+
GENERAL PHYSICS 1 - GRADE 12
Name: ______________________________________ Date: ____________________
Grade: ______________________________________ Section: ___________________
Quarter: 1 Week: 2 SSLM No. 2 MELC(s):
1. Covert a verbal description of a physical situation involving in one dimension into a
mathematical description. (STEM_GP12 Kn-lb12)
2. Interpret displacement and velocity, respectively, as areas under velocity vs. time and
acceleration vs. time curves (STEM_GP12KNIb-14)
3. Interpret velocity and acceleration, respectively, as slopes under position vs. time and
velocity vs. time curves (STEM_GP12KNIb-15)
4. Construct velocity vs. time and acceleration vs. time graphs, respectively, corresponding
to a given position vs. time-graph and velocity vs. time and vice versa (STEM_GP12KNIb-
15)
5. Solve problems involving one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration in contexts
such as, but not limited to, the “the tail-gating phenomenon”, pursuit, rocket launch, and freefall
problems (STEM_GP12KINIb-19)
Title of Textbook/LM to Study: Self-Learning Module 3 in General Physics 1
Lesson 1: Motion along a Straight Line
Objectives:
1. Differentiate average speed from instantaneous speed;
2. Determine average velocity and instantaneous velocity;
3. Convert a verbal description of a physical situation involving uniform acceleration
in one dimension into mathematical description
Let Us Discover
Kinematics is the science that quantitatively describes motion as the rate at which the
object is moving (velocity) and the rate at which its velocity is changing (acceleration) through
words, diagrams, numbers, graphs, and equations.
Instantaneous speed is the speed of an object at an instant. Average speed, on the
other hand, is the total distance covered by an object in a certain period of time. In everyday
situations, speed and velocity are just the same. They only describe how fast an object moves.
In physics, however, they are a lot different. Velocity is a speed in a given direction. It is known
as the distance travelled in a particular direction in a given time interval.
Acceleration is a measure of how fast the velocity changes with respect to time. This
means that a body accelerates whenever there is a change in speed; a change in direction,
or a change in both the speed and direction. Acceleration is expressed in units such as m/s 2,
km/h2, m/min2, etc.
GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 9, 2021
Let Us Try
Activity 1.1: Determining Average Speed and Average Velocity
Analyze the problem below.
What is the average speed and velocity of the mischievous bunny’s entire trip when she hops
6 meters to the east across the room in 11 seconds and then takes another 12 seconds to hop
back to her initial position? Express your answer using the proper SI units. Round your answer
to two decimal places, and include a direction if necessary.
Guide Questions:
1. Computations (show your solution).
__________________________________________________________________
2. How can you determine the average speed and the average velocity of the bunny?
Illustration
___________________________________________________________________
3. Differentiate average speed and average velocity.
___________________________________________________________________
Let Us Do
Activity 1.2. Am I accelerating?
Direction: Write “A” if the situation shows an accelerated motion and write “B” if the situation
shows that the motion of the object is not accelerated. Write your answer on the space
before the number.
___1. The initial velocity of a boy in a bike is about 5 km/h E while his final velocity is about 7
km/h E.
___2. A boy on his bike moves around a curve with a constant speed of 5 km/h.
___3. A man initially running at 7 km/h E, moves west at the same speed of 7 km/h.
___4. A boy initially running at around 3 km/h suddenly stops because of a truck.
___5. A girl initially sitting on a bench stood up and started running.
Let Us Apply
Activity 1.3: I can see Velocity!
Give at least 10 daily life examples where velocity is applied. Example, revolution of the Earth
around the sun.
Lesson 2: Motion Graphs
Objectives:
1. Determine the area under velocity-time graph-time graph and acceleration;
2. Interpret the meaning of slope under position-time and velocity-time graph.
GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 9, 2021
Let Us Discover
Graphs help make motion easier to picture out, and therefore easy to understand.
These graphs will help to describe the motion of an object which is occasionally hard to do so
in words.
THE SLOPE OF THE GRAPH
Position-Time Graphs
A horizontal line on a position-time graph shows that the object is stationary. A sloping
line on a position-time graph shows that the object is moving. In a position-
time graph, the slope or gradient of the line, is equal to the velocity of the
object.
The steeper the line (and the greater the gradient) the faster the
object is moving. If an object is not moving, a horizontal line is shown
Time is increasing to the right, but its distance does not change. It is
not moving.
If an object is moving at a constant velocity, it means
it has the same increase in position in a given time. The object
moves at a constant velocity. Constant velocity is shown by
straight diagonal lines on a graph.
Both of the lines in the graph show that each object moved the same distance, but the
steeper dashed line got there before the other one.
Velocity-Time Graphs
A velocity vs. time graph is a useful tool that can be used to describe motion with either
constant or changing velocity. Any point on such a graph will have
coordinates (t,v), in which v is the velocity after a time t.
The slope of a velocity-time graph represents its acceleration. A
horizontal line on a velocity-time graph means that velocity
is constant. It is not changing over time.
A straight horizontal line does not mean that the
object is not moving! This graph shows increasing
velocity. The moving object is accelerating.
This graph shows decreasing velocity.
The moving object is decelerating.
Both the yellow and green line shows increasing velocity. Both line
reached the same top speed, but the green one takes longer.
AREA UNDER THE GRAPH
Velocity- Time Graph
The method used to find the area under a line on a velocity-time
graph depends upon whether the section bound by the line and the axes is
a rectangle, a triangle or a trapezoid.
The shaded area in the graph is representative of the displacement
during from 0 seconds to 6 seconds. This area takes on the shape of a
rectangle can be calculated using the appropriate equation.
GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 9, 2021
Let Us Try
Activity 2.1: Area under the Graph
Directions:
1. Determine the displacement of the object during the time interval from 2 to 3 seconds
(Practice A) and during the first 2 second (Practice B).
Solution:
2. Given the acceleration-time graph, what is the
velocity of the moving particle?
Solution:
Let Us Do
Activity 2.2: The Car is in Motion!
Direction: The Velocity-Time graph below represents the
motion of a car. Match the descriptions with the Graphs.
Explain your answers.
Descriptions:
1. The car stopped. __________
2. The car is traveling at a constant speed. _____
3. The car is accelerating. _______
4. The car is slowing down._________
Let Us Apply
Activity 2.3. I am on my way!
How do you get to school? What are your means of transportation? Did
you ever wonder how short or fast is your travel? In this activity, you need
to plot, calculate and analyze your motion from your home to school.
Here’s what you need to do.
Directions:
1. Monitor your time of travel to and from school for a week.
2. Do an estimate of the total distance you travelled from your house to
school.
4. If there are slight variations in your daily travel periods to cover the
distances marked, take averages
5. Take note of your distance every 5 min. Follow the chart using the
data you have gathered from the chart, make a position –time graph.
Lesson 3: Uniformly Accelerated Motion
Objectives:
1. Define uniformly accelerated motion;
GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 9, 2021
2. Derive unknown equations of rectilinear for one-dimensional uniformly accelerated
motion;
3. Solve problems involving uniformly accelerated motion
Let Us Discover
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
If a body maintains a constant change in its velocity in a given time interval along a
straight line, then the body is said to have a uniform acceleration. Consider an airplane on a
runway preparing for takeoff. Positions taken at equal time intervals are indicated in the figure
below
Uniformly Accelerated Motion in Horizontal Dimension
You have learned about displacements, velocities and acceleration from your previous
lesson. Now you will use those basic equations to derive formulae used in Uniformly
Accelerated Motion (UAM). Using the following equations on velocity, average velocity, and
acceleration, you can derive other equations.
Uniformly Accelerated Motion in Vertical Dimension
You learned from the past lesson that freefall refers to a situation in physics
where the only force acting on an object is gravity and hence acceleration due to
gravity. Freefall as its term says is a body falling freely because of the gravitational
pull of the earth. The pull of gravity acts on all objects. So on Earth, when you throw
something up, it will go down. Things thrown upward always fall at a constant
acceleration which has a magnitude of 9.8 m/s 2. This means that the velocity of an
object in free fall changes by 9.8 m/s2 every second of fall.
The formula for free fall:
Imagine an object body is falling freely for time t seconds, with final velocity v, from a height
h, due to gravity g. It will follow the following equations of motion as:
Equation 1
Equation 2
Equation 3
GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 9, 2021
Let Us Try
Activity 3.1: Let’s Study!
Consider the following examples below:
1. An airplane accelerates down a runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s until is finally lifts off the
ground. Determine the distance traveled before takeoff.
Let Us Do
Activity 3.2: Problem Solving
Direction: Apply what you have learned from the topics above and answer the following word
problems about uniformly accelerated motion below.
1. A golf ball rolls up a hill toward a miniature-golf hole. Assign the direction toward the hole
as being positive.
a. If the ball starts with a speed of 2.0 m/s and slows at a constant rate of 0.50 m/s 2,
what is its velocity after 2.0 s?
b. If the constant acceleration continues for 6.0 s, what will be its velocity then?
b. How fast was it going when it took off?
Let Us Apply
Activity 3.3: What’s around me?
1. List down at least five events in your surrounding which show uniformly accelerated
motion.
Reference
Bongon, Resa et.al (2020). General Physics-Self-Learning Module (SLM) Quarter 1 – Module 3: Motion
in Straight Line. Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region.
Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal. First Edition.
SSLM Development Team
Writer: GENALYN O. CATEDRAL
Content Editor:
LR Evaluator: Samuel D. Rosal
Illustrator:
Creative Arts Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Education Program Supervisor: Science: Edilbert A. Reyes
Education Program Supervisor – Learning Resources: Sally A. Palomo
Curriculum Implementation Division Chief: Juliet F. Lastimosa
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent: Carlos G. Susarno, Ph. D.
Schools Division Superintendent: Romelito G. Flores, CESO V
GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 9, 2021
