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Mathematics 114

This document provides a 13-week summary of the content covered in a Mathematics 114 course. It outlines the key topics studied each week, including coordinate geometry, trigonometry, sets, logic, functions, limits, derivatives, integrals, exponential and logarithmic functions, and optimization techniques. The summary is intended to provide a concise overview of the entire semester's material for self-study purposes or as a refresher of the course content.

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Tsehetso Mampa
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74 views

Mathematics 114

This document provides a 13-week summary of the content covered in a Mathematics 114 course. It outlines the key topics studied each week, including coordinate geometry, trigonometry, sets, logic, functions, limits, derivatives, integrals, exponential and logarithmic functions, and optimization techniques. The summary is intended to provide a concise overview of the entire semester's material for self-study purposes or as a refresher of the course content.

Uploaded by

Tsehetso Mampa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Summary

Summary Mathematics 114 summaries

Aesthetic digital concise summaries of all the theory and some examples you need to know for
mathematics 114. The whole semester's content for mathematics 114 is summarised. Self-study:
Revision of coordinate geometry & straight lines These are topics that you should be familiar with from
school. Some students forget some of this material by the time they start their first year, and therefore
need to revise them. These topics are all required for Calculus topics later on. Week 1: Numbers,
inequalities, absolute values, trigonometry and radian measure We spend some time revising numbers,
how to solve basic inequalities and trigonometry. We introduce radian measure, the absolute value
function and solve some absolute value inequalities. Week 2: Sets and logic Everything in mathematics
builds on sets and logic. This week is spent introducing the concept of a set and understanding basic
mathematical logic. Week 3 Functions & inverse functions Most students will have seen functions at high
school, but for Calculus you will need an improved understanding of functions. We will discuss properties
of functions that you may not have come across, relate them to sets and statements, and later revisit
them from the point of view of Calculus. We introduce the concept of the inverse of a function and what
it means to be injective (one-to-one). Week 4: Limits & continuity The concept of a limit is one of the
most important concepts in the course and underlies other important concepts, including continuity,
derivatives and definite integrals. The second topic is for this week is that of continuity which gives a
formal definition of the intuitive idea that a graph has no breaks in it. Week 5: Derivatives & Induction I
We introduce the derivative. It is one of the most important concept sin this course, and most of the
course revolves around it. First we define it and develop some properties, then we learn how to
differentiate most elementary functions, and then we show how it can be applied. We prove the product
rule and the quotient rule. We introduce induction and look at basic examples. Induction is a proof
technique for proving a statement holds for all natural numbers. Week 6: Induction II & the Binomial
Theorem We continue to look at it induction this week and use it to prove the Binomial Theorem. We
also look at how the binomial theorem can be used to solve certain problems. Week 7: Derivatives II:
Trigonometric Derivatives and the Chain rule Here we develop the techniques that allow us to
differentiate most elementary functions. Week 8: Implicit Differentiation, Rates of Change The first
section gives you some idea of how Calculus may be used in practice. We also begin develop the theory
that allow us to use Calculus to find minimum and maximum values. This discussion continues into the
next week. Week 9: , Max & Min values, the Mean Value Theorem, How derivatives affect the shape of a
graph Towards the end of the week we begin studying how derivatives affect the shape of a graph, the
start of learning how to sketch and read a graph. Week 10: Infinite limits, Vertical & horizontal
asymptotes and Graph sketching The reason for learning how to sketch graphs of functions is to
consolidate the understanding of the relation between a function and its derivative and to be able to
read a graph. As exercises you will need to sketch the graphs of some functions to see this principle in
action. Week 11: Exponential & logarithmic functions & Related Rates We show how to make sense of
arbitrary exponential functions and define logarithmic functions as their inverses. We discuss an
application of derivatives. Week 12: Anti-derivatives, the definite integrals & the Fundamental Theorem
of Calculus If you want to know if you understand something, see if you can do it in reverse. But that’s
not the only reason for introducing anti-derivatives. They will also provide a connection to integration.
Definite integrals are a way of calculating areas. The Fundamental Theorem provides a connection
between differentiation and integration and is the most important result in Calculus, since it allows the
efficient calculation of integrals. Week 13: Substitution Rule, Optimisation, Newton's Method This week
we study a technique of integration called the substitution rule which is based on the chain rule of
differentiation. In addition we study optimisation which as mentioned before is probably the main
application of differentiation and is how it is most often applied in practice. Our final topic for this week
is Newton’s method which is a method (based on differentiation) for approximating the solution to
equations. * Please note that if the display example seems smaller than A4, the downloaded version will
not be like this - it will be full-sized.

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