DATA VISUALIZATION

ABSTRACT

Data visualization involves presenting data in Use this enormous amount of data.
graphical or pictorial form which makes the
information Data visualization is concerned with the design,
development, and application of computer
Easy to understand. It helps to explain facts and generated graphical representation of the data.
determine courses of action. It will benefit any It provides data representation of data
field of originating from different sources.

Study that requires innovative ways of This enables decision makers to see analytics in
presenting large, complex information. The visual from and makes it easy for them to make
advent of computer sense of the data. It helps them discover
patterns comprehend information, and from an
Graphics has shaped modern visualization. This
opinion.
paper presents a brief introduction to data
visualization. Data Visualization is also regared as
information visulization or scientific visulization.
Keywords- Data visualization, Information
Human beings have always employed
Visualization, Scientific Visualization, Big data.
visualization to make messages or information
I. INTRODUCTION lost in time. What cannot be touched, smelled
or tasted can be represented visually.
There has the need for displaying massive Data
II.VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUES
In a way this is easily accessible and
understandable. Organizations generate data Visualization is the use of computer-supported,
every day. As a result, the amount of data visual representation of data. Unlike static data
available on the Web has increased visualization, interactive data visualization
dramatically. It is difficult for users to visualize, allows users to specify the format used in
explore, and displaying data. Common visualization
techniques are as shown in Figure 1 and include
[2]:

Line graph: This shows the relationship

between items. It can be used to compare
changes over a period of time
.

Bar chart: This is used to compare quantities of A visualization system should perform a data
different categories. reduction, transform and project the original
dataset on a screen. It should visualize results in
Scatter plot: This is a two-dimensional plot
the form of charts and graphs and present
showing variation of two items.
results in user friendly way.
Pie chart: This is used to compare the parts of a
III.APPLICATIONS
whole.
Most visualization designs are to aid decision
Thus, the format of graphs and charts can take
making and serve as tools that augment
the form of bar chart, pie chart, line graph, etc.
cognition.
It is important to understand which chart or
graph to use for your data. In designing and building a data visualization
prototype, one must be guided by how the
Data visualization uses computer graphics to
visualization will be applied.
show patterns, trends, and relationship among
elements of the data. Data visualization is more than just
representing numbers; it involves selecting and
It can generate pie charts, bar charts, scatter
rethinking the numbers on which the
plots, and other types of data graphs with
visualization is based [3].
simple color is used to represent data, we must
choose effective colors to differentiate between Visualization of data is an important branch of
data elements. In data visualization, data is computer science and has wide range of
abstracted and summarized. application areas.
Spatial variables such as position, size, and Several application-specific tools have been
shape represent key elements in the data. developed to analyze individual datasets in
many fields of medicine and science.

Public Health: The ability to analyze and present

data in an understandable manner is critical to
the Public Health: The ability to analyze and
present data in an understandable manner is
critical to the work [4].
Security is important in cloud-based medical It gives them the skill to present information in
data visualizations. Open any medical or health a creative, compelling way [8].
magazine today, and you will see all kinds of
Visualization of library data highlights
graphical representations.
purchasing decisions, future library needs and
Renewal Energy: Calculation of energy goals. Librarians, as de facto experts of data
consumption compared to production is visualization, can assist students, faculty and
important for optimum solution. researchers visualize their data [9].

Environmental Science: As environmental Several information visualization algorithms and

managers are required to make decisions based associated software have been developed.
on highly complex data, they require These software enable users to interpret data
visualization. more rapidly than ever before.

These include Many Eyes from IBM, Smart

Money for stock market, Insights from
Facebook Corporation, Visual Analytics from
SAS, and Thoth from California Institute of
Technology, Tableau, and TOPCAT [10, 11].

They make data visualizations easy to interpret

and rapid to produce. Each tool has its own
good features and limitations.

Visualization of a large-scale multidimensional

data sets can be combined with new
approaches of interacting with a computer
Visualization applications within applied
using the Web application(as a service).
environmental research are beginning to
emerge [6]. It is desirable to have at one’s
disposal different programs for displaying
results.

Fraud Detection: Data visualization is important

in the early stages of fraud investigation. Fraud
investigator may use data visualization as a
proactive detection approach, using it to see
patterns that suggest fraudulent activity [7]. IV-CHALLENGES

Library-Decision Making: Data visualization Large, time-varying datasets pose great

software allows librarians the flexibility to challenge for data visualization because of the
better manage and present information enormous data volume.
collected from different sources.
Real-time data visualization can enable users to
proactively respond to issues that arise.
 Animation generation approach is used for It has become a quick, easy means of conveying
interactive exploration process of time-varying concepts in a universal format. It must
data. communicate complex ideas with clarity,
accuracy, and efficiency.
It visualizes temporal events by mimicking the
composition of storytelling techniques [12]. These benefits have allowed data visualization
to be useful in many fields of study.
Users differ in their ability to use data
visualization and make decisions under tight
time constraints.
REFERENCE
It is hard to quantify the merit of a data
[1] J. L. V. Sancho, J. C. Dominguez, and B. E. M.
visualization technique. This is the reason for
having a multitude of visualization algorithms Ochoa, “An approach to the taxonomy of data
and associated software. visualization,” Revista Latina de Communicacion
Most of these software have not taken Social, vol. 69, 2014, pp. 486-507.
advantage of the multi-touch interactions and
direct manipulation capabilities of the new
devices. [2] “Data visualization techniques,” SAS,
http://www.sas.com/en_us/offers/sem/data-
Big data, structured and unstructured, visualizatitechniques-
introduces a unique set of challenges for
developing visualizations. This is due to the fact 2332568.html?
that we must take into account the speed, size, keyword=data+visualization+techniques&match
and diversity of the data. type=p&publisher=google&gclid=Coyc Technical
Communication, vol. 29, no. 3, 2015, pp. 344
A new set of issues related to performance,
operability, and degree of discrimination
challenge large data visualization and analysis
[13].

It is difficult and time-consuming to create a

large simulated data set. It is also difficult to
decide what visual might be the best to use.

V. CONCLUSION

Data visualization is the process of representing

data in a graphical or pictorial way in a clear and
effective manner.

It has emerged as a powerful and widely

applicable tool for analyzing and interpreting
large and complex data.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Matthew N.O. Sadiku, is a professor in the

Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering at Prairie View A&M University,
Texas.

He is the author of several books and papers.

He is a fellow of IEEE.

Adebowale Shadare, is a doctoral student at

Prairie View A&M University, Texas.

He is the author of several papers.

Sarhan M. Musa, is a professor in the

Department of Engineering Technology at
Prairie View A&M University, Texas.

He has been the director of Prairie View

Networking Academy, Texas, since 2004.

He is an LTD Spring and Boeing Welliver Fellow.

Cajetan M. Akujuobi, is the vice-president for

research and dean of graduate school at Prairie
View A&M University, Texas.

He is the author of two books and several

papers.