Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region 1
Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
SOLSONA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
The Production of Bioplastics from Banana
peels (Musa Paradisiaca)
A Science Investigatory Project Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements in Research 1
Submitted by:
SAMANTHA VHIEL M. VICENTE
Researcher
Brgy. #10 Manalpac, Solsona, Ilocos Norte
0951-399-6962/ 0917-129-8764
Submitted to:
https://web.facebook.com/SolsonaNHSMaananteng/
[email protected] MAEZEL JOICE V. MATEO
Research Teacher
June 2022
“Quality Education is our Pledge”
CHAPTER I
The Problem
This chapter includes the introduction of the research study and its problem. It
includes the dependent and independent variable that are used in the study as well as
the hypotheses, significance, objectives, terms used and the limitations.
A. Introduction
Plastic Industry is said to be one of the most important industries including
packaging, building, etc. Plastic causes environmental pollution of having a non-
biodegradable characteristics and they are full of harmful by-products and chemicals
which are released during the breakdown process. Plastics comes in a number of
stopes including sheets, panels and film, all of which can be flexible depending on the
purpose. Using too many plastics, on the other hand has disastrous consequences. And
based on my research, it takes long time to degrade which is estimated about 500
years and it will become toxic after decomposed. One of the main problem in our
society is the Plastic wastes. This research is important because bioplastics produces
significantly fewer greenhouse gases emissions. In addition, bioplastics is better than
conventional plastics because bioplastics are those that can decompose naturally in
the environment as I've said earlier that plastics takes long time to degrade.
Bioplastics from renewable biomass sources such as banana peels is easier to
decompose because it is compostable and microorganisms can break it down living no
toxic residue, conventional plastics on the other hand takes hundred of years to
decompose because these materials do not exist in nature. Banana peels has abundant
availability and it has friendly properties to our environment. Therefore in this
research, banana peels will be used in the production of bioplastics.
B. Statement of the Problem
This study aims to produce biodegradable plastic out of banana peelings and
seeks the feasibility and acceptability of Banana peels as Bioplastics. Specifically, it
aims to answer this research question:
1. Do Banana peels as the main ingredient have the potential to be made into
bioplastic?
C. Formulation of Hypothesis
1. Ha: Banana peels as the main ingredient have the potential to be made into
bioplastic.
Ho: Banana peels as the main ingredient don’t have the potential to be made
into a bioplastic.
D. Objectives
This study seeks to achieve the following goals:
1. To develop an alternative source of plastic that is biodegradable and
ecofriendly.
2. To look for the potential of Banana peels (Musa Paradisiaca) as the main
ingredient in making bioplastic.
3. To determine the feasibility and acceptability of banana peels as bioplastic
and to use it as a substitute for conventional plastics.
E. Significance of the Study
This research is made with the aim to provide crucial information and knowledge
regarding the chosen study. More specifically, this study will benefit the following
individuals:
To Students: This study may serve as a guide and reference for the students
undertaking similar studies.
To the Community: This study will help them know, why this research is important
in different aspects..
To the Researchers: For them to gain more knowledge and widen their thoughts
about this study. The researchers may improve their skill, strategy, and knowledge in
engaging research.
To the Future Researchers: The finding of this study will be serving as a good and
valid source of useful informations. This research will be a useful reference for any
researchers who would plan to make any related to this study
F. Scope and Delimitation
This study was conducted to produce flexible and durable bioplastics from
banana peels. It was generally intended for the Grade 9 learners of Solsona National
High School. The aspects looked into were the alternative plastic, its benefits, the
performance of the product, the problems and proposed solution of the product.
G. Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined according to how they are being used in the study:
Banana peels
The skin of banana (especially when it is stripped off and discarded) that contains
a certain compound called Tannin. It is a fibrous peel from banana plant. In this study,
banana peel is used as the main material in producing bioplastics.
Bioplastics
Is a substance derived from organic biomass sources like banana peels. In this
study, it is the one being made from banana peels.
Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
This chapter presents a review of related literature taken from various sources. For
reference and clarification, the following studies and related readings were taken.
Human life cannot be separated from plastics. Almost all objects that are around
us are made of plastics. However, plastics are non-biodegradable, causing
environmental problems caused by the increased volume of plastic waste (Rusdi
2020). The lack of proper waste management infrastracture means globally
commodity plastics are disposed of incorrectly, consequently leading to both an
economical loss and environmental destruction (Lamberti et al., 2020).
One of the sources of plastic production is fuel. However, the synthetic plastic is
harmful to both people and the environment, it is one of the biggest source of
pollution on the Earth's surface (Azieyanti et al., 2020). Therefore, new alternative for
the production of plastic has been studied. Bioplastics are the plastics formed from
renewable biomass and can be easily be compostable in nature (Folino et al., 2020).
Jayachandra et al (2016) reported the use of fruit waste for bioplastic production is an
potential alternative source for conventional plastic. The bioplastics extracted from
banana peels instead of petroleum-based plastics is an effective solution which leads
to the reduction in use of non-renewable raw materials (Kadam & Datta, 2020).
By using banana peels as a raw material we can produce good quality bioplastics
which has good life (Navandar et al., 2018). Ajay et al (2009) justified that banana
peels are rich in phytochemical compounds, anti-oxidant compounds and
carbohydrate contents. Banana peels (Musa Paradisiaca) was selected for the
experiment because it is rich in starch which consist of two different types of polymer
chains called amylose and amylopectin, made up of adjoined glucose molecules that
are bonded together to form bioplastic (Beevi et al., 2020). It is widely used for the
production of bioplastics because of its abundant availability, low cost, and its
environmentally beneficial features (Padam et al., 2014). The peel consist of minerals
like Calcium, Potassium, Zinc, Magnesium, Sodium and Iron. In producing
bioplastics, glycerol is needed as plasticizer or dispersants. Plasticizers are used in the
production of bioplastics to improve the product's flexibility, processability,
workability, and density (Vieira et al., 2011). This research is primarily focused on
developing a bioplastic from banana peels as a substitute for the conventional plastics
and to prove that banana peel have the potential to be made into bioplastics.
CHAPTER III
Methodology
This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the researcher in
conducting the study which includes the materials list, procedures, and safety
procedures
A. Materials List
The materials used in this research study were 60-70 grams of banana peels, steel
knife, blender, three (3)ml of hydrochloric acid, two (2)ml Plasticizer (glycerol),
sodium metabisulphite, distilled water, petri dish, glass rod, mixing bowl, oven,
B. Procedures
a. Preparation of banana peels
1. The peels of banana were collected and converted into small pieces using a
stainless knife and put the small pieces into a large bowl
2. The peels are dip in sodium metabisulfite for 50 minutes. It is used as
antioxidant and preservative and would increase the biodegration period of
plastic.
3. Banana peels are boiled in distilled water for about 30 minutes.
4. The water is decanted from the beaker and the peels are now left to dry for
about 30 minutes.
5. After the peels are dried, they are placed in a beaker and using a hand blender,
the peels are pureed until a uniform paste is formed.
b. Production of Plastic
1. 25 gram of banana paste is placed in each bowl
2. 3 ml of HCI is added to the mixture and it was stirred using glass rod.
3. 2 ml glycerol is added to the mixture as a plasticizer and it increases the
product’s flexibility and mix the glycerol with the banana paste.
4. Pour the banana paste in the petridish and put it in the oven at 130 degrees
celcius for about 30 minutes. And finally, the product is scraped off the surface.
C. Safety Procedures
The following safety procedures should be followed by the researcher:
1. Stay focused and aware of your surroundings.
2. Avoid skin and eye contact with all chemicals used in the experiment.
3. Wear proper clothing during the experiment..
4. Wear safety goggles and gloves for safety.
Bibliography:
Y. J. Chen, “Bioplastics and their role in achieving global sustainability”
(2014) Researchgatenet.
Rizwana Beevi. K et al “Bioplastic synthesis using Banana Peels and Potato Starch
and Characterization” (2020) International Journal of Scientific & Technology
Research volume 9, Issue 1.
Jaikishan Chandarana “Production of Bioplastis from Banana Peels” (2021) CVR
college of Engineering.
http://reports.ias.ac.in/report/20428/comparative-study-of-bioplastic-sheets-from-
different-varieties-of-banana-peel
Prof. Manasi Ghamande et al “(BIO-PLASTIC) GENERATING PLASTIC FROM
BANANA PEELS” (2018) Department of Engineering, Science and Humanities
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, SPPU, Pune
N A Azieyanti et al “Mechanical and Morphology Studies of Bioplastic-Based Banana
Peels” (2019) Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering,
Universiti Tenaga Nasional
Curriculum Vitae
SAMANTHA VHIEL M. VICENTE
Address: Brgy. Laureta, Solsona, Ilocos Norte
Contact Number: 09506311756
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PERSONAL PROFILE:
Date of Birth : January 03, 2007
Place of Birth : Intramuros, Manila
Age : 15 y/o
Sex : Female
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
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EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Solsona National High School
Brgy. Manalpac, Solsona, Ilocos Norte
Barcelona-Aguitap Elementary School
Brgy. Aguitap, Solsona, Ilocos Norte
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