「１級リスニングテスト」 原稿

ただいまから、1 級リスニングテストを行います。これからお話しすることについて質問
は受けませんので、よく注意して聞いてください。このテストでは、テストの方法と注意事
項がすべて英語で放送されます。

The listening test for the Grade 1 examination is about to begin. Listen carefully to the
directions. You will not be permitted to ask questions during the test.
This test has four parts. All of the questions in these four parts are multiple-choice
questions. For each question, choose the best answer from among the four choices written
in your test booklet. On your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark
your answer. You are permitted to take notes for every part of this listening test.
Now, here are the directions for Part 1. In this part, you will hear 10 dialogues, No. 1
through No. 10. Each dialogue will be followed by one question. For each question, you
will have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on your answer
sheet. The dialogue and the question will be given only once. Now, let’s begin.
（★=男性 A ★★=男性 B ☆=女性 A ☆☆=女性 B）

★No. 1
☆☆: Clark, I think it’s time to consider a nursing home for your mother.
★★: Yeah, I was afraid you were going to suggest that.
☆☆: We simply can’t give her the care she needs anymore.
★★: I know, Margaret. It’s just that it’ll be hard not to have her here with us.
☆☆: Look, I have a few printouts from local nursing homes I found online. They aren’t
cheap, but I think we might be able to find a suitable one near our place.
★★: All right. Let’s take a look.
★Question: How does the man feel about the woman’s suggestion?

★★No. 2
★: So, what do you think of the office space, Ms. Kato?
☆: The location is outstanding, but it’s quite a bit more spacious than what we were originally
looking for.
★: I understand that, but given the way your firm has been expanding over the past two years,
it might make sense to allow yourself some flexibility.
☆: Good point. On a square-meter basis the price is certainly reasonable. And I’d hate to have
to think about relocating again, at least not for several years.
★★Question: What will the woman probably do?

☆☆No. 3
★★: What do you think about the big bribery case? Do you think the senator will plead
guilty?
☆: With all the evidence against him, he’d be a fool not to.
★★: I don’t know. I’d be surprised if he confesses.
☆: But the odds are so stacked against him. The media exposed everything.
★★: Yeah, but white-collar crime is complex. It’s hard to pin down blame.
☆: You don’t think he’ll get off, do you?
★★: He’s got a huge team of lawyers. If he does decide to fight the charges, who knows
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what’ll happen?
☆☆Question: What does the woman think about the accused?

☆No. 4
★: I.T. Group, Bill Friedman speaking.
☆☆: Bill, this is Gloria Bailey in marketing. I was told two weeks ago that I needed to
change my password, but to be honest it slipped my mind. Now I can’t access the network.
★: OK, Gloria. I’ll have to ask you to come over here so that I can verify your company ID
and have you fill out a form.
☆☆: I see. I’ve got a meeting in a few minutes. Would one o’clock this afternoon be all
right?
★: That’s fine. See you then.
☆Question: What problem does the woman have?

★No. 5
★★: Do you know when class registration begins, Tina?
☆☆: Online registration starts alphabetically on Monday. Unfortunately, with our surnames,
we’ll be nearly the last to register.
★★: Meaning the pickings are likely to be pretty slim, then.
☆☆: Don’t worry, Alex. If the classes you want are full, I was told you should speak to the
professor directly.
★★: Are you sure that’ll make any difference?
☆☆: My advisor said the professor would accept more students than the limit, if the course is
a prerequisite for completion of the degree.
★★: Well, that’s a relief to know that.
★Question: What does the woman imply?

★★No. 6
☆: Mark, I think it’s time to fix that dent in the rear bumper.
★: But, honey, it’s not even that noticeable.
☆: It looks awful! Anyway, our insurance will pay for the repairs.
★: True, but then our insurance premiums will go up.
☆: How do you know that?
★: That’s what the company told me when I called to ask about it. I was responsible for the
damage, remember? I backed into that parked car.
☆: Oh, that’s right.
★★Question: Why is the man reluctant to fix the car?

☆☆No. 7
★★: How are things working out with your new job?
☆: Not so well. It’s a full-time position, but I just learned that contract workers from outside
get paid more than I do for the same work.
★★: That doesn’t sound right. What are you going to do?
☆: I’ve only been working there for a few weeks, so I’ll just hold off for now and bring it up
with personnel when the time is right.
★★: Well, I hope things work out.
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☆: Me, too.
☆☆Question: What is the woman planning to do?

☆No. 8
☆☆: Jake! I haven’t seen you for ages. How’ve you been?
★: Good, thanks, Harriett. I got hitched a couple of years back, and my wife had a baby last
year.
☆☆: That’s wonderful. I bet it’s turned your life upside down a bit, too.
★: No kidding. My life seems like an endless series of diaper changes and nighttime
feedings.
☆☆: I remember how tough that can be. Are you a stay-at-home dad, then?
★: Yes. My wife’s got a high-powered job, so it makes more sense this way, but it’s wiping
me out.
☆Question: What do we learn from the conversation?

★No. 9
★★: What are you making for dinner, honey?
☆: Vegetable soup and whole-wheat bread rolls. I can put a salad together, too, if you want.
★★: You’re really serious about this new diet, aren’t you? All we’ve eaten is fruit and
vegetables for the last week now.
☆: That’s an exaggeration. We had some bacon with breakfast the other day and a tuna
sandwich for lunch today. Anyway, your doctor’s been saying that your cholesterol’s way too
high. Just hang in there, and let’s see what happens.
★★: But I’m dying for a hamburger with french fries and a sundae. Cheating now and then
can’t hurt that much!
☆: Why don’t you look at the book where I got the diet from? I think it would change your
attitude. And I feel much better after just one week.
★★: Well, you were never much into meat and cheese anyway. But my stomach’s been
growling, and I feel so lethargic. I think we’ve gone overboard.
☆: I’m sure you’ll adjust. My friend Kathleen’s a vegetarian, and she has lots of energy.
★★: Good for her, but there’s no way I’m going to become a vegetarian.
☆: No one’s expecting you to. It’s just a matter of balance, like the book says. You’ve
consumed too many meat and dairy products for way too long.
★Question: What do we learn from this conversation?

★★No. 10
☆: Listen, I think we have to review our business strategy for the new line of DVD players.
☆☆: Why? Sales are up 15 percent this quarter. I’m very proud of what our sales staff have
achieved.
☆: You say that, Pauline, but actually demand is extremely strong at the moment. The rumors
are that most of our rivals have improved their figures even more. What do you think, David?
★: The problem is our advertising budget. It’s way too small.
☆: I disagree. Surveys show that consumers are fully aware of our name. I think the problem
is that our players are not there in the shops even if people want them. I spent last Sunday
going around the stores downtown, and five of them didn’t have a single one of our players in
stock.

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☆☆: I’m shocked to hear that. I’ll get my people on it right away. The trouble is that stores
won’t stock goods unless they think they’ll sell.
★: That brings us back to the problem of image. We have to get ourselves talked about if we
want people to buy our goods.
☆: I’m not saying that advertising is unimportant, but it’s very expensive. Our first goal
should be to get the goods on the shelves.
☆☆: Well, I’ll talk to the sales staff again, but don’t expect any miracles.
★★Question: What does the man suggest they do?

Here are the directions for Part 2. In this part, you will hear five passages, (A) through
(E). Each passage will be followed by two questions, No. 11 through No. 20. For each
question, you will have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on
your answer sheet. The passage and the questions will be given only once. Now, let’s begin.

☆☆(A) Clearing the Air

Some recent studies indicate that many people assume the air quality inside buildings
is equivalent to, or even surpasses, that outside. Not so, says the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. The EPA’s study indicated that air pollution levels indoors may be five
times worse than outdoors. The harmful effects can include headaches, irritation of the eyes,
throat, and skin, as well as dizziness. While poor air quality does affect homes, the EPA says it
is actually a more pressing issue in commercial buildings, where people spend their working
lives.
Some pollutants detected in buildings originate from outside, but many are actually
released indoors. Sources such as mold, building materials, office equipment, and carpets give
off dangerous, toxic gases. Ironically, cleaning products designed to protect us from dirt and
bacteria can also contribute to the problem as they contain hazardous chemicals. Some
companies have responded by boosting ventilation through the installation of air intakes, fans,
and filters. Experts also believe that allowing newly made materials to release their gases at
manufacturing plants for a few months, before shipping and installing them, would also have
a positive impact on indoor air quality.
★Questions
★No. 11 What does the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency study indicate?
★No. 12 What is one thing some companies are doing?

★★(B) Seeds of Survival

In prehistoric times, the black palm tree, which is found in modern-day Panama, had
a symbiotic relationship with an enormous elephant-like creature called the gomphothere.
Gomphotheres had a huge appetite for the fruit and were able to reach up into the tree’s
canopy to obtain it. After the fruit was swallowed whole, the large seed within it would slowly
pass through the animal’s body and be dropped in a new location, allowing it to germinate
there.
However, the gomphothere became extinct thousands of years ago. In such cases, it is
not unusual for the other partner in a symbiotic relationship also to perish. The black palm,
however, had a savior in a rodent known as the agouti. The demise of the gomphothere
allowed these diminutive animals to collect and bury black palm fruit as a backup food source
for when times are tough. Scientists recently discovered that agoutis provide an efficient
mechanism for dispersing black palm tree seeds as they often make off with food that belongs
to other agoutis. Because agoutis often do not need to eat the fruit, the seed inside may be
carried innumerable times, enabling it to travel great distances.
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 ☆Questions
☆No. 13 Why was the black palm tree in danger of disappearing?
☆No. 14 What is one thing scientists have learned about agoutis?

☆(C) The Science of Forgiveness

Many religious and spiritual traditions promote the virtue of forgiveness. As a student
at Stanford University, Fred Luskin became interested in discovering whether there really
were any inherent merits to forgiving, and if so, whether these could be measured. Luskin
developed a forgiveness training program, which he tested on a group of volunteers, each of
whom had been wronged in some way. After the program, Luskin said the volunteers showed
an appreciable reduction in their anger levels. In a wider study, Luskin demonstrated that his
training also significantly reduced stress-related symptoms such as chest pain and migraines.
He then established the Stanford Forgiveness Project, a program to improve people’s
psychological and physical well-being through forgiving those who have wronged them.
The emphasis of the training program is on people letting go of their anger and
accepting the hurt they or their families have suffered. Luskin’s training has also proved
effective with victims of conflict. It has been used with individuals in Northern Ireland, for
example, whose family members were killed in violence between Protestants and Catholics.
Although the training does not deal with the root causes of conflict or violence, Luskin
believes forgiveness training can at least help some people move forward.
★★Questions
★★No. 15 What is one thing Fred Luskin attempted to do while he was a student?
★★No. 16 How has Luskin’s training program been used?

★(D) Brainpower
Most laypeople assume that when human brain cells die, they are gone forever. In the
past decade, however, neurologists have determined that brain-cell regeneration, or
neurogenesis, does occur. What’s more, preliminary studies on rats suggest there may be a
positive correlation between the ability to deal with cognitive challenges and brain-cell
regeneration. By further analyzing how neurogenesis happens, neurologists hope to unlock
ways to regenerate cells in people who have suffered brain injuries or have brain disorders.
Psychologists such as Margie Lachman are also interested in understanding why
brainpower declines faster in some people than others. Lachman suggests that education is an
essential element of mental health. A large study in the U.S. has highlighted that people who
have attained a higher level of education tend to experience a slower decline in memory.
Participants in their early 70s with college educations performed memory and recognition
tasks as well as people 10 years younger who had no higher education. Other studies suggest
that so-called crystallized intelligence, which is the ability to use skills and experience, can
actually get better with time. Research into neurogenesis and declining brainpower is still in
its infancy, but some researchers believe that specific techniques to mitigate the effects of
brain degeneration may be on the horizon.
☆☆Questions
☆☆No. 17 What have neurologists discovered?
☆☆No. 18 What did the large study in the U.S. reveal?

☆☆(E) Focus on Food

Every year, approximately 48 million Americans are affected by food-borne illnesses.
This costs $35 billion in related medical treatments and lost productivity annually. As

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consumers grow ever more concerned about where their food comes from and whether it is
safe, they demand more accountability from those who produce and distribute it. A big
obstacle to achieving this, however, is identifying exactly where in the supply chain a problem
occurred. To address this, a nationwide tracking system that utilizes barcode labels is being
created. The system’s designers believe that using barcode data could help pinpoint every
place a particular product was handled, from farm to store, within two days of a
food-poisoning case being reported.
Since startup costs for this high-tech system are so prohibitive, involvement will
initially be voluntary. Consumer groups, however, are up in arms, and they are demanding
that food producers and distributors be required to participate. These groups say mandatory
tracking would not only help contain food-borne illnesses, it would also encourage businesses
to create more transparent and hygienic production and distribution networks to provide the
public with safe food products.
★★Questions
★★No. 19 Why is the new system being introduced?
★★No. 20 Why are consumer groups concerned?

Here are the directions for Part 3. In this part, you will hear five passages, (F) through (J).
The passages represent real-life situations and may contain sound effects. Each passage will
have one question, No. 21 through No. 25. Before each passage, you will have 10 seconds to
read the situation and question written in your test booklet. After you hear the passage, you
will have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on your answer sheet.
The passage will be given only once. Now, let’s begin.

☆ (F) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 21.
★Swelling and bruising are normal, so that’s not a cause for concern. If there were a bone
fracture, you’d be experiencing more pain, so we can forget about an x-ray. It looks like a
small hematoma—that’s a pool of blood within the damaged tissue—has formed. It doesn’t
pose any real danger, but having it drained would speed up your recovery. I’m glad you
haven’t had a fever as that would have meant the cut had become infected and that would
have required treatment with antibiotics. OK, remember to ice your leg several times a day for
20 minutes at a time. Keep it elevated as much as possible to reduce swelling. And rest as
much as possible. If the pain gets worse, let me know, and I’ll write a prescription for
painkillers.
☆ Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

★★ (G) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 22.
☆Welcome to this exhibition featuring installation artist Sharon Sullivan. Ms. Sullivan is
particular about unauthorized images of her work being distributed, so photography is
restricted. Members of the press and other mass-media professionals must have applied in
advance for permission to take and publish photos. Those who have done so can pick up their
photography permits from me in just a moment. Members of the general public are permitted
to take photos for personal use. This means that you can show them to family and friends but
cannot sell, reproduce, or display the photos on websites, blogs, and so on. You’ll have to sign
an agreement to that effect first. I have the press photo permits, and the agreements are at the
desk next to the reception. Finally, flash photography is not permitted. Thank you, and enjoy
the exhibition.
★★ Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

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☆☆(H) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 23.
★★Basically, you can rent, lease, or buy. Car-rental companies generally offer reasonable
deals, and most of them charge by the week. The big advantage is that you don’t have to
worry about maintenance. You’d end up paying at least $300 per month. Leasing is another
alternative. That’s like a long-term rental that gives you the option to buy the car at the end. A
minimum lease agreement is usually 24 months. Leasing a 3-door hatchback would cost about
$200 a month, but over two years, that’s $4,800. You could also buy a car outright. A decent
used car costs around $3,000, so you could pay it off in a year with monthly installments of
$250. You could also finance a small new car for about the same rate. However, that would
take 48 months or so to pay off.
☆☆Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

★ (I) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 24.
☆☆Thanks for agreeing to teach the course. Your expertise will benefit our students greatly.
We’ve already contacted your home institution to reassure them the change won’t hinder your
research. Now, since your visa doesn’t allow you to teach, we’ll have to send you back to
immigration to obtain the necessary permission. It’s a fairly straightforward process, though,
and usually only takes a couple of weeks. Once approved, you’ll receive a passport stamp that
will allow you to engage in activities outside the parameters of your visa. Of course, as the
institution requesting this change, we’ll need to provide a letter of support that outlines the
reasons we need you. I can get that to you tomorrow. You’ll then need to submit that in
person along with your application. If approval doesn’t come by the time classes begin, we’ll
arrange for another faculty member to fill in temporarily.
★Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

☆ (J) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 25.
★Yours is nonrefundable, so you usually have only 24 hours following your booking in
which to make changes at no additional charge. At this point, any changes normally require an
administrative fee of $150, and you would also be responsible for any fare differences.
However, we have just started a trial campaign offering business-class passengers more
flexibility on their return flights. If you wait until after your departure to change the return
date, you will only be required to pay any fare difference, but you will not be liable for the
administrative fee. Although it’s too late this time, we recommend that you upgrade your
frequent-flyer membership in the future, as all administrative fees for flight changes are
waived, and many other benefits are also available.
☆Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

Finally, here are the directions for Part 4. In this part, you will hear an interview. The
interview will be followed by two questions, No. 26 and No. 27. For each question, you will
have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on your answer sheet. The
interview and the questions will be given only once.
★★Now let’s listen to the interview. This is an interview with Peter Winters, who works for
a glass-engraving company.

Interviewer (I): So, Peter. Tell us a little bit about what your company produces.
Peter Winters (PW): Most of the things that we make are replicas engraved inside glass, of
buildings or anime characters, sports memorabilia, and things like that.
I: I see. What does your job involve?
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PW: I am involved in all of the steps that it takes to get a design from idea to engraved in the
glass.
I: What have you learned through working at your company?
PW: I’ve learned in particular just how complicated it is to make things. When you’re in a
shop and you see trinkets that just look cheap and—I guess I’ve learned that it’s a lot more
complicated than I thought it was. You can look at things and think that they look cheap, but
you don’t realize just how many stages there were to production.
I: Mm-hmm. What aspects of your job do you find the most rewarding?
PW: I’m particularly fond of the start-and-finish aspect of my job, that every, every different
thing we make is, I, I look at as a different project. And, so, while some of them last quite a
long time, months, and some of them can go much faster, I like that we start something and
we finish something and then we move on to the next thing.
I: So, Peter, I hear your background is actually in urban planning. Can you tell us a little bit
about what that is?
PW: It deals essentially with how humans use space. And so where they go, what’s needed,
what services are needed and, if, for example, there’s an open space, how will people who live
nearby it use it.
I: I believe you’ve been involved in projects to set up what you call “productive spaces.”
Could you explain what those are?
PW: Well, first let me tell you why, what I defined as a productive space. Instead of the
narrow idea of, of agricultural space, I broadened it to include community farms and, and
anything that produces food. So any green space within an urban area that is used to produce
food, and that could be professionally or by amateurs.
I: Mm-hmm. How can productive spaces benefit local communities?
PW: Well, in terms of direct benefit, if there is a community farm, or a place where someone
can use green space to grow their own food, of course there’s a direct benefit in not only the
experience, but of course the food that the, that they can get from that. But even people who
aren’t involved in, if, in productive land that’s near, nearby, if your neighbor is growing
cabbage, for example, then you still have the open space, so you have the sunlight, and you
might have a breeze nearby. So it, it has a, a broad benefit, not only just the food, from
production, but also the, the green space.
I: Thank you so much for being with us today, Peter.
PW: My pleasure.
★★Questions
★★No. 26 What does Peter say about working for the glass company?
★★No. 27 What does Peter say about productive spaces?

Your time is up. Stop writing and wait quietly until the answer sheets have been collected.

では、時間です。筆記用具を置いて答えの記入をやめてください。試験監督者に連絡いたし
ます。これより最終の受験者数を確認してください。その後、解答用紙を回収し枚数の確認
を行ってください。受験者数と解答用紙の枚数の一致を確認してから、解散の指示を出して
ください。受験者の皆さんは、身のまわりをよく点検し、忘れものがないように注意してく
ださい。受験者の皆さんが退出するときは、別の教室が試験中の場合もありますので、声を
出さず、校舎出口まで静かに退出してください。それでは、解散の指示を出すまで静かにお
待ちください。

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