Revision Notes
Class – 4 Environmental Studies
Chapter 18 – Too Much Water Too Little Water
Summary of Too much water too little water
This chapter aims to the real-life problems regarding water.
We all know the world has 72% water, but still, a small amount of water is fit
to drink.
Contamination of water with diseases stays a common problem in urban areas
due to the low maintenance of pipelines.
Clean water is very essential for having a healthy life.
What to Drink?
A story from Nallamada, Andhra Pradesh shows that a family cannot give
water to their guest as the water was contaminated and unhealthy to drink.
The family has no choice so they have to drink that contaminated water only.
These issues stay common in some areas because the administration doesn’t
give attention to water treatment.
Image: Contaminated Water
Water Games
Let’s move towards the west, Bazar Gaon, Mumbai, there is a water park.
Children enjoy different kinds of water rides in it.
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Every ride there is with water.
The water park had different kinds of water fountains.
Whereas, in the neighbour normal people don’t have water to drink or use in
their respective well and taps.
A tanker is supplied to the locals for the water that too was irregular on its
duty.
So, we can see the irony that people are suffering for water to drink and at the
same place people are enjoying and playing in the water.
Image: Water Park
Can We Drink This?
In Mumbai, the high-rise buildings are just situated near the slums.
A news broke out that the gutter pipeline got mixed with the drinking water
pipeline.
This created a mess, children in the slums get affected by diseases like
diarrhoea.
Diseases because of contaminated water
Diseases like cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid, and polio
have been linked to contaminated water and poor sanitation.
Cholera: Cholera is a bacterial infection spread by drinking contaminated
water. Cholera causes dehydration and severe diarrhoea.
Diarrhoea: Diarrhoea is characterized by the passing of loose, watery, and
unformed faeces regularly. Acute diarrhoea is characterized by the occurrence
of three or more loose stools per day in a period of fewer than 14 days.
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Precautions when getting affected by contaminated water
Our bodies lose a lot of water when we have diarrhoea and vomiting.
It is critical that we replace the water we lose from our bodies.
When this happens, we should drink a lot of water. In the water, we should
also add some salt and sugar.
When a person has diarrhoea and vomiting, they must drink water slowly.
It is necessary to consume light foods.
If the diarrhoea persists, consult a doctor.
It is critical to seek the advice of a physician.
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a type of fluid replacement that is used to
prevent and treat dehydration, particularly that caused by diarrhoea. It entails
drinking water laced with sugar and salts, particularly sodium and potassium.
Practice Questions
Q 1. Fill in the Blanks
1. If we drink ............... water we may fall sick of diarrhoea. vomiting etc.
Ans: Contaminated
2. The ORS must be sipped ............... by the diarrhoea patients.
Ans: Slowly
3. The ORS prepared by you should not taste saltier than your ................
Ans: Meal
4. When we have diarrhoea and vomiting, we lose a lot of ............... from our
body.
Ans: Water
5. The village near to the water park had ................
Ans: No water
6. While preparing ORS, a pinch of salt is to be mixed in boiled and cooled
water along with ................
Ans: Sugar
7. When the gutter water got mixed with the drinking water pipes, many
people became sick with ...............
Ans: Diarrhoea
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8. Suguna's father offered the visitor a cold drink because they were not
getting ................
Ans: Pure water
Q 2. What was the reason for the villagers making a noise outside the water
park?
Ans: The villagers making a noise outside the water park because there is no water
in the well and in the water park a lot water was being wasted.
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