GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
Term Definition
ABAP Advanced Business Application Programming - a programming language
used for developing SAP applications
Business Process A series of connected activities that a business performs to achieve a
specific goal
Client An independent environment where a particular set of data is stored
and processed within an SAP system
Customizing The process of adapting the SAP system to meet specific business
requirements
Data Dictionary A repository of metadata that defines the structure and semantics of
data in the SAP system
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning - a software solution that helps manage
business processes and resources
Fiori A user experience platform that provides a set of applications that run
on any device
HANA High-Performance Analytic Appliance - a database management system
used by SAP to process large volumes of data in real-time
Infotype A group of related data fields that store information about a specific
topic, such as employee information or organizational structure
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
Integration The process of combining different systems, processes, and data into a
unified system
LSMW Legacy System Migration Workbench - a tool used to transfer data from
legacy systems to SAP
Master Data Data that remains relatively stable and is used to support the operation
of the organization
Module A functional area of the SAP system that corresponds to a specific
business process
NetWeaver A technology platform that provides the foundation for all SAP
applications and enables integration with third-party systems
OData Open Data Protocol - a web protocol used for exchanging data
Organizational Unit A group of related employees, positions, or departments that share
common attributes in the SAP system
Process Chain A sequence of tasks that are executed in a specific order to accomplish
a particular goal
Query A predefined set of data that can be extracted from the SAP system
RFC Remote Function Call - a protocol used by SAP to exchange data with
other systems
SAPGUI SAP Graphical User Interface - a software component that provides a
user interface to access SAP applications
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
T-Code A transaction code that allows users to navigate to a specific screen or
transaction in the SAP system
User Exit A programming mechanism used to enhance the functionality of SAP
applications
Variant A saved set of input parameters for a particular report or transaction in
the SAP system
Workflow A series of tasks that are performed in a specific order to complete a
business process in the SAP system
XI/PI Exchange Infrastructure/Process Integration - a middleware component
used to integrate SAP systems with other applications and systems
ABAP Workbench A development environment used to create, modify, and maintain ABAP
programs
Authorization A set of rules that determines which users have access to specific
transactions, reports, or functions in the SAP system
BAPI Business Application Programming Interface - a set of interfaces that
provide access to SAP functions and data
CDS Views Core Data Services Views - a feature of SAP HANA that allows
developers to define and consume data models
Delivery Document A document that confirms the delivery of goods or services to a
customer
EHP Enhancement Package - a set of new features and functionality that can
be installed in an SAP system
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
Fiori Launchpad A web-based interface that provides access to SAP Fiori apps
A component of the SAP system that enables communication between
Gateway
SAP and non-SAP systems
Human Capital Management - a module of the SAP system used to
HCM
manage employee data
International Demonstration and Education System - a preconfigured
IDES
SAP system used for training and testing purposes
Java Connector - a component that allows Java applications to
JCO
communicate with SAP systems
The process of transferring data from one system to another during a
Data migration
software implementation
Dialog program A program used to create user interfaces for SAP applications
Extract, Transform, The process of extracting data from multiple sources, transforming it to
Load (ETL) fit the target system, and loading it into the new system
A collection of web applications designed to simplify common SAP
Fiori
business functions
A software component that enables communication between SAP
Gateway
systems and non-SAP systems
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
InfoCube A data storage unit in the SAP Business Warehouse system
Key performance Quantifiable measures used to evaluate the success or progress of a
indicators (KPIs) business process
A system that is outdated or no longer in use, but may still contain
Legacy system
valuable data
Data that remains unchanged over time and is used as a reference for
Master data
transactional data
Non-Production
A system that is used for testing, training, and development purposes
Environment
Object-oriented
A programming technique that organizes software into objects with
programming
defined properties and methods
(OOP)
Production
The live, operational system used for day-to-day business transactions
Environment
Quality assurance The process of ensuring that software meets quality standards and
(QA) requirements before deployment
Remote Function A protocol used to enable communication between different SAP
Call (RFC) systems
SAP Business A data warehousing and reporting system used to store and analyze
Warehouse (BW) large amounts of data
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management
SAP HANA
system used to store and process large amounts of data in real-time
An intelligent ERP system that provides real-time business insights and
SAP S/4HANA
integrates with SAP and non-SAP systems
Service-oriented A software design pattern that structures software as a set of services
architecture (SOA) that can be accessed and reused by other software systems
User acceptance A testing phase where end-users test the system to ensure that it meets
testing (UAT) their business requirements
An integrated development environment (IDE) used to develop and
Workbench
modify SAP applications
A set of data that remains static and unchanging, such as customers,
Master Data
vendors, and materials.
A set of data that is constantly changing, such as sales orders, purchase
Transaction Data
orders, and invoices.
An in-memory, column-oriented, relational database management
SAP HANA
system developed and marketed by SAP SE.
An intelligent, integrated ERP system that runs on the SAP HANA
SAP S/4HANA in-memory database, providing real-time insights and agility to
businesses.
A collection of apps that represents the new user experience (UX) for
SAP Fiori
SAP software.
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
An integrated technology platform for SAP software, providing the
SAP NetWeaver
technical foundation for many SAP applications.
An enterprise data warehousing solution that runs on SAP HANA,
SAP BW/4HANA
providing real-time insights and analytics to businesses.
Material Management module in SAP that manages procurement
SAP MM
activities, inventory management, and invoice verification.
Sales and Distribution module in SAP that manages sales activities,
SAP SD
pricing, and billing.
Financial Accounting module in SAP that manages financial transactions,
SAP FI
general ledger, and accounts payable and receivable.
Controlling module in SAP that manages cost accounting and
SAP CO
profitability analysis.
Production Planning module in SAP that manages manufacturing
SAP PP activities, including production scheduling, capacity planning, and
material requirements planning.
Quality Management module in SAP that manages quality control and
SAP QM
quality assurance activities.
Plant Maintenance module in SAP that manages equipment
SAP PM
maintenance, preventive maintenance, and work orders.
Project System module in SAP that manages project planning,
SAP PS
budgeting, and execution.
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
Human Resources module in SAP that manages personnel
SAP HR
administration, payroll, and time management.
Customer Relationship Management module in SAP that manages
SAP CRM
customer interactions, marketing, and sales.
Supply Chain Management module in SAP that manages supply chain
SAP SCM
planning, execution, and collaboration.
Supplier Relationship Management module in SAP that manages
SAP SRM
supplier relationships, procurement, and sourcing.
Extended Warehouse Management module in SAP that manages
SAP EWM warehouse activities, including inventory management, order
fulfillment, and shipping.
Master Data Governance module in SAP that manages master data
SAP MDG
creation, maintenance, and governance.
Governance, Risk, and Compliance module in SAP that manages
SAP GRC
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
A central platform for managing SAP systems and applications
SAP Solution
throughout their lifecycle, providing support for project management,
Manager
testing, and documentation.
A business management software designed for small and medium-sized
SAP Business One enterprises, providing features for financial management, inventory
tracking, and customer relationship management.
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GLOSSARY OF
REFERENCE
MATERIALS BASIC SAP TERMS
A cloud-based procurement platform that streamlines the procurement
SAP Ariba process, providing features for supplier management, contract
management, and sourcing.
A cloud-based human capital management system that manages
SAP SuccessFactors
employee data, payroll, and performance management.
A cloud-based travel and expense management solution that simplifies
SAP Concur
expense reporting and approval processes.
An e-commerce platform that provides features for online sales,
SAP Hybris
marketing, and customer service.
A data visualization software that provides interactive dashboards and
SAP Lumira
reports for data analysis.
SAP
A suite of business intelligence and
BusinessObjects
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