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حسابات هبوط الجهد وتيار القصر

This document discusses short circuit calculations and voltage drop calculations for electrical distribution systems. It covers topics such as calculating short circuit currents, selecting circuit breaker ratings based on short circuit levels, calculating voltage drops in cables and lines, and performing per-unit impedance calculations for short circuit studies. The document provides several examples of calculations for voltage drops, cable sizing, short circuit currents, circuit breaker ratings, and impedance values for different components in a distribution system.

Uploaded by

Hemo A Alsharif
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
350 views28 pages

حسابات هبوط الجهد وتيار القصر

This document discusses short circuit calculations and voltage drop calculations for electrical distribution systems. It covers topics such as calculating short circuit currents, selecting circuit breaker ratings based on short circuit levels, calculating voltage drops in cables and lines, and performing per-unit impedance calculations for short circuit studies. The document provides several examples of calculations for voltage drops, cable sizing, short circuit currents, circuit breaker ratings, and impedance values for different components in a distribution system.

Uploaded by

Hemo A Alsharif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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0.7 0.

63

300
I cable 557 A
0.63 0.96 0.82

557 /2 = 279A
185 mm2
2(3 x 185+95) mm2

5
Voltage Drop De-rating

(P
= V x I x cos(

CB

(Thermal Runaway)

317
Voltage Drop 1 5

mV/A/m Voltage Drop

PVC

318
2 5

p.u Z Impedance
4-7

Vo= Zp.u x Vline 4-7

Vline 3- phase VD 1

R Xcable 2

Single Phase VD 3
3-Phase 3

319
10

5% Impedance 460 V 100 kVA


max. Voltage Drop
Full load

100000
I ph 125 A
3 460
2
Vline 460 2
Z Z p .u 0.05 0.1058 .
VAbase 100000

V0 ( I ph Z( )) 125 0.1058 13.2V

4-7

5
V 460 23V
100

Multi-core Voltage Drop


100A 150 mm2

320
0.285 150 mm2
V/km/A

0.285 x 800 x 100/1000 = 23 V

23 / 415 5.4 %

3 3 Line voltage
3-Phase

8
4-8 V

Vmax (total ) V1 max of V 2 , V 3 , V 4 . 4-8

V1

V4

V3
V2

V1 V

321
CB

(Short Circuit Current) 1


Short Circuit Study
2

CB CB Trip Time 3

322
16 kA XLPE 70 mm2
CB

14.2 kA 70 mm2
16kA
0.3 CB 95mm2

323
CB 20kA
0.5

0.5
120 mm2 24.3 kA 20kA

9
120 mm2 20 kA 0.5 sec
23 kA 150 mm2

324
9

325
4-9

4-10

CB t kA

20kA
0.5 CB

4 9

a( mm2 ) 9 0.5 20 127mm2

150 mm2

SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS

IS.C = V/ ZS.C
Zs.c Impedance V
Is.c
ZSC Impedances

326
10
Generating Station
Transformer Distribution
Load

10 Impedances
Impedance
Impedances R

X (Source)

11 kV

X (Trans)
415 V

X (Cable)

10

327
X

(Impedance)

(Reactance) S

Short Circuits
10
Xs Xsource
Equivalent Reactance
MVASC

MVASC

11kV 300MVA
MVA

60 MVA 31MVA

11-4 MVASC XS

Line Voltage kV

12-4 4-11

328
2
3kVPh m ax
XS 4-12
MVASC

1.05 Phase Voltage

Sin Wave (VPh-max=1.05xVPh)


Relations

Infinite
Short Xs Bus
XS

Xs

Xs Rs S.C. MVA

XT XT

Name Plate

4 XT 1MVA

5 XT 10MVA

Us.c Rated Voltage

329
XT

Zs.c Xs.c Rs.c Us.c kVA

N
XT/N

(X R
Resistance
Reactance Reactance
Reactance
3-Phase Phase & Neutral

330
Single phase
4-13

Req /A 4-13

mm2 A

Bus Duct

Risers
Phase reactance

11

m Xeq

331
Xsource = Xeq = 10 m

Xeq Zs-eq

2
(Neutral Wire)
Phase to phase to ground
phase

m mm2

m XCB

ZT = (9.9) + j (10+6.75+0.15) = 9.9+j 16.9 = 19.5 m

332
3

m XCB

ZT = (9.9+4.5) + j (10+6.75+0.15+2.25+0.15) = 14.4+j 19.3 = 24.1 m

333
ZT = (9.9+4.5+8.4) + j (10+6.75+0.15+2.25+0.15+1.5+0.15) = 22.8+j
20.9 = 30.9 m

334
11

335
S.C.
MVA-
Method

(Rated power)
4-14 X pu
M
MVAraterd
M ( gen, motor , transf ) 4-14
X p.u

M 4-15
2
KVL
M cable 4-15
ZC

M 1
M

M 2

336
Generators and Motors
M
MVAs.c
Is.c
MVASC
I SC 4-16
3 (kV )

kV

DB MVA_method 12
5 MVA

Trans. DB
Cable

0.01 ohm/km
X = 0.05
11/0.38 kV

12

MVA_Source
300 MVA

337
M1 = M_source= 300 MVA.

M2 = M_transformer = 5/0.05 = 100 MVA.

2
KV 0.38 2
M3 M _ cable 72.2 MVA
Xc 0.01 0.200

13 M

M2=100 DB
M1=300 M3=72.2

MVASC

13

M
M

1 1 1 1
M eq 36.5 MVA = MVASC
M eq M1 M2 M3

36.5
I SC 55kA
3 0.38

1MVA
14 350

338
MVA base = 1 MVA

MVASource = 500 MVA & XT = 0.05 p.u

ZCable= 0.014

240 PVC
360A mm2

350 m

14

Load

1000 ,000
IL 1500 A
3 380

240mm2

1500
No. Cables 5 cables
360

339
(1500 A)

0.75 11
0.76 7

360 x 0.76 x 0.75 = 205 A

Thermal Rating
0.75 0.72)

360 x 0.75 x 0.72 = 195A

8
195A Thermal Rating 187 1500 / 8

340
3
240mm2
350 0.204

0.204 x 10-3 x 187 x 350 = 13.3 Volt

13.31/380 = 3.5 %

3.5
No. of Cables 8 10 cable
3
360 x 0.76 x 0.7 = 191A

341
Short circuit capacity (SCC)
Bus Bar
BB

M1 = M_source = 500 MVA.

M2 = M_transformer = 1/0.05 = 20 MVA.

2
KV 0.38 2
M3 M _ cable 29.5 MVA
Xc 0.014 0.350

BB M

Meq = 11.64 MVA

342
MSC Meq

CB

20 kA SCC

BB
1.7 kA
(240 mm2)

20 MVA 500 MVA

500 20
M SC 19.23MVA
520

29.2 kA

Isc = Irated/ Xpu = 1500/0.05 = 29.2 kA

343
Short
(240 mm2)
4 9 14 4

CB
65kA = 29.2 x 2.1 = Isc making

39 kA 240 mm2
29.2 kA

4 9

240mm2

344

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