BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU

1 80-4:1 982

ISO 631 3:1 980

Brake linings —

Part 4: Method for determining effects

of heat on dimensions and form of disc
brake pads

[ISO title: Road vehicles — Brake linings — Effects of heat on

dimensions and form of disc brake pads — Test procedure]

UD C 62 9. 1 1 - 597. 6: 620. 1
BS AU 1 80-4:1 982

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Automobile
Road vehicles —
Standards Committee and is identical with ISO 631 3: 1 980 “
Brake linings — Effects of heat on dimensions and form of disc brake pads —
Test procedure” published by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) .

Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has

been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without
deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with
those used in British Standards; attention is especially drawn to the following.

The comma has been used throughout as a decimal marker. In

British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline
as the decimal marker.

Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this

standard, they should be read as “British Standard”.

Cross-reference. At present there is no corresponding British Standard for

ISO 61 1 . However, it is intended to publish a related standard at a future date.

The technical committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 61 1 and has
decided that they are acceptable for use in conj unction with this standard.

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of
a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct
application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

from legal obligations.

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
This British Standard, having pages 1 to 4 and a back cover.
been prepared under the
direction of the Automobile This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
Standards Committee, amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
was published under the
the inside front cover.
authority of the Board
of BSI and comes
into effect on
Amendments issued since publication
31 March 1 982

© BSI 02- 2000 Amd. No. Date of issue Comments

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference AUE/1 1
Draft for comment 78/80969 DC

ISBN 0 5 80 1 2 5 36 X
 BS AU 1 80-4:1 982

Contents

Page

National foreword Inside front cover

0 Introduction 1

1 Scope and field of application 1

2 Reference 1

3 Symbols and designations 1

4 Sampling and conditioning 2

5 Test rig 2

6 Test method 2

7 Presentation of results 4

8 Test report 4

Figure 1 — Principal dimensions and determination of reference points 1

Figure 2 — Example of test rig 3

© BSI 02 - 2 000 i
ii blank
 BS AU 1 80-4:1 982

0 Introduction — certain dimensions of the lining outline when

their variation may involve a misfunctioning of
This International Standard describes a method for
the brake.
measuring dimensional changes of disc brake pads
This International Standard applies to disc brake
under the influence of heat. At the same time, it
pads for road vehicles. Their dimensions should not
gives an indication of the resistance of whole disc
exceed 80 mm in depth, 1 20 mm in width
brake pads to heat transfer in the direction of
and 20 mm in thickness, being of integral moulded
applied pressures. According to the design of the
or bonded type, and the backing plate of solid type.
test rig, either one or two disc brake pads are
required for testing. An extension of this
International Standard for drum brake linings has
2 Reference
still to be prepared. ISO 61 1 , Braking o f m otor vehicles and their

Dimensional changes and the temperatures trailers —Term inolo gy.

recorded in accordance with this test method in the

zone of contact of the operating forces are measured 3 Symbols and designations
on disc brake pads whose rubbing surface is pressed
For general definitions, see ISO 61 1 .
against a heated plate subj ected to a given
Symbol Designation
temperature- time programme.
d
m Mean thickness of specimen pad
1 Scope and field of application (see clause 4 )

This International Standard specifies a combined d

Ai Dimensions, possibly concerned, of the

method of measuring disc brake pads to determine lining outline (see clause 4 )

their dimensional changes in relation to d

Bi Dimensions, possibly concerned, of the
temperature and their resistance to heat transfer. lining outline at ambient temperature

The dimensions concerned are: after test (see clause 6 )

— thickness dimension;
% d
i Changes of the possibly concerned
dimensions of the lining outline
(see clause 7 )

Figure 1 — Principal dimensions and determination of reference points

© BSI 02- 2000 1

BS AU 1 80-4:1 982

4 Sampling and conditioning d) a dial gauge (4) measuring displacement from

the pad backing plate or intermediate plate
Take the samples from stock.
through the device ensuring the compressive
Before placing the pads into the test rig, rub them force.
down on both sides with emery paper (grain size
5.2 Heating capacity
No. 1 20) so as to remove the coat of paint from the
backing plate and to render the rubbing surface The heating source shall be capable of bringing the
itself smooth and free from unevenness. plate to a temperature of 400 °C in 1 0 ± 0, 5 min. In
certain cases, especially with a view to utilization of
Remove any friction material from spigot holes in
tested brake linings on a given vehicle type, it may
the backing plate to a depth sufficient to avoid
be necessary to adopt a plate temperature
influencing the test results.
above 400 °C and to reach this temperature in
In the case of disc brake pads fitted with a thin
less than 1 0 min.
flexible anti- noise strip on the back face of the
5.3 Measuring equipment
backing plate, prepare this strip in the same way as
the friction material to give a good contact surface. Temperature is measured centrally in the heating

Determine two reference points as shown in plate by means of a sheathed thermocouple in a hole

Figure 1 , and measure the thickness of the disc running parallel to, and 5 mm from, the contact

brake pad at the reference points to an accuracy surface (see Figure 2).

of 0, 01 mm. The mean value of these two In the case of disc brake pads equipped with
measurements is designated d m. anti- noise strips, a 4 mm thick 80 × 1 00 mm

Measure the dimensions, if concerned, of the lining thermal conductive plate is placed between the pad

outline. These values are designated d Ai.

and the clamping device for the measurement of
heat transfer. The temperature measurement on
Drill a 2 mm diameter hole in the side of the lining
this plate is taken by means of a sheathed
down to one of the reference points described above.
thermocouple which is situated in a hole drilled to
This hole shall be parallel to the rubbing surface at
the centre of the plate (see Figure 2). The block for
a distance of 5 mm, and is used to house a sheathed
clamping the disc brake pad is provided with a
thermocouple.
device capable of applying a force range of 20
Drill a 2 mm diameter hole in the lining backing to 200 N. Fixed on the same side the displacement
plate parallel to and same depth as the hole measuring devices shall measure the displacement
described above, to house a sheathed thermocouple. from the pad backing plate or intermediate plate.
In the case of disc brake pads equipped with
anti- noise strips, this hole is omitted. 6 Test method
Linings exceeding the limits of 1 20 × 80 × 20 mm
Place the disc brake pad prepared in accordance
shall be reduced to this size by cutting with a
with clause 4 between the heater plate and
parting- off disc and/or by surface grinding.
clamping block, with the rubbing surface towards
the heater plate, and clamped with a pad surface
5 Test rig
pressure of about 20 kPa (0, 02 N/mm 2 ).
5 .1 The test rig is composed of a rigid, electrically In the case of disc pads equipped with anti- noise
heated steel plate, 80 mm high, 1 70 mm wide strips, insert the intermediate plate between the
and 40 mm thick, with devices for clamping the pad and the clamping block. The dial gauges or
brake pad and for the measuring equipment. inductive displacement transducers are mounted
The test rig may be designed for two brake pads. and set to zero.

As an example, Figure 2 shows a test rig, which Switch on the heating at a setting which will result
meets the requirements. in a final temperature of 400 ° C at the end of

The rig consists of (see Figure 2): a 1 0 min heating period.

NOTE In certain cases, especially with a view to utilization of

a) a clamping block (1 ) provided with a piston
tested brake linings on a given vehicle type it may be necessary
of 48 mm diameter moving easily in the block; that this final temperature be above 400 ° C and reached in
less than 1 0 min.
b) various coil springs (2) ensuring by deflection
the force through the piston;

c) a screw thread with adj uster nut (3) to deflect

the springs;

© BSI 02- 2000

2
 BS AU 1 80-4:1 982

Figure 2 — Example of test rig

According to the equip ment us ed, meas ure the As soon as the heater p late reaches 50 °C , s witch

variations in the p ad thicknes s and the temp erature the heat s ource on again and rep eat the p rocess

of the heating p late, the friction material and the describ ed ab ove. No readj ustment s hall take p lace

p ad b acking p late or intermediate p late during the under any circums tances at the b eginning of the

heating and cooling p eriod. second heating p eriod.

If the measurements are not taken b y means of a At the end of the tes t, meas ure the dimensions , if

recorder, thes e s hall b e read at 2 5 °C intervals of concerned, of the lining outline at room

heater p late temp erature b etween 5 0 °C and the temp erature. These values s hall b e des ignated dBi
.

final temp erature.

After the final temp erature has b een reached, the

heat source is switched off, and the cooling p eriod

b egins during which the s ys tem is allowed to cool

naturally, without any cooling air b lown on to the

heater p late.

© BS I 0 2 - 2 00 0 3
BS AU 1 80-4:1 982

7 Presentation of results 8 Test report

7.1 If a recorder is used, the traces shall be suitab ly The test report shall contain following particulars:

identified so that the recording of change of pad

a) quality designation, type and supplier of the
thickness, heater plate temperature, pad
disc b rake pad;

d
temperature and pad backing plate or intermediate
b ) mean thickness m
at the beginning of the test;
plate temperature can b e unambiguously related to
1 2 3
the appropriate factors. If an x, y , y , y , plotter is c) maximum values of relative change of lining

used, the direction of the ab scissae is controlled b y thickness with the corresponding temperatures

the heater plate temperature. and test period;

7.2 If the values are read off, pad and pad backing d) change of lining thickness at highest

plate or intermediate plate temperature and change temperature for the first and the second test

of lining thickness shall be plotted on millimetre period;

paper against heater plate temperature, again e) residual change of thickness and dimensions, if

making sure that the curves are suitab ly identified. concerned, of the lining outline at the end of the

Finally, if need be, calculate the differences test when cooled down to room temperature;

%d d
i
= Bi
– d Ai
f) pad b acking plate or intermediate plate

temperature at highest heater plate temperature

for the first and second test period;

g) appearance of the disc brake pads after the

test, noting especially any formation of cracks

and bub bles, peeling or chipping of friction

material and detachment from the b acking plate.

© BSI 02 - 2 000
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BS AU
1 80-4:1 982
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