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Module Organic Compounds Introduction and Writing Structures of Hydrocarbons

This document provides an introduction to organic compounds, focusing on hydrocarbons. It defines organic compounds as those containing carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds, which may also include other elements like oxygen and nitrogen. Hydrocarbons are introduced as the simplest organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen. The three main types - alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes - are described based on the bonding between carbons. Finally, different methods for representing the structures of organic compounds are outlined, including Lewis structures, condensed formulas, and line drawings. The goal is for students to differentiate organic from inorganic, name hydrocarbons, and represent hydrocarbon formulas using various structural models.

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hernys Nieto
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57 views2 pages

Module Organic Compounds Introduction and Writing Structures of Hydrocarbons

This document provides an introduction to organic compounds, focusing on hydrocarbons. It defines organic compounds as those containing carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds, which may also include other elements like oxygen and nitrogen. Hydrocarbons are introduced as the simplest organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen. The three main types - alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes - are described based on the bonding between carbons. Finally, different methods for representing the structures of organic compounds are outlined, including Lewis structures, condensed formulas, and line drawings. The goal is for students to differentiate organic from inorganic, name hydrocarbons, and represent hydrocarbon formulas using various structural models.

Uploaded by

hernys Nieto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module Title :

Organic Compounds Introduction and Writing Structures of Hydrocarbons

Overview:
Most of the contents of body fluids being analyzed by Medical Laboratory Scientists or
Medical Technologists contain organic compounds like sugars and cholesterol. To study
these molecules, a student must have a basic idea first of basic organic compounds
starting with the simplest which are the hydrocarbons, and how to represent them.

Learning Content
1. Organic Compounds
2. Hydrocarbons
3. Representations

Module Outcome:
At the end of the module, the students should be able to:
1. Differentiate Organic from Inorganic Compounds
2. Name Hydrocarbons
3. Represent formula of Hydrocarbons using Lewis Structure or Displayed Formula,
Condensed, Semi or partially condensed, and line or skeletal formula

Discussion:

Organic Compounds

Before chemists can synthesize organic compounds, organic molecules were


referred to as those molecules that come from living things and inorganic compounds
came from non-living things.

After the advances in chemistry, organic compounds are now referred to as


those that have carbon-to-carbon or carbon-to-hydrogen bonds with other elements like
oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur that may be included. If it is only pure carbon like a
diamond that women love or that is used in cutting cement or tiles in Lorma Colleges or
when bonded to oxygen like carbon dioxide, then it is considered an inorganic
compound.

For chemists or chemistry majors like Medical Laboratory Scientists, the term
organic food is then a misnomer if we refer to natural food because plastic is an organic
compound. Urea which is considered not organic by agriculturists is an organic
compound that is not naturally produced when used as fertilizer.
Hydrocarbons

These are the simplest forms of organic compounds that have only carbon and
hydrogen. If the bonds between all the carbons in a molecule are sigma bonds then, it is
called alkane. If there is a pi bond or double bond, then it is called an alkene. If there is
a two pi bonds between two carbons, then it is an alkyne. Alkanes are found in gasoline
stations like Shell, SeaOil, Caltex, or Petron. Alkenes are the sources of polymers like
the chair we have in Lorma Colleges which are mostly made of plastics. Alkynes are
what are used in ripening our fruits faster and are locally called in Ilocano “carburo”.

Hydrocarbon Representations

Organic compounds can be represented in many ways. The simplest is through


its molecular formula. The representation that gives the most information on its structure
is the Lewis showing all the bonds and the shape. Another is through a condensed
formula that shows the carbon and the attached hydrogen atoms or other elements like
oxygen and nitrogen. There is also a semi or partially-condensed formula that includes
bonds between carbon atoms. But for advanced chemistry or more complex molecules
like carbohydrates, what is used is the skeletal or line formula. The ends of a line or
corners are considered carbon with their hydrogens that are attached to carbon atoms.
The other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur are written and the hydrogen
attached to them is also written.

E. Evaluation

1) Write the representations as structural Lewis, condensed, molecular or line


formulas of given compounds.

F. References
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chsPHGOepns
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFn-OjeWNAw
https://youtu.be/XEPdMvZqCHQ
https://youtu.be/8AwKNC1texM

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