYPE (M-TYPE),
193 I- FIRST-W~ME,
194 I-MIDDLE-NAME,
195 I-LAST-NAME (!M-I-LAST-NAME) ,
196 I~S'l'REET-NO •
197 I-STREET-NAME,
198 I-CITY,
199 I-STATE,
200 I-ZIP,
201 I-HOME-PHOUE,
202 I-OFF ICE-PHONE ,
203 OCCUPATION,
204 I-TEXT,
205 P-PAGE-NO,
206 P-FIRST-NAME(M-P-FIRST-NAME),
207 P-MIDDLE-NAME,
208 P-LAST-NAME(M-P-LAST-NAME),
209 P-STREET-NO,
210 P-STREET-NAME,
211 P-CITY,
212 P-STATE,
213 P-ZIP,
214 P-HOME-PHONE,
215 P-OFFICE-PHONE,
216 HEIGHT,
217 WEIGHT,
218 HAIR,
219 EYES,
220 COMPLEXION,
221 AGE,
222 DOB,
223 BUILD(M-BUILD),
 131

PAGE 5

e 224
225
MARKS,
MARKS-LOC,
226 RACE,
227 SEX,
228 UNUSUAL,
229 P-TIME(M-P-TIME) ,
230 P-DATE,
231 P-TEXT,
232 TOP-CLOTHING,
233 TOP-COLOR(M-TOP-COLOR),
234 TOP-CONDITION,
235 BOTTOM-CLOTHING,
236 BOTTOM-COLOR(M-BOTTOM-COLOR),
237 BOTTOM-CONDITION,
238 OUTER-CLOTHING,
239 OUTER-COLOR(M-OUTER-COLOR) ,
240 OUTER-CONDITION,
241 SHOES-CLOTHING,
242 SHOES-COLOR,
243 SHOES-CONDITION,
244 MISCI-CLOTHING,
245 NISCI-COLOR,
246 MISCI-CONDITION,
247 MISC2-CLOTHING,
248 MISC2-COLOR,
249 MISC2-CONDITION,
250 C-TEXT,
251 VEH-MAKE(M-VEH-MAKE),
252 VEH-STYLE,
253 VEH-COLOR-TOP(M-VEH-COLOR-TOP),
254 VEH-COLOR-BOTTOM,
255 VEH-YEAR,
256 VEH-LIC-NO(M-VEH-LIC-NO),
257 VEH-STATE,
258 VEH-DAMAGE,
259 VEH-DAMAGE-LOC,
260 VEH-SPECIAL,
261 VEH-TIME(M-VEH-TIME),
262 VEH-DATE,
263 VEH-TEXT,
264 SORT-NO,
265 SEARCH-ITEM,
266 TYPE-SEARCH,
267 U-TEXT,
268 CAPACITY: 8000;
269 END.

:"1
 132

DATA Ei'j'rRY TERMINALS

The terminals required for data entry are of the intelligent type. They
should contain a 128 character set, display enhancements, line drawing
capability and a minimum of 8K Random Access Memory. The terminals must
also have modern type communication capabilities"

The data entry screens designed for the application should incorporate the
complete capabilities of the display stations. Due to the large size of
the form, an additional 8K a Random Access Memm~ is necessary to store
the entire form in the terminal.

The form is generated by combining the line drawing set, protected formating,
various video display modes, and alpha/numeric field checking capabilities
of the CRT. It was originally created in four distinct stages l) outline
the form and define protected/unprotected fields 2) detailed form 3) assigned
field checking 4) merge completed form in data entry application.

The Display Stations properly check each entry field of the form for variety
of conditions. Bach character entered into a field is checked to determine
whether it is of an alpha or numeric type. If the character entered is of
the incorrect type, the terminal produces an audibl~ alarm and forces the
character to be corrected before data entry may continue. Each entry filled
on the screen is programmed to accept a specific number of characters.
When the field is full, the display station f~rces the cursor to jump in
a sequential manner to the first charac'ter space of the next wri teable
field.

After the data has been entered, depressing the ENTER KEY forces the data
to be transmitted to the mini and logged in the rata base. It is important
to note that our data is initially entered direc~ly to and maintained in
the CRT. Before depressing enter, the data can be manipulated and altered
by the user before transmission to the computer.
 133

SIGNING TERMINALS ONID THE

COMPUI'ER FOR ENTERING DATA

In order to sign the terminals onto the computer to enter new data into
the data base, you follow the following steps:

1. Make sure the rrodem and terminal are connected and turned
down. The nodem will say on and the tenninal will say
termillal ready ~
2. Make sure the Renote and Caps lock keys are down on the
terminal.
3. The Baud Rate switch should be set at l20U on the terminal.
4. The terminal Duplex switch should be set at half.
5. The Parody swltch on the tenninal should be sel- at none.
6. Make sure the Red Data switch on the rrodem phone is off
and call the number to the computer.
7. When the computer answers with a high pitched tcne, press
the Red Data button dawn on the phone and hang up.
8. Depress the Carriage Return key on the terminal until you
get a colon on the screen. If you do not get a colon,
depress the Reset Teminal key twice rapidly and hit
Carriage Return (if you still do not get a colon, go back
to step 1 and try again).
9. After the colon, type in HELLO YOUR NAME,LEMS.MSP;TERM=lO
and press Carriage Return. Example: HELLO GEDRGE,LEMS.
MSPiTERM=lO Return
10. The computer responds account password quickly press the
(ESC) Escape key and then Semicolon key and type the word
KREA.SE (you will not see the word on the screen) and press
Carriage Return.
11. '!he computer responds with:
Session Number = #SXX
Day Date and Time

Press (ESC) the Escape key and then press the Colon key.
After the colon, type RUN GEN FORM and press Carriage
Return.
12. The computer will then cause the terminal to beep and then
the entry form will be drawn on the screen. When the form
is ccxrpleted, the cursor will be in the box narred case number.
13. You are now .ready to enter inforrration into the data base.
 134

POSSIBLE ERRORS WHILE ENTERING DATA

The computer has :been programned to make certain checks on the information
that you are entering into the data base. This has been done to reduce as
many errors as possible as you are entering infontation.

There are nine fields that will only accept data t.l->.at has been programred.
The nine fields are as follows:

1. Cl'BE-NO or case Number - This field will only accept the

following initials: JAF for thE, Feeney Case, JEW for the
Wein:man Case, RXH for the Hyde Case, JJS for the Shelkons
Case, roc for the Capiola, SER for the Rush case and 'WEA
for the Adams Case. .
2. Relationship - This field 'will only accept the following:
Officer, Witness, Relative, Neighbor, Friend, Victim,
Suspect, and Acquaint for Acquaintance.
3. T-ype - This field will only accept the following: Suspect,
Source, and Subject.
4. Bl.uld - This field Trill only accept the following: MED f.or
~dium, 8M for Small, and LG for Large.
5. 'Ibp-Color - refers to the color of clothing worn at the top
of the body. This field will only accept the following codes:
RED for red, LHT for light, PNK for pink, BLK for black, BAL
for bald, GRN for green, BGE for beige, ONG for orange, SIL
for silver, BLN for blond, TRQ for turquoise, LBL fl:>r light
blue, GRY for gray, DBL for dark blue, BRZ for bronze, CRM
for cream, TAN for Tan, HAZ for hazel, DR!< for dark, CPR for
copper, IAV for lavender, BLU for blue, WHI for white, GLD
for gold, PLE for Purple, BRO for brown, SDY for Sandy, LGR
for light green, DGR for dark green, MAR for maroon, and YEL
for yellow.
BottomrColor and OUter-Color and Veh-COlor-'Ibp - Color codes
are the same as those that w=re just listed for top-color.
6. Veh-Make - This field will only accept the following: TRIO
for Triumph, OPEL for Opel, MG for MG, PONT for Pontiac, FIAT
for Fiat, FORD for Ford, J3M.V for Br-w MJtercycle, HD for Honda,
MERZ for Mercedes, VOLK for Volkswagon, HODA for Honda, CHEV
for Chevy, PLYM for Plyrrouth, PORS for Porsche" SUZI for Suzuki,
RAMS for Rambler, GM:: for GM::, JEEP for Jeep, SAAB fu.: Saab,
CADI for Cadillac, IJN:! for Lincoln, AMER for American M:>tors,
OLDS for Oldsrrobile, YAMA for Yamaha, TOYT for Toyota, oorx; for
DC)'(lge, FERR for Ferrari, JAGU for Jaguar, DATS for Datsun, BUIC
for Buick, CHRY for Chrysler, KAWK for Kawasaki, MAZD for Mazda,
MER: for Mercm:y, HOND for Honda.
 135

If you. make any mistakes in any of those fields, the computer will give
you an error at the oottarn of the screen. 'Ihe last part of the error
rressage will give you a path number. The path number t.l".at the cartputer
displays defines exactly where your error t,iras made. Path One is the
case number. Path Three is the relationship. Path Four is the type.
Path Eight is the build. Path Ten is clothing top color. Path Eleven
is clothing oottom color. Path ':&elve is clothing outer color. Path
Thirteen is Vehicle ~1ake. Path Fourteen is VE'.hi.cle Color Top. By
looking which path number it is you can j.m:nediately go to where you
error is ffi3.de, correct the mistake and press the Enter key and the
computer should accept your data.
 136

PATHS

* l. Case Number

2. Location Code

* 3. Relationship

* 4. Type

5. I-Last Name

6. People 1st Name

7. People Last Name

* 8. Build

9. People Time

* 10. Top Color

*ll. Bottom Color

*12 Outer Color

*13. Vehicle Make

*14. Vehicle Color Top

15. Vehicle License #

16. Vehicle Time

 137

DATA ITEMS

RELATIONSHIP

The purpose of this item is to establish the relationship of the interviewee

to the victim.

The closest relationship will be used.

RELATIVE: Blood or in-law

FRIEND: Close social relationship
ACQUAINT (Acquaintance): Knowledge of; work, church, etc.
NEIGHBOR: Living in general area, sharing common vehicular traffic, etc.
WITNESS: Those meeting none of the above
SUSPECT: Those with the finger of suspicion upon them.
OFFICER: Investigating officers

USE

By keying on this item it is possible to review all information coming from:

(Relative) The family environment

(Friend) The social environment
(Acquaint) Expanded social environment
(Neighbor) The immediate geographical area

As well as establish the interviewee's relationship to the crime.

LOCATION

The purpose of this item is to establish critical Scenes in each case.

Examples:

Washington Plaza - Victim last seen

Hyde Home - Crime scene
Hyde Drive - Mrs. Hyde's body
Matos Truck - Tools disturbed

Once a phrase (Hyde Home) has been assigned to a particular scene it will
remain constant in all future references to that specific scene.

Additional locations may be assigned at any time.

A list of th~ phrases (Hyde Home) and its description must be maintained.
 138

USE

By keying on this item it is possible to review all information relating

to any critical scene in the case.

STATE

PA - Pennsylvania
OH - Ohio
W.V. - West Virginia
 139

AUTOMOBILES TRUCKS
American Motors AMER GMC GMC
Cadillac CADI Chevrolet
Chevrolet CHEV Ford
Chrysler CHRYS Dodge
Citroen CITR
Dodge DODG
Ferrari FERR
Fiat FIAT
Ford FORD
Honda HOND
Jaguar JAGU
Jeep JEEP
Karmann-Ghia KARG
Lincoln LINC
Mazda MAZD
Mercedes-Benz MERZ
Mercury HERC
MG MG
Oldsmobile OLDS
Opel OPEL
Peugeot PEUG
Plymo\'th PLYM
Pontiac PONT
Porsche PORS
Rambler RAMB
Renault RENA
Saab SAAB
Toyota TOYT
Triumph TRIU
Volkswagen VOLK
Buick BUIC

MOTORCYCLES

B.M.W. BMW
Bultaco BULT
Cushman CUSH
Harley Davidson HD
Hodaka HODA
Honda HOND
Husqvarna HUSQ
Ka~vasaki KAWK
Moto Guzzi MOGU
Puch PUCH
Reconstructed RECO
Sears SEAR
Suzuki SUZI
Triumph TRIU
Vespa VESP
Yamaha YAMA
 140

COLORS (EYES - HAIR - V~HICLES)

LIGHT LHT
DARK DRK
BALD BAL
BEIGE BGE
BLACK BLK
BLONDE BLN
BLUE BLU
BLUE, DARK DBL
BLUE, LIGHT LBL
BRONZE BRZ
BROWN BRO
BURGANDY MAR
COPPER CPR
CREAM or (IVORY) CRM
GOLD GLD
GREEN GRN
GREEN, DARK DGR
GREEN, LIGHT LGR
GRAY GRY
HAZEL HAZ
LAVENDER LAV
MAFOON MAR
ORANGE ONG
PINK PNK
PURPLE
RED
SANDY
SILVER (ALUMINUM
PLE
RED
SDY
e
or STAINLESS SIL
STEEL)
TAN TAN
TURQUOISE TRQ
WHITE WHI
YELLOW YEL

MARKS

Scars
Tattoos
Wound
Bruise
Pocked

MARKS LOCATION: Free Text

 141

SKIN TONE (COt-1PLEXION)

LIGHT
FAIR
RUDDY
DARK

HEIGHT

Express in feet and inches respectively.

e.g. 5'11"; 511
6' 600 (Round off to the nearest inch)
70"; 510

WEIGHT
- --
Express in pounds.
e.g. 94 1bs.; 094
186 lbs.; 186 (Round off to the nearest lb.)

BODY BUILD

LARGE LG
MEDIUM MED
SMALL SM

RACE CODES

WHITE
BLACK
ORIENTAL
LATIN (Puerto Rician, Mexican)
OTHER

CLOTHING CONDITION

NEW
OLD
TORN
SOILED
PATCHED
BLOODY
 142

VEHICLE STYLES

2 DOOR 2
4 DOOR 4
CONVERTIBLE 1
HATCHBACK 3
STATION WAGON 5
VAN 6
PICKUP 7
TRUCK 8
MOTORCYCLE 9
 143

ABBREVIATIONS PROPER NAMES

MGR Manager
AMGR Assistant Mana.ger
PSP PA. State Police
ACP Allegheny county Police
DA District Attorney's Office
PSPBF PA State Police Beaver Falls
PSPCAR PA State Police Carnegie
P.O.B. Post Office Box
FP Fingerprints
FTPR Footprints
PSPBWSH PA State Police Washington
TWP Township
CO County
DET Detective
DETS Detectives
TPR Trooper
SGT Sergeant
LT Lieutenant
OCC Occupant or occupants
DEP Del?uty
DEPS Deputies
PD Police Department
COR Coroner
PATH Pathologist
RES Residence
HOM Homicide
HOMS Homicides
OFF Officer
OFFS Officers
HUSB Husband
FATH Father
MOTH Mother
AMB Ambulance
ATTENT Attendant
DESC Describe & Description
PERS Personnel
KIT Kitchen
LR Living Room
DR Dining Room
BATHR Bat.hroom
BR Bedroom
FAMR Family Room
LAUNR Laundry Room
BSMT Basement
.EVID Evidence
OBSERV Observe, Observation
VICT Victim
INVEST Investigate, Investigation
WIT Witness
'rECH Technician
:E:STIM Estimated
UNK Unknown
;SUBSTNS S1.IDstance
;SUSP Suspect
;SUBJ Subject
 144

SIGNING TERMINALS ONTO THE

COMPUTER FOR QUERY IN ONLY

To get the terminals running in an operation with the computer, you must
follow these steps:

1. Make sure the modem and terminal are connected and are
turned on. The terminal screen will say terminal ready
if its en and the modem will have a light saying on, on
the f~ont of it.
2. Make sure the Remote and Caps Lock keys are down on the
terIPinal.
3. Check the Baud Rate switch on the terminal and make sure
to set at 1200 baud.
4. Check the Duplex switch on the terminal and set it at
half.
5. Check the Parity switch and set it at none.
6. Call the number for the computer on the modem phone.
Make sure the :Red Data button is not depressed.
7. When the computer answers with a high pitched tone, press
the Red Data button on the phone and hang up.
8. Depress the Carriage Return key on the terminal until you
get a colon on the screen. If you do not get a colon,
press the Reset Terminal key twice rapidly and press the
Return key again (if you still do not get a colon, go back
to Step 1 and try again).
9. After the colon, type HELLO YOUR NAME,LEMS.MSEP:TERM=lO
then press the carriage return.
10. The computer will respond account password you then press
(ESC) Escape key, press the Semicolon key and then type in
KREASE and press Return (you will not be able to see the
word KREASE as you type it).
11. The computer will respond with:
Session Number = #SXX
Date and Time

You then press (ESC) the Escape key and then press the Colon
key. After the colon, type the information necessary to query
and hit the Carriage Return.
12. The computer responds with a query formatted prompt.
13. You are now into Query and can find and report information from
the data base.
 145

UNDERSTANDING THE DATA BASE

Before anyone can obtain info:rma.tion from a data base, they first must
understand exactly what is stored in the data base. The follo\\"dng is a
list of the data elerrents that are stored in the computer for this par-
ticular data base.

NAME OF THE DATA ELEMENT DEFINITION OF DATA ELEMENT

REOCX)GNIZED BY THE COMPt.iTER

CASE-NO Case Number

VOL-NO Volurre Number
I-DA'IE Interview Date
I-TIME Interview Time
OFFICER-l First Officer Conducting Interview
OFFICER-2 Second Officer Conducting Interview
DEPT Departrrent
I-PAGE-NO Interview Pag~~ Nurilber
r..a::ATIrn-CODE Location the Info:rma.tion carre from
REIATIrnSPiLP Relationship of the Person to the Victim
TYPE Type (Source, Subject, Suspect)
I - FIRST-NAl>1E Interviewee's First Narre
I-MIDDLE-NAME Interviewee's Middle Narre
I-LAST-NAME Intervie\\iee' s Last Name
I -STREEI'-NO Interviewee's Street Number
I -STREEI'-NAME Intervie<.Iiee 's Street Narre
I-CITY Interviewee's City
I-·STA'IE Interviewee's State
I-ZIP Interviewee's Zip Code
I -HOME·-PHONE Interviewee's Hone Phone Number
I-OFFICE-PHONE Interviewee's Office Phone Number
CCCt.iPATION Occupation (the Person's Occupation)
I-'IEXI' Interviewee Text
P-PAGE-NO Person Page Number
P-FIRST-NAl>1E Person First Name
P-MIDDLE-NAME Person Middle Name
P-LAST-NAME Person Last Narre
P-STREEl'-NO Person Street Number
P-STREEI'-NAME Person Street Narre
P-CITY Person City
P-STA'IE Person State
P-ZIP Person Zip Code
P-HOME-PHONE Person Horne Phone Number
P-oFFlCE-PHONE Person Office Phone Number
HEIGHT Person Height
WEIGHT Person Weight
HAIR Person Hair Color
EYES Person Eye Color
 146

NAME OF THE DATA ELEMEN'I, DEFINITION OF DATA ELEMENT

RECOGNIZED BY THE COMPe ..ER

COMPLEXION Person Complexion

AGE Person Age
roB Person Date of Birth
BUilD Person Build
WillKS Person Marks (if they have any)
MARKS-LeX:! Person Mark Locations
RACE Person Race.
SEX Person Sex
UNUSUAL Anything unusual about the Person
P-TIME Person Tirre
P-DATE Person Date
P-TEXT Person Text
'IOP-cLal'HING Clothing Worn on the Top of the Body
TOP-COLOR Color of Tbp Clothing
'IOP-CONDITION Condition of the Tbp Clothing
BOrIOM-cLOI'HING Clothing Worn on the Bottom of the Body
BOTI'OM--COLOR Co:or of Bottom Clothing
BOrIOM-CONDITION Condition of Bottom Cl(lthing
OUTER-cI.OTHING OUter Clothihg (Coat, Jacket, Sweater, Etc.)
OUI'ER-COWR Color of OUter Clothing
OUI'ER-CONDITION Condition of Outer Clothing
SHOES-cLOI'HING Shoes
SHOES-COLOR Color of Shoes
SHOES-CONDITION Conclition of Shoes
MISCl-cIDTHING Miscellaneous Clothing 1
MISCI-COLOR Color of Miscellaneous Clothing 1
MISCI-CONDITION Condition of Miscellaneous Clothing 1
.tJlISC2-croTHING Miscellaneous Clothing 2
MISC2-COIDR Color of Miscellaneous Clothing 2
MISC2-CONDITION Condition of Miscellaneous Clothing 2
C-TEXT Clothing Text
VEH-MAKE Vehicle Make
VEH-STYLE Vehicle Style
VEH-COLOR-TOP Vehicle Color Tbp
VEH-COLOR-BOrroM Vehicle Color Bottcm
VEH-YFAR Vehicle Year
VEH-LIC-NO Vehicle License Number
VEH-STATE Vehicle State
VEH-DAMA.GE Vehicle Damage
VEH-DAMA.GE-LeX:! Vehicle Damage Location
VEH-SPB:IAL Vehicle Features
VEH-TIME Vehicle Tirre
VEH-I:lA.TE Vehicle Date
VEH-TEXT Vehicle Text

There is grand total of 82 different data elerrents contained in this

particular data base. You can retrieve infor.mation using one or several
of the different data elerrents listed in the left hand coltmm. Whenever
 147

you are looking for info:rmation from the data base, you must type in the
narre of the data elerrent exactly the way it appears in the left hand col-
umn.
When structuring a data base, several of the data elements are described
as be:ing master data i terns. This simply means that you can retrieve this
inforrration much nnre rapidly than the others. The following are known
as master or key data elernents:

1. CASE-ID
2. LCCATION-CODE
3. RELATIONSHIP
4. TYPE
5. I-LAST-NAME
6. P-FIRST-NAME
7. P-LAST-NAME
8. BUILD
9. P-TIME
2.0. 'IDP-COLOR
11. BCfI'IDM-COIOR
12. OUTER-COLOR
13. VEH-WlliE
14. VEH-COWR-'IDP
15. VEE-LIe-NO
16. VEE-TIME

By using any of the above data elernents f you will find that the corrputer
retrieves info:rmation much faster, and it is recanrrended that whenever
p:::>ssible you use one of these search items to query the data base.
 148

FINDING INFOF'.MA.TION IN THE COMPUI'ER

There are several different ways in which you can find or Query i.~forrration
from the computer. The easiest is to use the automated find cormands. You
have an automa.ted find comnand coding sheet which gives you all of the auto-
mated finds, example: Fl would be for case number, by typing in simply F Flo
The coItputer will then respond what is the value of case number and you only
have to type in RXH for the Richard Hyde case. These are the simpliest find
carrm:mds to use, however, they are not always going to meet your needs. There
are several different types of find ccmnands you can use. First, there is the
simple find corrmand. The sirrple find cormand is done by typing in an F which
rreans find S'2ACE the narre of the data element that you are looking for SPACE
IS SPACE and whatever the value is. .Example: F CASE-NO IS RXH Carriage Return.
This simple corrmand would also give you the Case Number of all the cases that
are entered lll1der RXH the sarre as the Fl corrmand will do for you. The simple
find corrmand is rrade up of three parts: 1) the narre of the data elerrent which
would be Case Number, Type, Relationship, Officer-I, etc. 2) Then there is
the relational operator. In a relational operators m.at can be used are as
follows: IS which rreans equal to, LT which means less than, GI' which rreans
greater than, IE which rreans inbetween, NE which rreans not equal to 3) The
value that you are looking for I for example if you are looking for a Chevy I
you 'MJuld type in CHEV.
 149

AUTOMATIC FIND COMMAND

GENERAL
--~

COMMAND RESULTS

Case Number
Fl
Of£icer-l Last Name
F2
F3
Officer-2 Last Name
Interview Date
F4

INTERVIEWS
COMMAND RESULTS

FS Interviewee Last Name

F6 Interviewee Last & First Name
F7 Interviewee Street Name
FS Interviewee Home Telephone
F9 Interviewee Office Telephone
F26 Interviewee Occupation

PERSON'S
COMMAND RESULTS

FlO Person Last Name

Fll Person First Name
F12 Person Last & First Name
F13 Person Street Name
F14 Person Home Telephone
FIS Person Office Telephone
F16 Person Hair
Fl7 Person Build
FIS Pe:"Eon Height
F19 Person Weight

VEHICLE
COMMAND RESULTS

F20 Vehicle License Number

F21 Vehicle Make
F22 Vehicle Top-Color
F23 Vehicle Year
F24 Vehicle Style
F25 Vehicle Make 0; Color
 150

SAMPLE FIND COMMANDS

SIMPLE FINDS

F VEH-MAKE IS CHEV (RETURN)

F I-LAST-NAME IS SMITH (RETURN)
F OCCUPATION IS OFFICER (RETURN)
F TYPE IS SUBJECT (RETURN)
F VEH-TIME IB 2200 f 2359 (RETURN)

MULTIPLE FINDS

F VEH-MAKE IS CHEV AND VEH-COLOR BLU &

AND HEIGHT lB 511,601 AND WEIGHT IB 180, 200 &
AND VEH-TIME lB 2200,2359,OR VEH-TIME IB 0001,0200 (RETURN)

The above command would find all blue Chevys driven by a

person between 5'11" and 6 1 11" weighing between 180 and 200
pounds and were seen driving between 10 P.M. and 2:00 A.M.

F I-LAST-NAME IS SMITH AND I-STREET-NAME IS NORTH,SOUTH,&

EAST, WEST, HARRISON, CRITZ, CHAMBERS AND I-CITY IS
MONROEVILLE. (RETURN)

This command would find all interviewed people by the last

name of Smith who lived on North, South, East, West, Harrison,
Critz, or Chambers Street in Monroeville.

F I-TEST NE 1111 AND I-LAST-NAME IS JONES, SMITH, DOE &

IIMCNIGHT II , 1I0IRILEY" AND CASE-NO IS RXH (RETURN)

The above command would find all interviewed persons by the

last name of Jones, Smith, Doe, McNight or OlRi1ey from the
Hyde case that have contents in the interview text.

F P-LAST NAME IS JONES,SMITH,DOE AND VEH-MAKE NE"II &

AND VEH-LIC-NO NE II" AND HEIGHT IB 511,602
AND WEIGHT IE 180,200 (RETURN)

This command will find all persons by the last name of Jones,
Smith, or Doe who have a vehicle with the license number
entered in the computer. All persons will be between 5'11"
and weigh between laO & 200 pounds.
 151

F VEH-MAKE IS FORD,CHEV,CHRY,MERC,DODG,CADI &

AND VEH-COLOR-TOP IS WHI,LHT,LBL,LGR, &
ONG,SIL OR VEH-COLOR-BOTTOM IS WHI,LHT,LBL, &
LGR,ONG,SILV AND VEH-LIC-NO NE 1\ ",UNK

This command will find all White, Light, Light Blue,

Light Green, Orange, or Silver Fords, Chevys, Mercuries,
Dodges, and Cadillacs in the system that have license
numbers.

RANGE FINDS

F HEIGHT LT 600

Will find all persons less than 6 feet tall.

F HEIGHT 6T 511 AND WEIGHT IB 160,190

will find all persons taller than 5'11" and weigh between
160 and 190 pounds.

F I-LAST-NAME IB AN,AS

This will find all interviewee IS w·ith the last name that
begin with AN to AS.

F DEH-LIC-NO IB 123-768 1 124-647

This will find any license number from 123-769 and 124-646.

F VEH-TIME IB 2200,2359 OR VEH-TIME IB 0001,0200

This would find all vehicles seen between 10:00 P.M. and 2:00 A.M.
 152

REPORTS

Reports are used to display meaningful parts of each record

that has been entered in the computer. It is a rare occasion
that you would want to look at all 81 data elements of a
record.

Reports also provide the ability to sort information in a

logical order, thus enabling you to see more easily what
has been accomplished in the investigation, plus putting
all similar information together, regardless of what case
the information came from.

You must remember that the contents of a specific report

will depend on the accuracy of the find command you used
to obtain the information you are reporting. Unknown data
should be eliminated in the find command. A report full
of blank or unknown information really doesn't help much.

The following reports have been programmed for you. If you

have a need for more reports or you want information displayed
in a different manner, contact the Task Force in the Jones
Law Building.

It is important for each operator to know what information

is contained in each report and how the information is sorted.
 153

INTERVIEWEE ADDRESS REPORT

This report provides an alphabetical listing of all persons

that have been interviewed. As its name implies, the address
and phone number of each is listed, along with what case
volume and page number the person's name is found in the
master files. The report also tells the names of people
that the interviewee provided.

Th~ report is used to 1) identify who has been interviewed,

2) obtain the address and phone number of person's inter-
viewed, 3) identify people who have been interviewed in more
than one case, 4) find the location in the master files of
a particular person, and 5) identify what interview lead to
another person.

It is important to remember that this report, as well as all

of the other reports, can be used with any find command.
You may 9n1y want th~ people who are salesment in your report.
In order to get salesmen, you would ask for all interviewees
whose occupation is salesman.
 154

INTERVIEW ADDRESS REPORT

THIS RfPORT .PROVIDES AN ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF THE NAMES
PEOPLE INTERVIEWED. THE ADDRESS AND PHONE NUMBERS ARE ALSO
LISTED. THE NAMES OF PERSONS THE INTERVIEWEE GAVE ARE LISTED
AT THE END OF EACH RECORD"

LAST NAME FIRST NAME ADDRESS

***BYERSON
CITY: UPPER ST CLAIR STATE: PA ZIP:
HOME ;" 'ONE: OFFICE PHONE:
CASE i~ITIALS: BLR VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 06
PERSONS NAME GIVEN: WILLIAM FLETCHER

***COOPER
CITY: STATE: ZIP:
HOME PHONE: OFFICE PHONE:
CASE INITIALS: WEA VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 116
PERSONS NAME GIVEN: THOMAS COOK

***WAS MONTOUR FARM

CITY: STATE: PA ZIP:
HelME PHONE: OFFICE PHONE:
CASE INITIALS: BLR VOLUf'ilE NUf.1BER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 21
PERSONS NAME GIVEN: PHILIP SCHERILLI

***SHAFFER OAVID BOX 570 RD 2

CITY: EIGHTY FOUR STAlE: PA ZIP: 15330
HOME PHONE: 225-0829 OFFICE PHONE:
CASE INITIALS: BlR VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 16
PeRSONS NAME GIVEN: DAVID SHAFFER

***KEENAN FRANCIS
CITY: STATE: ZIP:
HOME PHOi"E: OFFICE PHONE:
CAgE INITIALS: WEA VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 84
PERSONS NAME GIVEN: CLARAE PUGH

***K!:EIIIAN FRANCIS
CITY: STATE: ZIP:
HlJ/V1E PHO·\lE: OFFICE PHONE:
CASE INITIALS: wEA VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 84
PE~SONS NA~E GIVEN: JAMES HARDEN

***,JUHNSON FRUITY
CITY: KISKH1ERE STATf:: PA ZIP:
HOME PHOIllE: OFFICE PHONE:
CASE INITIALS: WEA VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 105
PERSONS NAME GIVEN: JACK COLE

***GkfGG GLENDA RD"2 BOX 456

C1TY: WASHINGTON STATE: PA ZIP:
 155

VEHICLE REPORT

This report was created to permit the officers to identify

vehicles of the same make and color that have been reported
in more than one case.

The make, color, and license number of the vehicle, as well

as the date and time the vehicle was seen is provided.
 156
VEHICLE REPORT
THIS REPORT PROVIDES A lISTING OF VEHICLES OF THE SAME MAKE
AND COLOR. THE REPORT PERMITS AN, OFFICER TO SEE EASILY WHEN
VEHICLES OF THE SAME MAKE AND COLOR wERE SEEN. THE REPORT
ALSO PROVIDES THE DATE AND TIME THE VEHICLE WAS SEEN.
WHAT CASE, VOLUME, AND PAGE NUMBER THE VEHICLE APPEARS IN
IS lISTED FOR lOCATING THE VEHICLE IN THE ~ASTER FILES.

MAKE TCOlOR BCOlOR lICENSE# DATE SEEN TIME Val PAGE CASE
tI~ER lBl lBL 11/25/76 0545 01 84 SER
SUIC GRN GRN 3S7869 1 I 01 15 SER
CADI WHI TAN I I 01 49 BlR
CHEV RlU BLU I I 01 43 WEA
CHEV BlU 1 I 01 114 WEA
CHEV BlU 1 I 01 114 WEA
CHEV BlU I 1 01 84 WEA
CHEV AlU I I 01 84 WEA
CHEV AlU 1 I 01 105 WEA
CHEV DBl 0292089 1 1 01 06 BlR
CHEV GRN 1 I 01 13 BlR
CHEV RED / I 01 16 BlR
FORD
FORD
BlU
lGR
WHI
lGR
16303C
C5-50931
1
I
/
/
01
01
116
48
wAt
BLR
FORD UNK LINK / 1 01 22 BLR
FORD WHI Blll 16303C / 1 01 83 WEA
MERe VEL / 1 01 114 WEA
OlDS lGR I / 01 14 BlR
PONT BlK VEL I / 01 21 BLR
PONT BlK GRN 788-330 / 1 01 48 BlR
PONT MAR MAR 385-386 1 / 01 58 WEA
VOlK RED RED 33A191 I / 01 79 SER
 157

VEHICLE LICENSE COMPARISON

This report provides a listing of vehicles by license number.

The purpose is to identify vehicles that have been reported
in different cases or several times in one case.

The report provides the license number, make, and color of

each vehicle, along with the case, volume, and page number
that each vehicle is located in the master files.
 158

VEHICLE LICENSE COMPARISON

THIS REPORT SURTS VEHICLES B. LICENSE NUMBER. THE PURPOSE OF
THE REPORT IS TO EASILY IDENTIFY VEHICLES THAT HAVE BEEN
REPORTED IN ONE OR ~ORE CASES. THE CASE NUMBER, VOLUME, AND
PAGE NUMBER ARE PROVIDED FOR ACCESSING THE MASTER FILES.
LICENSE VEHICLE VEHICLE CJ'lSE VOLUME PAGE
NUMBER MAKE TOP COLOR NU"1BER NUMBER NUMBER
OLDS LGR BLR 01 lLl
FORD UNK BLR 01 22
CADI wHI 8LR 01 49
CHEV GRN BLR 01 13
CHEV REO BlR 01 16
PONT BLK BLR 01 21
AMER L8L SER 01 84
CHEV RLU WEA 01 105
CHEV RLU WEA 01 811
CHEV alU wEA 01 84
CHEV BLU WEA 01 114
CHEV RlU WEA 01 l1L1
~ERC YEL WEA 01 114
CHEV elLJ WEA 01 43
0292089 CHEV DAL BLR 01 06
16303C FOHD BLU WEA 01 116
16303C FORD WHI wEA 01 83
33A191 VULK RED SER 01 79
3H5-3R6 PONT ~AR WEA 01 58
3S7869 RUle GHN SER 01 15
7R8-330 PONT RLK BlR 01 48
C5-50931 FURP LGR RLR 01 48
TOTAL VEHICLES IN THIS REPORT IS: 22
 159

PERSON ADDRESS REPORT

This report provides information regarding persons. (Remember,

persons to the computer are people who have been mentioned
in an interview.) The report contains the person's name,
address, phone number, a'nd vehicle description. The case,
volume, and page number are provided so the information can
be located in the master files.

The report is used for the same reasons as the interviewee

address report. By reviewing the interviewee and person
address reports, you can determine who remains to be inter-
viewed in each case. This report can also be used to get
the name and address of the owner of a specific vehicle or
type of vehicle.
 160

ADDRESS REPORT FOR PERSONS

THIS REPORT PROVIDES AND ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF
PERSONS BY LAST NAME. THE REPORT CONTAINS THE
ADDRESS AND PHONE NUMBERS OF THE PERSON. THE
CASE, VOLUME, AND PAGE NUMBERS ARE PROVIDED FOR
ACCESS TO THE MASTER FILES~

LAST NAtJlE FIRST NAME ADDRESS

***AARBSON WAYNE RD3BOX195
CITY: ALIQUIPPA STATE: PA ZIP: 15001
HCH"E PHONE: OFFICE PHONE:
VEHICLE MAKE: FORD VEHICLE TOP COLOR: WHI
VEHICLE COLOR BOTTOM: RLU LICENSE NUMBER: 16303C
RECEIVED FROM: R08ERT MEIGHEN
CAS E HI I TI ALS: t/ EA VOLlJtvlE NUM8ER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 83

***HtRDINf RON
CITY: STATE: ZIP:
HUME PHOI\JE: OFFICE PHONE:
VEHICLf ~AKE: OLDS VEHICLE TOP COLOR: LGR
VEHICLF. COLOR BOTTOM: LICENSE NUMBER:
RECEIVED FROM: LARRY BONAZZA
CASE INITIALS: ALR VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 14

***COLE JACK
C I TV: STATE: ZIP~
HUME PHONE: OFFICE PHONE:
VEHICLE MAKE: CHF.V VEHICLE TOP COLOR: RLU
VEhICLE COLOR BOTTUM: LICENSE NUMBER:
RECE1VED FROM: FRUITY JOHNSON
CASE II\JITIALS: WEA VOLUME NU~BER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 105

***COOK THOMAS BARBSON RD

CITY: MIDWAY STATE: PA ZIP:
HOME PHO·'JE: OFFICE PHONE:
VEHICLE MAKE: FORD VEHICLE TOP COLOR: BLU
VEHICLE COLOR BOTTOM: WHI LICENSE NUMRER: 16303C
RECEIVED FHOM: COOPER
CASE INITIALS: WEA VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 116

***OOERFLER ROBERT
CITY: STATE: ZIP:
HOME PHONE: OFFICE PHONE:
VEHICLE MAKE: FORD VEHICLE TOP COLOR: UNK
VEHICLE COLOR BOTTOM: UNK LICENSE NUMBER:
RECEIVED FROM: GLENDA GREGG
CASE INITIALS: BLR VOLUME NUMBER: 01 PAGE NUMBER: 22
 161

PERSON REPORT

This report was created to permit the officers to group per-

sons of the same height, hair co1or~ age, race, and sex in
an orderly fashion. The report will often assist in deter-
mining who should be interviewed next.

For example, if the suspect is described as a W/M, between

5'8" and 5'11", brown hair, and about 22-28 years old, this
report will provide a listing of all persons meeting that
description.
 162

PERSON REPORT
THIS REPORT IS ARRAN~ED TO PERMIT THE OFFICER TO GROUP PERSONS
OF THE SAME RACE AND SEX. THE REPORT THEN LISTS EACH PERSON BY
HEIGHT, HAIR COLUR, AND AGE. WHICH ALLOWS THE OFFICER TO EASILY
SEE PERSOND OF SIMIALR HEIGHT, HAIR COLOR, AND AGE. THE PERSONS
LAST NAME, CASE, VOL, AND PAGE NUMBER ARE LISTED TO PERMIT EASY
ACCESS TO TrlE MASTER FILES. ***CAUTION*** THIS REPORT WILL SHOW
THE AVERAGE ADULT DESCRIPTION IF ALL PERSONS ARE LISTED.

RACE SEX HEIGHT HAIR AGE BUILD PERSON LAST NAME CASE VOL PAGE
REAGAN WEA 01 114
KANASKIE WEA 01 114
COLE WEA 01 105
TRURY BLR 01 13
COOK WEA 01 116
KIGER BLR 01 48
DOERFLER BLR 01 22
8ARBSON WEA 01 83
STUDENROTH WEA 01 114
BERDINE BLR 01 14
SCHERILLI BLR 01 21
KOSTELNIK BLR 01 48
37 SHAFFER BLR 01 16
F HARRIS SER 01
M
tw1 510
HAUGHT
FLETCHER
SER
BLR
01
01
~.
06
BLACK M 47 MONTGOMERY BLR 01 49
WHITE M UNK RAK WEA 01 43
WHITE M PUGH WEA 01 84
WHITE tJ1 HARDEN WEA 01 84
WHITE foil WILSON WEA 01 58
wHITE rJt 506 BLK 26 TOMARO SER 01 15

•
 163

INTERVIEWEE REPORT

This report provides an alphabetical listing of interviews.

The report also provides the date and time of the interview
and the information provided by the person interviewed.

This report is used to identify who said what when. Many

times a person will forget something or change their story
completely at a later date. This report helps to identify
this problem.
 164
INTERVIEwEE REPORT
THIS REPORT PROVIDES A ALPHABETICAL LISTING BY LAST NAME OF
THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN INTERVIEWED. THE DATE AND TIME OF THE
INTERVIEW IS LISTED AS wELL AS wHAT INFORMATION WAS OBTAINED
DURING THE INTERVIEW. THE CASE,VOLUME,AND PAGE NUMBER IS LISTED
FOR EASY ACCESS TO THE MASTER FILES •

.. ---------------...-------~-------.--------~--------
DATE INTERVIEWED: 05/20/77
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON INtERVIEWED: LARRY BONAZZA
CASE: ALR
VOLUME: 01
PAGE: ill
SUSPICIOUS OF RON BERDINE REL KILLING VICT.HAS GRN OLDS & KNEW VICT HABITS
------------------------------------------------
DATE INTERVIEWED: 05/19/77
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON INTERVIEWED: BYERSON
CASE: BLR
VOLUME: 01
PAGE: 06
CLD REL WILLIAM FLETCHER,OPR 1971 CHEV,DK8LU,PA(TEMP)0292089,S HILL VILLAGE
---------------------------------------...-.----~
DATE INTERVIEWED: 12/20/77
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON INTERVIEWED: COOPER
CASE: WEA
VOLUME: 01
PAGE: 11·6
122077 CHIEF,MIDWAY PO REF THOMAS DAVID COOK&BLU/WHI FORD VAN 16303C
DATE INTERVIEWED: 05/20/77
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON INTERVIEWED: GLENDA GREGG
CASE: BLR
VOLUME: 01
PAGE: 22
BOYFRIEND & I(RORERT DOERFLER)WENT MITCHELL RD WED NITE.SAW SMALL PINTO PKED
--~---------------------------------------.--
DATE INTERVIEWED: OS/22/77
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON I~TERVIEWED: PAUL HARRIS
CASE: BLR
VOLUME: 01
PAGE: 48
JACK KIGER & SON RICHARD RUN BLACKSMITH SHOP.DRVS LGR FORD TRK-REG/CS-50931
---------------~-------~------~----------...
DATE INTERVIEWED: 01/14/77 --
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON INTERVIEWED: IDA HUFF
CASE: SER
VOLl:lME: 01
PAGE: Bli
MET HUSBAND THROUGH KIM HARRIS
-------- ....._-,_.- - -
DATE INTERVIEWED:
------------------------,----
12/29/77
TIME INTERVIEWED: :
PERSON INTERVIEWED: FRUITY JOHNSON
 J 65

CREATING REPORTS

To create a new report you must understand the report statements

the computer will accept. There are 6 report statements that
can be used. However, you will only be using three (3) which
are as follows:

Prior to making reports you must know there are 80 columns

per line of information. In any report statement except
sort statements you must tell the computer what column
you want the information in. The column number you give
is where the last character \<lill be printed.

1. HEADER

The header statement is recognized by an IIH"

which tells the computer you are going to give
it a Header Statement. You must also tell what
line you want the statement to appear in. You
do this by placing the number 1-9 after the H.

EXAMPLES: HI --Means a Header Statement will

appear in the first line of the
report.

H2 --Would mean the second line of the

report.

A comma follows the HI,. You must put in the comma

or your statement will not be accepted.

Then you put your statement in in " "

EXAMPLE: "PERSON ADDRESS REPORT"

After the statement yop must insert a comma and

the column you want the LAST character to appear in.

EXAMPLE: HI, "PERSON ADDRESS REPORT", 47.

This statement would make the computer ~rint person

address report on the first line of each page.

You can then give your second header statement

H2,"THIS REPORT PROVIDES AN ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF, 57

You then continue with the necessary header statements

you need to complete your report.
 166

2. SORT STATEMENTS

Sort statements are used to arrange the information

you are reporting in the order you want it to
appear in.

For example you want a listing of all persons

interviewed arranged in alphabetical order of
their last name and then you would need an
alphabetical the first name so all John Smith's
would appear before the Torn Smith's. The sort
commands would be!

Sl, I-FIRST-NAME
S2, I-LAST-NAME

Notice the higher the number after the S is the

first sort that is made. In otherwords; S2 is
done before Sl is.

You can only sort up to five data elements per

report. You must use the name of the data element
as it appears in the schema and no column number
is necessary on sort statements. Do not put the
data element in quotes.

3. DISPLAY STATEMENTS

Display statements are used to display information.

You can either display a data element or have a
title printed with a display statement.

EXAMPLE: Dl, I-LAST NAME,25 WOULD MAKE THE

COMPUTER PRINT THE INTERVIEWEE'S
LAST NAME IN COLUMNS 5-25.

Dl,IIINTERVIEWEE LAST NAME: ",28

WOULD MAKE THF. COMPUTER PRINT
INTERVIEWEE LAST NAME

If you want a display statement to print a title you

put what you want printed in quotation marks. You
can only display data elements that are contained
in the data base.

You can have a maximum of 9 lines of detail statements.

To display more than one data element per line you

simpley make several Dl statements.
 167

EXAMPLE: Dl, I-LAST NAME,25

Dl, I-FIRST-NAME,40
Dl, I-STREET-NUMBER,55
Dl, I-STREET-NAME,76

This would make the last name, first name,

street number, and street name appear in the
first display line of the report.

(SEE EXAMPLE REPORT ONE)

You must allow as many columns for a data element to print

as assigned to it in the schema. (SEE SCHEMA)
 168

VI. GLOSSARY

The intent of this section is to present a definition of terms used

in the data base organization.

1. DATA BASE

An U!AGE data base consists of one or more data sets which have
some logical relationship to one another. A data sel consists
of one or more fixed length data entries (logical records).
A data entry consists of one or more data items (fields).

2. DATA ITEM

The smallest unit of data accessible to the user in a data base

is the data item. A data item consists of a name (known as
the attribute) and a value. The attribute of the data item,
the type of internal representation, and the security level
for reading and writing the item are defined in the data schema.

A data item may consist of a numeric value or a character string.

Numeric values are either integers one computer word long, or
two computer words long in the form of a real value. The range
of values for the integer type is ± 32767, for the real, ± 10 +38
t~.±10-38. A character string value may be from 1 to 126 char-
acters long. Numeric data may also be stored as a character
string. This may be necessary if more than six significant
digits are needed.

3. DATA ENTRY

A data entry consists of one or more data items. The data entry
contains only the values of the data items, stored in the order
defined in the data schema (the attributes of the data items
are stored in the root file for the particular data base).

A data entry exists internally as a logical record consisting

of the item values (data record) and system overhead made up
of pointers and header words (media record). The size in com-
puter words of a data entry varies from data set to data set
depending upon the number and size of data items and the number
of words in the media record.
 169

4. DATA SET

A data set is a named collection of data entries.

5. DATA BASE STRUCTURE

The most basic data base used consists of a data base root file
and a detailed data set.

6. ROOT FILES

The input to the Data Base Definition System (DBDS) is a schema

which is a complete description of a data base. The output-~
DBDS is a table which contains such information as the number
of data sets in the data base, the names of the various data
sets, the relationships between master data sets and detail data
sets, and the format of the entries in each data set. DBDS
stores the table in a file which was created by DBDS. This
disc file is known as the root file for the particular data
base.

7. DATA PATHS

One of the things which is defined in the data base schema is

the relationship between detail data sets and master data sets.
This relationship is called a data path. A data path is estab-
lished ""hen a ~T item is defined in both a master and a detail
data set. The item is given a different attribute name but
the same format specification in each set. Data paths provide
an efficient means of accessing detail data entries.

8. DATA CHAINS

In many applications, data entries within a detaj.l data set can

be grouped according to the value of a particular data item.
For example-, in a detail data set containing entries for orders
received, the entries could be grouped according to customer
n~mber. With IMAGE, this is accomplished by declaring certain
items to be key items.

When a data path has been defined betweell a master data set
and a detail data set, all entries in the detail data set which
contain the same value [or a particular key item are automat-
ically linked to one another by U1AGE to form a dota chain.
For each data path, one such data chain exists for every unique
key item value.
 170

9. DETAIL DATA SETS

A detail datn set is the heart of the doLo bRse. It consists

o{Ti-;~d-length records (datn entries) which contain the aClual
data item values. The entries in any given detail data set
all have the same record format and can be ac~essed sequentially,
by relative record number, or through the use of a chain read.

10. 1-1ASTER DATA SETS

Each master data set entry points to the first data entry con-
taining the same key value in a related detail data set (i.e.,
to the head of a data chain). An entry in a master data set
may point to more than one data chain.

l1. AUTOMATIC MASTERS

Each entry in an automatic master data set consists of a key

item only (plus the media record). No other data items are
allowed. If a data path exists between a detail data set and
an automatic master, a new data entry is automatically made
in the master whenever a data entry containing a new key value
is added to the detail data set by the user.
 171

APPENDIX H

RadIo Communications

Because the investigation of crime is dynamic, the commanding officer

must be capable of contacting those under his command and they must be
able to reach him. The assembly of officers from multiple jurisdictions
guarantees that radio frequencies used will be different.

Some local units of government and some states have anticipated an

emergency requiring officers from different jurisdictions to communicate
on a canmon radio frequency and have established a network to be activated
by simply switching a channel selector on the radio and transmitting.
Should a jurisdiction not have that capabil ity, there are some alternatives
that will provide the MCT with a common radio frequency or enable it to
keep in contact with investigators on separate frequencies.

Separate FreqJency Solution - Each investigo~or will utilize the radio

normally assigned and will receive any radio messages from th~ MCT through
the regular police dispatcher for that jurisdiction. Should the investigator
wish to contact the MCT headquarters, he will have his dispatcher relay the
message.

This solution Is only valid if the investigators do not travel beyond

the range of the department base station which normally services the unit.
The Shift Commander should keep this in mind when briefing his Crew Leader
in making assignments.

Supplement Solution - Should a participating jurisdiction have a fre-

quency avai lable, adequate repeaters for broadcast and reception, and extra
handheld radios, the MeT could borrow them for issue. Also,should MCT
operations be supported by a common radio frequency, a base station should
be set up to accommodate the investigators.

Common Frequency Solution - Should the radio equipment being utilized

have a common frequency band, a frequency belonging to a powerful area
station which the using agency will release for the MCT investigation
should be identified, crystals for that frequency should be obtained and
either pre-installed or stored for immediate installation in the event of
an MCT operation.

Again, when utilizing a common frequency, a base statioll should be

established.

Assignment of radio numbers by the MeT Commanding Officer will be

dependent on the system utilized for radio communication. Should the investi-
gators remain on their own frequencies, with messages being relayed through
the regular dispatch operation, no purpose would be served by assigning MCT
 172

radio numbers. Should the MeT achieve common frequency support for the
operation, there coulq be confusion with units maintaining their agency
assigned numbers since there could be many duplicate numbers. Under these
conditions, the COnYllanding Officer should assign each team of investigators
a separate radio number.

The Commanding Officer should also issue a procedural instruction on

how to contact the dispatcher. The teams may be required to monitor the
frequency and, when out of radio contact, notify the dispatcher or simply
check in when they have been away from the radio.

The Commanding Officer will also need to issue a procedural instruction

on how investigators are to obtain criminal history or other information.
They could phone their individual jurisdictions or the appropriate number
at the MCT headquarters. However, when it is not possible for the investi-
gator to use the telephDne, the MeT radio dispatcher must be capable of
providing needed inform~tion to the field.

The State of Michigan has implemented a program which provides a

common frequency solution through the Michigan Emergency Public Safety
System. A copy of the description of MEPSS and a listing of current
locations is attached.
 173

3.5 Statewide Mobile Plan, MEPSS (Michigan Emergency Public Safety

System)

The radio frequency of 155.865 MHz will be used as a mobile emergency

channel for mutual aid purposes. Base stations will be strategically
located tllroughout the State of Michigan for emergency contact for
any mobile unit equipped with the MEPSS frequency. Base stations
shall be installed and operated only as approved and recommended by
the Michigan Public Safety Frequency Advisory Committee.

The purpose of the MEPSS System is to implement a uniform, statewide

frequency that will insure direct communications with all elements
working together in an emergency situation. The system is intended
to transform area police departments from a loose collection of
independent units into a cohesive, coordinated team.

The MEF1S frequency will not be used within the licensee's normal
service area for day-to-day operation. Inclusion of other local
government users such as fire departments, civil defense units,
and public works departments shall be as recommended by the Michigan
Public Safety Frequency Advisory Committee.

Regulation of MEPSS

Section I - Requirements of Prime Station Locations

1. 24-hour, 7-day established dispatching service.

e 2. Personnel dedicated to radio dispatching on every
shift.

3. Point-to-point communications facilities, either LEIN,

radio or both.

Section II - Operating Requirements

1. All established base stations in the MEPSS System shall

continuously monitor the MEPSS channel at all times.

2. The MEPSS System shall not be used within a licensee's

normal service area for day-to-day operations.

3. Mobile originated traffic shall be confined to intra-

agency coordination.

4. Base station originated traffic shall be confined to

coordination of mobile units.

5. The MEPSS System shall not be used as an alternate

for facilities presently available.

6. Plain language rather than 10 codes shall be used when

operating on the MEPSS System.
 174

Section III - Technical Requirements

1. Prime system stations shall be equipped with a discreet

received on the MEPSS channel. A scanner-type or
dual, front-end receiver will not be accepted.

2. Tone squelch will not be used in this system.

3. The base station locations have been selected on the

assumption of 90-100 watt transmitters with 3 db gain
antennas located 100' AGL.

4. System calculations are based on mobile units with

standard, 1/4 wave antennas and receivers wi,th .5
uv sensitivity.

Section IV - Station Locatiorls

1. Appendix I contains a list of base station locations

and a map with the station and projected coverage plotted.

2. Base stations for mobile command posts, civil defense

emergency operating centers, and temporary locations
shall be coordinated by the Michigan Public Safety
Frequency Advisory Committee.
 175

LIST OF MEPSS BASE STATION LOCATIONS (BY AGENCY)

1. Detroit Police Department 25. Cheboygan MSP

2. Wayne County Sheriff 26. Mecosta County Sheriff

3. Monroe County Sheriff 27. Mason County Sheriff

4. Oakland Co~nty Sheriff 28. Benzie County Sheriff

(at Beulah)
5. Macomb County Sheriff
29. Traverse City MSP
6. st. Clair Cowlty Sheriff/
Port Huron Police Dept. 30. Lake County Sheriff
(at Baldwin)
7. Sandusky MSP
31. Alpena MSP
8. Huron Ccunty Sheriff
32. East Tawas MSP
9. Genesee County Communications
Center 33. st. Ignace MSP

10. Bay City MSP 34. Sault Ste. Marie MSP

11. Livingston Coun'ty Sheriff 35. Newberry MSP

12. East Lansing MSP (Dispatch) 36. Manistique MSP

13. Ann Arbor Police Dept. 37. Munising MSP

14. Jackson County Sheriff 38. Negaunee MSP

15. Branch County Sheriff 39. Gladstone MSP

16. Paw Paw MSP 40. Dickinson County Sheriff

(at Iron Mountain
17. Berrien County Sheriff
41. S·tephenson MSP
18. Battle Creek Police Dept.
42. Iron River MSP
19. Kent County Sheriff
43. Wakefield MSP
20. Muskegon County Central
Dispatch 44. L' Anse MSP

21. Ithaca MSP 45. Calumet MSP

22. Houghton Lake MSP 46. Ontonagon County Sheriff

(at Ontonagon)
23. Gaylord MSP
47. Manistee MSP
24. Petoskey MSP
48. Clare County She~iff
176
 177

APPENDIX I

Internal Information Sys~cms

Although the tip sheet system has been described in detail, there are
numerous other information collection and dissemination processes that
should be utilized for the efficient support of an MGT operation.

A system must be developed for informing all investigators working the

case of activities and flndtngs by the investigators who worked the previous
shift. In addition, there should be a formal system for information exchanges
between the Commanding Officer and lower echelon supervisors as well as a
system that fulfills the requirements set forth in the organization plan for
relaying management decision during an MGT Operation. Consideration should
be given to informing law enforcement agencies not participating in the in-
vestigation either on request or as a means of general information solicit-
ation by the MCT.

Investigator Debriefing/Briefing - In order to insure that the investi-

gators are aware of the continuity of the investigation, they must be kept
informed of the past shift's work activities and of new developments. The
traditional roll call-type briefing seems to be the most efficient method
and should be given when the investigators assemble to receive assignments
of new tips from shift commanders or squad leaders.

The most serious logistical problems are encountered when there is

more than one shift working. With multiple shifts, there must be a way
for the information from the evening shift activities to be transmitted to
the day shift. Additionally, the shifts must be scheduled in a manner that
best supports investigative needs. A system must be developed which pro-
vides a positive transfer of information from the shift on the street to
their supervisor so that it can be collated and prepared for a briefing.

The specific problems to be addressed are:

• How to get information from late shift to early shift.

o How to get information from the early shift to the
evening shift.
How to get information from the investigators to their
supervisors.

• How to plan a work schedule.

The transfer of information from the late shift to the early shift
can be accomp 1 i shed two ways--e i ther a note or wri tten report sys tern or an
information transfer by a knowledgeable person.
 178

Note or Written Report - This system does not require an exceptionally

long work day accompanied by a short rest period. It is accomplished by
having the sh1ft commander or his representative write a report, a series
of notes, a log, or copies of investigators! reports for the morning shift
commander to read and prepare a briefing for his shift.

Problems with this system can arise from the inadequacy of the written
word as it is transmitted by police officers to police officers. At brief-
ings, inevitable questions will be asked about items that were not covered
in the notes. Information on "feelings" and other subjective inputs would
not be avai lable. The briefer would be limited by the quality of the written
briefing that was prepared for him.

Transfer by Knowledgeable Person - This is an improvement over the

written word because it provides the opportunity to ask questions and the
capability to interpret the answers for the next dayls briefing. The
knowledgeable person should be either the MCT Commander or his aide, there-
by eliminating communication problems that could be encountered by lower
ranking officers.

An additional problem is involved in utilizing a person to transmit

information, since he must be present until the evening shift is over and
return the next morning prior to arrival of investigators to prepare the
briefing. This activity is best assigned to a ranking officer who is
expected to work shifts involving hardship. The MCT Commander and his aide
may alternate days working the long shifts. Having these two perform the
briefing function al lows them, as decision makers, to be exposed to the
information without it being IIfiltered" though another individual. It also
provides the presence of one of the two top leaders each night without
fragmenting the two into a permanent day-night schedule.

The transfer of information from the early shift to the late shift is
best accomplished by having the shifts overlap 50 that the old shift
returns to the headquarters for debriefing as the new shift arrives for
briefing. The entire procedure takes place in the same room, so that each
shift is aware of the other!s activities.

The advantages of this system are:

• Each shift has the opportunity to hear firsthand what

the other has to say,

• Individual investigators can ask questions of other

investigators directly.

• It lends itself to a better logistic arrangement in

that the same vehicles and equipment can be used by
each shift.

The disadvantages of this system are:

 179

Work time is reduced because two meetings must be held

with the early shift.

Loss of efficiency in that investigations might have to

be cut short so that the investigators could attend the
debriefing.

Lack of continuity at the briefing/debriefing sessions

because the involvement of investigators in an inter-
view or distant lead may prevent their attendance.

A second method of transmitting information from the early shift to

the late shift is for the shift conmander to keep informed and, as nel'''
information is acquired, revise the briefing until the evening shift arrives.
(Methods for keeping the shift commander informed are covered in detail
be low.)

The advantages of the shift commander update of the briefing are:

o It reduces time spent by investigators in noninvestigative

activities.

It maximizes efficiency of the i.nvestigators by not forcing

them to be overly conscious of time factors when attendance
at a meeting is required.

Disadvantages of the shift commander update are:

o Only hot information is immediately transmitted to the

shift commander. Therefore, the new briefing information
is limited in scope.

Q Most briefing information will be, at best, secondhand.

o Officers wiil not have daily face-to-face contact with

the other shift and this could lead to a reduction in
team spirt.·

For investigations with limited logistical support, the

equipment requirements are greater than with a shift
overlap.

The reporting of investigators to their immediate supervisors when

significant information is acquired is crucial to productivity and should
be a topic of a General Order and, if necessary, a Procedural Instruction.
Investigators must be impressed with the spirit of team cooperation and
with a sense of urgency regarding the transmittal of information to their
supervisor. The importance of prompt notification should be stressed in
training and emphasized daily by squad leaders or shift commanders.
 180

Planning a work schedule is difficult at best. The schedule must

lend itself to the greatest productivity in the conduct of the inv~sti­
gation and in the utilization of available logistical support.

Organizing available manpower has the advantages of:

o Reduced need for logistical support, vehicles,

pe r s on a I r ad i os .
@ Facility in coordinating information.

GI Maintenance of a Iltearnll effort.

e Reduced need for supervisor, personnel, and operations

support services.

o Greater control by Commanding Officer.

The single shift has the disadvantages of:

~ Limiting the investigation to an eight-hour period

or requiring extensive overtime.

Reducing effectiveness by requiring tired investigators

to continue work after eight hours on the job.

These disadvantages can be overcome by constructing a work schedule

that all~~s investigators time to interview during the day as well as
during a period when many people are at home, 12:00 noon to 8:00 p.m.
Should there be a need to investigate earlier or later, an entire day
shift may be scheduled early or late one or two days a week to accommodate
the needs of the investigators.

Supervisors I Administrative Briefing - The Comnanding Officer will

require a regularly scheduled meeting with his supervisors to resolve
administrative problems and provide the supervisors with command guidance.
The scheduling of these meetings will avert the predictable scramble to the
boss l office whenever a problem arises, and it also provides the commander
with an opportunity to resolve the problems without time lost in separate
meet i ngs.

Major Casl: Team Participant Meetings - The Commanding Officer should

make conscientious efforts to keep the top administrative officer of each
participating agency informed nf the progress of the investigation and of
any serious administrative problems. To accomplish this, a regularly
scheduled meeting at a time convenient for the majority of agencies should
be arranged.
 181

Information to Outside Persons

Law Enforcemen t Agenc i es

Mass dissemination of information should be provided interested law

enforcement agencies in the area. No more information should be disseminated
than is given to the press, since information bulletins are frequently com-
promised. The press frequently releases only partial information, so there
is a need for a package to be disseminated separately from press releases.
An example of an MCT information bulletin is attached.

Specific communication may be conducted on a need-to-know basis at

the discretion of the commanding officer by whatever means he decides is
most appropriate.

Briefings to Political Figures and Corrrnunity Groups

The handling of public information issues can be of immense value in

obtaining community support. No information should be released that has
not been released to the press; emphasis should always be placed on investi-
gative techniques rather than specific facts of the investigation.

Should the investigation require the assistance of a specific community

group, briefings and, if appropriate, a "tour'l could be given. Most community
groups should be furnished only that information necessary to facilitate
coope ra t ion.
 182
SAMPLE INFORMATION BULLETIN
f,;'jA'ji:: v.: MICHIC.AN

WILL.IA.M G. MILL.IKEN. GOVERNOR

DEPARTMENT OF STATE POLICE

COL... CEORGI: I.. HALVERlOON. DIRECTOR
42145 W. Seven Mile Road, Northville, M! 4B167

Oakland County, Michigan, J~~ Enforcement authorities have

e)':l'erienced four child kidnap mUJ;"o"ers since February 15th, 1976.

Comparisons of the circumstances surrounding these ca~es has

revealed striking similarities .. An intensive intra-juri~dictional
investigative effort has been initiated to identify the person or
persons responsible for these crimes.

Cooperating L~w Enforcement agencies involved in these investi-

gations would appreciate your review of the attached fact sheets
concerning the individual incidents and noted similarities.

Upon rev) ew of this infom-ation, it is requested that you

check the records of your jurisdiction for any similar incidents,
solved or unsolved, and reply with signific~nt details.

Departments with information on persons in their are-as or 'Who

have been in their area that maybe capable of cotn.'":liting thi!> type
of crime, please forward all inforrr.ation for our review.

We thank you in advance for any cooperation you may extend

as a result of this reouest.

7fZj~~
F/Lt. Robert H. Robertson,
Assistant District Co~~~nder
Second District Headouarters

RHR:vm
 ----------- - --.

183

THE FOUR VICTIMS ARE LISTED IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF CRIME.

Victim: MARK STEBBINS - M, W, age 12

Height: 4'8"
Weight: 1DO 1bs.
Hair: Red/Blond
Eyes: Blue
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Blue hooded parka, blue jeans, red sweatshirt
and black rubber boots.
Last Seen: 2-15-76 (Sunday) 12:20 P.M.
Found: 2-19-76 (Thursday) 12:00 P.M.
Missing: 4 days
Cause of Death: Suffocation
Family Data: Parents divorced

Victim: JILL ROBINSON - F, W, age 12

Height: 5'
Weight: 100 lbs.
Hair: Brown
Eyes: Hazel
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Orange parka, blue knit cap, blue jumper, black boots.
Last Seen: 12-22-76 (Wednesday) 7:30 P.M.
Found: 12-26-76 (Sunday) 8:45 A.M.
Missing: 3~ days
Cause of Death: Shotgun blast to face
Family Data: Parents divorced

Victim: KRISTINE MIHELICH - F, W, age 10

Height: 4'8"
Weight: 80 lbs.
Hair: Brown
Eyes: Blue
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Blue parka, gray jeans and brown boots
Last Seen: 1-2-77 (Sunday) 3:00 P.M.
Found: 1-21-77 (Friday) 7:00 A.M.
t.lissing: 19 days
Cause of Death: Suffocation
Family Data: Parents divorced

Victim: TIMOTHY KING - M, W, age 11

Height: 41
Weight: 63 lbs.
Hair: Brown
l'!yes: Brown
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Red jacket, green pants and white tennis shoes
 184

Victim: TIMOTHY KING (Continued)

Last Seen: 3-16-77 (Wednesday) 8:30 P.M.

Found: 3-22-77 (Tuesday) 11:00 P.M.
Missing: 6 days
Cause of Death: Suffocation
Family Data: Living with parents

NOTED SIMILARITIES ARE AS FOLLOWS:

1. All four victims were alone and abducted from business areas
(in or near parking lots.)

2. Two of the victims were abducted on Sunday afternoons and two were
abducted on Wednesday evenings.

3. Victims were held in captivity from three to nineteen d.ays.

4. Victims appeared to have been well fed and not subjected to

weather exposure.

5. All victims were redressed in their own clothes before or after death.

6. The bodies of all four victims were deposited on roadsides where

they were easily found.

7. There was no indication of sexual molestation on the female victims,

but both boys had anal dilation.

8. The bodies were very clean including scraping of fingernails and

toe nails.

9. There was no forced used in the abductions or at least there was

no commotion reported.
 185

Complaint 27-270-77 File 0900-1 Date: March 16, 1977

Oakland County Special Task Force

SUSPECT PROFILE

1. Male - Possible two males involved.

2. Age 20 to 30 years.

3. Above average Education.

4. Above average Intelligence.

5. Caucasian.

6. Has capacity to store or keep victim for at least 18 days.

7. Homosexual. Plus - other mental problems.

8. Has a compulsion for cleanliness, to the point of being a fanatic.

9. No substance abuse involved such as drugs or alcohol.

10. Different - (strange ranger).

CIt 11. Work - schedule

12. December - January, vacation off work.

13. Super neat, clean car - house.

14. Single dwelling - attached ga~age, cost above $30,000.

15. Prior contact with Police.

16. Seeing Psychiatrist.

17. White collar job, 9-5.

18. Area of South Oakland County.

19. wants body found.

 186

-WANTED- CITIZEN COOPERATION URGENTLY NEEDED

SEVERAL ABDUCTION·MURDERS HAVE TAKEN PLACE IN SOUTH OAKLAND COUNTY INVOLVING

YOUNGSTERS. THIS CRIMINAL A,PPARENTL Y PRESENTS A VERY CONVINCING STORY TO THE CHILD. BE
A WARE, AND ALERT YOUR CHILD THAT THIS PERSON COULD BE POSING ~"" SUCH TRUSTWORTHY POSITIONS
AS A POLICE OFFICER, A DOCTOR, A CLERGYMAN OR EVEN AS A FRIEND OF A FAMILY MEMBER.

THE ABOVE COMFlOSln DRAWING OF THE SUSI?ECTED ABDUCTOR-MURDERER 15 AN UPDATE BASED ON THE
LATEST IN~ORMAT!ON RECEIVED BY THkE OAKLAND COUNTY TASK FORCE. THE VICTIMS HAVE BEEN KEPT FOR
THE FOLLOWING PERIODS OF TIME:
G MARCH 16, 1977 to MARCH 22, 1977
" JANUARY 2, 1977 to JANUARY 21, 1977
" DECEMBER 22, 1976 to DEC~MBER 26, 1976
" FEBRUARY 15, 1976 to FEBRUARY 19, 1976
THE ABDUCTOR(S) WAS LAST SEEN STANDING NEAR A BLUE AMC GREMLIN AUTOMOBILE PARKED BEHIND
CHATHAM'S SUPERMARKET LOCATED ON MAPLE ROAD IN BIRMINGHAM, MICHIGAN ON MARCH 16, 1977
AT THE TIME OF TIMOTHY KING'S DISAPPEARANCE. THE SUSPECT'S IDENTITY IS UNKNOWN.

THE FOLLOWING PROFILE INFORMATION

HAS BEEN DEVELOPED BY THE TASK FORCE:
o ----------------------------=---------------------
HE IS A WHITE MALE; 25-30 YEARS OF AGE; 5'8" TO 5'10"; 150 TO 170 POUNDS WITH AN ATHLETIC
BUILD.
e HE MAY BE LIVING OR ASSOCIATING CLOSELY WITH ANOTHER PERSON.
e HE IS AQUAINTED WITH OAKLAND COUNTY AND MAY WORK, LIVE OR SOCIALIZE IN THE AREA.
• HE HAS AN EMPLOYMENT SITUATION WHICH ALLOWS HIM FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT.
• HE MAY RESIDE IN AN AREA WHICH PROVIDES HIM AN OPPORTUNATY TO KEEP SOMEONE WITHOUT
CREATING SUSPICION IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD Of! COMMUNITY.
.. HE MAY HAVE ALTERED HIS PHYStCAL APPEARANCE (E.G., CHANGE IN HAIRSTYLE, GLASSIES, ETC.)

If you have any information on the above crimes, please c~1I the OakJand County
Task Force at 644·0400, The Detroit News Secret Witness (P.O. Box 1333, DE!troit,
MI 48231), or your local police, neC!rest state police or sheriff's office. Reward
payable upon arrest and conviction.
..,

$1 00,000 Reward JUNE 1, 1978

187
 188

APPENDIX J

A Summary of Special Projects

Carried Out by The Oakland County
Special Task Force in 1977

Prepared by

1st Lt. Robert H. Robertson, Michigan State Police,

Commander of the Oakland County Special Task Force

and

Jerry J. Tobias, Youth Officer for the Southfield

Township, Michigan, Police Department, an0 Special
Projects Officer for the Oakland County Special
Task Force
 189

Homicide investigations are, at best, difficult to work on and the

Oakland County child murders are certainly no exception. The seemingly
meaningless taking of these young lives and the lack of witnesses to the
abductions make the investigator's plight both tedious and frustrating.

The main thrust of the present investigation centers on thousands of

rOI.Jtine "tips" called or written in by interested citizens and law enforce-
ment personnel offering information on individuals whose behavior would
sugges~, according to the tipster, that they be investigated. Each of
these tips requires hours, sometimes days, and often weeks of intensive
follO\-J-up work. It is not uncommon for tip information to come in at such
a rate that investigators are unable to keep up with it.

Thus, with the investigators busily involved in tip follow-up \-Jork,

the Command Staff put into operation a number of special projects which
they felt would both generate additional significant information and, at
the same time, support the investigators in their efforts.

The Special Projects

To date, eight projects have been put into operation. Each has been
given a special name to identify its purpose. These include: (I) Operation
Observation; (2) Operation Victimization; (3) Operation Lure; (4) Operation
Fami ly Backgrcund; (5) The Investigator's Interview Guide; (6) Operation
Unsolved Homicides-Nationwide and Worldwide; (7) Operation Burial Ritual;
and (8) Operation Back-Up and Support.

For greater clarity, each of these projects wi II be described in terms

of its specific purpose, background, and the methods and/or procedures used.

OPERATION OBSERVATION

Pu rpose

Operation Observation was initiated shortly after March 17, 1977, to

encourage specific groups to be alert to both the profile of the alleged
offender and the picture of the witness or suspect as described by those
witnesses who observed him at the scene of the last abduction. Originally,
the data included a picture and description of the missing youth; however,
after his death it was modified to include only the profile and picture as
described above. It was hoped that in presenting this data to these groups
it might further the investigative efforts of the Oakland County Task Force.
Background

It was decided that the operation could best be accomplished by utiliz-

ing those groups of people who come in close contact with the public and
were able to observe them on a daily basis in the southeastern Michigan
area. This included such organizations as: 1) United States Postal Service
employees, 2) meter readers; 3) utility repairman, 4) bank tellers, and 5)
real estate people.
 ---~---

190

real estate people.

On March 18, 1977, contact was made with officials of the U.S. Post
Office in Royal Oak, Michigan. When told of the project and its purpose,
they agreed to participate in the program. A similar meeting was held at
the Birmingham City Hall on March 21,1977, with utility company represent-
atives, and they, too, agreed to Join the project. Subseqently, all the
groups mentioned became involved in the effort.

Method
Each group was asked to distribute a flyer to its employees describing
the profi Ie of the alleged offender with a composite drawing of the latter
or a witness seen in the area, with instructions as to how to deal with
the situation should they observe the subject.

For the most part, the profile was presented in the following manner:

liThe conmunity needs your help. The Oakland CountySpccial

Task Force is looking for a person who has committed
several child murders. You may have come in contact with
this subject it is the Task Force's feeling that he has the
f 0 1 I ow i ng p ro f ~ 1e . He is:

o A male and may be living with another male;

$ Between 20 to 35 years;

c Caucasian;

o Has the capacity to store or keep his victim for at

1eas t 18 days;

o He has kept the victim during the following periods

of time:

1) Ma r ch 16, 1977 - Ma rch 23, 1977;

2) January 2, 1977 - January 20, 1977;
3) December 22, 1976 - December 26, 1976;
4) February 15, 1976 - February 19, 1976;
& He has freedom of movement;

• He has problems in his sexual adjustment, he may have

difficulty relating to members of the oppostte sex
and adults;

e He relates well to young people; and

~ He could be someone that may have come in contact with

~.
 191

A picture of the alleged offender or witnes~ accompanied the profile

and a brief statement, as follows:

"This is a composite drawing and

description of the man thought to
be involved in the recent abduction
and murder of an II-year-old youth
in Birmingham."

At the bottom of each flyer was an action statement indicating what was
to be done if anyone had any information about the subject.

" I f you h ave any info rma t ion, please noti fy you r Loca I
Police, Sheriff, or State Police Post or call collect,
(313) 644-3400, Birmingham Police Department, 151 Martin
Street, Birmingham, Michigan 48011."

OPERATION VICTIMIZATION

Purpose
Project Victimization began on March 1, 1977. It was aimed at locatir,g
the various sexual offenses committed and reported to local police agencies
in the southern Oakland County community. It was hoped that by making this
inquiry, information might be obtained about the offender's unsllccessful
activities or prior contacts with the police. In so doing, this da,ta, when
analyzed, might shed greater insight into the offender's actions and his
i den t i ty.
 192

.Backg round
It was decided that such an undertaking could best be achieved by
reviewing police department records in South Oakland County. This in-
cluded: 1) Berkeley, 2) Beverly Hills, 3) Birmingham, 4) Bloomfield Hills,
5) Bloomfield Township, b) Clawson, 7) Farmington Hills, 8) Ferndale, 9)
Franklin Village, 10) Lincoln Park, 11) Madison Heights, 12) Oak Park, 13)
Royal Oak, 14) Shelby Township, 15) Southfield, 16) Troy, and 17) West
BI oomf i e 1d Tovm s hip.
The project was temporarily interrupted on March 16, 1977, when another
young subject was abducted. However, during the next few days, at a Chiefs'
meeting held to discuss the situation, the project was present~d and dis-
cussed with the Chiefs of Police. They immediately approved it, and the
victimization questionnaire was prepared and disseminated to the above
departments.

Method
Each police agency was asked to review its records from January I, 1975,
dealing with sexual crimes and/or suspicious cirCLfflstances that might relate
to same. They were then asked to fill out a spec:al questionnaire with
regard to each incident. They further were requested to do this for any
current incidents that were reported to them that seemed significant with
regard to the present homicides.

lhe questionnaire employed in this project was as follows:

Operation Victimization
Questionnaire

POll CE DEPARTMENT : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

COMPLAINT NUMBER:
--------------------------------------------------
TYPE OF CRIME: I-RAPE 2-S0DOMY 3-BOTH 4-MOLEST

5-ACCOST 6-IND.LIB 7-IND.EXP~._ 8-sus. PERSON

LOCATION: (Cross Streets) I-Bus. 2-Res 3-0ther_
---------------------
 193

OPERATION VICTIMIZATION uestionnaire

Continued)

DATE OCCURRED: Nonth_Day:_Year:_TIME OCCURRED: _ _ __

DROP SITE: (Cross Streets) __________l-Bus. 2-Res. 3-0ther

DATE DROPPED: Nonth :_Day: __Year: _ _TIME DROPPED : _ _ _ __

VICTIM INFORM~TION: Residence (Cross Streets)

----------------
RACE: I-White 2-Black 3-0ther

SEX: 1-1>1al e 2-Female

AGE:
------
SUSPECT INFORMATION: Residence
----------------------------
HEIGHT: Ft. In. Glasses: I-Yes 2-No

BUILD: I-Heavy_2-Hedium__3-Slender_

AGE: (1) 20-30_ (2) 30-40_ (3) 40-50

SEX: I-Male 2-Female

RACE: I-White 2-Black 3-0ther

HAIR COLOR: I-Black 2-BrOh'l1 3-Blnd___4-Gray___5-0ther

~.O. LURE: I-Coercion 2-Asks Aid 3-0ffers Aid 4-Bribe

5-Goes Willingly___ 6-Hi tchhiking,_7-0ther____

VEHICLE INFORMATION: Hake:

-----------------------
Nodel: I-Two Door 2-FoUT Door 3-Van

4-Sta.\\lag. 5-0ther

Base Color:
------------------
Plate Number:
----------------
AGE: (1) 74- 77 (2) 70-73
- - (3) Older
--
INTERIOR DESCRIPTION: (1) Yes_(2) No

Other Comments: (Brief) _______________________________

 194

The information from each of the questionnaires was then fed into the
Hewlett Packard 3000 computer system for storage and retrieval purposes.

OPERATION LURE

Purpose
Project Lure was initiated on April 12, 1977, to locate those young
people along the Woodward Avenue corridor who may have been contacted by
the offender. It was based upon the belief that the latter had probably
made a number of unsuccessful attempts to pick up local youngsters. In
so doing, it was hoped that the data collected would enhance the investi-
gative efforts of the Oakland County Task Force and perhaps shed greater
insight on the offender's method of lUring young people away from their
activity.

Background

It was decided that such an effort could best be accomplished by

conducting the program through the school districts that bordered the
Woodward corridor. This included an area bounded on the south by Eight
Mile Road, on the north by Eighteen Mi Ie Road, on the west by Franklin
Road, and on the east by John R. Road. This consisted of the following
school districts:' Birmingham, Berkeley, Ferndale, Royal Oak, Madison
Heights, Troy, and several private schools.

On April 15, 1977, a meeting was held with the school superintendents
and/or their representatives from Birmingam, Berkeley, Ferndale, Royal
Oak, and the local Catholic schools at the Task Force Headquarters. They
were told about the project and its purpose, and all agreed to proceed with
the program. Subsequently, the Troy and Madison Heights School Districts
joined the project.
MethQd

Each District Representative was asked to make contact with their

schools and request that they appoint a special administrative counselor
or teacher to act as a contact person with their students. Their job was
to contact their students requesting that they reflect over the past year
and consider any suspicious incident that may have occurred during this
period of time. It was hoped that the student would then report the in-
cident to the contact person. To assist them in their presentation to the
classes, the following material was supplied to each presenter:

"Boys and Girls--Sometimes you may be approached by

a person who asks directions, a question, takes a
picture, offers you a ride, talks of a job, or
suggests that you show him a particular place. He
or she may be an older person or someone young; he
or she may be white, black or dark skinned; he or
she may be American or foreign; he or she may be
 195

really nice to talk with. So nice that it would

appear natural and you paid no attention to it and
forgot about it. If anything like this has happened
to you, we would like you to stop in and tell Mr.
(the presenter) about it. This is really important,
so think carefully.11

It was further suggested that each school consider

making this presentation to grades 4 through 9 and,
in each case where a student reported a contact,
request the youngster to privately make contact
with the special F,erson. The latter was encouraged
to talk with each youngster at length and record the
data on a special form supplied to the school by the
Task Force. The questionnaire included such infor-
mation as: 1) The suspicious circumstances; 2)
location of incident; 3) date of occurrence; 4) number
of suspects; 5) suspect information; 6) vehicle infor-
rr.at ion; 7) the lure; and 8) in format i on about the
victim. At no time was a youngster identified by
name; the school was asked to retain this information
should any additional data be required.

OPERATION FAMILY BACKGROUND

Purpose

Operation Family Background commenced on approximately March 21,

1977, and was designed to compare the background history of each of the
victims. It sought to collect data from varying areas and times in their
respective lives that, when compared, might shed light upon the perpet-
rator of these crimes.

Background

On March 24, 1977, ~ group meeting was held at a suburban police

department with the mothers of three of the victims. Present were officers
of the Task Force, who had planned to ask a series of pilot questions.
However, before this meeting took place, the staff decided that it might
not be in the best interests of objectivity to meet as a group since there
were a number of questions that, when proposed Ilgroupwise ll , might prove
uncomfortable to the respondents. Consequently, it was decided to pre-
sent a questionnaire to the families on an individual basis.
On April 12, 1977, the Task Force Commander authorized the pre-
paration of a questionnaire to elicit significant data from each of the
victim's families and the instrument was completed on April 14, 1977.
During the next few weeks, each family was contacted by a Task Force
Officer and asked to complete the questionnaire.

The questionnaire was c0mpleted on April 22, 1977.

 ---------

196

--
Methods

an~
Each family member was interviewed Individually with one exception,
this family completed their own questionnaire.
The 22-page questionnaire itself was basically a "fill in" document
with sections provided for the following information: 1) personal infor-
m~tion about the victim; 2) data regarding the parents; 3) information
about the siblings; 4) medical data concerning the victim; 5) school
hi!.!tory; 6) church affi I i ation and involvement; 7) interests and leisure
time activities of the victim; 8) recreational and sporting activities of
the victim; 9) transportation activities; 10) friends of the victim; 11)
adult friends of the victim; 12) social activities of the victim and family;
13) routine activities of the victim, 14) people who provide services to
the family; 15) places where the family goes for services; 16) suspicious
subjects or incidents in the life of the victim; and 17) any other comments
thought to be significant by the family.
Upon receipt of the completed questionnaires, they were carefully
compared for any similarities. Common teachers, doctors, shopping areas,
sporting activities, etc, were sought.
THE INVESTIGATOR'S INTERVIEW GUIDE

Pu rpose
The Investigator's Interview Guide was initiated on May 20, 1977, to
assist the field investigator with his interview. It was designed to in-
sure that asking of certain key questions and, at the same time, provide
uniformity to the interviewing process.

Background
With over 11,000 tips coming into the Oakland County Task Force, and
with the ever-increasing possibility that this investigation might go on
for some years, it became necessary to insure the collection of maximum
data in a uniform manner so that both present staff and future investi-
gators might benefit from the information received.

On May 21, 1977, a meeting was held with the Task Force Commander at
the Task Force Headquarters to discuss the feasibility of such a guide.
After several revision?, it was submitted to Task Force personnel at a
briefing session for their comments and recommendations. Again, it was
revised, and on May 23, 1977, a final draft was submitted to Tas"- Force
personne 1.

Method

Both the profile of the killer and the trace evidence were carefully
examined as well as other factual data relating to all four of the homicides.
From this, a series of related questions was prepared. In addition, other
 - - -----. _ _. _ - - - - . - - - - - - - - -

197

key questions were inserted to insure their being asked. As a result, 30

questions were devised for the questionnaire with the thought that any of
the questions could be changed at any time and additional significant
questions added.

Five major areas were selected for the first Interview Guide and these
include: 1) living arrangements; 2) interests and leisure time activities;
3) religious affiliation; 4) marital status '.lnd do:ting patterns; and 5)
miscellaneous questions of significance.

It was also decided to add a cover letter to the questionnaire explain-

ing its purpose and how it was to be used. The letter read:

liThe InVE"stigatorls Interview Guide is not meant to be a

complete questionnaire; quite the contrary. It is a very
flexibl~ instrument that is designed to assist the investi-
gator 11 interviewing tip subjects.

It is hoped that the document will aid in gathering and

standardizing information that corresponds to the profile
of the killer as well as the known trace evidence.

One should keep in mind that the questions can be changed

at any time and additional significant questions can be
added, whi le others may be deleted.

The instrument should be used when interviewing a subject

whose actions and background appear questionable to the
investigator. Once having completed the Guide, the follow-
ing procedures wi 11 be uti lized:

1. Investigators should attach the Guide to the

tip sheet and submit same to their crew chiefs.

2. After reviewing each one, the Crew Chief will

turn the form over to the tip room.

3. The Tip Room supervisor wi 11 separate the Guides

from the tip sheets and send them to the Computer
which in turn, wil I place the significant data
into the computer.
4. The forms will then be returned to the Tip Room
where they wil J be attached to the tip sheets
and stored.
 198

I t is the hope of the C<.)mmand Staff that the use of the Interview
Guide will add additional data that will significantly add to the pre-
sent investigation. We would encourage your cooperation in the use of
this instrument."
OPERATION UNSOLVED HOMICIDES--
NATIONvJl[)E AND WORLDWIDE

Purpose
Operation Unsolved Homicides--Nationwide and Worldwide began on
April 26, 1977.to ascertain if other child homicides had occurred in
other cities throughout the United States. It has hoped that through this
inquiry, data might be gathered that would reveal the alleged offender's
mobility. This was based upon the belief that the offender might only be
in the southern Oakland County area dUring certain months of the year as
witnessed by the present homicides under investigation. Consequently,
other chi ld ki I lings in the United States might reveal his movement and
thereby shed greater I ight on the subject identity and whereabouts.

Backg round

A decision was made to make contact with police agencies throughout

the United States and request any information they might have on homicides
involving young people.

On Apri 1 2.5, 1977, a meeting was held with the Task Force Commander
at the Task Force Headquarters to discuss the merits of such as under-
taking, at which time he approved the project.

On April 26, 1977, the first teletype was sent out through the
Michigan State Police Emergency Services, and this was followed with a
second teletype on May 6, 1977.
The teletypes read as follows:

IIPlease send an administrative message from M.S.P. to all

agencies nationwide who have unsolved chi ld killings with
the follOtJing method of operation.

I. White male or female victim.

2. 10-13 years old.
3. Body washed or cleaned.
4. Body redressed.
5. Victim left on the side of the road where it could
be easily found.
6. Male victims sexually molested.
7. Female victims not determined if sexually molested.
8. Victims kept alive from four to eighteen days before
being disposed of.
 199

Any information will be appreciated. Please indicate

the person to contact in your department so'that the
Task Force Cdn communicate with your department."
At the same time, contact was ma e with INTERPOL and they were
requested to send the aforementioned data to their 126 member agencies.

Method
The following pro:edures to be adhered to upon receipt of data
reg,arding child homicides:

\. Any information received frcm other departments

regarding the uns(l)lved homicides will be given to the
Command Office s cretary.

2. A copy lof the d (;ument wi II y,en be presented to the

Special Project; Officer. ~
If necessary, [he Special Projects Officer will m~ke
personal cont,ct by telephone.
,
4. The Special Projects Officer will obtain, analyze,
chart and ret~in all documents from other Police
Departments.
Further, all information was to be evaluated on a IO-point scale.
If 6 out of the 10 points were met, the information was to be pursued in
depth. The points to consider were:
Cd ted a Met

Yes No

I. Abducted from street or parking

lot areas;
2. Age range 9-13;
3. Caucas ian;
4. Little or no physical abuse;
5. Well cared for &~ring period of
captivi tv;
6. Cause of dea th;
7. Cleansing of body prior to or after
death;
8. Fully clothed;
9. Body laid near roadway so readily found;
10. Sexual abuse (male subject)
The obj1ective, of course, was to attempt to find those homicides that
were similar to the ones experienced in southern O,:;z;kland County. Whenever
 200

a response was received, the Task Force was to fqrward a summary of the
present homicides for the responding department's information.

OPERATION BURIAL RITUAL

Purpo~

Operation Burial Ritual commenced on May 9, 1977, to check into the

possibi lity of the burial rite reveal ing something about the perpetrator
of the present crimes. This was based on the belief that the ways in
which the bodies were dressed, laid out, and cleaned might reveal the
ethnic origin, cultural background and/or other vocational experiences of
the kill e r.
Backg round

On May 10, 1977, contact was made with a Professor of Anthropology

at the University of Michigan who special izes in Mortuary Science. He
indicated that he would review the deaths and see if thp.re was any ritual
associated with them.

The Special Projects Officer visited with the professor in Ann Arbor
on May 16, 1977. On-site pictures of each of the victims were shown to
him and both the simi larities und differences as~ociated with each case
were reviewed with him.

On May 18, 1977, The Task Force Commander suggested that we contact
differ~nt authorities for their opinionso
Method

Each of the books containing pictures of the victims at their drop

site was shown to each expert.

Accompanying this was a list of pertinent facts about the four victims
and noted simi larities associated with each case, as follows:
Vic tim: I W/ M Ag e 12

He i gh t : 4' 811
Weight: 100 lbs.
Hair: Red/Blonde
Eyes: Blue
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Blue hooded p?rka, blue jeans, red
sweatshirt, and black rubber boots
Last Seen: 2-15-76 (Sunday) 12:20 p.m.
Found: 2- 19-76 (Thursday) 12:00 p.m.
Missing: 4 clays
Cause 0 f Death: Suffocat i on
Family Data: Parents divorced
 201

Victim: 2 W/F Age 12

He i ght: 51
Weight: 100 lbs.
Hai r: Brown
Eyes: Hazel
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Orange parka~ blue knit cap~ blue jumper,
black boots.
Last Seen: 1~-22-76 (Wednesday) 7:30 p.m.
Found: 12-26-7G (Sunday) 8:~5 a.m.
Missing: 3 IlL days
Cause of Death: Shotgun blast to face
Family Data: Parents divorced

Victim: 3 W/F Age 10

He i gh t : 4 I 811
Weight: 80 )bs.
Hat r: Brown
Eyes: Blue
Skin: Fair
Last Seen W€'aring: Blue parka, gray jeans, and brovm bc"'~s
Last Seen: 1-2-77 (Sunday) 3:00 p.m.
Found: 1-21-77 (Friday) 7:00 a.m.
Missing: 19 days
Cause of Death: Suffocation
Fami ly Data: Parents divorced

Victim: 4 W/M Age 11

Heights: 41
Wei ght: 63 lbs.
Hair: Brown
Eyes: Brown
Skin: Fair
Last Seen Wearing: Red jacket, green pants, and white tennis shoes
Last Seen: 3-16-77 (Wednesday) 8:30 p.m.
Found: 3-22-77 (Tuesday) ii:OO p.m.
Missing: 6 days
Cause of Death: Suffocation
Family Data: Living with parents
NOTED SIMilARITIES ARE AS FOLLOWS:

1. All four victims were alone and abducted from business

areas (in or near parking lots).

2. Two of the victims were abducted on Sunday afternoons

and two were abducted on Wednesday evening.
 202

3. Victims were held in captivity from 3 to 19 days.

4. Victims appeared to have been well fed and not

subjected to weather exposure.

5. All victims were redressed in their own cloths

before or after death.

6. The bodies of all four victims were deposited on

roadsides where they were easily found.

7. There was no indication of sexual molestation on

the female victil'lS, but both boys had anal dilation.

8. The bodies were very clean including scraping of

fingernails and toenails.

9. There was no force used in the abductions or at

least there was no commotion reported.

OPERATION BACK-UP AND SUPPORT

Purpose

Operation Bac~·Up and Support was initiated on July 7, 1977, to back

up and support the field investigator in his/her investigations. It was
designed to take the responsibi lity of low priority tips, which often take
a great deal of investigative timet away from the field investigator 50
that he would be free to foll~v up and concentrate pn medium and high
priority items.
Background

Currently, the Oakland County Task Force has received over 11,800 tips,
and this number has continued to increase each week by approximately 50
additional tips. The field investigators close many of these each week;
however, despite their efforts, incoming tips make it difficult to make
any meaningful gain in the tip pool. Consequently, it has become necessary
to find additional personnel to back up and support the field investigators
in their investigative efforts, so as to maintain a productive work force.
Method

In order to accomplish such a supportive effort, it was decided to

seek out regular and/or auxi liary or reserve officers fran local departments
whose background with their department would qualify them for this project.
Their involvement would be for investigative experience ~ and there
would be no monetary compensation for their efforts. It was hoped that
each individual agency would recognize these volunteers for their contri-
bution and this would be placed in their personnel records as both train-
ing experience and as a contribution to their community.
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In addition to the above, t\.e following requirements were established

for back··up and support personnel: 1) they must be members of a police
agency and a certified police officer; 2) they must have permission of
departmental supervisory personnel to participate; and 3) they must be
approved by the Task Force Command Staff. Further, the following special
requirements will have to be complied with: 1) the Back-up and support
force will consist of from 6 to IO officers; 2) they will be expected to
to work from 4 to 8 hours per week (they may work more if they desire to
do so); 3) they will work in civilian clothes; 4) they will have to pro-
vide their own transportation (it is hoped that each department might ull~~
them the use of a vehicle); 5) they wi 11 go through a special training
program at the Task Force prior to becoming involved in their investigative
efforts; 6) they will handle only those tips as assigned them by supervisory
personnel; and 7) they will be expected to conduct themselves according to
the rules and regulations laid down by the';r respective agencies. All
personnel will work with the Special Projects area of the Task Force under
the direction of the Special Projects Officer.

IN SUMMARY
The writers are of the opinion that the present special projects cer-
tainly don't exhaust the possible operations that might be employed in
slJch an effort. However, they do give some rClea of the kinds of things
that currently are being done in addition to following up tip information
to apprehend the Oakland County child killer. It is our hope that by
presenting the aforementioned operations we "have 1) illustrated for our
fellow professionals some of the special projects being don~ by the Task
Force; 2) helped to stimulate thinking on the kinds of projects that can
be undertaken in a situation such as this; 3) offered some actual operational
pilot examples for professional examination as to their workability; 4)
added to the methodology utilized for the investigation of serious crimes;
and 5) furthered the growth of law enforcen~nt.