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Project 310

The document summarizes the forces acting on a car traveling along a curved exit ramp from a main road. The ramp starts with a radius R1 and angle of inclination Theta1, then changes to a smaller radius R2 and larger angle of inclination Theta2. Key forces include normal force, friction, gravity, and driving force. MATLAB code is proposed to calculate the maximum acceptable acceleration rates for different radii and angles without slippage. The analysis would determine normal force, maximum velocities, acceleration in the Y-axis, and displacement over time.

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Mansoor Ahmed
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45 views

Project 310

The document summarizes the forces acting on a car traveling along a curved exit ramp from a main road. The ramp starts with a radius R1 and angle of inclination Theta1, then changes to a smaller radius R2 and larger angle of inclination Theta2. Key forces include normal force, friction, gravity, and driving force. MATLAB code is proposed to calculate the maximum acceptable acceleration rates for different radii and angles without slippage. The analysis would determine normal force, maximum velocities, acceleration in the Y-axis, and displacement over time.

Uploaded by

Mansoor Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abstract

The project is about an exit(bridge) on the main road & what forces should be taken into consideration, as shown in the top view a car

with weight W takes the exit with an initial velocity V o the bridge starts to have radius R1, and is tilted upwards with an angle of

Theta1 as shown in side view of R1, then the car reaches the area of R2, R2<R1 and the road starts tilting downwards with an angle of

Theta2, Theta2>Theta1.

Requirements

Forces acting on the object

-Normal force perpendicular to the surface N

-Friction force between tire & road

-Gravitational force towards the ground

-Driving force from the car

Discussion

We have 3 different phases in this problem, as the car is going up the bridge, weight is pulling the car downwards, normal force is

against the surface of the bridge, acceleration force and friction are horizontal forces with respect to the car, phase 1 as the car is going

up will require higher force due to the gravity, phase 2 is a straight path transitioning from R1 to R2, phase 3 is the opposite of phase 1
where the gravitational force is pulling the car downwards which would require deceleration, velocity near R1 is expected to be higher

than the velocity at R2.

Possible situations

1 what is the highest acceptable rate of acceleration for slippage not to happen at R2 & R1

2 if the engine suddenly stops find final displacement

3 if we wanted to rebuild the bridge to manipulate the acceptable acceleration find different R & Theta that might give different

acceptable accelerations

Part 2
The pathway of the car will be from the interval 0 to 10 is given by

x is equal to or less than 6 is given by y=0.05*x^2

x is equal to or greater than 6, x is less than or equal to 10 y=-0.075*x^2+0.75x


-The weight of the car is 2000 kg

-Coefficient of static friction is given by 0.7 on dry roads.

-Different forces are acting on X Y Z axis

Z axis, gravitational force is pulling the car downward, the path is slightly tilted upwards before reaching point x=6, after that its tilted

downwards, W on Z axis is given by mass * gravity * cos theta, however the equation given isn’t linear equation, so theta will

constantly be changing throughout the path, this can be found by declaring an array using MATLAB given by tan inverse of slope, y

over x.

The other force which will be the normal force perpendicular to the surface, the car throughout the path has all 4 wheels on the

surface, there is no change on Z axis so summation of Fz is equal to N – Wcos(theta) = 0, which leads us to a conclusion that Normal

force equals m*g*cos(theta)


X axis, normal force towards the circle shall not exceed the static friction(0.7) multiplied by normal force for slippage not to happen,

when they are equal the car is moving at the highest speed possible and that is what we want to find, Fn is given by mass(2000 kg)

multiplied by normal acceleration, an is given by v^2/R, R1 & R2 can be found by the given equation, from y1 & y2, R1 and R2 are

given by 10 & 6.6666 respectively.

M*v^2/r= coefficient of static friction* Normal force(obtained from the previous calculations of Z axis)

Implementing that equation to MATLAB gives us the maximum acceptable velocity throughout the pathway
Y axis, since the pathway isn’t flat, the gravitational energy does influence this axis which is given by m*g*sin(theta), and the driving

force which lets the car travels, however these forces do not equal to zero, the car is contently changing in the positive y direction,

therefore Fy=ma-m*g*sin(theta) & Fy=ma+m*g*sin(theta)


Kinetic & FBD

Procedure.

1.using MATLAB find the angles throughout the path given by tan inverse of the slope by declaring an array

2. Declare an array with relationship between N & Wcos to find Normal force

3. Declare an array to find the highest possible velocities at each point by the relation between coefficient of static friction x N and Fn

4.After having all V values, we can find 2 equations that relates v with time.

5. Using what we got in 4 derive the acceleration equation for y axis, also integrate 4 to get an equation of displacement s.

6.find the time T interval in seconds by knowing what time equation 1 gets the car to x=6 and eq. 2 from x=6 to x=10

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