Electrical Safety Training

EL-00-06-2017 1
 CONTENTS
 Fundamental concept of Electrical safety
 Electrical Terminology
 Effect of Electricity on the human body
 Electrical Hazard
 Electrical shock
 How is electrical shock received.?
 Electrical Burn
 Falls
 Overload Hazards
 Grounding Hazards
 Fire and Explosion

EL-00-06-2017 2
 Electrical Protective Devices
 Fuses/ Circuit Breaker
 Over Current Protection Devices
 Earth Fault Current Breaker
 Current
 High Voltage Electrical Shock
 Preventing Electrical Hazards
 Hand-held Electrical Tools
 Guarding Live Parts
 Junction Boxes
 Use of flexible cords
 Labelling( Warning and Signage)
 Log Out & Tag Out
3
EL-00-06-2017
 Personal Protective Equipment
 Reporting
 First Aid Treatment
 Responsibility of Supervisor and Worker
 Training
 Summary
 Question

EL-00-06-2017 4
A Electrical Safety program
is…...
Designed to minimize
electrical, fire and
shock hazards
Incorrect wiring, improper installation
and worn electrical equipment pose
hazards to personnel and equipment..
5
EL-00-06-2017
▪ CURRENT = The movement of electrical
charge.
▪ RESISTANCE = Opposition to current flow.
▪ VOLTAGE = A measure of electrical force.
▪ CONDUCTORS = Substances, such as metals,
that have little resistance to electricity.
▪ INSULATORS = Substances, such as wood,
rubber, glass and Bakelite, that have high
resistance to electricity.
▪ GROUNDING = A conductive connection to the
earth which acts as a protective measure.

6
EL-00-06-2017
 Effects of Electricity on the Human
Body
• The four major types of electrical injuries are:
– Direct
• Electrocution
• Electrical Shock
• Burns
– Indirect
• Falls

EL-00-06-2017 7
Received when current passes
through the body.
Severity of the shock depends on:
 Path of current through the body
 Amount of current flowing
through the body
 Length of time the body is in the
circuit
LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT
MEAN LOW HAZARD!

EL-00-06-2017
8
Currents greater than 75mA
(1/1,000 of an ampere) can cause
ventricular fibrillation (rapid,
ineffective heartbeat)
 Will cause death in a few
minutes unless a defibrillator is
used.
 75mA is not much current –a
small power drill uses 30 times
as much.

EL-00-06-2017 9
When two wires have different potential voltages,
current will flow if they are connected.

Contact with an energized (live) black

wire while touching the white
grounded wire = ELECTRICAL SHOCK!

EL-00-06-2017 10
Contact with an energized wire/any energized electrical
component + any grounded object = SHOCK!
You can even receive an electrical shock when you are not in
contact with a ground.

CONTACT BOTH WIRES OF A 240 VOLT CABLE

=
SHOCK, POSSIBLE ELECTROCUTION!

EL-00-06-2017 11
Electrical shock can also cause
indirect or secondary injuries.

Employees working in an elevated

location who experience a shock
can fall, resulting in serious injury
or even death.

EL-00-06-2017 12
 Are the most common shock-
related nonfatal injury

 Occur when you touch

electrical wiring or
equipment that is
improperly used or
maintained

 Typically occurs on the hands

 Very serious injury that

needs immediate attention

EL-00-06-2017 13
A hazard exists when a conductor is
too small to safely carry the current.
Example: Using a portable tool with an
extension cord that has a wire
too small for the tool.
 Tool draws more current than cord
can handle = overheating, possible
fire without tripping the circuit
breaker. Wire Gauge
 Circuit breaker could be the right
size for the circuit but not for the Wire gauge
smaller wire extension cord measures wires
ranging in size WIRE
from number 36 to
0 American wire
EL-00-06-2017
gauge (AWG) 14
• Too many devices
plugged into circuit =
wires heat to very
high temperature =
possible fire
• Wire insulation melts
= arcing may occur =
fire in area where
overload exists (even
inside a wall)

EL-00-06-2017 15
 Some of the most frequently violated OSHA standards.
 Metal parts of an electrical wiring system that we touch
should be at 0 volts relative to ground (switch plates,
ceiling light fixtures, conduit, etc.).
 Housings of motors, appliances or tools that are plugged
in to improperly grounded circuits may become
energized.

If you come into contact with an improperly

grounded electrical device YOU WILL GET
SHOCKED!
EL-00-06-2017 16
EL-00-06-2017 17
EL-00-06-2017 18
 Effects of Electricity on the Human Body:
Arc-blast
 The three primary hazards associated with an arc-blast are:
 Arching gives off thermal radiation (heat) and intense light
which causes burns.
 A high voltage arc can produce a considerable pressure wave
blast.
 Example: A person 2 ft. away from a 25,000-amp arc
feels a force of about 480 lbs on the front of the body
 May cause copper and aluminum components to mel.
 The molten metal can be blasted great distances by the
pressure wave.

EL-00-06-2017 19
Effects of Electricity on the Human Body:
Arc-blast

EL-00-06-2017 20
EL-00-06-2017 21
 Shut off electricity flow in the event of an
overload or ground-fault in the circuit.

 Include fuses, circuit breakers and ground-

fault circuit interrupters, or CGCI.

 Fuses and circuit breakers are “over

current” devices (too much current = fuses
melt and circuit breakers “trip” open).trip

EL-00-06-2017 22
EL-00-06-2017 23
 Protects you from dangerous electrical
shock.

 Detects a difference in current between

the black and white circuit wires (could
happen when electrical equipment is not
working properly causing a current
“leakage” known as ground fault).

 Ground fault detected = GFCI can shut off

electricity flow in as little as 1/40 of a
second protecting you from a dangerous
shock.

EL-00-06-2017 24
EL-00-06-2017 25
 CURRENT effect on human body
• More than 3 mA- Painful shock- cause indirect
accident
• More than 10 mA- Muscle contraction – “No Let
Go” danger
• More than 30 mA- Lung paralysis, usually
temporary
• More than 50 mA- Ventricular fibrillation,
usually fatal
• 100 mA to 4 A- Certain ventricular fibrillation,
fatal
• Over 4 A- Heart paralysis, severe burns
26
EL-00-06-2017
EL-00-06-2017 27
 28
EL-00-06-2017
 29
EL-00-06-2017
EL-00-06-2017 30
EL-00-06-2017 31
EL-00-06-2017 32
 Preventing
Electrical Hazards
• Stay away from water
• Don’t wear jewelry, rings or
watches
• Don’t use metal ladders
• Never rub metal objects
together when working on
energized electricity
EL-00-06-2017 33
 Electrical Hazard Protections
• Insulation
• Grounding
• Guarding
• Electrical protective devices
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Safe work practices

EL-00-06-2017 34
HAND-HELD ELECTRICAL TOOLS:
Hand-held electrical tools pose a
potential danger because they
make continuous good contact
with the hand.
To protect you from shock, burns
and electrocution, tools must:
 Have a 3-wire cord with ground and be plugged
into a grounded receptacle
 Be double insulated
 Be powered by a low-voltage isolation
transformer
35
EL-00-06-2017
 PROTECTIVE COVERS
 GUARDING OF ENERGIZED PARTS TO
PREVENT
ACCIDENTAL CONTACT; OVER POWER
PANELS,
JUNCTION BOXES, AND UNUSED HOLES.

36
EL-00-06-2017
Must guard “live” parts of electric
equipment operating at > 50 volts
against accidental contact by:
Approved cabinets/enclosures
Location or permanent partitions
(thereby only accessible to
qualified persons)
Elevation of 8 feet or more above
the floor or working surface
Mark entrances to guarded
locations with conspicuous
warning signs EL-00-06-2017 37
• Where electrical
equipment is in locations
that it can suffer physical
damage it must be
guarded.
• The violation shown here
is physical damage to
conduit.
EL-00-06-2017 38
 Junction boxes, pull boxes
and fittings must have
approved covers.
 Unused openings in cabinets,
boxes and fittings must be
closed (no missing
“knockouts”).
 Photo shows violations of
these two requirements.

EL-00-06-2017 39
 Are more vulnerable than fixed wiring.
 Should not be used if recognized wiring
methods can be used instead.
 Flexible cords can be damaged by:
 Aging
 Door or window edges
 Staples or fastenings
 Abrasion from adjacent materials
 Activities in the area
 Improper use of flexible cords can cause
shocks, burns or fire.
EL-00-06-2017 40
ELECTRICAL PANEL DIRECTORIES
 IN PLACE AND ACCURATE AND POWER
CABINETS AND BREAKERS PROPERLY
LABELED

EL-00-06-2017 41
 ENERGIZED WORK
 ALERT THE OCCUPANTS OF THE
PLANNED WORK
 WARNING SIGNS AND BARRICADES
 PPE (PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT)

EL-00-06-2017 42
 LOCKOUT & TAGOUT
 DEVICE ATTACHED TO PREVENT
OPERATION

EL-00-06-2017

43
 OTHER HAZARDS/VIOLATIONS
 RACEWAY CANNOT BE USED TO
SUPPORT LOW VOLTAGE OR LIMITED
ENERGY CABLES
 GROUNDING & BONDING OF CABLE
TRAYS

EL-00-06-2017 44
 MAINTENANCE & REPAIRS
 UNQUALIFIED PERSONS SHALL NOT
TAMPER WITH ELECTRICAL WIRING

EL-00-06-2017

45
  OVERLOADED POWER STRIP
 METAL LADDER IN AREA WHERE
EXPOSED
ENERGIZED PARTS ARE PRESENT

EL-00-06-2017

46
LOCK OUT & TAG OUT PROCEDURE

EL-00-06-2017

47
 No electrical work can be performed
until:

the electrical circuit is knocked, locked, and

tagged.
48
EL-00-06-2017
SIMPLE FIVE STEPS OF RESTORATION

EL-00-06-2017 49
 Preventing Electrical Hazards - PPE
• Proper foot
protection (not tennis
shoes)
• Rubber insulating
gloves, hoods,
sleeves, matting, and
blankets
• Hard hat (insulated -
nonconductive)
EL-00-06-2017 50
 Electrical Hazard Protections
 Personal
Protective
Equipment
 Head protection
 Hard hat
(insulated -
nonconductive)
 Class B & E.
 Always wear your
hat with the bill
forward.
 Do not store
anything in the top
of your hat while
wearing it.
EL-00-06-2017 51
 Electrical Hazard Protections
 Personal Protective
Equipment
 Hand protection
 Rubber insulating
gloves.
 Classified by the level
of voltage and
protection they provide.
 Should always be worn
over rubber insulating
gloves to provide the
mechanical protection
needed against cuts,
abrasions, and
punctures.
EL-00-06-2017
52
Electrical Hazard Protections
Personal Protective Equipment
 Use, store and maintain your electrical
PPE in a safe, reliable condition.
 Wear nonconductive head protection
wherever there is a danger of head injury
from electric shock or burns due to
contact with exposed energized parts.
 Wear protective equipment for the eyes
or face wherever there is danger of
injury to the eyes or face from electric
arcs or flashes or from flying objects
resulting from electrical explosion.

EL-00-06-2017 53
Electrical Hazard Protections
 Personal Protective Equipment
 Electrical PPE with any of the following
defects may not be used:
 If holes, tears, punctures, or cuts are present.
 Texture changes: Swelling, softening,
hardening, or becoming sticky or inelastic.
 An embedded foreign object.
 Any other defect that damages the insulating
properties.

EL-00-06-2017 54
 Work Practices
 Employees and others working with electric
equipment need to use safe work practices.
 Plan your work by yourself and with others.
 Allows you to coordinate your work and take
advantage of what others know about identifying and
controlling hazards.
 Lock out and Tag out circuits and equipment.
 Shut off the circuit.
 Lock and tag out the circuit at the distribution panel.
 Test the circuit to make sure it’s de-energized.

EL-00-06-2017 55
 Work Practices
 Use and maintain tools properly.
 Inspect tools before using them.
 Damaged tools must be removed from service.
 Keep tool and cords away from heat, oil and
sharp objects.
 Using appropriate personal protective
equipment
 Wear safety glasses to avoid eye injury.
 Wear proper foot protection.
 Wear a hard hat.
 Follow the manufacturer’s directions for
cleaning/maintaining PPE.

EL-00-06-2017 56
 How to Respond/Report a
Problem
• Do not panic; remain calm
• In the event of a personal injury:
– Call Emergency Operation Centre / Hotline
immediately
– If a person is being shocked, turn of the
source of electricity
– Do not touch someone being shocked
– Remove the person away from the electrical
source using a non-conductive material
– Notify your supervisor
57
EL-00-06-2017
FIRST AID: BURNS & ELECTRICAL
SHOCK

EL-00-06-2017

58
 BURN TREATMENT
• DON’T WIPE BURNED SKIN
• TRY TO COOL BURN BUT DON’T
FREEZE
• KEEP ELEVATED
• DO NOT USE OINTMENTS OR
SALVE
• SEVERE BURNS, SEEK
PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL
TREATMENT

EL-00-06-2017 59
 ELECTRICAL SHOCK TREATMENT
• MAKE SURE PATIENT IS BREATHING
• KEEP PATIENT DOWN AND CALM
• TREAT ELECTRICAL BURNS LIKE WE
TALKED ABOUT IN BURNS
• ELEVATE FEET
• KEEP WARM
• SEEK PROFESSION TREATMENT IF
SEVERE

EL-00-06-2017 60
EL-00-06-2017 61
EL-00-06-2017 62
 Responsibility Of Supervisor
and Worker
 Supervisors should keep ensure all Electrical works
do not pose any hazards to workers.
 Responsibility of worker
 Understand and follow instructions and
information given by his supervisor on work
procedures and safety precautions
 Understand and follow the relevant in-house
rules and legal requirements on safety at work.
 Report to his supervisor about any unsafe
conditions
 All the persons shall be worn suitable PPE at all
time.
63
EL-00-06-2017
 Supervisor Responsibilities
• Review project carefully with your workers, unless they
are routine assignments
• Emphasize safety practices
• Train workers on area-specific policies and procedures
• Check your employees’ work practices to ensure
compliance
• Check the final product to ensure that no deficiencies
exist
• Provide the appropriate disciplinary measures for poor
electrical safety practices.
EL-00-06-2017 64
 Employee Responsibilities
• Review each project carefully with your
supervisor
• Become thoroughly familiar with your
assignments
• Only perform work in which you are trained
• If at all in doubt, ask questions
• Have your supervisor review your completed
project
• Follow your supervisor’s instructions
EL-00-06-2017 65
 Employee Responsibilities (Continued)

• Follow safe work practices

• Make sure lines are de-energized before your
work on them
• Wear any required PPE
• Alert your co-workers to any unsafe work
practices
• Report all problems to your supervisor
• Know what to do in the event of an emergency

EL-00-06-2017 66
Train employees working with electrical
equipment in safe working practices
including:
 De-energizing electrical equipment
before inspecting or making repairs
 Using electric tools in good repair
 Using good judgment when working near
energized lines
 Using appropriate protective equipment,
or PPE
EL-00-06-2017 67
 Hazards
- Inadequate wiring
- Exposed electrical parts
- Wires with bad insulation
- Ungrounded electrical tools/systems
- Overloaded circuits
- Damaged power tools/equipment
- Overhead power lines
- All hazards are made worse in wet
conditions!
EL-00-06-2017 68
 Protective Measures
▪ Proper grounding
▪ Using fuses and circuit
breakers
▪ Proper use of flexible cords
▪ Training
EL-00-06-2017 69
The bottom line with
electricity:

RESPECT

COMMON SENSE

SAFETY
EL-00-06-2017 70
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IS EVERYONE’S
RESPONSIBILITY !
 REDUCING & ELIMINATING EXPOSURE
TO ELECTRICAL HAZARDS REQUIRES
YOUR CONSTANT ATTENTION

EL-00-06-2017

71