A STUDY ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)

With a special reference to

NTPC Limited RAMAGUNDAM SUPER THERMAL POWER STATION

Dissertation submitted to KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY WARANGAL

DISSERTATION

For In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Degree Of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Prepared by SURESH BADAVATH HT.NO. 10097C 1070

Under the able Guidance of Mrs. JYOTHI

S.R.M. PG. COLLEGE, KARIMNAGAR (Affiliated to Kakatiya University) (2009 2011)

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Suresh Badavath (HT. No: 10097C-1070) , a student of 2/2 (IVth Semester) of SRM POST GRADUATE COLLEGE OF MBA had successfully completed and submitted his Project work titled CORPORATE SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) in our Organization in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree Master of Business Administration awarded by KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY, Warangal during academic year 2009-2011.

This dissertation has not been submitted to any other University or Institute for award of any degree.

Project Guide

(A. RAMKISHAN) Officer, HR DATE : PLACE : NTPC Limited, Ramagundam

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. SURESH BADAVATH, Roll No: 10097C-1070 has done project work entitled CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) with reference in NTPC Ltd., Ramagundam. This is a record of bonafied work submitted partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of Master of Business Administration from SRM P.G. College, Karimnagar. Warangal). (Affiliated to KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY,

INTERNAL GUIDE
(E. JYOTHI) Department Of Business Administration (HR)

PRINCIPAL
S.R.M P.G. College, Karimnagar.

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) is submitted for partial fulfilment of our course curriculum i.e.- MBA (HR) from KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY, Warangal (session 2009-2011) The project was carried out by the survey done by me with the sincere intention of benefiting the company . Project duration was from March, 10, 2011 to April, 25, 2011. To the best of my knowledge it is original work carried out by me and is not submitted else where in part and full apart form. I am submitting it from the context of Academic Endeavour for the award of degree Master of Business Administration by Kakatiya University.

Suresh Badavath (10097C-1070)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to acknowledge and express my gratitude to all the people who offered their insight on how to make this project.

I am highly indebted to Mr. M. THIRUPATHI REDDY sir, Chairman of SRM POST GRADUATE COLLEGE OF MBA, for this expert and resourceful guidance, which was of paramount in bringing out this dissertation.

I am thankful to Mr. C. VENKATESHWAR RAO Sir, Principal of SRM P.G. College, Karimnagar for providing this opportunity to conduct the project work.

I take an equal pride in thanking my guide Mrs. JYOTHI, for her valuable guidance, numerous suggestions and immense encouragement bestowed in making this project work a success.

I am indebted to SRI P. Gopal Rao, AGM (HR) for giving me the opportunity to do my project in an esteem organization like, NATIONAL THERMAL POWER

CORPORATION LTD., RAMAGUNDAM.

I am deeply grateful to Mr. A. RAMKISHAN, OFFICER (HR) N.T.P.C Ramagundam, for provided us valuable guidance and encouraging me throughout for the successful completion of this project.

I express my profound gratitude to Sri. E. NANDA KISHORE DGM (HR-EDC), Sri.

P.M.G.V SRINIVAS, Sr. Manager (HR-ED), Sri. M.V.R. SHARMA, Asst. Officer (HR-ED), Sri. E.V.RAO, Sub-Officer (Trg), Sri. BHASKAR REDDY Sub-Officer, Sri. C. KESHAVULU, Sub-Officer (PR) and EDC Staff,
Ramagundam for taking outmost interest on guiding me for preparing this project.

I am grateful to our Principal, Lecturers, guides in particular and to all others who are directly or indirectly involved and helped me in the success of this project assignment.

Suresh Badavath

Contents

CHAPTER-1 Definition of HRM Need of the Study Objectives of the Study Scope of the Study Limitations of the Study Research Methodology

01-04

CHAPTER-2 Organisation Profile

05-29

CHAPTER-3 Introduction to CSR CSR in NTPC

30-49 Review of Literature (Definitions of CSR)

CHAPTER-4 Data Analysis and Interpretation Questionnaire

50-66

CHAPTER-5 Conclusion Suggestions Bibliography

67-69

C HAPTER 1 I NTRODUCTION

DEFINITION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT:

Human resources can be thought of as the total knowledge, skills, creative abilities, talents and aptitudes of an organizations workforce as well as the value attitudes and beliefs of the individuals involved. -LEON C.MEGGINSON. Human resource management is the function performed in organizations that facilitates the most effective use of people to achieve organizational and individual goals. - IVANCEVICH AND GLUCCK. Human resource management encompasses those activities designed to provide for and coordinate the human resources of an organization. -BYARS AND RUE Human resource management is viewed as a system in which participants seeks to attain both individual and group goals. -DALE YODER. Human resource management is the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction of human resources to the end that individual, organizational and societal objectives are accomplished. -FLIPPO. Human resource management is the systematic planning and control of an network of fundamental organizational processes affecting and involving all organizational members. -WENDEL FRENCH. Human resource management is defined as that branch of management which is responsible on a staff basis for concentrating on those aspects of relationship of management to employees and employees to employees and with the development of individual and the group. -SCOTT, CLOTHIER AND SPRIEGEL.

Need of the study

The main aim of the study is to examine how far the notion of Corporate Social Responsibility has permeated the NTPC organisation in both attitudinal and behavioural sense. The essence of the study was to explore the underlying attitudes, beliefs and assumptions of NTPC with regard to social, ethical and environmental issues and to investigate what actions have been taken by the enterprise in pursuit of a more socially responsible approach. The study was designed to focus specifically on a number of key areas. These include: Understanding of and attitude of CSR Actions taken in pursuit of a more socially responsible approach especially relating to, Human Resources, Environment Community, at local and national level

Structural arrangements for CSR Barriers to involvement in social, ethical and environment

Objectives of the study

The main objectives of the study are To measure the effectiveness of the CSR policies To measure the effectiveness of women empowerment programmes among the CSR policies Observe whether it is able to distinguish itself from its competitors Is it creating any value in the long term

Scope of the study

The scope of the study is confined to measure the CSR policies of NTPC, Ramagundam. The study can be extended to all the stations of NTPC. Because of the duration of the study is small, the size of the sample has to limit itself with 36(employees) and 50(women) respectively which otherwise would have been much better.

Limitations of the study

a) The proposed study is based on the quality of the data to be collected through secondary sources. The limitations pertaining to the use of secondary data will be applicable to this study. b) The proposed will be conducted in short period i.e about 45 days during this short limited period the study may not be expected to be the detailed some in some aspects. c) The study will be conducted with the available data that can be gathered from the reports supplied by the company and the analysis will be done accordingly. d) The study is limited to CSR activities of NTPC Ltd. The outcome of the study cannot be valid elsewhere.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH: Research is an art of scientific investigations. Research is defined as a scientific and systematic search for information on a specific topic. METHODOLOGY: The proposed study is carried with the help of both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The data is used for analysis & interpretation is received from the responses of employees for the questionnaire. Comparison of response is used for interpreting the data. DATA SOURCES: 1. PRIMARY DATA: Primary data source is the data which is collected from the peoples who are living in the surrounding villages (i.e. Narra Shalapally, Malyalapalli, Kundanapalli and Kaazipally villages) by using a structured questionnaire. 2. SECONDARY DATA: The secondary data concerned with organization profile and industry profile, total employees of the organization previous perspectives, collected from the existing records of organization are used. RESEARCH DESIGN: SAMPLE SIZE: A total of 30 Villagers and Women peoples are taken as sample size from the areas. SAMPLE AREA: The data is collected from the villagers and women beneficiaries of the above villages. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT: A survey on Women Empowerment programmes conducted by NTPC, Ramagundam under the scheme Community Development of Corporate Social Responsibility, consisting of 14 questions is prepared depending on awareness of peoples on the programmes. TOOLS OF ANALYSIS: The collected data was analyzed with the help of simple percentage, column and pie diagrams.

C HAPTER 2 O RGANISATION P ROFILE

ORIGIN OF NTPC

NTPC was incorporated in November 1975 with the main objective of planning prompting and organizing on integral development of thermal power in the country. The company started functioning in March 1976.

About NTPC
Indias largest power company, NTPC was set up in 1975 to accelerate power development in India. NTPC is emerging as a diversified power major with presence in the entire value chain of the power generation business. Apart from power generation, which is the mainstay of the company, NTPC has already ventured into consultancy, power trading, ash utilisation and coal mining. NTPC ranked 317th in the 2009, Forbes Global 2000 ranking of the Worlds biggest companies. NTPC became a Maharatna company in May, 2010, one of the only four companies to be awarded this status.

The total installed capacity of the company is 33,194 MW (including JVs) with 15 coal based and 7 gas based stations, located across the country. In addition under JVs, 5 stations are coal based & another station uses naptha/LNG as fuel. The company has set a target to have an installed power generating capacity of 1,28,000 MW by the year 2032. The capacity will have a diversified fuel mix comprising 56% coal, 16% Gas, 11% Nuclear and 17% Renewable Energy Sources(RES) including hydro. By 2032, non fossil fuel based generation capacity shall make up nearly 28% of NTPCs portfolio. NTPC has been operating its plants at high efficiency levels. Although the company has 18.10% of the total national capacity, it contributes 28.60% of total power generation due to its focus on high efficiency.

In October 2004, NTPC launched its Initial Public Offering (IPO) consisting of 5.25% as fresh issue and 5.25% as offer for sale by Government of India. NTPC thus became a listed company in November 2004 with the Government holding 89.5% of the equity share capital. In February 2010, the Shareholding of Government of India was reduced from 89.5% to 84.5% through Further Public Offer. The rest is held by Institutional Investors and the Public.

STRUCTURE
Majority of Generation, Transmission and Distribution capacities are with either public sector companies or with State Electricity Boards (SEBs) Private sector participation is increasing especially in Generation and Distribution Distribution licenses for several cities are already with the private sector Three large ultra-mega power projects of 4000MW each have been recently awarded to the private sector on the basis of global tenders.

MAIN PLAYERS
Major players in the Power sector can be broadly divided into public, private and international private sectors.

G - Generation

T - Transmission

D - Distribution

POLICY
100% FDI permitted in Generation, Transmission & Distribution - the Government is keen to draw private investment into the sector Policy framework: Electricity Act 2003 and National Electricity Policy 2005 Incentives: Income tax holiday for a block of 10 years in the first 15 years of operation; waiver of capital goods' import duties on mega power projects (above 1,000 MW generation capacity) Independent Regulators: Central Electricity Regulatory Commission for central PSUs and inter-state issues. Each state has its own Electricity Regulatory Commission.

Vision

A world class integrated power major, powering India's growth with increasing global presence.

Mission

Develop and provide reliable power related products and services at competitive prices, integrating multiple energy resources with innovative & Eco-friendly technologies and contribution to the society

Core Values BCOMIT

Business ethics Customer Focus Organizational & Professional Pride Mutual Respect & Trust Innovation & Speed Total Quality for Excellence

NTPC ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS

The original design is one of the main factors, which ultimately determine the Effectiveness of an enterprise. The broad of directors is the supreme policy making body, which give the direction to the activities of the organization. The head of this board is the chairman & managing director who is also the full time chief executive of the company. The members of this board are both full-time directors as well as senior level officers. The basis divisions, which are accountable to CMD, are 1. Technical and engineering division 2. Corporate commercial division 3. Operation services division 4. Corporate human resource division 5. Corporate project division 6. Corporate finance division 7. Vigilance division

JOINT VENTURES:
NSPCL & BESCL : Two joint ventures with SAIL to own and operate 314 MW of Capacity UPL : A joint venture company incorporated in 1995 has been taking up construction, erection and project management work in power and other sectors. NASL: A joint venture company with Alstom power plant servicesprivate limited, formed for taking up renovation and modernization of power plants in India & SAARC countries. NTECL: A 50:50 JV company with Tamil Nadu formed to setup 1000MW power plant at ennore in Tamil Nadu.

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SUBSIDIARIES:
NVVN: NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited (NVVN), a wholly owned subsidiary, incorporated for undertaking power trading has commenced operations. NHL : A subsidiary , NTPC hydro limited has been formed to develop small and medium hydroelectric power project upto 250 MW capacity NESCL: NTPC Electricity Supply Company Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary company incorporated to enter into business of distribution and supply of power is in negotiation to acquire distribution circles in various states. PPDCL : A wholly owned subsidiary formed to take up setting up of a power plant at Pipavave in Gujarat.

ACQUISITION:
Business development through Acquisition serves both NTPC's own commercial interest as well as the interest of the Indian economy. Taking over being a part of the acquisition process, is also an opportunity for NTPC to add to its power generation capacity through minimal investment and very low gestation period. NTPC has, over the years, acquired the following three power stations belonging to their utilities/SEBs and has turned around each of them using its corporate abilities.

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Corporate Mission:
Make available reliable and quality power in increasingly large quantities at competitive prices and ensure timely realization of revenues. Adopt a broad based capacity portfolio including hydro power, LNG, nuclear power and non-conventional and eco-friendly. Plan and speedily implement power projects using state-of-the-art technologies. Be an integrated utility by implementing strategic diversifications in area such as power trading, distribution, transmission, coal mining, coal beneficiation etc. Develop a strong portfolio of profitable business in overseas markets including technical services, generation assets etc. Lead fundamental and applied research for adoption of State-of-the-art technologies, breakthrough efficiency improvements and new fuels. Lead developmental efforts in the Indian Power Sector including assisting state utility reform, policy advocacy etc. Be a socially responsible corporate entity with thrust on environmental protection, as utilization community development and energy conservation. Continuously attract and develop competent and human resources to match world standards.

Corporate Objective:
In pursuance of the vision and mission, the following are the corporate objectives of NTPC: To realize the vision and mission, eight key corporate objectives have been identified. These objectives would provide the link between the defined mission and the functional strategies.

1. Business portfolio growth:

To further consolidate NTPC`s position as the leading thermal power generation company in India and establish a presence in hydro power segment.

The broad base the generation mix by evaluating conventional and nonconventional sources of energy to ensure long run competitiveness and mitigate fuel risks. To diversify across the power value chain in India by considering backward and forward integration into area such as power trading, transmission, distribution, coalmining, coal beneficiation etc. 12

To develop a portfolio of generation assets in international markets. To establish a strong services branding in the domestic and international market.

2. Customer focus:
To faster a collaborative style of working with customers, growing to be a preferred brand for supply of quality power. To expand the relationship with exiting customers by offering a bouquet of services in addition to supply of power. E.g. Trading, energy-consulting, distribution-consulting, management practices. To expand future customer portfolio through profitable diversification into down stream businesses, Intel alia retail distribution and direct supply. To ensure rapid commercial decision making, using customer specific information with adequate concern for the interest of the customer

3. Agile Corporation:
To ensure effectiveness in business decisions and responsiveness to change in the business environment by : --Adopting a portfolio approach to new business development. --Continues and co-ordinate assessment of the business environment to identify and respond to opportunities and threats. To develop a learning organization having knowledge-based competitive edge in current and future businesses. To effectively leverage information technology to ensure speedy decision making across the organization.

4. Performance Leadership:
To continuously improve on project execution time and cost in order to sustain long run competitiveness in generation. To operate& maintain NTPC stations at par with the best- run utilities in the world with respect to availability, reliability, efficiency, productivity and costs. To effectively leverage information Technology to drive process efficiencies. To aim for performance excellence in the diversification businesses. To embed quality in all systems and processes

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5. Human Resource Development:

To enhance organizational performance by institutionalizing any objective and open performance management system. To align individual and organizational needs and develop business leaders by implementing a career development system. To enhance commitment of employee by recognizing and rewarding high performance. To build and sustain learning organization of competent world class professionals. To institutionalize core values and create a culture of team- building, empowerment, equity, innovation and openness which would motivate employees and enable achievement of strategic objectives

6. Financial Soundness
To maintain and improve the financial soundness of NTPC by prudent management of the financial resources. To continuously strive to reduce the cost of capital through prudent management of deployed funds, leveraging opportunities in domestic and international financial markets. To develop appropriate commercial policies and processes this would ensure remunerative tariffs and minimize receivables. To continuously strive for reduction in cost of power generation by improving operating practices.

7. Sustainable Power Development:

To contribute to sustainable power development by discharging corporate social responsibilities. To lead the sector in the areas of resettlement and rehabilitation and environment protection including effective ash-utilization, peripheral development and energy conservation practice. To lead developmental efforts in the Indian power sector through efforts at policy advocacy, assisting customers in reform, disseminating best practices in the operations and management of power plants etc.

8. Research and Development:

To pioneer the adoption of reliable, efficient and cost- effective technologies by carrying out fundamental and applied research in alternate fuels and technologies. 14

 To carry out research and development of breakthrough techniques in power plant construction and operation that can lead to more efficient, reliable and environment friendly operation of power plants in the country. To disseminate the technology to other players in the sector and the long run generating revenue through proprietary technologies.

Business Model of NTPC

Business model of NTPC has been formed based on the strategies of NTPC. This included: 1. Cost efficiency i.e. providing power at reasonable prices so that they could provide power to all in need. 2. Eco friendly system: Driven by its commitment for sustainable growth of power, NTPC has evolved a well defined environment management policy and sound environment practices for minimizing environmental impact arising out of setting up of power plants and preserving the natural ecology. 3. Efficiency improvement includes both improvements in the existing process and through improvement in the technology used to increase the productivity of the company. Research & Development Centre is ISO 17025 accredited and provides high end scientific services to all the company s stations as well as many outside stations resulting in improving availability and reliability of stations by providing condition assessment, failure analysis, solving and analyzing specific problems, and helping our stations in increasing the availability and reliability of their units. 4. Technology enhancement i.e. to stay in competition they have to continuously enhance their technology.

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THE TEN PRINCIPLES OF GLOBAL COMPACT

The Global Compact's ten principles in the areas of human rights, labour, the environment and anti-corruption enjoy universal consensus and are derived from: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights The International Labour Organization's Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development The United Nations Convention Against Corruption The Global Compact asks companies to embrace, support and enact, within their sphere of influence, a set of core values in the areas of human rights, labour standards, the environment, and anti-corruption: Human Rights Principle 1: Business should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights; and Principle 2: Make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses. Labour Principle 3: Business should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining; Principle 4: The elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour; Principle 5: The effective abolition of child labour; and Principle 6 : The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation Environment Principle 7 : Business should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges;

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Principle 8 : Undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility; and Principle 9 : Encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies. Anti-Corruption Principle 10 : Business should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery

HRD at NTPC
The HR strategy of NTPC has been designed around the four building blocks of competence building, commitment building, culture building and system building. Culture building is done by creating transparency, openness and ease of communication, strengthening mutual respect and trust, leading to establishment of a people oriented and people sensitive organization. This has resulted in recognition of NTPC as one of the best employers in the country as well as obtaining consistently high rankings in surveys such as Great place to work and Best companies to work for 1. Human Resources o 'People before PLF (Plant Load Factor)' is the guiding philosophy behind the entire gamut of HR policies at NTPC. NTPC is strongly committed to the development and growth of all employees as individuals and not just as employees. They currently employ approximately 26,000 people at NTPC. o Competence building, Commitment building, Culture building and Systems building are the four building blocks on which our HR systems are based.

NTPC HR Vision "To enable our people to be a family of committed world class professionals."
2. Recruitment o NTPC believes in the philosophy of 'Grow your own timber'. Their 'Executive Trainee' scheme was introduced in 1977 with the objective of raising a cadre of home grown professionals. First Division Graduate Engineers/ Post graduates are hired through nation-wide open competitive examinations and campus recruitments. Hiring is followed by 52 weeks of fully paid induction training.

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3 Career Advancement & Opportunities

o NTPC has a well established talent management system in place, to ensure they deliver on their promise of meaningful growth and relevant challenges for our employees. NTPC talent management system comprises PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT, CAREER PATHS and LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT.

4 Rewards & Recognitions

o At NTPC, from inception, created a culture of rewards and recognitions through celebration of various achievements and events and recognising the contributions behind such success.

5 Innovate, Create, Compete

o NTPC has introduced numerous initiatives which seek to enhance the creativity, innovation, functional aptitude and teamwork of our employees. These initiatives include National Open Competition for Executive Talent (NOCET), Professional Circles, Quality Circles, Business Minds and Medha Pratiyogita (a quiz for our employees). A management journal called Horizon is published quarterly to enable the employees to share their ideas and experiences across the organization.

6 Quality of Work-Life
o NTPC is proud of its systems for providing a good quality of work-life for its employees. In addition to providing beautiful and safe work places, NTPC encourages a culture of mutual respect and trust amongst peers, superiors and subordinates. o Away from hectic city life, NTPC townships provide an environment of serenity, natural beauty and close community living. Numerous welfare and recreation facilities including schools, hospitals and clubs are provided at the townships to enhance quality of life & the well being of employees and their families. An entire range of benefits, from child care leave to post retirement medical benefits are extended to employees to meet any exigency that may arise in a person's life.

7 Knowledge Management in NTPC

o To meet our ultimate objective of becoming a learning organisation, an integrated Knowledge Management System has been developed, which facilitates tacit knowledge in the form of learning and experiences of employees to be captured and summarized for future reference.

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8 Training & Development

o NTPC subscribes to the belief that efficiency, effectiveness and success of the organisation, depends largely on the skills, abilities and commitment of the employees who constitute the most important asset of the organisation. o NTPC Training Policy envisages a minimum of 7 man days of training per employee per year. They have developed their own comprehensive training infrastructure.

9 Education Up-gradation Schemes

o To meet the academic aspirations of employees and match them with the needs of the organisation, NTPC has tie-ups with institutes of repute like MDI, Gurgaon; IIT Delhi; BITS Pilani, etc. NTPC sponsors fixed size batches of employees who are inducted into these courses based on their performance rating in the company and their performance in the entrance exam conducted by the respective institute. Unlike other study leave and sabbaticals, employees undergoing these courses do not forego their salary or growth during the duration of the course.

10 Seeking Feedback
o NTPC actively seeks and encourage employee feedback to ensure that our HR interventions and practices remain relevant and meaningful. Management regularly conduct Employee Satisfaction and Organisational Climate Surveys.

11 Awards
o NTPC derive immense satisfaction from the awards It receives and the resulting recognition they bestow. The awards are key indicators and milestones on they HR journey, and reinforce in HR philosophy and practices. NTPC has been awarded No.1, Best Workplace in India among large organisations for the year 2008, by the Great Places to Work Institute, India Chapter in collaboration with The Economic Times.

12 HR DEPARTMENTS @ NTPC

ED

EB

ER

ES

EDC

Rajbhasha Group

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EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED):

This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion, appraisals and other development aspects. ED maintains the Management Information System for the organization.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)

The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and benefits like recruitment, separation loans and advances, which the employees are eligible. The Voluntary Retirement Scheme is also dealt by EBG.

EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)

The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract Labor, security i.e. CISF and GPAIS of NTPC

EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)

The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law related matters.

EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)

The EDC conducts various workshops and Training Programme to employees and other trainees. EDC conducts IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing higher education with jobs.

RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has Rajbhasha Group. This Group does the Hindi translation; conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities

Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Station

Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Station, one of the biggest thermal power stations in India, is a coal-based power station situated at Jyothinagar in Karimnagar district.
Ramagundam is situated at a distance of about 75 Kms. Godavari and is the highly populated village in the madal. The power-house at the place is the biggest thermal power producing station in the state and supplies power to Hyderabad, Karimnagar and Warangal and also to the Mancherial Cement Factory.

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A Navaratna Public sector undertaking completed 25 glorious years in service to the Nation. The Corporation during this period has gown to be a front runner in the Indian Power Sector and ranked as the 6th largest Power Generator in the world with an installed capacity of 19,435 MW. The endeavour of NTPC is to make available reliable and quality power in increasingly large quantities. Thus making India self sufficient in Power Generation and emergence as one of the world leading economies. The station started power generation in 1983. The station generates about 2600 MW of power annually. The fuel for the power generation is taken from the South Godavari Coal Fields and water is taken from Pochampad dam. The power generated from the power plant is shared by the south Indian states of Andhrapradesh, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala and Pondicherry. And would be distributed among the states depending on their requirements. The Ramagundam power plant is the third in the series of the super thermal power stations set up by the NTPC. Since its inception, the station has achieved excellence in all operational spheres like project implementation, generation, environment management, ash utilization, etc. NTPC Ramagundam is considered to be one of the best in the nation. NTPC Ramagundam has exemplary vision for the environment which includes afforestation, monitoring environment impacts using NRSA satellite imaging services, Ash pond treatment, Ash brick plants, awareness of environment to the local community. Ramagundam Super Thermal Power station completes 25 years, the National Thermal Power Corporation, Ramagundam, the beacon light of the Southern states, is celebrating its silver jubilee of its inception in the district.

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Accolades

Top six out of eight National Awards for Meritorious Performance of Thermal Power Stations for 2008-09 instituted by the Government of India won by NTPC coal stations.

No. 1 Independent Power Producer in Asia and 2nd globally in the Platts Top 250 Global Energy Company Rankings 2009. National Award for excellence in Corporate Governance 2009 by Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI). Gold Trophy for SCOPE Meritorious Award for best practices in Human Resource Management.

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NTPC'S Approach
It has been possible to achieve a satisfactory combination of environmental quality and techno-economics through determined efforts at NTPC for its projects. Continuous vigilance is maintained to minimise pollution apart from other management programmes taking root simultaneously with construction activities. The appropriate afforestation programme for plant, township, green-belt and other sites are designed according to the geographical features. The species are selected on the basis of their adaptability and grouped with local representatives. The growth characteristics, flowering pattern and canopy (spreading nature) are evaluated in their distribution over these sites of afforestation. These considerations not only contribute to the aesthetics but also go a long way in serving as "Sinks" for the pollutant emissions of the power plant. At times, they combat pollution from other industries in the surrounding area. Saving the existing trees, planting right at the beginning of construction phase, preservation of trees and advice from State Forest Departments and Agriculture Universities are a few general guidelines followed by NTPC in the afforestation programmes at their projects. The site specific afforestation details conform to the natural climatic conditions and adaptability of species. The species are grouped into a heterogeneous combination to impart a natural and healthy assemblage. The arrangement of species in the green belt / buffer zone conforms to hexagonal pattern to facilitate maximum density of species. In addition, the growth pattern and canopy are evaluated in their actual locations of the hexagonal pattern which help uniform canopy spreading. The tree planting, garden and park development in and around the township adds to the general aesthetics. Plant species of medicinal value are cultivated separately in isolated patch and information made available to residents for use appropriately. The nursery ensures good quality planting stock so vital in the success of planting programmes. In order to reduce the transport cost and damage to the planting stock, nurseries have been developed at the projects to meet the planting requirement. NTPC has developed independent Horticulture Department at its projects headed by experienced horticulture officers / supervisors.

Centre for Power Efficiency & Environment Protection (CenPEEP)

Towards reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission from Indian thermal power plants, NTPC has been promoting and deploying efficient power generation technologies and practices from design stage to operation stage and building local institutional capacities for continuously striving for eco-friendly technologies.

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NTPC established Centre for Power Efficiency & Environmental Protection (CenPEEP) in collaboration with USAID with a mandate to reduce GHG emissions per unit of electricity generated by improving the overall performance of coal-fired power plants. The Centre functions as a Resource Centre for acquisition, demonstration and dissemination of stateof-the-art technologies and practices for performance improvement of coal fired power plants for the entire power sector of India.

Win-Win Approach for Global Climate Change

NTPC has adopted a win-win strategy at CenPEEP by achieving synergy between environmental concerns and utility needs and initiating Comprehensive Performance Optimization Program thereby successfully balancing the dual objectives of reducing carbon di-oxide emissions that contribute to climate change and facilitating higher efficiency of power generation. Reduction of forced outages to improve availability and reliability, which serves as a platform for sustained high efficiency generation is an integral part of optimization program .

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Centre for Power Efficiency and Environmental Protection

NTPCs effort for betterment of Indian Power Sector, CenPEEP is also assisting various state electricity utilities in India by demonstration and dissemination of improved technologies and practices. To increase outreach to SEBs, two Regional Centres of CenPEEP have been established at Northern Region (Lucknow) and Eastern Region (Patna).This approach has brought significant benefits to the power plants and helped in reduction of emissions.

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Technological Interventions
For greater acceptability and assimilation of eco-friendly technologies and practices, methodology of Technology Acquisition, demonstration and Dissemination has been adopted. with focus has been on low cost high benefit options, & involving people from local power stations during demonstration and widespread dissemination.

Participant in Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate

Ministry of Power (Government of India) and Central Electricity Authority (CEA) have recognized NTPC/CenPEEP as an important agency involved in GHG reduction efforts and the success achieved in this area. For Asia Pacific Partnership (APP) on Clean Development and Climate, where India is one of the participants along with Australia, China, Korea, Japan, USA, and Canada, Government of India, has entrusted NTPC/CenPEEP to work on efficiency evaluation for improvement in selected power stations of state utilities.

Recognitions
Climate Technology Initiative Award of CTI, Paris
CenPEEP has been conferred World Climate Technology Award 2002 under the Climate Technology Initiative of International Energy Agency, Paris. The award recognizes the outstanding achievements of individuals and organisations in helping to commercialize and diffuse climate-friendly technologies. The award is decided by peer evaluation by an international panel. It was conferred during the Eighth Session of the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC-COP 8) held in New Delhi in October 2002. Climate Protection Award of USEPA CenPEEP has also received U.S.Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Climate Protection Award for 2003. U.S. EPA honors the extraordinary accomplishments of individuals, companies, and organizations that have made significant contributions to protecting the environment. This recognition reflects the outstanding achievement of CenPEEP.

ASH UTILISATION
Ash utilization is one of the key concerns at NTPC. The Ash Utilization Division, set up in 1991, strives to derive maximum usage from the vast quantities of ash produced at its coal-based stations. The division proactively formulates policy, plans and programme for ash utilization. It further monitors the progress in these areas and works at developing new fields of ash utilization.

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The quality of ash produced conforms to the requirements of IS 3812. The fly ash generated at NTPC stations is ideal for use in cement, concrete, concrete products, cellular concrete, lightweight aggregates, bricks/blocks/tiles etc. This is attributed to its very low loss on ignition value. To facilitate availability of dry ash to end-users all new units of NTPC are provided with the facility of dry ash collection system. Partial dry ash collection systems have also been set up at the existing stations where these facilities did not exist earlier. Augmentation of these systems to 100% capacity is presently in progress. As the emphasis on gainful utilization of ash grew, the usage over the years also increased. From 0.3 million tonnes in 1991-1992, the level of utilization during 2007-08 stood at over 23.686 million tonnes. The various channels of ash utilization currently include use by a number of Cement, Asbestos-Cement products & Concrete manufacturing Industries, Land Development, Roads & Embankments, Ash Dyke Raising, and Building Products. Area wise break-up of utilization for the year 2007-08 is as under: Area of Utilization Land Development Cement & Concrete Roads/Embankments Ash Dyke Raising Bricks Mine Filling Others Total Quantity (in Million Tons) 6.935 8.694 2.277 3.886 0.14 0.946 0.808 23.686

NTPC has adopted user friendly policy guidelines on ash utilisation. These include actions identified for: 1. 2. 3. 4. Ash Collection & Storage System Facilities & Incentives to users Direct Department Activities Administrative & Financial aspects.

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In order to motivate entrepreneurs to come forward with ash utilisation schemes, NTPC offers several facilities and incentives. These include free issue of all types of ash viz. Dry Fly Ash / Pond Ash / Bottom Ash & infrastructure facilities, wherever feasible. Necessary help and assistance is also offered to facilitate procurement of land, supply of electricity etc. from Govt. Authorities. Necessary techno-managerial assistance is given wherever considered necessary. Besides NTPC uses only ash based bricks & portland pozzolana cement (FAPPC) in most of its construction activities. FAPPC (as per IS 1489 Part-1) and Fly Ash Bricks (as per IS 12894) have been included in our standard specifications. Demonstration projects are taken up in area of Agriculture, Building materials, Mine filling etc.

Major Initiatives Taken By NTPC Towards Ash Utilization

NTPC continually strives to evolve innovative and diverse means of ash utilization to further broaden the scope. Prominent among the methods devised so far are: Dry Flyash Extraction Systems Use in cement & concrete Use in Ash based products including setting up of Ash Technology Park Land Development/Wasteland Development, Roads & Embankments, Raising ash dykes' Mine filling / Stowing Agriculture

In addition, NTPC (together with the Government of India) has been partaking in Fly Ash Mission activities

NTPC Guide For Users Of Coal Ash

NTPC, Ash Utilization Division has brought out a booklet titled 'NTPC Guide for Users of Coal Ash' for distribution amongst prospective entrepreneurs and users of ash. It covers salient information about NTPC's power stations, facilities offered for setting up of ash based industry, statistics about ash production and its quality, brief write-up about various technologies available for utilization of ash, list of equipment manufacturers, technology suppliers, agencies who may be approached for setting up the projects etc. Other Promotional literature printed for distribution includes Brochures titled: Ash a Resource Eco-Friendly Bricks for new Millennium Flyash based Portland Pozzolana Cement

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Coal ash Environment friendly material for fills, Embankments and Road pavement construction

Besides, literature related to Cement Concrete & Fill Material has also been compiled and is available in a booklet form. A documentary film, titled 'Coal ash as a Fill Material', has also been produced covering use of ash in construction activities of NOIDA-Gr.NOIDA Expressway, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, Sarita Vihar Flyover (in Delhi) etc. Persons interested to collect the above-mentioned printed material/film may contact Head, Ash Utilization Division at the address mentioned below.

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C HAPTER 3 R EVIEW OF L ITERATURE

Definitions of CSR:
Corporate social responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the community and society at large. -World Business Council for Sustainable Development Operating a business in a manner that meets or exceeds the ethical, legal, commercial and public expectations that society has of business. -Business for Social Responsibility A concept whereby companies decide voluntarily to contribute to a better society and a cleaner environment. A concept where by companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis. -European Commission CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. -Mallen baker The notion of companies looking beyond profits to their role in society is generally termed as corporate social responsibility (CSR)it refers to a company linking itself with ethical values, transparency, and employee relations, compliance with legal requirements and overall respect for the communities in which they operate. It goes beyond the occasional community service action, however, CSR is a corporate philosophy that drives strategic decision-making, partner selection, hiring practices and ultimately brand development. -South China Morning Post, 2002 The social responsibility of business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical and discretionary expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time. -Archie B.Carroll, 1979 CSR is about businesses and other organizations going beyond the legal obligations to manage the impact they have on the environment and society. In particular, this could include how organizations interact with their employees, suppliers, customers and the communities in which they operate, as well as the extent they attempt to protect the environment. -The Institute of Directors, UK, 2002 30

The ex-UN secretaryGeneral, Kofi Annan, a strong advocate of CSR terms it the human face o corporations and calls it a license to operate a business in the short term, a necessary condition for sustainability and competitiveness in the long term. The IndianNGOs.com has a different interpretation of the same concept. According to them,CSR is a business process wherein the institutions and individuals within are sensitive and careful, about the direct and indirect effect of their work on internal and external communities, nature and the outside world. CSR requires a fundamental shift in corporate mindset, beginning with the organizational vision and mission and it does however require goal clarity, long-term commitment, transparency and accountability and a measurement index. With professionalism, corporate philanthropy has evolved into good corporate citizenship. It has shifted the focus from spending a portion of profits on good works for the community to adopting good business practices to co-exist with the community; it has shifted focus from charity to enabling business processes to produce overall positive impact on society. Several key issues are captured by Buchholz (1991) in his identification of five key elements in CSR definitions. First, the corporations have responsibilities that go beyond producing goods and services at a profit. Second, these responsibilities involve helping to solve important social problems, especially problems that corporations helped to create. Third, the constituency of the corporation is a group that is larger than stockholders alone. Fourth, the impact of corporations goes beyond market transactions. Finally, corporations serve a greater range of human needs and values rather focussing solely on economic values. Klonoski (1991) described the importance of a utilitarian approach to CSR whereby business should be concerned with doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people. It is in the best interest of business and organizations to be socially responsible due to the heightened awareness of the social impact of business on the society. The Companies behaviour towards CSR is such that inside and outside needs are covered. They contribute to tenable and acceptable growth and generally help to improve the overall situation of the society. CSR integrates the attitudes, practices and procedures into the company strategy at the highest level of management. It requests a change from the profit only level to the wider level three ps-people, planet, profit. The triple bottom line means that the company is focussed on economic growth and environmental and social aspects of its activities. The company is a part of society and hence the society has an influence, which has to be taken care of.

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Advantages of CSR:
Responsible behaviour is advantageous, brings a lot of benefits, especially non-financial, which are also very important for successful enterprise. Some of them to be listed are, Higher reputation of company, better company image Higher attraction for investors Strong position in market Distinguishable from competitors Increasing employees productivity and loyalty Attraction for quality and talented potential employees Direct financial saving through ecological behaviour Better relationships with local society and public institutions

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Introduction to Corporate Social Responsibility

Before we go on to our project on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) undertaken by National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), we would first like to introduce the concept of CSR. So that we have a clear understanding of what is CSR and its importance and need. This would facilitate in understanding the CSR of NTPC. All organisations have an impact on the society and the environment through their operations, products or services, and through their interactions with key stakeholder groups including employees, customers/clients, suppliers, investors and the local community. This is demonstrated in the diagram given below.

Now this is where the need for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) arises. Why? Because business has an impact on the society. So, what is meant by CSR? Why is it important for an organisation to undertake CSR? All this is explained as follows.

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Meaning of Corporate Social Responsibility

There is no single commonly accepted notion of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). CSR means many things but it usually centres on the concept of sustainable development. It has been described/defined in many ways: CSR is described as how business takes account of its economic, social and environmental impacts in the way it operates maximizing the benefits and minimizing the downsides. In other words, it is about taking responsibility for the impact of our business on all those who are affected by it. According to World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), CSR is the continuining commitment by the business to behave ethically and to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as local community and society at large Business for Social Responsibility suggests the idea of CSR relates to businessdecision making linked to ethical values, compliance with legal requirements and respect for people, communities and the environment, in a manner that meets or exceeds ethical, legal, commercial and public expectations, that society has of business.

Under these and most other definitions CSR is essentially about what organisations do, how they do it and the impact of their behaviour on the wider society. It focuses on a variety of issues ranging from actions in the workplace and marketplace to questions such as community investment, environment impact, business ethics and human rights. Thus CSR can be summed up as follows: A voluntary activity in excess of legal compliance Acting in an ethical values Creating positive working environment for employees Giving back to the local community and the society at large Minimising the adverse impact of the operations of the company on the environment

Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility

Every business needs to recognize the impact of its operations on the world. The way they do business dictates the footprint they leave behind. If they take the time to maximise the benefits and minimise the downsides then they can help to create a better world. Corporate social responsibility in business isnt just a do-gooders charter or latest example of regulatory overdrive. It is about creating sustainable businesses through the best possible relationships with their communities and stakeholders.

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The expectations of the traditional stakeholders shareholders, customers, and employees are increasing and so, too, is the list of groups wanting to know how an organisation is run. As a result, more and more companies are working harder not only to make a positive impact on society and the environment through their operations, products or services, but also to demonstrate it to these groups. A comprehensive set of policies, practices and programmes incorporated throughout a business can increase productivity, contribute to competitiveness, improve staff recruitment and retention rates and create a more positive corporate image. Unfortunately, many companies only use the responsible business approach as a risk management tool. This limits the benefits that could be achieved through focusing on opportunity rather than risk. Socially responsible business is not about restricting business growth; its about creating new opportunities, the better way of doing business.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): making good business sense

Within the world of business, the main responsibility for corporations has historically been to make money and increase shareholder value. In other words, Corporate Financial Responsibility has been the sole bottom line driving force. However in the last decade, a movement defining broader corporate responsibilities-for the environment, for local communities, for working conditions, for ethical practices has gathered momentum and taken hold. This new driving force is known as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). CSR is oftentimes described as the corporate triple bottom line- the totality of the corporations financial, social and environmental performance in conducting its business.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of companies has become a subject of much debate. Is it philanthropy and charity? Is it social and humanitarian work or protecting the environment? Is it undertaking public service tasks that normally government should be doing? Or is it all of these? While there is no universal definition of corporate social responsibility, it generally refers to transparent business practices that are based on ethical values, compliance with legal requirements, and respect for people, communities, and the environment. People constitute the companys stakeholders: its employees, customers, business partners, investors, suppliers and vendors, the government, and the community. In the business community, CSR is alternatively referred to as Corporate citizenship, which essentially means that a company should be a good neighbor within its host community.
In 1965 itself, the then prime minister of India, Lal Bahadur Shastri, presided over a national meeting that issued the following declaration on Social Responsibilities of Business:

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 Business has responsibility to itself, to its customers, workers, shareholders and the community, every enterprise, no matter how large or small, must, if it is to enjoy confidence and respect, seek actively to discharge its responsibilities in all directions and to one or two groups, such as shareholders and workers at the expense of community and consumer. Business must be just and humane as well as efficient and dynamic. It is no longer enough for the businesses to simply employ people, make a profit and pay taxes. Companies are now expected to act responsibly, be accountable and benefit society as a whole. The social responsibility of any organization centers on support towards health, education, infrastructure development, self-employment generation etc. Thus, beyond making profits, companies are responsible for the totality of their impact on people and the planet. Today, more and more companies are realizing that in order to stay productive, competitive, and relevant in a rapidly changing business world, they have to become socially responsible. Today, CSR in India has gone beyond merely charity and donations, and is approached in a more organized fashion. It has become an integral part of the corporate strategy. Companies have CSR teams that devise specific policies, strategies and goals for their CSR programs and set aside budgets to support them. CSR Programs could range from overall development of a community to supporting specific causes like education, environment, healthcare etc. The leading areas that many corporations were getting involved in were livelihood promotion, education, health, environment, and women's empowerment. Many CSR initiatives are executed by corporates in partnership with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) who are well versed in working with the local communities and are experts in tackling specific social problems and getting benefited.

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Corporate Social Responsibility Community Development Policy

NTPCs integrated approach towards Corporate Social Responsibility

For achieving its vision - To be one of the worlds largest and best power utilities, powering Indias growth, NTPC mission statement on CSR states - Be a socially responsible corporate entity with thrust on environment protection, ash utilization, community development, and energy conservation. NTPCs approach towards CSR has also been articulated in the corporate objectives on sustainable power development as stated below: To contribute to sustainable power development by discharging corporate social responsibilities. To lead the sector in the areas of resettlement and rehabilitation and environment protection including effective ash-utilization, peripheral development and energy conservation practices.

NTPC is a member of Global Compact, a UN initiative launched by its Secretary General Mr Kofi Annan and is committed to adhere to its ten principles in the areas of Human Rights, Labour, Environment and Anti-corruption. NTPC is also a member of Corporate Roundtable on Development of Strategies for Environment (CoRE) initiated by TERI and confirmed its support for the principles outlined in the CoRE Sustainability Charter drawn from International Chamber of Commerces Business Charter for Sustainable Development. NTPC has also adopted the Social Code framed by India Partnership Forum promoted by Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) and UNDP.

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NTPC thus follows the global practice of addressing the CSR issue in an integrated multistakeholder approach covering the environment and social aspects. The environmental concerns include Environment Impact Assessment, Environment Management Plans, Ash Utilisation, Energy Efficiency, Afforestation, Decentralised Distributed Generation and supply of power, Rain water harvesting, Energy Conservation and adoption of international standards like ISO-14000. These are administered through specific policy frameworks and dedicated institutional set up like Environment Engineering Group (EEG), Environmental Management Group (EMG), Ash Utilization Department (AUD), CENPEEP, SPV-A, Non-conventional Energy Sources Group etc. Similarly the social concerns include Resettlement & Rehabilitation, Community Development, Safety, Adoption of International Standards like OHSAS-18000, Social Security for Old Age, Health, Education, Gender Equality, National Calamity, and special focus on the marginalized section of society during recruitment etc. These are administered through specific policy framework and dedicated institutional set up like R&R cell, Safety Department and respective sections of HR Department.

NTPCs approach towards Community Development

Most of NTPC stations are located in remote rural areas which are socio-economically backward and deficient in the basic civic amenities. NTPC, as responsible corporate citizen has been addressing the issue of community development in the neighbourhood area of its stations, which had been impacted due to establishment of the project. This is administered primarily as part of resettlement and rehabilitation effort. NTPC has now expanded it horizon and social vision to make its impact felt at national level by addressing the following niche domains of socio-economic issues at national level through establishing NTPC Foundation. To promote DDGS through covering the initial risks like cost of feasibility studies for the entrepreneur/ local communities To facilitate economic self- reliance of physically challenged persons, through establishing a development centre for physically challenged persons as national resource and development centre To organise conservation of the national monuments and cultural heritage sites on selective basis To provide relief and assistance during national calamities etc To facilitate unemployed people in and around the new projects/ old stations in selfemployment through co-operatives / self-help groups Any other program/ activity as deemed appropriate by the Foundation.

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NTPC also recognizes that generation of power is key to development, particularly in the remote and far-flung places where the power is either not available or is in acute shortage. The decentralized distributed generation and supply (DDGS) of power could be a plausible solution though it involves initial risk while formulating the project proposal. NTPC has the wherewithal of providing requisite technical support, formulating the project proposal and establishing the feasibility of DDGS on the specific request of an entrepreneur. Yet additional resources will be required to provide risk cover during the formulation of project proposal and establishing feasibility NTPC recognizes that in the changing environment of liberalisation and globalization, the job opportunities are getting restricted. Thus, in future, the opportunities will depend on the entrepreneur skills and attitude of the individuals. This is more applicable to the section of disabled persons. Hence development of entrepreneurship among disabled persons is key issue for promoting economic self-reliance. Further, additional resources and support will be needed to fructify the entrepreneurship of this marginalized section of society. NTPC also recognizes the need for conserving national monuments and cultural heritage sites and providing relief in case of national calamities. The programme of facilitating the unemployed people in and around the new projects / old operating stations, in self-employment through co-operatives / self-help groups may be considered under the national programme. The programme may include provisions for the enabling mechanism such as backward linkage like tying up the input resources and forward linkage like marketing etc. Similar programme may also be included in unit level community development programme. NTPC proposes to fill this gap through its community development policy at national level by addressing the issue of promoting economic self reliance among the physically challenged persons, covering initial risk at the feasibility study stage for the decentralized distributed generation of power, supporting conservation of national monuments and cultural heritage sites, providing relief during national calamities and any other program as deemed appropriate by the Foundation.

Community development at unit level / operating stations

NTPC also recognizes that it has social responsibility to continue the community and peripheral development works in the neighbourhood area of its operating stations, where the same has been closed under R&R policy. This will include any other program based on the need and requirement as deemed appropriate by the new project/ operating stations.

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The approach of NTPC towards CSR-CD both at national and unit level may be oriented towards commitment and full involvement on planning and implementation. Where other agencies / organizations are involved, approach may focus on collaboration and partnership rather than just funding the programme. It should be ensured that the efforts of government were not duplicated and sustainability was maintained. The approach would be towards filling the gaps in the existing governmental programmes and the local needs. The annual plan of action would be formulated after appropriate consultation with the local government officials of the State.

CSR in NTPC
NTPC has been a committed and socially responsible corporate citizen since its inception and formulated specific guidelines for the welfare of Project Affected persons (PAPs). And also taken up community development in the neighbourhood villages around its power stations as early as 1980s. It is one of the first in the corporate sector to formulate comprehensive resettlement and rehabilitation policy for addressing the issue of PAPs. The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility is deeply ingrained in NTPCs culture. NTPCs mission in the area of CSR is to Be a socially responsible corporate entity with thrust on environment protection, ash utilization, community development, and energy conservation. NTPCs approach towards CSR, further articulated in the corporate objectives on sustainable power development, is as follows: To contribute to sustainable power development by discharging corporate social responsibilities. Lead the sector in the areas of resettlement and rehabilitation and environment protection including effective ash-utilization, peripheral development and energy conservation practices. NTPCs fresh impetus on Community Development is reflected through formulation of CSR-CD Policy, July 04, establishing NTPC foundation as a trust and initiating scheme for economic self reliance of physically challenged persons (PCP). NTPC is committed to the environment, generating power at minimal environmental cost and preserving the ecology in the vicinity of the plants. NTPC has undertaken massive afforestation in the vicinity of its plants. Plantations have increased forest area and reduced barren land. The massive afforestation by NTPC in and around its Ramagundam Power station (2600 MW) have contributed reducing the 40

temperature in the areas by about 3c. NTPC has also taken proactive steps for ash utilisation. In 1991, it set up Ash Utilisation Division to manage efficient use of the ash produced at its coal stations. This quality of ash produced is ideal for use in cement, concrete, cellular concrete, building material. As a responsible corporate citizen, NTPC is making constant efforts to improve the socioeconomic status of the people affected by its projects.

CSR in Ramagundam Super Thermal PowerStation

After the foundation for this power plant was laid in the year 1978,NTPC has undertaken various rehabilitation and community development works, which yielded better results in improving education, health, and drinking water facilities, civic amenities that raised the standard of life in the area. The activities undertaken by NTPC Ltd., Ramagundam for the development of nearby areas in various fields are as follows: Education Health Livelihood Livestock Management Camps Vocational Training to unemployed women for women empowerment Inclusive education Green initiatives Village Quality Circles Afforestation Infrastructure development Energy Efficiency Awareness Programmes

CSR CD Programmes at National Level

NTPC will establish a foundation under Indian Trust Act 1882 for addressing the niche domains of social development at national level through strategic interventions. The NTPC Foundation will provide greater focus on identified issues of concern, create partnership with various stakeholders, receive funds from national and international agencies etc. The Foundation will be the nodal agency for implementing the national level programmes as per the CSR-CD policy of NTPC. The following niche domains of socio-economic development will be covered by the NTPC foundation. To promote DDGS through covering the initial risks like cost of feasibility studies for the entrepreneur/ local communities

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To facilitate economic self- reliance of physically challenged persons, through establishing a development centre for physically challenged persons as national resource and development centre To organise conservation of the national monuments and cultural heritage sites on selective basis To provide relief and assistance during national calamities etc To facilitate unemployed people in and around the new projects/ old stations in selfemployment through co-operatives / self-help groups Any other program/ activity related to social upliftment as deemed appropriate by he Foundation.

Aims and objectives of NTPC Foundation

To facilitate the entrepreneurs/ communities in formulating the project proposals and establishing the feasibility for promoting the decentralized distributed generation and supply of power (DDGS) for meeting the power and development requirement of remote and far flung places. The foundation will consider the risk mitigation by bearing the cost of such feasibility studies where the project is found unviable. The foundation will also extend the NTPCs technical expertise in the field and provide the interface with NTPC REC joint venture for collaboration and establishing DDGS as per the need and requirement. The foundation will promote the plantation and forestry programmes for producing biomass required for DDGS programme. To facilitate the disabled persons in improving the economic and employment opportunities. For this, the foundation will establish an a development centre for physically challenged persons as national resource and development centre for enhancing the economic opportunities through strategic interventions such as 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Extending cover for initial risks like conducting the feasibility studies, market research etc., in case the project is found un-viable. Facilitating micro-financing and/or venture/seed capital for project of economic self reliance and mentoring. Providing requisite support from initial phase of identification of livelihood opportunity till achieving the level of self sustenance. Conducting advocacy and awareness programs for identification of appropriate economic and employment opportunities Identifying and administering the need based vocational/ managerial training programs with clear linkage to livelihood opportunity. Giving preference to small and medium projects covering a group of persons

To organise conservation of national monuments and cultural heritage sites on selective basis.

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To provide appropriate assistance and send volunteers and resources for relief and restoration in the times of national calamities. To facilitate the unemployed people in and around the new projects / old operating stations, in self-employment through co-operatives / self-help groups. The programme may include provisions for the enabling mechanism such as backward linkage like tying up the input resources and forward linkage like marketing etc. To take up or support any other social upliftment programme (in addition to the programmes stated above) at national level as deemed appropriate. To develop and undertake advocacy, awareness campaigns and community outreach programmes in the above areas. To interact with policy makers, regulatory bodies and responding to issues initiated by them. To organize workshops/ conferences/ symposia on the above areas and the related areas. To interact collaborate and promote partnership with other related national and international agencies/ organization and seek funds/ grants for specific programmes/ projects.

Institutional set up NTPC Foundation:

The NTPC Foundation will be governed by The Board of Trustees, details of which are given below: CMD Dir (HR) Dir (Fin) Independent Director Professional with required experience and/ or with right aptitude and full commitment on an honorary basis Chairman of Board of Trustee Trustee Trustee Trustee Secretary to the Trust Or Director General

Staffing for day to day operations:

The professionals may be engaged on fixed term contract basis as program officers based on the need and requirement or volunteers from present and past NTPC employees may be deputed. 43

Development Centre for physically challenged persons:

The Development Centre for physically challenged persons will be a separate entity under the Foundation. The centre will be headed by a project director, who will report to the Board of the Trustees. The Development Centre will address the following four categories of disability. Visually challenged persons Deaf and dumb persons Physically challenged persons Mentally challenged persons with mild intensity

The Development Centre will be located in its own building where, it will develop and maintain basic infrastructure facilities for providing supports like counselling, documentation centre, placement services, vocational training, market research etc. The Development Centre will also consider establishing sub-centres at regional / local level.

Implementation Mechanism Planning & Co-ordination:

The NTPC Foundation will be responsible for the overall planning and coordination of CD programmes at national level. The Corporate CSR Group will coordinate with the NTPC Foundation for all related activities.

Monitoring and Evaluation:

The monitoring of CD programme will be done by Foundation, which will submit quarterly report to NTPC management for its information. The foundation will submit a quarterly progress report to the CSR group for apprising the management. The corporate CSR Group will review the work of Foundation and put up an exception report for appraising the management on quarterly basis. The details will be presented to NTPC Management on regular basis. The effectiveness of CD programme will be evaluated through external agencies for providing required feed back and inputs to formulate and improve the programmes in future.

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Reporting:
The NTPC Foundation will prepare its annual report. The summary of the report will also be posted on the NTPC website under a dedicated section on CSR. The website will include the policy and the details of CD programmes undertaken etc.

CSR CD Policy: Allocation of Funds

An amount of up to Rs. 17 crores will be earmarked every year for implementation of CSR-CD programs as per this policy. The allocation of funds may vary depending on the need and requirement of NTPC operating stations, NTPC foundation and provision for the national calamity in the respective year and therefore, will be decided on year to year basis. The broad allocation will likely be as follows:

S.No. 1 2 3

Allocation Operating Station NTPC Foundation Unallocated (for foundation, stations, National calamities etc.) Total

%age of funds 50-60 30-40 10 100

Net Value (Rs. In Cr.) 8.50-10.20 5.10-6.80 1.7 17

Allocation of funds for the operating stations will be based on the proposals submitted by these stations and the overall allocation of funds.

Community Development
NTPC has been a committed and socially responsible corporate citizen since its inception and formulated specific guidelines for the welfare of Project Affected persons (PAPs) and community development in the neighborhood villages around its power stations as early as 1980s. It is one of the first in the corporate sector to formulate comprehensive resettlement and rehabilitation policy for addressing the issue of PAPs. The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility is deeply ingrained in NTPC.s culture. NTPC's mission in the area of CSR is to "Be a socially responsible corporate entity with thrust on environment protection, ash utilization, community development, and energy conservation".

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NTPC's approach towards CSR, further articulated in the corporate objectives on sustainable power development, is as follows:: "To contribute to sustainable power development by discharging corporate social responsibilities. lead the sector in the areas of resettlement and rehabilitation and environment protection including effective ash-utilization, peripheral development and energy conservation practices."

NTPC's fresh impetus on Community Development is reflected through formulation of CSR-CD Policy, July 04, establishing NTPC foundation as a trust and initiating scheme for economic self reliance of physically challenged persons (PCP).

Resettlement and Rehabilitation The Social Commitment

NTPC believes in growth with a human face, and pursuing people-centred development. NTPC is a socially committed organisation and a socially responsible corporate citizen. It attaches great importance to discharging its overall social responsibilities to the community and the society at large where its projects and stations are located. In this regard Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) program becomes an area of sharp focus, a program that addresses people affected directly or indirectly in the wake of the projects undertaken by NTPC.

The Pioneer
Sensitive to the social issues since its inception, the organisation framed guidelines for the facilities to be given to the land oustees in 1980 Building on the earlier guidelines, a comprehensive R&R policy was formulated and approved for implementation in May 1993. Based on its experiences and good practices adopted at various projects since the implementation of the 1993 policy, as also taking into consideration the GO's recently notified NPRR-2003, NTPC R&R policy has been revised in June 2005. The policy has been arrived at after intense consultation with the stakeholders. The organisation was the first Public Sector Undertaking (PSU), and in that way the pioneer, in having such a policy in 1993. International funding agencies, as also the Government of India, recognise and acknowledge the experiences gained by NTPC in this significant task.

The Comprehensive Policy Framework

The R&R policy aims at improving the overall economic status of Project Affected Persons (PAPs). This is achieved by providing opportunities in the fields of sustainable income, health, education, sanitation, communication and other such areas. Community development activities are carried out in a transparent and participative manner. Each program is based on the specific local requirement and guided by the extensive Socio Economic Surveys (SES). This helps meet the objective of ensuring that the Project 46

Affected Persons (PAPs) improve or at least regain their previous standard of living. Efforts are made to adopt a holistic approach to community development. Thrust is also given on participation and consultation of stakeholders and setting up of institutional mechanisms like Public Information Centre (PIC), Village Development Advisory Committee (VDAC) etc. The PAPs are systematically categorised on an individual basis, thereby bringing into its fold homestead oustees, agricultural land owners, agricultural and non agricultural labourers, tribals, occupiers cultivating forest land etc. The Resettlement and Rehabilitation program is meticulously worked out for each PAP. The R&R policy options and entitlements include :

Resettlement
Developed alternate free house plot in resettlement colony with necessary infrastructure facilities or provisions for self resettlement. Free transport arrangement for belongings and reusable material or suitable transport grant. Infrastructure to be provided includes primary school, dispensary, panchayat ghar, drinking water well/ hand pumps, WBM roads, drainage, Sulabh Sauchalaya etc. Suitable Resettlement Grant etc.

Rehabilitation
'Land for land' on a 'willing buyer willing seller' basis Other rehabilitation options based on need and requirement Capacity Addition Programmes Suitable Rehabilitation Grants, Subsistance Allowance etc. Other innovative measures like incentivising purchase of land by the landless etc. Additional Economic Opportunities as per need and requirement

The rehabilitation plans rest on the sound foundation of Socio economic surveys (SES). Independent and reputed professional institutes conduct these surveys. Surveys help assess the information on each PAP and chalk out the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP). RAPs are prepared for new expansion and green field projects The plans are finalised in a consultative manner with the PAPs and the State administration and soon they translate into viable projects. The plans primarily aim at resettling PAPs in resettlement colonies, providing them infrastructure facilities and also ways and means of rehabilitation.

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The rehabilitation process is attuned to the local conditions and the needs of the people. Facilitation for Land for Land on a 'willing buyer willing seller basis' is the main focus for rehabilitation. The PAPs are encouraged to be partners in the implementation of the project. With an eye on longterm development, vocational training has been built into the rehabilitation process. The plans are implemented within a definite time frame and a specified budget. There is sharp focus on all round socio economic development of the community, which is why the efforts do not stop at the individual or family level redressal but take a holistic approach. Improving the roads, health care, education, vocational training, infrastructure development and sports are major activities. Apart from that various welfare and cultural activities are also taken up.

Raps Under Implementation

RAPs have been finalised for thirteen projects and are in various stages of implementation viz. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Kayamkulam Talcher Kaniha Vindhyachal Ash Dyke Korba Ash Dyke Rihand Ash Dyke Faridabad Simhadri Unchahar-II Sipat Anta-II Auraiya-II Kol Dam Barh

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Remedial Action Plan

Some Projects/Stations of NTPC were already fully or substantially developed by the time the 1993R&R Policy was adopted/implemented in 1993. In those projects/stations also, the PAPs' Resettlement & Rehabilitation was taken care of and the inputs/facilities etc. were provided for. However, to cope with its total commitment to the well being of PAPs, the Company did a re-assessment of the activities in the older projects/stations and carried out a 'retrofit' R&R operation to bridge the gaps wherever they had occurred. Retrofit SES for such 12 projects viz. Singrauli, Rihand-I, Vindhyachal-I, Korba, Kawas, Gandhar, Farakka, Kahalgaon, Ramagundam, Anta-I, Auraiya-I and NCPS Dadri have been carried out and Remedial Actions Plans (ReAPs) prepared. These ReAPs were time bound with a specified budget. All the 12 ReAPs have been completed and are closed as on date.

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C HAPTER 4 D ATA A NALYSIS & I NTERPRETATIONS

TABLE-1 ADULT EDUCATION:

1. What was the Educational Qualification before undergoing the programme? a). SSC b). Upper Primary c). Primary d). Illiterate

S.NO 1 2 3 4

ATTRIBUTES SSC Upper Primary Primary Illiterate TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 08 06 05 11 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 26.6% 20% 16.6% 36.6% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

SSC 26.6

UpperP imary

P rimary 36.6

Illiterate

20

16.6

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 26.6% of the respondents have studied upto SSC, and 20%, 16.6% of the respondents have studied upto Upper Primary and Primary education. But the survey exhibits the majority for Illiterates, and it is high when compared to the present time and that is upto 36.6%.

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TABLE 2

2. What is the Educational qualification after undergoing the programme? a). No schooling but can sign my name b). No schooling but can read and write a letter c). Can read newspapers and understand d). Cannot read or write

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES No schooling but can sign my name No schooling but can read and write a letter Can read newspapers and understand

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 11 05 06

% OF RESPONDENTS 36.67% 16.67% 20.00%

Cannot read or write TOTAL

08 30

26.67% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

E duc ationalQualific ation

NoS c hoolingbutc ans ign R eadNews P apers &Unders tand 36.67 16.67 20 26.67 C anR ead&W rite C annotread&write

P erc entage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 36.67% of the respondents are able to sign their name, and 16.67% of the respondents can Read & Write, 20% of the respondents can read news papers and understand. But the survey exhibits the majority for Illiterates, and the respondents are in 26.67%.

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TABLE 3

3. How much useful of the programme in daily life? a). Very good b). Good c). Average d). Very Bad

S.NO 1 2 3 4

ATTRIBUTES Very Good Good Average Very Bad TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 12 10 08 0 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 40.00% 33.34% 26.67% 0% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

Us efulinDailyL ife
40 V eryG ood 26.67 G ood Av erage 0 P ercentage V eryB ad

33.34

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 40% of the respondents have spelled that the programme is helpful in their daily life is very good, and 33.34% of the respondents have spelled that as good, and 26.67% of the respondents are said as average. And mostly there is 0% for the point very bad.

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TABLE-4 MEASUREMENT OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT VARIABLE ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL LITERACY:

4. What is the primary activity of the respondent? a). Self employment b). Involved in farm activity (or similar one) c). Not working

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES Self Employment Involved in farm activity Not Working TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 12 12 06 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 40.00% 40.00% 20.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

S elfE mployment

Inv olv edinF armActiv iy

NotW orking

40

40 20

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is explaining that 40% respondents are with self employment and 40% of the respondents having involvement and involved in Farm Activity and remaining 20% of the people are having no work, and not working.

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TABLE-5

5. What is the Current status of the respondent? a). Self employment b). Involved in farm activity (or similar one) c). Not working

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES Self Employment Involved in farm activity Not Working TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 12 12 06 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 40.00% 40.00% 20.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

S elfE mployment N t W ki 40 40

Inv olv edinF armA ctiv ity

20

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is explaining that current status of the peoples, in that 40% respondents are with self employment and 40% of the respondents having involvement and involved in Farm Activity and remaining 20% of the people are having no work, and not working.

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TABLE-6

6. Any Income earned through either of the activities? a). Yes b) No

S.NO 1 2

ATTRIBUTES YES NO TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 22 08 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 73.34% 26.67% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

Y es 73.34

No

26.67

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 73.34% of respondents gave positive opinion about getting income through the activities and 26.67% of respondents gave the negative opinion.

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TABLE-7

7. Are there any independent savings under your control? a). Yes b) No

S.NO 1 2

ATTRIBUTES YES NO TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 18 12 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 60.00% 40.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

60 40 Y es No

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 60% of respondents gave positive opinion about independent savings under their control and 40% of the respondents gave the negative opinion.

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TABLE 8

8. Do you have your own personal savings account in any bank? a). Yes b) No

S.NO 1 2

ATTRIBUTES YES NO TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 20 10 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 66.67% 33.34% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

66.67

Y es

No

33.34

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 60.67% of respondents gave positive opinion about having own personal savings account in the bank and 33.34% of the respondents gave the negative opinion.

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TABLE 9

9. Are you aware of how the bank transactions take place in the Bank? a). Yes b) No

S.NO 1 2

ATTRIBUTES YES NO TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 10 20 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 33.34% 66.67% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

66.67 Y es 33.34 No

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 33.34% of respondents gave positive opinion about awareness about bank transactions in the bank and 66.67% of the respondents gave the negative opinion.

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TABLE 10

10. Do you have the knowledge of using the ATM Card? a). Yes
S.NO 1 2 TOTAL

b) No
ATTRIBUTES YES NO NO. OF RESPONDENTS 12 18 30 % OF RESPONDENTS 40.00% 60.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

60 40

Y es No

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 40% of respondents gave positive opinion about having the knowledge of using the ATM card and 60% of the respondents gave the negative opinion.

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TABLE 11

11. Is there any improvement in the Income level? a). Yes b) No

S.NO 1 2

ATTRIBUTES YES NO TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 18 12 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 60.00% 40.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

60 40

Y es No

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 60% of respondents gave positive opinion about improvement in their Income Level and 40% of the respondents gave the negative opinion.

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TABLE 12 SOCIAL EMPOWERMENT

12. The level of your self esteem and confidence is a). Increased b). Decreased c). Same as before

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES Increased Decreased Same as before TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 12 00 18 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 40.00% 0% 60.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

Increased

D ecreased

S ameasbefore 60

40

0 P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 40% of respondents are increased their self esteem and confidence level, 60% of the respondents are saying that their confidence level is same as before and decreased percentage is nil.

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TABLE 13

13. How is your mobility within and outside the villages? a). Increased b). Decreased c). Same as before

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES Increased Decreased Same as before TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 18 00 12 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 60.00% 00% 40.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

Increased 60

D ecreased

S ameasbefore

40

0 P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that, respondents are saying their interaction with different people and their mobility levels within and outside villages, almost everyone are of the same opinion that thy are poor in those areas and hence to be improved.

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TABLE 14

14. During the Meetings and Workshops programmes, do you speak and clarify your doubts? a). Talks freely b). Hesitates to talk and hence does not talk c). Talks only if asked

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES Talks Freely Hesitates to talk & hence does not talk Talks only if asked TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 12 08 10 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 40.00% 26.67% 33.34% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

T alksF reely

Hesitatetotalk&hencedoesnottalk

T alksonlyifasked

40 33.34 26.67

P ercentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 40% of respondents are talks freely, 26.67% of the respondents are hesitate to talk and hence does not talk and 33.34% of the respondents are talks only if asked.

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TABLE 15

15. What is the status of your Social Network? a). Increased b). Decreased c). Same as before

S.NO 1 2 3

ATTRIBUTES Increased Decreased Same as before TOTAL

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 18 06 06 30

% OF RESPONDENTS 60.00% 20.00% 20.00% 100

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION:

Increased

Decreased

Sameasbefore

60 40

0 Percentage

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 60% of respondents are increased their Social Network, 40% of the respondents are saying that their Social Network is same as before and decreased percentage is nil.

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QUESTIONNAIRE The purpose of the questionnaire is to study the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies of NTPC, Ramagundam and to survey the Women Empowerment Programmes undertaken by NTPC. This project is purely an academic work done by me (SURESH BADAVATH) to SRM P.G. COLLEGE, KARIMNAGAR.

A Survey on Women empowerment programmes conducted by NTPC, Ramagundam Name: Age: Village: Occupation:

Adult Education: 1. What was the Educational Qualification before undergoing the programme? a). SSC b). Upper Primary c). Primary d). Illiterate

2. What is the Educational qualification after undergoing the programme? a). No schooling but can sign my name b). No schooling but can read and write a letter c). Can read newspapers and understand d). Cannot read or write 3. How much useful of the programme in daily life? a). Very good b). Good c). Average d). Very Bad

Measurement of Women Empowerment Variable Economic and Financial Literacy: 4. What is the primary activity of the respondent? a). Self employment b). Involved in farm activity (or similar one) c). Not working

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5. What is the Current status of the respondent? a). Self employment b). Involved in farm activity (or similar one) c). Not working 6. Any Income earned through either of the activities? a). Yes a). Yes a). Yes a). Yes a). Yes a). Yes b) No b) No b) No b) No b) No b) No 7. Are there any independent savings under your control? 8. Do you have your own personal savings account in any bank? 9. Are you aware of how the bank transactions take place in the Bank? 10. Do you have the knowledge of using the ATM Card? 11. Is there any improvement in the Income level?

Social Empowerment 12. The level of your self esteem and confidence is a). Increased a). Increased doubts? a). Talks freely b). Hesitates to talk and hence does not talk c). Talks only if asked 15. What is the status of your Social Network? a). Increased b). Decreased c). Same as before b). Decreased b). Decreased c). Same as before c). Same as before 13. How is your mobility within and outside the villages? 14. During the Meetings and Workshops programmes, do you speak and clarify your

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C HAPTER 5
C ONCLUSIONS & S UGGESTIONS

CONCLUSION
The research has revealed that social responsibility is regarded as an important issue within the NTPC organisation. NTPC has been showing a positive commitment towards corporate social responsibility and demonstrating a socially responsible behaviour by being engaged in a variety of socially responsible actions and doing this irrespective of any benefits that such action might bring to the organisation. Our analysis and findings about NTPC reveal that the organisation has been engaged in a variety of socially responsible activities - internal as well as external to the organisation. The internal activities include NTPCs commitment towards improving the quality of life of its workforce and their families. While the external activities include protecting and improving the ecology, commitment towards improving the quality of life of the local community as well as the society at large, through activities like community development, resettlement and rehabilitation, etc. Thus, we conclude that NTPC consider CSR to be an important and imperative activity - ethically, legally, socially and commercially. An activity that enables the organisation to give something back to the community.

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SUGGESTIONS
Periodical review about the programme should be implemented at least twice in a month. For the adult education programmes, NTPC have to constantly inspire people first and make them understand the importance of education in their life. Some practical sessions of what they have taught should be implemented in the class so that they gain lot of confidence to proceed further. The HR people should develop a formal policy on CSR, which would make each and every employee of the organization aware of the CSR activities. The company should take initiative of programmes like Employee Volunteering, which would involve employees and encourage them to raise funds and donate some of their time to local communities.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Book Name

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Human Resource Development Human Resource Management Human Resource Management & Human Relation Corporate Social Responsibility in India Corporate Social Responsibility and Globalisation Introduction to Corporate Social Responsibility

Author
- L.M. Prasad Dr.C.B.Guptha. V.P.Michel - Sanjay Agarwal - Jacqueline Cramer - Guler Aras & David Crowther.

International Dimensions of Corporate Social Responsibility - David Crowther

and Renu Jatana, 2005

Websites:
www.google.com www.csrdigest.com www.wikipedia.com www.ntpc.co.in www.ntpc.com

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