Horace (68-8 BC)
Horace, Full name, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, (born December 65 BCE, Venusia—died
Nov. 27, 8 BCE, Rome), Latin lyric poet and satirist. The son of a former slave, he was
educated in Rome. He fought in Brutus’s army in the upheaval after Julius Caesar’s
murder but gained the favour of Octavian (later Augustus) and achieved virtually the
status of poet laureate. His early works include books of Satires and Epodes, but his
fame rests chiefly on his books of lyrical Odes and verse Epistles, including the
treatise Ars poetica, which sets down rules for the composition of poetry. The Odes
and Epistles, frequently on themes of love, friendship, and philosophy, significantly
influenced Western poetry from the Renaissance through the 19th century.
- Horace is the son of a freedman. His father was a slave at least of his life but
gained freedom before Horace’s birth and became an auctioneer’s assistant.
He also owned a small property but spent his fortune to send Horace to Rome
and was later in Athens studying philosophy. He fought in Brutus’s army in
the upheaval after Julius Caesar’s murder but gained the favour of Octavian
(later Augustus) and achieved virtually the status of poet laureate. Julius
Caesar was a Roman general and politician who named himself dictator of the
Roman Empire. He was assassinated Spearheaded by the senators Brutus and
cassius. After that Horace gained the favour of octavian and achieved virtually
the status of poet laureate. Poet laureate is a poet officially appointed by a
government or conferring institution, typically expected to compose poems for
special events and occasions. His early works include books of Satires and
Epodes, but his fame rests chiefly on his books of lyrical Odes and verse
Epistles, including the treatise Ars poetica, which sets down rules for the
composition of poetry. Odes are elaborately structured poems praising or
glorifying an event or individual, describing nature intellectually as well as
emotionally and verse epistles is A letter in verse, usually addressed to a
person close to the writer including the ars poetica, ars poetica is poem in
which he advises poets on the art of writing poetry and drama. which sets down
rules for the composition of poetry. The Odes and Epistles, frequently on
themes of love, friendship, and philosophy, significantly influenced Western
poetry from the Renaissance through the 19th century.
To Licinius
Martial (A.D. 43-104)
Martial , Latin Marcus Valerius Martialis, (born c. AD 38/41, Bilbilis, Hispania—died c.
103), Roman poet. Born in a Roman colony in what is now Spain, Martial went to
Rome as a young man. There he associated with such figures as Seneca, Lucan, and
Juvenal and enjoyed the patronage of the emperors Titus and Domitian. His early
poetry, some marred by gross adulation of Titus, was undistinguished. that is
remarkable both for its completeness and for its accurate portrayal of human foibles.
He is renowned for his 12 books of epigrams (86–102), a form he virtually created.
Pointed and often obscene, they provide a picture of Roman society during the early
empire
Martial (A.D. 43-104)
Martial , Latin Marcus Valerius Martialis, (born c. AD 38/41, Bilbilis, Hispania—died c.
103), Roman poet. Martial was born in a Roman colony in Spain along the Salo River.
Martial is best known for his epigrams, which became popular and influential in
European poetry over millennium after his death.
