Answer keys and transcripts
EW «,
Reading and Use of English Part 1
Training
Useful language: putting words in context
1 “Work is uncount not be preceded by ‘a. Jackie has
gota good job as
Ne and 50
2 “Court” must be followed by ‘on’. You cam expect George to be
willing
3 “Worry” would be followed by “about asking’. Don’ hesitate to ask
if you need:
4 You ‘explain’ something to" someone. The hotel receptionist will
Jorm/tell you how to get 10 the conference centre.
5 “Travel can’t be used with the definite article, The ran Journey
from Moscow t0
6 “Police” takes a plural verb, so it would have tobe: police officer is
‘questioning the person... The police are questioning
Useful language: identifying collocations
1 The correct collacations are
1 give permission / someones favour /a presentation / someone
‘sand [do someone a favour)
2 lay claim to the lame on/ the table /amexeuse [give/make
an excuse]
3 make amistake/ plans /a noise /yourest [do your best}
4 pay attention / sickest tribute to a compliment [pay for a
ticket}
S run amexereine /a business /a race /a campaign {do an
exercise}
6 shoot a film / past someone /an arow / weamera (use a camera
7 stand «possibility (a chance / rial or parliament [there isa
possibility]
8 take care / measurements / promise / the train make @
promise}
2 Tay the blame on 2stand ial 3 make a noise
4 givea presentation 5 took; measurements 6 run a campaign
‘Tpay tribute wo 8 shot past
31C 2D 3B 4A SB 6D 7C 8B
Thinking about meaning
1A 2C 3D 4A 5B 6C
Exam practice
1B People can be “in discussion’, but atopic i “under discussion?
date” of 'a source of argument
D Precisely’ collocates with “why” ina way that none ofthe other
adverbs does.
3A “Funetions’ and ‘purposes’ are often used together when
‘deseribing a particular phenomenon in scienoe or society
4B “Maintain’collocates with “health” and other adjectives suc
as ‘warm’ of “tidiness" withthe meaning of preserving in that
‘onion.
196 | Test1 Key
‘5 C “Fall collocates with words like ‘efficiency’, ‘power” or “impact”
to give the idea of “total” or “complete
6 D The other words do not fit the meaning here ~ you “acquire
formation’ through reading or talking to other people. you
"achieve" or “reach a goal of Some sort, and you ‘complete’ a task
of some kind.
7 € Only “based is Followed by “on
8 A “Moments is too short and ‘era too long a period of time to
fithere, while “episodes is used about usually negative events ina
sevies, eg. “episodes of madnessfainting/violene
Reading and Use of English Part 2
Training
Useful language: using prepesitions
11 A numberof customers complained about the alter-sales service
2 All the work will be dane by volunteers.
3 Delegates experienced a number of problems related io the
broadband connection atthe conference centre
4 Alexandra was able to make good use of her knowledge of
Foreign languages.
Many people took part in the ann
ersary festivities
[ must congratulate you on your excellent work
[hope my eter willbe taken ino consideration.
“The inspector drew management’ attention to some problems in
the workshop.
9 There is an urgent need for fresh water supplies in the region,
10 Have you seen the new advertisement for Lotus shampoo?
5 ahoutlin
Moff 12by
2 Lon 2down
Sup 9upvin
Sup out
10 against
Gon Tofflaway
Useful language: using connectors
1 L whereas 2provided 3whatever 4 unless
5 although until Twhenever 8 because
2 Linaccordance with inorder to 3.as long as despite the
fact that /even though 530s otto Gincase 7asit
Bassoon as 9 even though / despite the fact that 10 No sooner
Useful language: using pronouns
Liwhich 2that 3What 4whose $I
Exam practice
9 Although: If you read tothe end ofthe sentence, it becomes clear
that a conjunction is needed forthe sentence to hang together. It
also becomes clear that a conjunction that gives an idea of entrast
is what is required
Gwhich Twhose 81
Just as you are able to do something, so you have an ability to
do something
11 so: The conjunction °so that’ introduces the purpose for doing
something.
12. on: ‘Depend’ is followed by “on, eventhough there may often be
a here, a phrase in parenthesis between the two words.
13 ess: You have to think carefully about the mesning ofthis sentence
inorder to rule out other words that might fil this gap, sueh as, for
‘example, ‘more’, "no" or ‘some’14 a
“AS a last reso isa fixed expression,
15_ or: Ifyou see the wont ‘either’, you can expect ito be followed at
some point by ‘or
16 fact: ‘Fact’ is used ina numberof connecting expressions, eg
‘despite the fact that. “inspite ofthe fet that... regardless of
the fact that
Reading and Use of English Part 3
Training
Useful language: identifying parts of speech
11 adjective: following ‘mos’ and preceding the noun *eompanies
unusual, well-Enown, etc)
2 now
fer the anicle and preceding the conjunction (headlines)
3 verb: past participle needed to follow “has not’ and fit before “in
the news" (featured, appeared, been)
following ‘some and preceding “or another’ (reason)
yalifying “impressed” (extremely rather, et.)
2
noun verb [adjective [adverb
comparison [eompare comparative | comparatively
Ginpeomparable | injeomparab
injsabilty [destabilise |(onysable | un)stably
stabiliser stabilising
stabilised
eight eighten [high Tighly
power empower |powerful | powerfully
power powerless | powerlssly
empowered
empowering
observation observe observant [obsenvandly
observer observational
evelopment [develop developing [developmentally
developer on-under-
over)
developed
developmental
Toubr doubt doubul doubly
outer jundoubed | undoubtedly
doubtless | doubsless,
doling
Useful language: understanding suffixes
Suggested answers (alternatives are possible)
1 -dom freedom, wisdom, stardom, boredom, kingdom, dukedom
sce attendee, appointe, detainee, trainee, employee,
en blacken, dampen, cheapen, sharpen
hood childhood, motherhood, adulthood, manhood, boyhood
less airless, heartless, nameless, thoughtless
ment achievement, commitment, retirement, replacement,
payment, atainment
-proof waterproof, fireproof, bulletproot, childproot
2 Lboyhood 2boredom 3 sharpen 4 appointes/appointment
Sthoughtless 6 bulleiproor Teommuters 8 commitment
Useful language: understanding prefixes
too much; overslept = slept 100 long.
again; rewrite = write again
3 under imated = didn't estimate highly
‘enough
4 ni
5 un-= not; unwrapped = took the wrapping (Paper) off the parcel
6 i= not (a form of “in, s are “il? and “im’): iesponsi
responsible
7 sub =o; sub-standard = not up fo standard, not good enough
8 dis = not; disallowed = not allowed, not considered acceptable
jot enough; undere
jovernment = against the government
against at
2 Suggested answers (alternatives are possible)
‘overexcited, over-eat, overworked
redo, rewrite, rest, re-examine
under-age, undereducated, underpaid
anti-war, anti-etablishment,anti-authority
unzip, untie, unravel
inelevant, ational, irregular
sub-zero, sub-normal,sub-human
8 disprove, discontinue, disbelieve
3 Lsub-zero 2dishelioved 3 underpaid 4 anti-establishment
indecisive 6 unhelpful
Exam practice
17 perilous: The context shows that an adjective is required before the
rouin “voyages
18 Unbelievable: Reading the whole sentence makes i clear that you
noed a word that suggests the information presented is hard. rather
‘than easy to believe
19 sky: You need to add the sufix-y to make the adjective from
“isk
20 Analysis: The verb ‘suggests’ shows that you need the singular
‘noun rather than the plural analyses"
21. arrival: The definite article shou that a noun is required here
22, settlement: The context makes it clear that you need a word that is
referring toa place rather than a person (which would be ‘setter),
23 plentiful: Remember to have only one ‘at the end of any
Adjective ending “ul (apart from the word “ull, of course)
24 bravery: This is the abstract noun From ‘brave’
Reading and Use of English Part 4
Training
Uzoful language: correcting some common mistakes
1 finding 210 get 3.works: gets 4buy San either
6 was the food 7 adiional French 8 could have been
2 The vertical line | shows where the answers split into nwo parts for
smarking purposes.
1 WHO holdv/has isin | management’managerial
‘Everyone’ needs a singular verb. You hold or have a
‘anagement/manageral positon ina company.
2 ONLY were the rooms | excellent but The verb is inverted
‘when vatious adverbial expressions lke "Not only" occur atthe
‘beginning ofa sentence.
Test 1 Key 1973 can EITHER drive (there) | or go “Can” conveys the idea oF
possibility’ and “either... oF" is used to present the two alternative
actions
4 SHOULD have played | better “Should have® can be used 19
‘express regret about something not happening as you expected or
hoped
5 \willshould have / wont/shouldn't have | no DIFFICULTY /
any DIFFICULTY (in) finishing ‘Have difficulty” is followed
by a gerund or by ‘in’ + a gerund.
6 servesfoffers/provides delicious MEALS |at Note that the
preposition associated with selling and “price” is ‘at’ although
{you can talk about buying something ‘fora good price’
7 (woulda) SUGGEST (that) you | (should) choose/buy/
get Nove that we never say “sugges yoto-de’
8 (vih/C') have the/a CHANCE / get the/a CHANCE | to
20 Both having the/a chance" and “having thefan opportunity’
© followed by the infinitive
Hove my sister despite not always seeing eve to eve with her:
‘The teacher umes a bling eye tothe children’s behaviour
Te must be hard for celebrities always tobe being inthe publ
eye, must’?
4 As soon as well cate the waiters eve, we'll pay the bill nd leave,
Sarah keptan eye on the children while they were playing in the
aden.
Exam practice
‘The vertical in | shows where the answer i pls ito two parts for
marking purposes.
25 keeping |an EYE on As was pointed out in the traning section,
“keep an eye on’ means ‘watch’ something or somone
26 to be HIGHER | than it “Tend! is followed by an infinitive and
“exceed” means “be higher / more than"
27 faras|Tcan TELL This is fixed expression used about what
{You have noticed or understood.
28 could put| my FEET up. “To put your feet up" isan idiom
‘meaning “to relax
29 CAME up with | the suggestion/dea of The phrasal verb ‘come:
up with is often used with "idea" or “suggestion”
30 take gloves in CASE | iis “Incase” is usualy followed by
verb inthe present simple tense.
Reading and Use of English Part 5
Training
1B 2C 3B
Using the title
Suggested ansivers
1 limiting the number of planes taking off and landing
2 an exhibition involving two diferent cultures or contrasting ways of
lite in some way
3 the thoughts of a financially successful young person
4 clothes that will make you feel good!
5 hhow to take good photos
{6 how the way food is placed on the plate affects enjoyment of a meal
198 | Test 4 Key
Working out meaning from context
11. “Tussle must mean something like ‘strugele", asthe context
suggests a surprising reaction towards something that is basi.
2 “Devoid of must mean “without” or “lacking as clearly a
language is more likely to be appreciated if does not have any
ieological or political associations
3 “Seeking” must mean something lke “looking for" or “hoping
to ind’, a that makes sense withthe idea of second-language
leamers and the answer that Esperanto may provide
4 “Lofty” must mean something like “high, as the context makes
it clear that its some kind of positive adjective reinforcing the
concept of teal
5 ‘Mitigate’ must mean something lke “reduce” or ‘minimise’, as
‘the context suggests that the creator af Esperanto would not have
‘wished his new language to present an exclusively Western point
of view
6 ‘Counter’ must mean something like “argue against, asthe
context makes it clear that supporters of Esperanto would react
‘negatively to ertcisms made agains it
7 “Proponents’ must means something like ‘supporters’ or
‘people who are in Favour of", as the context makes it clear that
proponents view Esperanto i a favourable light
'8 Topple... from its perch’ must mean ‘remove from its positon’
as that s what has happened to Latin, once also an imernational
Tanguage.
Useful language: paraphrasing
1 at fist initially
bbe aware ~ realise
‘connections ~ tes
‘consequence ~ result
fascinating ~ intresting
for certain — undeniable
hhave in common ~ share
inend ~ wish
key ~main
2 Suggested answers
1 Whats fascinating is that, more than a century ago, a Dr Ludwig
Zamenhof published a book abouts new language that he had
‘teatedMesigne.
Ici said to be simple f learn
3 tis appreciated as being without any ofthe ideological or
politcal associations that aecompany languages of erstwhile!
previa colonial powers,
4 The language never really succeed among people worldwide in
the way its reator hoped
‘5 What Esperanto das not hae in cltre it sompensates for in
ceicieney
6 Esperanto has create a history of is own, one shared by the
thousands who speak it and use it a a ingua ftancafslobal
languageExam practice
31 € The writer is making the point that communication is
increasingly global, but that although English is frequently used
a the meas of global communication, itis something that causes
‘many dificulis for learners, and he suggest it would be good if
there were a simpler way in which people could communicate wit
‘one another A: The writer emphasises the difiulis of eam
English, but does not comment on its effectiveness as a global
language. B: The writer says that schools teach about the growing
slobasation ofthe world, but dacs nt sugges that hey are
exaggerating the importance of ths. D: Although this spar of the
‘writers argument, isnot the main point being made.
32 D_The question asks about the main reason forthe appeal
of Esperanto, and the phrase ‘more significantly” is used to
introduce the importance ofthe language's freedom from politcal
associations. A and Br: These ae also reasons why Esperanto
appeals, bu neither is presented asthe main reason. C= This is tue,
buts nt presented as. reason for Esperano's appeal
33 A. The answer is provided by the lst two sentences ofthe third
paragraph, which point out that Esperanto ist similar to certain
European languages tobe as international as was orginally
intended. B: The writer does not comment on the extent to which
learners find English interesting. The pase “vested interests
means ‘a personal interest in something that you can gain an
advantage from’. C: Although speakers of Arabic of Chinese
are likely to find Esperanto harder than speakers of a Romance
Janguage would, this is not presented asa reason for Esperanto’s
lack of success. D: Although the first seatence of the third
paragraph suggests that Esperanto may not be that widely known,
there ino suggestion that that is because it ha received too litle
publicity
JMB The answer is given in the sentence beginning “In addition, as
[Esperanto itself ."-A:"The argument isnot that Esperanto isnot
‘an atfcial language, bu that all languages are in a sense artificial
CC: The vocabulary of Esperanto is undoubtedly expanding, but
this isnot a point that the writers making, D: The point the writer
‘makes relating to Esperanto and prestige s that Esperanto is
efficient but is without the prestige of, say English.
38 D_ Theanswor is given in the final somence ofthe last paragraph,
‘where the writer makes the point that Esperanto has initiated use
discussions onthe subject of language in the modern worl. A:
‘This point is made in passing. but its not the writer’ conclusion.
BB: The writer makes the point tha some people would agree with
this and others would disagree. C: This point may well be tue, but
itis not the writer's conclusion,
36 A. “Esperanto” i the only object that makes sense in the sentence.
C: Although a pronoun often refers to the most recently mentioned
‘noun, “perch” (= position) clearly does not make sense here
Reading and Use of English Part 6
Training
Approaching the task
11A CD
BC
sac
4a8
aco
2A Whether itis worth doing a degree depends on the subject and the
specific course in question
B Whatever the subject, university degree tends to lead 10
graduates having higher salaries and more prestigious jobs than
on-graduates.
(© What students find valuable about the university experience
depends on whether they are doing a vocational course oF not.
An increase in the number of degre places available has
unrealistically raised the earer expectations of many young
people
A
a
D
A
[This anitude has shifted in recent years
“Through the conclusion he or se draws in the final sentence of|
the paragraph.
3 The last two sentences in B.
4 The las two sentences in A.
Exam practice
37 C The phrase “leg
sculpture visually alteactive, Reviewer A uses the ph
to look at’ to convey that they find the piece beautiful
38 B_ The final question in B, which echoes the tte of the piece in a
‘manner similar to reviewer D, shows that reviewer B i interested
in why the installation was given its name.
ntl crafted” shows that reviewer C finds the
“Stunning
39 C_ Reviewer D says thatthe topic (global warming) “is regularly
beginning to feature [in art’. while reviewer C says that ‘More and
more artists are beginning to tackle [this topic).
A. Reviewers B, Cand D are all concemmed about the
‘contradiction that the piece is protest about climate change but
ituses so much electricity to keep iton shows. They suggest that
they fel there is something wrong about this. Reviewer A, nthe
‘other hand, points out that itis an expensive exercise but says itis
Sjstfabl in terms ofits powerful impact”
40
Reading and Use of English Part 7
Training
Useful language: working with reference clues
1 You may have underlined more than these phrases ~in a well:
constructed piece of writing, most of what is writen wil help ia
some way 10 develop the structure ofthe text
1 Before gap: some people realy, really like trees. The staf of
‘The Woodland Trust for example
Aer gap: How ca this possibly be?
2. Before gap: once global warming kicks in... more grateful
After gap: For example, The Woodland Trust goes on to ave
[Before gap: a more atractive environment for businesses and
their stall
After gap: Given such striking benetts
4 Before gap: W seems unlikely
Afier gap: All the same
TestiKey 1992.1 Relationship between tees and heath of city people
2 Economic henefits of tees in cities
3 More examples of tees’ benefits
4 Something 10 suggest report may be overstated
13 Suggested words and phrases to underline:
[A Before that happens, however, they; And there are other economic
advantages, too
1 Besides, some of the report's claims are abit shaky .. maybe
being kind to urban wife isn't as valued as it might be
Business covered: reducing blood pressure, raising self-esteem
controlling behavioural problems
1D “We need more native tees and woods in urban areas, insists the
Trust's report; even save lives, possibly
ip 7s) a0 a8
Exam practice
41 D_ The sentence after wap 41 makes it clear that the missing
paragraph must refer wo the “basi building blocks’ of apiece of
‘matter. D fits here, and this can be confirmed by checking whether
‘Similarly at the heginning of D relates back in a sensible way 10
the paragraph before gap 41. It does in that D develops the ides
ofthe structure of inorganic matter presented in the fist paragraph
ofthe ext, making the point that living matter is structured in this
way to.
42. F_ The paragraph before 42 is talking about the properties of
scientific matter while the paragraph after 42 is talking aboot
muse. The missing paragraph must make a link between these two
themes and thats what F does
43. Musici the theme both before and the gap and so must
presumably he the primary theme of the missing paragraph. The
reference tothe idea of pattems after the gap suggest that this idea
‘may be explained in that paragraph, and this is the ease in A.
44. G_ The reference to “the building block" immediately after gap
44 makes it clear that building blocks must be referred to inthe
‘missing paragraph. They are mentioned in B, D and E.as well as G.
but none ofthese other paragraphs fis the gap. Only G introduces
the idea of creating better materials, whieh is taken up in the
Paragraph following gap 44
Looking before and after the gap, it becomes clear thatthe
missing paragraph must he providing some more information about
the way in which the scientists created musical compositions. Tis
information is provided in E,
46 C_Irisclear from what follows the gap thatthe missing
paragraph must reler to some aspect of improving urban living
‘This is to be found in the phrase “1o reinvent transportation sYstems
for cities in C.
Reading and Use of English Part 8
Training
Reading the questions
1 Suggested answers
1 a character witha resemblance to real-life celebrity
4s
4 tory that is patally hased on the author's own childhood
2
3 book which has not heen adapted very successfully to another.
‘medium
4a stoy tha hasan uneapected ish at the end
a gripping book with an eccentric main character
200 | Test Key
6 detective story which holds the wader’ tension unite very.
lastpage
7 an over-complicated and not wotally convincing plot
8 a sory which is set in the past but has a mode fee 0 it
2 Suggested answers
1 looks like / be similar to / reminds the reader of / must surely have
been based on
2 autobiographical
3 film/cinema (though of course it could bea play. a musical or even
anopera)
4 unusual tun of events
5 “Thuiling’ ‘spelbinding” and “engrossing” are all synonyms of
‘eripping
6 probably throug a reference to some unusual actor abit of the
person
7 crime fietion
8 otho-very end
9 coo comples/convoluted
410 by saying that the story was not believable or realistic or true to life
1 by mentioning the aetwal period in whi
by referring to it as historical ition
12_ by suggesting that the characters behave ina contemporary or 21st-
century way
the story takes place, or
Scanning
1 Teoutlines the writer's three favourite seience-fiction thrillers.
2 Erica Wagner 2 Frankenstein 3 Jurassic Park (though we are
not given the date for £7) 4 Jodrell Bank Observatory
$ Juvassie Park. its film spin-olfs, ET, The Andromeda Strain
6 The Andromeda Strain 7 Contact” 8 No one's — it was fist
published anonymously. 9 1985 10 Richard Holmes
IL I818-ish~ the time when Mary Shelley was writing
122008
Exam practice
47 C “While was strugaing to focus the camera, he looked hard.
aL me and exclaimed “Andy!” To my amazement, it was my lose
friend Ed Viestours on his second ascent of the mountain.
48 D_ “Before our summit bid, our team agreed that returning
without injuries was our main objective. Some people ean be
blindly obsessed by Everest
49 B “My oxygen was running out, and common sense demanded
‘tha returm, but before long I was climbing on an exposed ridge 10
te fot ofthe Hillary Step.
50, D_ “After contacted base camp and they had congratulated
replied, “Thank you, but fis | have wo get back down safely”
51 A. “When {reached the South Summit, I was suffering from a
lack of Spanish olives. I was preoccupied with thoughts of atin of
them siting in my tent at base camp.
52. D_ “After my return to Kathmandu, felt ike a super-being
because I had toad onthe top ofthe worl. I stil had this feeling
‘hen T came back home but it soon faded away
1
53. C_ “He was also climbing without oxygen and was tring
S4 A “Ithas occasionally been claimed that people climb forthe
smell oft Aral very high altitude smells completly different,
55. “didnot ge the beautiful view as a reward and I fel feetingly
Aisappointed.156 A “Many people on the Indian subcontinent believe thatthe
ascent of Everest confers on the climber a greater wisdom in
‘manifold subjects. That is something I do not agree with but never
dispute
Writing Part 1.
Training
Understandi
11D 2F 3B 4A 5C 6E
2 Tam siting this eter to discuss abot the advantages and
sisadvantages of building a new theatre at the college. igatly/Eist,
Told like to draw your atention tothe fact that our college has.
hada drama department for the lst ten years and yt it till doesn't
have ils own theatre, This means that drama students must put on
their productions in theatre in the city, which is expensive and, of
course, not very convenient siter
3. Suggested answer (altematives are possible)
1 would recommend that you choose Brown's Hotel for your
holiday. We had a very enjoyable time there lst year. The rooms
were spacious and attractively fumnished, the food was delicious
and the staff were very helpful too. I's central so there are plenty of
ing cisiance
4 Suagested answers (altematives ave possible)
1 This is too Formal for a letter to friend (though someone might
‘srt it for ironic or humorous elfect
Would you like to come 10 the theatre with me next Saturday’?
2 Too informal ~ it would be inappropriate to use contractions oF to
‘omit subject pronouns in this kind of writing
would strongly recommend that yow implement she suggestions
in this proposal as 1 fel they would bring considerable benefits 10
the project
3 Part of registers thinking about your audience ~ this is an
imemational magazine, so you need to let the readers know from
the very start which city you ae writing about. The long and
‘ol very “ight sentence structure also makes it feel more like
spoken rather than written language. Similaely, the use of vague
{expressions such as “nota bad idea" and ‘pretty easy’ also sound
‘more typicl of spoken than seriten English. Such expressions
tre particularly unlikely to be used in a review where the writer is
teying to both interest and inform his or her readers.
[Nagold isa pinuvesque litle sown inthe heart of Germany; its
{flamess and compactness make i the perfect place 10 walk around
‘0 that - fortunately ~ its chaovic public transport causes fewer
problem than you might expect.
4 This feels like a mix of registers —T'd love to is informal,
whereas “adequate time” is rather formal, Mixing registers in the
‘exam will be penalised unless itis done for deliberate effect, for
‘example, ina review: The suggestion below is written ina rather
formal syle.
As requested, I have writen a brief report ofthe workshop.
However, if you would ike me to address any ofthe points raised
‘above in greater detail. then I should be happy to do so.
5 1 «Discussion ofthe advantages and disadvantages of receiving
‘to of these thee categories of present ~ luxuries, homemade
items, experiences
+ Selection of one ofthese asthe best 0 receive, with an
explanation as to why you fel itis best
2 Clear paragraphing: usually an impersonal, academic style rather
than # colloguial or personal style
3 Neutral or formal, ic. no use of contractions or very
‘conversational language
4 Probably four
‘The first will introduce the topic. The second will discuss one of
the points inthe notes. The third will diseuss another ofthe points
inthe notes. The fourth will explain which ofthe points discussed
is best.
This pattern willbe a straightforward one 10 Follow for any Patt |
essay.
'5- You will want the reader to havea clear understanding of your
Point of view and the reasons for
Exam practice
1 1 = Discussion of two ofthe following thre areas of life where
‘young people might be able to lear from an older generation —
‘work, relationships, money
+ Selection of one ofthese as the area where young people ean
‘shin most, with an explanation of your point of view
Anessay
Clear paragraphing; usually an impersonal, academic style rather
‘than a colloquial of personal style
4 Neutral or formal, no use of contractions or very
‘conversational language
5 Probably four
‘The first will introduce the topic. The second will discuss one of
the points inthe nots. The third will diseuss another ofthe points
inthe notes. The fourth will explain which ofthe points discussed
is best.
“This patern will bea straightforward one to follow for any Part L
essay.
{6 You will want the reader to havea clear understanding of your
point of view and the reasons for it
2 Possible answers
1 people who have already spent many years inthe workplace,
people who have already achieved great dealin thei career
2 offer useful guidance, provide helpful ips
3 deal with your own finances, budget successfully
4 making your own way inthe world, moving away from your
parents” home
3 Possible answers
1 Older people could give advice about, e.g. specific companies
it would be best to work for and whieh to avoid, seat kind of
teaining wil prove most useful, and might be able to recommend
people to contact
2 Older people could give advice on what is important in a
relationship, onthe importance of keeping up with friendships, on
how to look after children, et.
13 Older people coud give advice on saving money, on budgeting
sensibly. on living economically
4: This willbe a mater of personal choice, Choose the two points
‘whieh you think you wil he able to discuss well in English, even if
{you may find the third point more interest
Tost Key 2015 Model answer
This model has been prepared as an example ofa very good answer
However please note tha his is just one example out of several
possible approaches
Tr goes without saying that there are many ways in which young.
people can lear From the older generation. In both their work and
‘her private ives, youngsters can benefit from the experience of
their elders.
{As fur as work is concerned, the older generation can explain how
young people ean achieve the eaeer they dream of, For example,
they ean recommend what to focus on in order to aequire the skills
‘that will give them the best chanes of success. They may also be
able to give invaluable pointers as to which companies they would
advise either applying to r, conversely, not applying to. It may
{even e the case that the older person will be able to use their own
‘contacts to help the younger one to find a position.
‘Older people may also beable to use the benefit oftheir oven life
‘experience to help young people with relationship advice. Itean
happen that older people wish they had acted differently in their
‘own relationships and so they may wish to encourage youngsters
to avoid similar mistakes. If young people are prepared ( listen to
this kind of advice, it may well prove useful for them.
‘Of the two areas of lite discussed above, I think young people ean
learn most from the okder generation inthe field of work. After
All, no relationship i the same and so what might be eight in one
sitmation might notin another. Advice relating to careers is more
likely to be relevant to a variety of differing contexts.
Notes
+ First paragraph introduces the topic
+ Second paragraph deals with one ofthe poins
+ Thinl paragraph deals with a second poins
+ Final paragraph explains why one ofthe points is more valuable
+ Only tw of the dee points listed are discussed
‘+ Nariet in sorcnuyes and sentence length
4+ Neutra in register an informal style isnot appropriate for an
+ Good use of connecting phrases 8, It goes without saying’.
“As far as. concerned
+ Correct length (260 words)
+ No language errors
Writing Part 2
Training
Identifying types of writing
11AGD
20D
3B
4 ABCD
5 Cipossibly A)
6 B and sometimes C and D)
7D
scp
gop
A
202 | Test Key
2.2 Inconclusion, he eampaign can be considered as having been a
total success, Report
13 1've ben terribly busy this month, but a ast 've managed to find
enough time to sit down and write to you properly. Letten/Email
4 Casablanca has to be one ofthe most romantic films ever made.
Review
§5 recommend the frst of the two options outlined above fora
numberof different reasons, Repor/Proposal
6 Do you prefer listening to music on your own or inthe company
of other people? Review
7 Lam writing to congratulate you on the service which my wife
and I received in your restaurant lastnight. Letter
'8 Despite the few sight problems which the group experienced this
year, [have no hesitation in recommending the couse For other
Students in the farure. Report
9 The following recommendations are based on generally accepted
estimates sith regard tothe city’s probable future needs for
leisure facilities, Proposal
410 Acconting to the results of our survey. female students make
‘more use ofthe college's libraries than male students Jo, Report
Identifying what, why and who
11 Report
2 Proposal
3 Review
4 LeerfEms
Task?
+ arguments to persuade parents that Sam should take a year out to
travel before starting medical depree
* response to sugges that writer should join Sam and hither
friends on their travels
‘Task 3
+ types of vol
tary work students could do
+ how it would benefit volunteers
+ how it would benefit community
3 Task!
+ deserbing
+ explaining
+ suggesting
Task 2
+ suggesting
+ accepting or detining an invitation
Task 3
+ describing
+ explaining
+ persuading
4 Task His tobe writen fora student website, so it might be more
informal than something waitten fora printed arts magazine aimed at
‘broader readership.
“Task 2is to be writen toa friend, so your language willbe friendly
and relatively informal ~ though you still need tobe polit i you
‘want to refuse his or her invitation, As friends, you will ave plenty‘of shared knowledge about each other's lives. You may have met
‘Sam's parents, so your advice would be able to take account ofthat.
‘Task 3s to e written toa college principal, soit willbe neural or
Jorma i its syle
Useful language: expressing functions
I Lsuggesting 2 complaining 3 apologising 4"This is expressing
aditferent function, ie, comparing or contrasting
Srecommending 6 congratulating
2 Labout 2alterativefoption/choice 310; by regret take
Sifact 6 agree/accepvadmivfacknowledgelrealise 7 position/shoes,
(shoes is aless formal option) 8n; course 9 l/Under: takel
make HOWwhy LH put "1210
Exam practice
2 Letter
Model answer
This model has been prepared as an example of avery good answer
However please note that ths is just one example out of several
possible approaches.
Dear Students,
‘Are you looking fora work placement that will give you plenty of
valuable experience and will look good on your CV? If, then
‘ur company may have something o offer you
‘We are an international educational exchange organisation which
‘organises links between sehools all over the world. We currently
have three work-experience placements availabe Fr students
from your college. The work would involve a range of ofice asks,
including dealing with correspondence, aranging meetings and
‘keeping our database up-o-date. We are particularly interested
in offering these placements to students with some knowledge of
‘to oF more languages
The placements would be of great benefit tothe students who are
sven this opportunity. It would provide experience of working
ina small and dedicated team, which would give you the chance
to develop a wider range of ofice skills than would normally be
the case in larger organisation. Our international network means
‘that you would also gain some contacts all over the work, which
might be of particular value to any of you considering a eareer in
some aspect of education.
‘You will ind further information about our organisation and
the placements we offer on our website and we look fora to
hearing from any of you who think thatthe work might be right
for you ~and that you might be the right person for one ofthese
placements.
Best wishes to you al
Kato Fisher
Notes
+ Good use of a question atthe beginning to engage the reader's
+ Clear organisation and paragraphing
Pints inthe task are al directly addressed
+ Enough information provided about the work for stadems 10 know
whether i might be likey 10 be suitable for them
+ Variety in structures and sentence length
+ Noto formal or informal in register ~ 100 much formality would
‘be inappropriate for a Teter to a stent paper. but too informal
‘style would not be appropriate for someone writing from «
Serious company
+ Reader is addressed directly to make the letter feel more
personal and engaging
+ Corret length (243 words)
+ No anguage errors
Review
‘Model answer
This model has been prepared as an example of a very good answer
However please note that this is jus one example out of several
possible approaches.
‘London Tourist App
t's easy to get lost in a big city like London, So when I read about
the LondonApp just before I had to spend two weeks there, I did
not hesitate and immediately downloaded it to my tablet,
The app allows you to see where you are on a map of Grester
London. You can type in where you want t go and it will show
you how to get there, either on foot, by using public transport or
‘when driving. I offers alternative routes and suggests how long.
‘your journey wil take
leis clearly a very useful app for anyone like me who does not
Know the city and wants to find their way around. Although
London is a big ety, the centre is relatively compat, Using i
showed me how close I was to some of the places I wanted to g0
to. Asa result, I was able to walk to my destination and so see
ich more ofthe city. Had I not had the app. | would probably
have used the underground and so would have missed a great del
Although I found the app simple to use, Think the developers
‘could make it even more attractive to tourists. Imagine you're
walking past an interesting building and would love to know
what itis. How good it would be if you could just elick on that
building’s location on the app’s map and be taken straight to
information about it, Ie would certainly add extra value to an
ready excellent spp,
Notes
‘+ Statement of what is being reviewed at the beginning
+ Some basic information is given about the app but as is
“appropriate 1.1 review, the writer’ opinion has at feast as much
importance as any facts about the subject ofthe review
+ Clear organisation and paragraphing
+ Good opening sentence to engage the reader's interest
1+ Variety in seructures and sentence length
+ Not too formalin register ~ formality is nov necessary in a
websive review
+ Rounding-off ventence summarises the writer's opinion
+ Correct length (258 words)
+ No language errors
Test Key 2034 Report
Model answer
‘This model hos been prepared as an example ofa very good answer
However please note that ths is just one example out of several
possible approaches.
‘Skilden Town Centre
‘This i «report om Skilden town centre from the point of view of a
20-year-old student curently studying fora degre in sociology at
Skilden University
Entextainment
‘Silden own conte has to multiplex cinemas and one
theatre. These put ona range of mainstream and more
productions and are popular with students. The theatre is regularly
‘used for student productions. However, most people my age
are surprised by the fet that there is no large venue suitable for
{concerts of other musial performances. If we want to hear a well-
‘known singer or group, we have t travel SO miles to the Welfort
‘Stadium, Sklden does, however, have a numberof smaller venues
used by local performers. These are much frequented by students
and usually have a very good atmosphere
Restaurants|
Most students do not have the money to spae Fo eating in
restaurants. However, Sklden town centre has a number of
‘excellent restaurants, which we enjoy when our parents come 10
Visit us. There are also one or two less-expensive establishments
where we ean oceasionally teat ourselves o a meal. The
catering facilites which students enjoy are the cfee shops
“These are not cheap, but they are welcoming and comfortable.
‘Suggested! improvement
“My recommendation would be to use par of the parkland by the
river to build venue for large musical events This would greatly
aud fo what is otherwise a good town centre from the point of|
view of young people
Notes
+ Statement of what is being reported on a the beginning
+All he points in the task are addressed
+ Clear organisation and paragraphing
+ Rang of waar appropiate othe pic of describing
facilities in a town
+ Varieny in soructures and sentence length
+ Good use of headings
+ Appropriately neutral syle fora report ~ anything too informal
would not be suitable
+ Correct length (250 words)
+ No language errors
Listening Part 1.
Training
Understanding different aspects of the recording
1 1B 2B 3A 4C 5B
2 ‘There is something to suggest the distractors in each ease, but
listening carefully to the text should make it clear which isthe
correct option
204 | Test1 Key
Exam practice
1 BA: The topic ofthe lecture didn’t surprise the woman because she
implies that, unlike the man, she had read something about the period
beforehand. C: The students who are refered to are students from a
previous year rather than students attending the same lecture as the
speakers
2A Bs The man wishes he had prepared better, but the woman said
she was “OK on that score’ C: They both felt that the handouts were
‘ot as useful as they might have been in that they did not contain a
bibliography.
3A Be-The man’s lst turn makes it clear that thei aim was simply
to gather information rather than influence a decision. C: Advice is
referred o in tems of the advice they are now going to offer their
‘own management committe.
4 B_ A; The man expresses fecling that his own contribution could
have been better. C: Although he says that he was not initially sure
fof the value ofthe meeting, he felt satisfied that it had been useful
by the end,
5 C__A: The woman is pleased with how much she has achieved.
B: She says her family has been an equally important part of her life.
6 B_ A and C: These are both important but not the most important
thing forthe woman,
Listening Part 2
Training
Choosing the right answer
Suggested answers (alternatives are possible)
1 mother / brother / schoolteacher friend / neighbour / grandfather, ee
2 Possible words that could il th gap: father / grandmother / cousin /
parents — (older) cousin is the correct answer.
His father simply took him tothe place where his interest was
awakened. His grandmother had the house where his interest was
‘awakened. His parents were the people he had to persuade to let him
have lessons
2 satista
3-1 Raindrops ory
4-1 Other possible words that could fil the gap inthe frst question:
“Summer Time’; other possible words that could fill the wap in the
second question ‘excellent’, “wonderful”
2 “Summer Time is wrong because that is the piece his sister
played; excellent is wrong because tht is what his class teacher
Sti; and “wonderful” is wrong because that i what his parents
said,
Exam practice
7 hte her sister who plays the violin.
‘8 maths: She was tempted by the thought of doing a degree in music
‘but did not dso
9 (hank) cashier: She was considering becoming a teacher but had not
Finally decided.
10 Australia: The tours to Canada and France ae in the future
11 conductor: ‘The marketing manager is not the person she expresses
pride in,
12. the companionshi
has its downsides.
he mentions travel but makes it lear that this
13. Storm: The other film she names isto be made inthe future,
14 fulfilling: ‘Best be described as" gives the same ea as ‘sums up” in
the question prompt.Listening Part 3
Training
Understanding distraction
11
2 You might be tempted bythe other options because both her
children anda range of jobs are mentioned, but you need to
listen carefully tothe end of the recording to confim the correct
28
13 The topics ofthe other options are mentioned, but not in a way that
matches the wording inthe recording,
Exam practice
15. CA: She mentions that she had a fear ofthe sea but doesnot
express a desir to overcome it B: Her life was dull but she does
‘ot mention a specific problem she was facing. D: She had only
{ust met the woman in the café, so she could nat be called friend
16 B_ The ther options are all true, but they are not her main reason.
17 C_A:She started writing bofore she began to travel. B: She says
she was not the kind of person who liked to keep her thoughts
private, D: Although her verse said she wanted tobe like her dad,
we do not know whether he was a writer oF not
18 A. She implies that each ofthe other options isto some extent an
‘sue but it isnot the greatest challenge for her.
19 C_A: She does not say anything specifically about writing style
BB; She suggests that making readers either laugh or cry may be @
2004 thing fora writer todo but does not say that dhe main aim
is to make readers experience strong emotions. D: She suggests
that in fact it might not be better to think about your grandma
because she willbe interested just because the experiences you are
describing are yours
20 D_ A: She talks about experiencing life as an observer bt
although she almost certainly has developed her powers of
‘observation, she does not mention this. B: She refers this as 4
possibility bat des not say that she finds it particularly rewarding.
‘C: This might be the answer that you would expect but the speaker
‘does not mention it
Listening Part 4
Training
inding the perfect match
TASKONE F
TASKTWO D.
Exam practice
‘TASK ONE
21 € “Gottlking to sugpests a chance encounter
22 G Although the speaker mentions that he father i an accountant,
she goes on to make it lear that he advised ber against aking up
accountancy as a career.
23 D_ “Master isa synonym for “(male) teacher
24 B_ Heraunt is the relative who she says ‘got me into” (= inspired
hor interest in) the eareer.
25. E “That was i’ means “that was all that was necessary”
TASK TWO
26 F Constantly having to train new helpers’ a paraphrase of
“rapid tumover of staf
27 D__The speaker makes it clear that she was lucky to get her
Position given the number of applicants from this country and
clsewhere
28 C The speaker explains how he and hs family eventually
‘moved to place nearer tothe airport because ofthe pressures of
‘commuting
29 A. The date of the show is the deadline, and what the speaker says
‘about these makes it clear that it ean he difficult to meet them.
30H. Itis clearly not easy to havea straightforward working
relationship with someone who is bad-tempered,
Understanding how your spea
11C 2E 3D 4A 5B
2
‘Question ‘Question | Question | Question
1 3 4 5
Speaker A | 7 v
Speaker B v v
4 1 2 3 5
3 Suggested answers
1 What do you enjoy reading most?
The candidate could have given more information about a specific
‘writer or story they had read
2 What did you do lastnight?
‘The candidate could have spoken about what film they saw. who
they went with and what they felt about the film, for example.
3, How do you try to ep ft?
‘The candidate could have described the kind of exercise they take
and could have gone into more detail about their diet, saying how
they try to eat fruit a a snack rather than sweets
4 How do you think you'll use your English inthe future?
The candidate could have explained what their plans are for work
and study,
Speaking Part 2
Training
Useful language: hypothesising
1 they look as if they're waiting ... They may have been waiting for
‘quite while because .. so pethaps he's feeling a lite anxious. The
‘couple onthe right seem tobe work colleagues... they could be
slscussing... But they seem to be fesling quite relaxed ... She looks
si. no ane seems to he feeling particularly stressed ~ they're
probably all very used to waiting
2 Possible answers
1 think they might be talking about a situation at their workplace.
2. Lwonder if they could be discussing some kind of problem.
3 think the man might have a problem at work
4 Perhaps the woman has been giving the man some advice.
5 I don’t think tht they can be at home because they’ are hoth
dressed quite formally,
Test 1 Key 205{6 es mos likely that they're discussing something related to work,
7 Bur it could also be that they're talking about a relationship
problem.
'8 [think i's quite possible that they're good friends as well as
colleagues.
9 They look asi they get on well with each other
10 Vim
ine they must be office workers of some kind.
Useful language: comparing and contrasting
1-1 Inthe first piture. everyone looks as if they're enjoying
themselves. In contrast, inthe ther one, the people seem rather
miserable
2 The girs inthis picture are working hard, whereas the girls in the
other picture are simply having fun,
3 By and large, the people inthe second picture seem more
inerested in what they’te doing than the people inthe first,
picture
4 Allin ll 1 think the people inthe frst picture are feeling more
relaxed than those inthe second pictur
5 On the whole, the children inthis picture seem to be having &
ox time, but there is one litle boy who is clearly not enjoying
himself,
6 The people in this picture might be going on holiday. On the other
hand, they could simply be on their way t0 work
Speaking Part 3
Training
Useful language: negotiating
11 Lean’t help thinking that
2 Lentiely gree.
Lake your point, but
Isn't it more a mater of
Tes intresting you should say that because
‘What you say reminds me of
That's all very well, but
Wouldn't you say so?
Yes, but we shouldn't forget about
10 You wouldn't disagree with tha, would you?
4 expressing agreement
'b expressing partial or complete disagreement = 1,3. 4.7.9
tasking for someone's opinion = 8, 10
developing an idea someone has mentioned ~ 5, 6
Giving yourself time to think.
1 Well: et me think: that's quite a dificult one: How can I explain
shat I mean’
Well, I must admit I haven't really thought about it much before:
‘What's it called: Wait a moment I's on the tip of my tongue; you
know
Speaking Part 4
Training
Useful language: giving your opinion
I tln 2As 3From 4far Sway 6where
Tedfecily Bargue 9strong 10tend
206 | Tost 4 Key and Transcript
Test 1
Listening Part 1
Training
E22) Exercise 1
Man: I'm not sure Ike the look of this place. I's a bit dingy
‘Woman: Mm, | don't know. I's a bit quaint perhaps. Anyway, I'm
‘0 shattered, Id setle for anything. And you've been behind the
‘hee! all day, so I dread to think how you're feeling
‘Man: Mm. | am pretty exhausted. And atleast i's probably not
too late to grab a bite here before turing in 'm starving.
Woman: Well, 'm not sure | fancy anything at the moment
myself. Anyway, it certainly doesn't look to0 expensive, So, shall
06 if they've got any vacancies?
‘Man: Sure. And check about where to leave the car too, if they
have anywhere, I'l be sorting out the luggage while you find out
Transcript
Exam practice
AS)
a
ceciecnans eee crenatantolgoucin ovis
you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
React
Tc i cnet les Mi Ta
=e
‘Woman That wae sas Ieeetng etre. doryou tink
vce
Mar: Nota eto. alton the th ture we rl rm
Tae Sane gene non pemesreriee es
‘ran li cha arg aut Stors
‘es ga laa eo sess aa
focal ueacous ssn oon
bby looking at it from a fresh angle.
Mans, wid rend mor abou ut pero n
Not buon Kove goat mer oto had.
cial nat