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Feedback and Control System Assignment

Control systems are used to regulate the behavior of devices and systems. There are two main types of control systems: open-loop and closed-loop. Open-loop systems operate independently of feedback, while closed-loop systems use feedback to adjust controls based on the system output. Closed-loop systems provide greater control and stability than open-loop systems and are further divided into proportional control and PID control.

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93 views2 pages

Feedback and Control System Assignment

Control systems are used to regulate the behavior of devices and systems. There are two main types of control systems: open-loop and closed-loop. Open-loop systems operate independently of feedback, while closed-loop systems use feedback to adjust controls based on the system output. Closed-loop systems provide greater control and stability than open-loop systems and are further divided into proportional control and PID control.

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Kotobe 1
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Delfie V.

Ando III
CPE 314/L Feedback and Control System

A control system is a system of devices or set of devices, that manages, commands,


directs or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems. The purpose of a control
system is to maintain a desired state or set of conditions in a controlled system. Control
systems are used in a wide range of applications, from simple household appliances to
complex industrial processes.
There are two main types of control systems: open-loop and closed-loop.
An open-loop control system is a type of control system in which the control action is
independent of the desired output. In other words, the output of the system is not used to
adjust the control action. For example, a simple on-off thermostat is an open-loop control
system, as it turns on the heating or cooling system based on a set temperature, without
taking into account the actual temperature of the room.
A closed-loop control system, also known as a feedback control system, is a type of
control system in which the control action is dependent on the desired output. In other
words, the output of the system is used to adjust the control action. For example, a
thermostat with a temperature sensor is a closed-loop control system, as it turns on the
heating or cooling system based on a set temperature, and also adjusts the temperature
based on the actual temperature of the room.
The two types of control systems differ in how they operate and the level of control
they provide. Open-loop control systems are simple and easy to implement, but they can be
less accurate and less responsive to changes in the system. Closed-loop control systems, on
the other hand, are more complex and require more sophisticated sensors and actuators,
but they provide greater control and stability.
The closed-loop control system is further divided into two subcategories:
1. Proportional control: The output of the control system is proportional to the error
signal, which is the difference between the desired output and the actual output.
Proportional control is used for systems that have a relatively small error, and the
output changes slowly.
2. Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control: PID control is a more advanced type of
closed-loop control system that uses the error signal, the integral of the error, and
the derivative of the error to adjust the control action. PID control is used for
systems that have a large error or a fast-changing output.
In conclusion, control systems are used to maintain a desired state or set of conditions in
a controlled system. There are two main types of control systems: open-loop and closed-
loop. Open-loop systems are simple and easy to implement but less accurate and less
responsive to changes in the system, while closed-loop systems are more complex and
provide greater control and stability. Closed-loop systems are further divided into
proportional control and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control.

An example of an open-loop control system is a toaster. When you press the lever to
start toasting your bread, the heating element turns on and the timer begins counting
down. The toaster does not measure the doneness of the bread, it simply toasts for the set
amount of time. The output (toasted bread) is not used to adjust the control action (heating
element and timer).

An example of a closed-loop control system is an automated irrigation system for a farm.


Sensors in the soil measure the moisture level and send this information to the control
system. The control system compares the current moisture level to the desired moisture
level and adjusts the amount of water being distributed by the irrigation system accordingly.
The output (moisture level) is used to adjust the control action (amount of water
distributed) in order to achieve the desired output (optimal moisture level for the crops).

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