10
EXPRESSIONISM: A Bold New Movement
(Representative Artists and Filipino Counterparts)
MODULE 2
MARIAN S. MARTINITO
Writer
Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC):
Identify distinct characteristics of arts from the various
art movements.
Identifies representative artists and Filipino
counterparts from the various art movements.
Code: A10EL-la-2/ A10EL-la-3
Expectation
You will compare each artwork by recognizing the difference and uniqueness of
the art styles (techniques, elements, and principles of arts) and artists and its Filipino
counterpart from expressionism art movements. Specifically, this module will help you to
identify distinct characteristics, representative artists and Filipino counterparts from the
various art movements, describe the characteristics of expressionism styles of art
movements, appreciate the uniqueness of art styles and its contribution to the world of
art.
PRE-
TEST
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best completes the sentence.
1. What style was characterized by dream fantasies, memory image, and
visual trick and surprises?
A. Fauvism B. Surrealism C. Dadaism D. Social realism
2. Which painting style derived its name from “Super Realism”?
A. Fauvism B. Surrealism C. Dadaism D. Social realism
3. The following are styles that arose from the expressionism movement,
except
A. Fauvism B. Dadaism C. Social realism D. Cubism
4. A Filipino expressionist artist best known for His canvases which were
characterized by “dynamic spontaneity” and “quick gestures” of action painting.
A. Jose Joya B. Ben Cabrera C. Alfonso Ossorio D. Emmanuel Garibay
5. What various style of expressionism came from African tribe in South Sea Island?
A. Fauvism B. Dadaism C. Surrealism D. Neoprimitivsm
LOOKING BACK
Directions: Identify the following paintings from which arts movement it should belong.
Write letter (I) if it is under IMPRESSIONISM and (P) if it is POST-IMPRESSIONISM.
Identify also the artist for each painting.
1. 2. 3.
For each element of art discussed, choose one sample work (above) by an
impressionist or post-impressionist painter and briefly describe how this element was
applied in a new way. You may use the following sample format:
Ex.: Element: Line
Name of artist:
Title of work:
How the elements was applied:
(you may use 2 to 3 elements of arts to describe that is present in an
artwork.)
BRIEF
INTRODUCTI
ON
WHAT IS EXPRESSIONISM
In the early 1900’s, a movement arose in the Western art world that came to be
known as expressionism. Expressionist artist created work with more emotional force
rather than with realistic or natural images. To achieve this, they distorted outlines,
applied strong colors, and exaggerated forms. They work more with their imagination
and feelings, rather than with their eyes saw in the physical world.
Among the various styles that arose within the expressionist art movements and some
artists were:
1. Neopremitivism – Incorporated elements from the native arts of the South Sea
Islanders and the wood carvings of the African tribes that surged in popularity at
that time. (Amedeo Modigliani: “Head” and “ Yellow Sweater” - used the oval faces
and elongated shapes of African art in both his sculptures and paintings.)
Yellow Sweater Head
2. Fauvism – Bold, vibrant colors and visual distortions. Its name was derived from les
fauves (“wild beasts”), referring to the group of French expressionist painters who
painted in this style. (Henri Matisse: “Woman with Hat” and “Blue Window”)
Woman with Hat Blue Window
3. Dadaism – Characterized by dream fantasies, memory images and visual tricks
and surprises.
(Giorgio de Chirico: “ Melancholy and Mystery of a Street” )
4. Surrealism – Was a style that depicted an illogical, subconscious dream world
that seemed to exist beyond the logical, conscious, physical one. Its name came
from the term “ super realism”, with its artworks clearly expressing a departure
from reality- as though the artist were dreaming, seeing illusions, or experiencing
an altered mental state.
(Salvador Dali: “Persistence of Memory”)
5. Social realism – Express the artist’s role in social reform. Artist used their work to
protest against the injustices, inequalities, immortality and ugliness of the human
condition. (Ben Shahn: “Miner’s Wives” and Pablo Picasso: “Guernica”)
Among the Filipino counterparts from the various art
movements were:
1. Ben Cabrera –B. August 27, 1942) A Filipino pioneer of the
arts and a significant influence among his peers. He has
been noted as “arguably the best-selling painter of his
generation of Filipino artists. Studied at the University of the
Philippines College of Arts. (“From Hillman to Sergeant-
1978”, “Sabel - 1965”
2. Jose Joya (June 3, 1931- D. 1996) A
printmaker, mixed media artist and a former dean of
the University of the Philippines College of Fine Arts.
His canvases were characterized by “dynamic
spontaneity” and “quick gestures” of action painting.
Pioneered abstract expressionism in the Philippines.
His compositions described as “vigorous
compositions” of heavy impastos, bold brushstrokes, controlled dips and
diagonal swipes.” (“Hills of Niko – 1964” and “MARIVELES”)
3. Alfonso Ossorio – (August 2, 1916- Dec. 5, 1990)His first solo
exhibition in 1941 at Betty Parson;s legendary Wakefiled
Gallery in New York city. [Internationally recognized for his
complex and challenging visual language, He has been the
subject of numerous exhibitions and publications. (The Angry Christ-1950, and
Congregation)
4. Emmanuel Garibay - 2010–11- was born in Kidapawan, North Cotabato,
Philippines in 1962. He is known as much for his expressionist figurative style as for
the content of many of his works, which often express a keen social and political
consciousness (Social Realism).
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1
In this time of crisis that the world is facing because of the Coronavirus (COVID-
19) pandemic the health and safety of everybody is at risks, forcing most of us to a swift
reconsideration of our current and future plans, work activities and a way of life in
general. How do you feel about this? What is your opinion on what is happening in our
country?
Find a way to express yourself through painting/drawing. Choose one among
the following art styles( neoprimitivism, fauvism, dadaism, surrealism, social realism) and
apply its characteristics on your work.
You may decide to create illustrations about the following:
1. Importance of taking care of your mental health during this time of isolation
2. Paying tribute to health care workers on the frontline because of the pandemic-
or share messages of support, against stigma and discrimination.
3. Reflection of how my life has prepared me for the pandemic
4. And other ideas
Materials:
- Acrylic Paint/oil pastel or any coloring materials
-1/16 illustration Board (cut the 1/8 illustration board in
half, then set it aside for the next art activity)
1(Excellent) 2(Good) 3(Satisfactory) 4(Needs
Improvement)
Following All directions You followed You followed None of the
directions were followed most some directions directions were
directions followed
Creativity You use your You use your You used some You did not use
own ideas and own ideas imagination your own ideas
imagination most of the or imagination
time
Effort Gave an effort Completed Finished the Did not finished
for beyond the the activity in activity but it the work in a
requirements of an above lacks finishing satisfactory
the activity. average touches or can manner
manner, yet be improved
more could upon with little
have been effort
done.
Rubrics:
Activity 2
My Reflection (based on your first activity)
Direction: Answer each question in a short paragraph form.
1. Why do you make this type of art? Why are you drawn to this subject?
2. What does your artwork represent? Does your art something represent about
you? Does it represent a message about the world? Does it focus on a piece of
history or look to the future?
3. What inspires you? What connection do you have to your art?
4. How do you make it? Why do you use certain materials?
5. What does your art mean to you?
Activity 3
Direction: Answer each question in a short paragraph form.
1. How was expressionist art developed in modern society?
2. Were all surrealist artworks gloomy? Support your answer.
3. Which among the forms of expressionism (fauvism, dadaism, surrealism, social realism)
appeals to you the most? And which does not appeal to you at all? Explain why.
4. Expressionism in Philippine art – Research online for works by Filipino artists (aside from
the one mentioned above) who used variations of this style (e.g., Cesar Legaspi). Give
your personal reaction to these.
REMEMBER
EXPRESSIONISM:
1. It denotes an art form in which reality has been distorted and exaggerated for
emotional effect.
2. The aim of expressionism was not to replicate an impression inferred by the
surrounding world, but rather to enforce the artist’s own emotional response to
the world’s representation so as to distinguish its true meaning.
3. It was a movement in which objective reality was displaced by subjective
emotions, with the consequence that a long-lasting climate of self-expression
spread.
4. Expressionism utilized bold, distorted lines, with rough brushstrokes and strong
colors to create an expreience that was meant to invoke an emotional
response.
Characteristics of expressionism art:
1. Distorted outlines 4. Rough brush strokes
2. Strong colors 5. Exaggerated forms
3. Not about realism 6. Connection between artist and work and viewer and
work
Various art styles and the artists of expressionism movement:
1. Neoprimitivism – Amedeo Modigliani 4. Surrealism – Salvador Dali
2. Fauvism – Henri Matisse 5. Social Realism – Ben Shahn, Pablo Picasso
3. Dadaism – Giorgio de Chirico
FILIPINO EXPRESSIONIST ARTIST
1. Ben Cabrera 3. Alfonso Ossorio
2. Jose Joya 4. Emmanuel Garibay
CHECK YOUR
UNDERSTANDING
1. You are in a painting gallery, which of the following painting is expressionism art?
A. B.
2. You are observing the painting in the gallery, you notice that the painting is an
expressionism if,
A. Its theme is everyday life with real object as subject
B. The painting is distorted with strong color and exaggerated form/
3. How would you describe expressionistic art?
I. Objective reality was displaced by subjective emotions
II. Emotional force, rather than realistic or natural images
III. Enforce the artist’s own emotion response
IV. Theme is everyday life and light brush strokes
A. Statement I and II are correct C. Statement II and IV are correct
B. Statement I and III are correct D. Statement I, II, and III are
correct Identify into which expressionism art styles the following paintings
belonged.
1. 2.
POST-TEST
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that best completes the sentence.
1. This is an art style that depicted an illogical, subconscious dream world that
seemed to exist beyond to illogical, conscious and physical one.
A. Surrealism B. Dadaism C. Cubism D. Impressionism
2. What is an art style that incorporated elements from the native arts of the South
Sea Islanders and the wood carvings of African tribes that surged in popularity at
that time?
A. Dadaism B. Social realism C. Neoprimitivism D. Fauvism
3. Who is best known for his compositions that were described as “vigorous
compositions” of heavy impastos, bold brushstrokes, controlled dips, and
diagonal swipes? He is the pioneered abstract expressionism in the Philippines.
A. Jose Joya B. Alfonso Osorio C. Ben Cabrera D.Emmanuel Garibay
4. One of the best artworks of Alfonso Ossorio is the
A. Melancholy and Mystery of the Street C. Seduction
B. The Angry Christ D. Mariveles
5. Pablo Picasso was recognized in which styles of expressionist art movement?
A. Dadaism B. Social realism C. Neoprimitivism D. Fauvism
_
REFLE
CTIO
N
’s Artist Statement
(your name here)
Write a short statement about the importance of art in your life.
Here are some ways you might begin your statement.
I have learned… Art can be… Art is… My inspiration comes from…
Art makes me feel… When I create art… I am an artist because
Sources:
