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Me20b092 E1

The document summarizes an experiment to study the efficiency characteristics of a Pelton turbine. Water is accelerated through a venturi meter and nozzle before striking the turbine wheels. The inlet and outlet pressures are measured along with turbine speed. Calculations are shown to determine flow rate, head, torque, power, and efficiency at different nozzle openings and speeds. The results show torque decreasing with speed while output power and efficiency initially increase to around 700 rpm before dropping off at higher speeds due to frictional effects.

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51 views6 pages

Me20b092 E1

The document summarizes an experiment to study the efficiency characteristics of a Pelton turbine. Water is accelerated through a venturi meter and nozzle before striking the turbine wheels. The inlet and outlet pressures are measured along with turbine speed. Calculations are shown to determine flow rate, head, torque, power, and efficiency at different nozzle openings and speeds. The results show torque decreasing with speed while output power and efficiency initially increase to around 700 rpm before dropping off at higher speeds due to frictional effects.

Uploaded by

momo momos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME3484 – EXPERIMENT 1

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF PELTON TURBINE


Karteek Kashyap | ME20b092

Aim: -

To study the efficiency traits of Pelton generator.

Description: -

Pelton Turbine is a drive transformer namely conducted under rising tide head to produce power. Single jet Pelton
transformer have distinguishing speed in the range 12 to 35. A spout is used to convert the vacant water to jet and is
bent for one Pelton engine by 160 o to 170 o. Water is augment to the engine at extreme head utilizing an engine (spiral
supply). The speed of water is increased by a venturi – rhythm. The water is period to relieve inside the pipes to involve
prepare (erasing air bubbles) to increase adeptness of capacity result. Then throwing out of a residence spigot is
unlocked. Then the Sphere faucet is unlocked at 1/8 pauses equivalent to differing spout beginning sizes accordingly
differing water flow rates. The Pelton internal-combustion engine is intoxicated by way of asking strain to the brake
drums by 2 spring balances accompanying weights. The estuary and release pressures of the venturi – rhythm and the
estuary pressure of the Pelton device that drives a machine are calculated utilizing Pressure gauges. The speed of the
transformer is calculated utilizing a tachometer.
Observations: -
Calculation Table: -

Sample Calculation: -

For reading no 2 in the 2/8 Nozzle Valve opening


P input = 2.4 kg / cm2 = 235360 Pa, Speed = 946.6 rpm
P1 = 5.6 kg / cm2 = 549172.4 Pa, P2 = 5.2 kg / cm2 = 509945.8 Pa

For a Venturi – meter


Q = C d . (2.(P1 – P2) / Density)0.5. Inlet Area / ((Inlet Area / Throat Area) 2 –1)0.5 ---- (1)
Given : C d (Discharge Coefficient) = 0.98 , Inlet Diameter (Da) = 0.065 m ,
Throat Diameter Ratio = D b / D a = 0.6 è Throat Diameter (D b) = 0.039 m
Substituting in (1) we get,
Q = 0.011131238 m3 / s
We know that Q = Area . Velocity where Area = Inlet Area = 0.00331830724 m2
Therefore Velocity = Q / Inlet Area = 3.35449298 m / s
Total Head (H) = ( P input + 0.5 . Density . Velocity2 ) / (Density . g) ----- (2)
Substituting in (2) we get,
H = 24.66266479 m

Torque = (T1 – T 2) . g . (Diameter of rope + Diameter of Brake Drum) / 2 ---- (3)


Given : T 1 = 6 kgf , T 2 = 2.6 kgf , D rope = 0.015 m , D brake drum = 0.4 m
Substituting in (3) we get,
Torque = 6.9139 Nm
Output Power = Torque . Angular Velocity ---- (4)
We know that, Torque = 6.9139 Nm , Angular Velocity = 946.6 rpm = 99.1277202 rad / s
Substituting in (4) we get,
Output Power = 0.685359145 kW
Input Power = Density . g . Q . Total Head ---- (5)
Given: Density = 997 kg / m3 , Q = 0.011131238 m3 / s , Total Head (H) = 24.66266479 m
Substituting in (5) we get,
Input Power = 2.682283736 kW

Efficiency = Output Power . 100 / Input Power (in %) ---- (6)


We know that, Output Power = 0.685359145 kW , Input Power = 2.682283736 kW
Substituting in (6) we get,
Efficiency = 25.5513291 %

Graphs:-
Conclusion: -

• A steady decrease in torque as the speed increases can be observed from the torque vs speed
plot.
• The output power first increases till about 700 rpm and then drops with respect to the speed as
observed from the output power vs speed plot due to increase in frictional and other inhibitory
effects.
• The efficiency also increases till about 700 rpm and then drops with respect to the speed as
observed from the efficiency vs speed plot.

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