Explicit Nonlinear Analysis

Step

00 Explicit Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Summary

Explicit Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis
 This analysis will examine the nonlinear behavior of a structure subjected to dynamic loading relative to time.
 This analysis can consider geometric nonlinearity causing large deformation and nonlinear contacts in which an enormous number
of contacts occur with material nonlinearity.
 Time intervals must be smaller than the critical time intervals, which are inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and
element lengths but are directly proportional to mass density. Therefore, the mass scaling option can be used when performing
analysis in order to reduce the analysis time and understand the general trend.

Implicit vs. Explicit

 Implicit and explicit analyses differ from each other mainly in the algorithms. Each uses to solve equations, and the following table
summarizes the characteristics of each algorithm:

Implicit Integration Algorithm Explicit Integration Algorithm

 In linear transient response analysis, a large number  Solutions are obtained without any convergence
of time steps can be used. issues.
 Nonlinear transient response analysis renders the  For a small scale model, a longer time is required for
disadvantage of having to use small time steps in analysis compared to an implicit method, but In a large
order to attain convergence. scale model, it is more advantageous.
 For a large scale model, limitations may exist in  Time intervals must be always smaller than the critical
memory usage and hard disk capacity. time intervals.

Beam 2
Step

00 Summary

Summary
 Explicit Analysis

- Units: N, m Impact
- Impact model.nfxa

 Loads and Boundary Conditions

- Fixed

- Initial nodal velocity

 Contact Conditions

- Manual contact

 Check Results

- Actual deformations

- Displacements

- Output set slider utilization

Impact 3
Step

00 Analysis Summary

Objectives of Tutorial
 Performing and understanding the functions of basic explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis using midas NFX
- Explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis is mainly used to verify designs against collisions and falling components.
- Examine the nonlinear behavior of a structure subjected to a dynamic load over a period of time.
- The major results such as node displacement, velocity, acceleration and element stress are found by the explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis
- In this tutorial, simulate a simple collision in the structure to examine and understand the structure’s behavior at each step.

Analysis Summary
 Target Model  Boundary Condition  Load Condition  Contact Condition (General Contact)
(Fixed) (Initial Nodal Velocity)

Apply initial nodal velocity

to the block.
20 m/sec

At the end of the plate,

Assign a fixed boundary
condition.

Impact 4
Step

01 File > Open

Procedure
1 Select “Impact model.nfx” and click

[Open].
2 Right-click the work window and

select [Hide All Guiders].

Verify that the file type of the model is

“nfx”

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Step

02 Static/Heat Analysis > Boundary > Constraint

Procedure
1 Name: Enter “Fix”.

2 Select 5 nodes. (Refer to Picture)

3 Click [Fixed].

4 Click [OK].

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Step

03 Static/Heat Analysis > Contact/Connect > Manual Contact Pair…

Procedure
1 Name: Enter “Manual Contact Pair”.

2 Select Surface to Surface Contact.

3 Select General.

4 Master: Select 3D Element Face and

select 96 objects. (Refer to Picture)

5 Slave: Select 2D Element and select

1
32 objects. (Refer to Picture)

6 Click [OK]. 2

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Step

04 Dynamic/Trans.Heat/CFD Analysis > Dynamic Load > Initial Nodal Velocity…

Procedure
1 Name: Enter “Initial Nodal Velocity”.

2 Select 125 nodes. (Refer to Picture)

3 Tz: Enter “-2000”.

4 Click [OK].

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Step

05 Analysis & Results > Analysis Case > General

Procedure
1 Title: Enter “Impact”.
2 Solution Type: Select [Nonlinear

Explicit Transient].
3 In Subcase Setting window, drag

[Initial Nodal Velocity] under

Dynamic Load and drop it under 1

2
Initial Velocity.

4 Click [Nonlinear Explicit Transient 4

(Required)] and click [ ] (Subcase

Control) button.
3

This step is crucial; the model will not

run if this step is skipped.

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Step

06 Analysis & Results > Analysis Case > General

Procedure
1 Select [Dynamic] tab. 1
2
Time Duration: Enter “0.2”.
3 Check Time Intervals and enter 2

“0.0005”.
4 Click [OK].
3
5 In Analysis Case, click [OK].

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Step

07 Analysis & Results > Analysis > Perform

Procedure
1 File > [Save…]. (Impact.nfxa)

2 Analysis & Results > Analysis >

[Perform].
3 Click [OK].

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Step
Analysis & Results Works Tree: Nonlinear Explicit Transient (Required) > INCR=32800 (TIME=2e000e-001)
08 TOTAL DISPLACEMENT
Procedure
1 Analysis & Results > General >

Deform Scale, select [Real].

2 Double-click Nonlinear Explicit

Transient (Required) > INCR=32800

(TIME=2e000e-001) >

TOTAL DISPLACEMENT.

This step is crucial; the animation will

not be correctly displayed if this step
is skipped.

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Step
Analysis & Results Works Tree: Nonlinear Explicit Transient (Required) > INCR=32800 (TIME=2e000e-001) >
09 TOTAL Displacement
Procedure
1 Click [ ] (Multi-step Animation

Recording) button.
2 Click [ ] (Play) button.

2 1

Change the animation speed by

selecting the speed level to the right of
the multi-step animation recording
button

Impact 13
Step

00 Summary

Summary
 Explicit Analysis

- Units: N, m Block Drop

- Block Drop model.nfxa

 Loads and Boundary Conditions

- Fixed

- Time dependent nodal

acceleration

 Contact Conditions

- Self contact

 Check Results

- Actual deformation

- Displacements

- Output set slider

Block Drop 15
Step

01 File > Open

Procedure
1 Select “Block Drop model.nfx” and

click [Open].
2 Right-click the work window and

select [Hide All Guiders].

Block Drop 16
Step

02 Static/Heat Analysis > Boundary > Constraint…

Procedure
1 Click [ ] (Front) button.

2 Name: Enter “Fix”.

3 Select 12 nodes. (Refer to Picture)

4 Click [Fixed].
1
5 Click [OK].

Block Drop 17
Step

03 Static/Heat Analysis > Contact/Connect > Contact Pair

Procedure
1 Name: Enter “Self Contact”

2 Contact Type: Select [General].

1
3 Select 3 Mesh Sets. (Refer to Picture)
4 Click [OK].

Block Drop 18
Step

04 Dynamic/Trans.Heat/CFD Analysis > Dynamic Load > Time Dependent Nodal Acceleration

Procedure
1 Name: Enter “Accel”.

2 Select 27 Nodes. (Refer to Picture)

3 Check [Tz] and enter “9.8”.

4 Click [OK].

Block Drop 19
Step

05 Analysis & Results > Analysis Case > General

Procedure
1 Title: Enter “Drop”.
2 Solution Type: Select [Nonlinear

Explicit Transient].
3 Drag and Drop the Dynamic Load in

Initial Velocity.

4 Click “Nonlinear Explicit Transient 1

2
(Required)” in Subcase Setting.

5 Click [ ] button to invoke [Subcase 4

Control].

Block Drop 20
Step

06 Analysis & Results > Analysis Case > General

Procedure
1 Time Duration: Enter “0.1”.
2 Check Number of Outputs and

enter “100”.
1
3 Click [OK].

4 In Analysis Case, click [OK]. 2

Block Drop 21
Step

07 Analysis & Results > Perform...

Procedure
1 Click File > [Save…] to save the file.
2
(Block Drop.nfxa)
2 Analysis & Results > Analysis >

[Perform].
3 Click [OK].

Block Drop 22
Step

08 Result Works Tree: Block Drop_Drop > Displacements

Procedure
1 Double-click [TOTAL

DISPLACEMENT].
2 In Analysis & Results General >

Deform Scale, select [Real].

3 In the animation tool bar on the

bottom left corner of the screen, click

[ ] (Multi-step animation 1

recording).
4 Click Activated [ ] button.
5 Click [Select All].
6 Click [OK].
7 In the animation tool bar,

click [ ▶ ] (Play).

For explicit nonlinear behavior, [Real]

scale must be selected.

7 3 4

Block Drop 23