Standard Specification for

Structural Steel for Bridges

1

ASTM Designation: A 709/A 709M-07

1. SCOPE

1.1. This specification covers carbon and high-strength low-alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and
bars and quenched-and-tempered alloy steel for structural plates intended for use in bridges. Nine A
grades are available in four yield strength levels as follows: •
Table 1-Yield Strength Levels
Grade SI Yield Strength,
[U.S.] MPa [ksi]
250 [36] 250 (36]
345 (50) 345 (50)
345$ (SOS] 345 (50]
345\.\' [50W) 345 [50]
HPS 345W (HPS SOW) 345 [50]
HPS 485W [HPS 70W) 485 [70]
690 [100] 690 [100]
690W [I 00\\1 690 (JOO]
HPS 690W (HPS I OOW] 690 (100]

1.1.1. Grades 2SO [36], 34S [SO], 34SS [SOS], 34SW [SOW], and 690 and 690W [100 and IOOW] are also
included in ASTM A 36/A 36M, A S72/A S72M, A 992/A 992M, A S88/A S88M, and
A S14/A S l 4M, respectively. When the supplementary requirements of this specification are
specified, they exceed the requirements of A 36/A 36M, A S72/A S72M, A 992/A 992M,
A S88/A S88M, and A Sl4/A 514M.
e
1.1.2. Grades 34SW [SOW], HPS 345W [HPS 50\V], HPS 485W [HPS 70W], 690\V [1 OOW], and
HPS 690\V [HPS 1OOW] have enhanced atmospheric corrosion resistance (Section 11.1.2).
Product availability is shown in Table 2.

1.2. Grade HPS 485W [HPS 70W], 690 [100], 690W (lOOW], or HPS 690W [HPS IOOW] shall not be
substituted for Grade 250 [36], 345 [50], 34SS (SOS], 345W [50W], or HPS 345W [HPS 50W].
Grade 345W [SOW] or HPS 345W [HPS 50W] shall not be substituted for Grade 250 [36], 345
[50], or 345S [50S] without agreement between the purchaser and supplier.

1.3. When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of
steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of M 160!\1/M 160 for
information on weldability.
 e e
Table 2-Tensile and Hardness Requirements 0
Minimum Elongation, Percent
Yield Point
or Yield Plates and Bars <. • Shapes' Reduction Brinell
6 of Areac.d
Plate Thick- Structural Shape Flange Strength, 200mm 50mm 200mm 50mm Hard-
ness, mm or Leg Thickness, mm MP a Tensile Strength, or or or or Min, ness
Grade [in.] [in.] [ksi] MPa [ksi] 8 in. 2 in. 8 in. 2 in. percent Number
250 [36] To 100 [4], incl to 75 [3], incl. 250 [36] min 400-550 [58-80] 20 23 20 21
over 75 [3.] 250 [36) min 400 [58]min - - 20 19
345 [50] To 100 (4], incl all 345 [50] min 450 (65] min 18 21 18 21'
345S [50S] g
all 345--450 450 [65]h - -- 18 21
(50--65t·i
345W [50W] and HPS 345W To 100 [4], incl all 345 (50] min 485 (70) min 18 21 18 d
(HPSSOW]
HPS 4~5W [HPS 70W] To 100 [4], incl g 485 [70]b 585- 760 (85-11 OJ - 19'
min
690 (100], 690W (IOOW], To 65 (2 1/ 1], incl g 690 (IOOt 760-895 (110--130) - 1s• 235-293m
and HPS 690W (HPS IOOWJ min
690 (100] and690W [lOOW] over 65 to 100
1
g 620 [90]b 6Q0.-895 [ l 00-130] - 16A
(2 /2 to 4] min

a See "Orientation" and "Preparation" under''Tension Tests" in M 160M/M 160.

Measure at 0.2 percent offset or 0.5 percent extension under load as described in Section 13 ofT 244.
Elongation and reduction of area not required to be determined for floor plates.
d For plates wider than 600 mm [24 in.], the reduction of area requirement, where applicable. is reduced five percentage points.
For plates wider than 600 mm (24 in.], the elongation requirement is reduced two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjustments under the Tension Tests section of M I60M/M 160.
f Elongation in 50 mm (2 in.], 19 percent minimum for shapes over 75 mm (J in.].
g Not applicable.
The yield to tensile ratio shall be 0.87 or less for shapes that are tested from the web location; for all other shapes, the requirement is 0.85.
A maximum yield strength of 70 ksi [480 MPa] is permitted for structural shapes that are required to be tested from the web location.·
j For wide flange shapes Y.ith flange thickness over 75 mm (3 in.). elongation in 50 mm (2 in.] of 18 percent minimum applies.
If measured on the Figure 3 (T 244) 40-mm [ 11/,-in.] wide specimen, the elongation is determined in a 50-mm [2-in.] gauge length that includes the fracture and shows the greatest elongation.
1
40 percent minimum applies if measured on the Figure 3 (T 244) 40-mm [1 /,-in.] wide specimen, 50 percent minimum applies if measured on the Figure 4 (T 244) 12.5-mm [1/,-in.] round specimen.
m Applies only to Grade 690 [!00] and 690W (!OOW] plates that are 10 mm [3/R in.] and thinner and are not tension tested. (See Section 8.1.)
Note: Where "-.. " appears in this table, there is no requirement.
1.4. For structural products to be used as tension components requiring notch toughness testing,
standardized requirements are provided in this standard, and they are based upon American
Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) requirements for both
fracture-critical and non-fracture-critical members.

1.5. Supplementary requirements are available but shall apply only if specified in the purchase order.

1.6. The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.
Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are
not exact equivalents; therefore, each system is to be used independently of the other, without
combining values in any way.

1.7. For structural products cut from coiled product and furnished without heat treatment or with stress
relieving only, the additional requirements ofM 160M/M 160, including additional testing
requirements and the reporting of additional tests, apply. e
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

2.1. AASHTO Standards:

• M l 60M/M 160, General Requirements for Steel Plates, Shapes, Sheet Piling, and Bars for
Structural Use
• T 243M!T 243, Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural Steel
• T 244, Mechanical Testing of Steel Products

2.2. ASTM Standards:

• A 36/A 36M, Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
• A 435/A 435M, Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates
• A 514/A 5 l 4M, Specification for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Steel
Plate, Suitable for Welding
• A 572/A 572M, Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium
Structural Steel
• A 588/A 588M, Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi
[345 MPa] Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick
e
• A 992/A 992M, Specification for Steel for Structural Shapes for Use in Building Framing
• E 112, Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
• G 101, Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels

3. TERMINOLOGY

3.1. Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

3.1.1. main load-carrying member-a steel member designed to carry primary design loads, including
dead, live, impact and other loads.

3.1.2. secondal)' member-a steel member used for aligning and bracing of main load-carrying
members, or for attaching utilities, signs or other items to them, but not to directly support primary
design loads.
 3.1.3. non-fracture-critical member-a main load-carrying member whose failure would not be expected
to cause collapse of a structure or bridge with multiple, redundant load paths.

3.1.4. fracture-critical member-a main load-carrying member or tension component of a bending

member whose failure would be expected to cause collapse of a structure or bridge without
multiple, redundant load paths.

3..-i.5 tgnsion comp(ment-a part or element of a fracture-critical or non-fracture-critical member that is

in tension under various design loadings.

3.1.6. non-tension component-a steel member that is not under any design loading.
--
4. ORDERING REQUIREMENTS

e 4.1. In addition to the items listed in the ordering information section ofM 160M/M 160, the following
items should be considered if applicable:
I
4.1.1. Type of component (tension or non-tension, fracture critical or non-fracture-critical) (see
Section 10).

4.1.2. Impact testing temperature zone (see Table 3).

Table 3-Relationship Between Impact Testing Temperature Zones and Minimum Service Temperatures
Minimum Service Temperature,
Zone oc (oF)
-18 [OJ
2 Below-18 to-34 [O to-30]
3 Below-34to-51 [-30to~O]

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DELIVERY

e 5.1. Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the requirements of the current edition
of M 160M/M 160 for the specific structural product unless a conflict exists, in which case this
specification shall prevail.

5.2. Coils are excluded from qualification to this specification until they are processed into a finished
structural product. Structural products produced from coil means structural products that have
been cut to individual lengths from a coil. The processor controls, or is responsible for, the
operations involved in the processing of a coil into a finished structural product. Such operations
include decoiling, leveling or straightening, hot-forming or cold-forming (if applicable), cutting to
length, testing, inspection, conditioning, heat treatment (if applicable), packaging, marking,
loading for shipment, and certification. (See Note l .)
Note 1-For structural products produced from coil and finished without heat treatment or with
stress relieving only, two test results are to be reported for each qualifying coil. Additional
requirements regarding structural products from coil are described in M 160M/M 160.

6. MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURE

6.1. For Grades 250 (36] and 345 [50], the steel shall be semi-killed or killed.
 - ..
6.2. For Grades 345W [50WJ, HPS 345W [HPS 50WJ, and HPS 485W [HPS 70WJ, the steel shall be
made to fine grain practice.

6.3. For Grade 345S [50SJ, the steel shall be killed. Killed steel is confirmed on the test report by
a statement of killed steel, a value of0.10 percent or more for the silicon content, or a value
of 0.015 percent or more for the total aluminum content.

6.4. for Grade J45S [50S], the steelmakiag praGtiee used shall be one that produees steel having a
nitrogen content not greater than 0.015 percent and includes the addition of one or more nitrogen-
binding elements, or one that produces steel having a nitrogen content of not greater than 0.012
percent (with or without the addition of nitrogen-binding elements). The nitrogen content need not
be reported, regardless of which steelmaking practice was used.

6.5. For Grades HPS 345W [HPS 50W], HPS 485W [HPS 70\V], and HPS 690W [HPS lOOW], the
steel shall be made using a low-hydrogen practice, such as vacuum degassing during steel making:
controlled soaking of the ingots or slabs; controlled slow cooling of the ingots, slabs, or plates; or
a combination thereof.
e
6.6. For Grades 690 [100], 690\V [lOOW], and HPS 690W [HPS lOOW] the requirements fine
austenitic grain size in M 160MIM 160 shall be met.

6.7. Grades HPS 345W [HPS 50W] and HPS 485W [HPS 70W] shall be furnished in one of the
following conditions: as-rolled, control-rolled, thermo-mechanical control processed (TMCP) with
or without accelerated cooling, or quenched and tempered.

7. HEAT TREATMENT

7.1. For quenched-and-tempered Grades HPS 345W [HPS 50\\1 and HPS 485W [HPS 70W], the heat
treatment shall be performed by the manufacturer and shall consist of heating the steel to not less
than 900°C [I 650°F], quenching it in water or oil, and tempering it at not less than 590°C
[l 100°F]. The heat-treating temperatures shall be reported on the test certificates.

7.2. For Grades 690 [100) and 690W [IOOW], the heat treatment shall be performed by the
manufacturer and shall consist of heating the steel to not less than 900°C [1650°F], quenching it in
water or oil, and tempering it at not less than 6200C [1150°F]. The heat-treating temperatures shall
e
be reported on the test certificates.

8. CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS

8.1. The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements of the specified grade, as given in Tables 4
through Table 9.

8.2. For Grade 345S [50S], in addition to the elements listed in Table 6, test reports shall include, for
information, the chemical analysis for tin. Where the amount of tin is less than 0.02 percent, it
shall be permissible for the analysis to be reported as <0.02 percent.

8.3. The maximum permissible carbon equivalent value shall be 0.47 percent for structural shapes with
flange thickness over 50 mm [2 in.], and 0.45 percent for other structural shapes. The carbon
equivalent shall be based on heat analysis. The required chemical analysis as well as the carbon
equivalent shall be reported. The carbon equivalent shall be calculated using the following
formula:
 CE = C + Mn + (Cr + Mo + V) + (Ni + Cu)
6 5 15

Table 4-Grade 250 [36] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

a
Plates Bars
Gvef G><er G"ef O><er ··------
To20 20 to 40 40 to 65 65 to JOO To20 20 to 40 40 to 100
3 1 1
Product Shapes,b [)/.], [ 1, to 1 /J, [1 12 to 2 1/:], [2 11: to 4], [3/,] 3 1
[ / 4 to 1 / 2 ], (1 1/ 2 to 4].
Thickness, mm [in.] all incl incl incl incl incl incl incl
Carbon, max, percent 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.26 0.27 0.28
Manganese, percent - - 0.80-1.20 0.80-1.20 0.85-1.20 - 0.60-0.90 0.60-0.90
Phosphorus, max, percent 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 O.o4 0.04 0.04
Sulfur. max, percent 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Silicon, max, percent 0.40max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.15--0.40 0.015-0.40 0.40max 0.40 max 0.40 max

e °
Copper, min, percent when
copper steel is speci tied
0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20

For each reduction of0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of0.06 percentage point manganese above the specified maximum
0.20

will be permitted up to the maximum of 1.35 percent.

Manganese content of0.85 to 1.35 percent and silicon content of 0.15 to 0.40 percent is required for shapes over 634 kg/m [426 lb/ft].
Note: Where "-"appears in this table, there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as described in the Heat
Analysis section ofM 160MIM 160.

e
 Table 5-Grade 345 [50] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)0
Siliconb
Plates to
40-mm [1 1/i-in.] Plates over
Thick, Shapes to 40-mm [1 1 /2 -i~.)
Max Diameter, 634 kg/m [426 lb/ft], Thick and Columbium,
Thickness, or Bars, Zees, and Shapes ove Vanadium,
Distance Between Carbon, Manganese,c Phosphorus, Sulfur, Rolled Tees, 634 kg/m [426 !~/ft], and
Parallel Faces, mm [in.] Max, percent Max, percent Max, percent Max, percent Max, percenf percent Nitrogen
100 [4] 0.23 1.35 0.04 0.05 0.40 0.15--0.40 See Footnote.'
° Copper when specified shall have a minimum content of 0.20 percent by heat analysis (0. I 8 percent product analysis).
Silicon content in e.<cess of0.40 percent hy heat analysis must be negotiated.
c Manganese, minimum by heat analysis of0.80 percent (0.75 percent product analysis) shall be required for all plates over IO mm ['18 in.] in thickness; a minimum of0.50 percent (0.45 percent p 1ct analysis) shall be required
for plates 10 mm ['!8 in.] and Jess in thickness and for all other products. The manganese to carbon ratio shall not be less 2 to I. For each reduction of0.01 percent point below the specified carbo maximum, an increase of0.06
percent point manganese above the specified maximum is pennitted, up to a maximum of I .60 percent.
d Bars over40 mm [I 11, in.] in diameter, thickness, or distance between parallel faces, shall be made by a killed steel practice.
' Alloy content shall be in accordance with one of the following types, and the contents of the applicable elements shall be reported:

Type Elements Heat Analysis, Percent

Columbium1 0.005-0.05g
2 Vanadium 0.01-0.15
3 Columbiunf 0.005-0.05h
Vanadium 0.01-0.15
Columbium plus vanadium 0.02-0.15h
5 Titanium 0.006-0.04
Nitrogen 0.003-0.0 IS
Vanadium 0.06max

I Columbium shall be restricted to Grade 345 (50) plate, bar, zee, and rolled tee thickness of20 mm ['I, in.], max, and to shapes with flange or leg thickness to 40 mm [1 112 in.) inclusive unle«s killqrl steel is rumished. Killed steel
shall be confirmed by a statement of killed steel on the test report, or by a report of the presence of a sufficient quantity of a strong deoxidizing element, such as silicon at 0.10 percent or higher, or aluminum 8( 0.015 percent or
higher.
g Product analysis limits= 0.004 to 0.06 percent.
h Product analysis limits= 0.0 I to 0.16 percent.

e e
 Table 6--Grade 345S (50S] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)
Composition,
Element percent
Carbon, max 0.23
Manganese 0.50 to 1.60"
Silicon, max 0.40
Vanadium, max 0.15 ~
Colun1biu1n,n1ax 0.05
Phosphorus, max 0.035
Sulfur, max 0.045
Copper, max 0.60
Nickel, max 0.45
Chromium, max 0.35
Molybdenum, max 0.15

e Provided that the ratio of manganese to sulfur is not less than 20 to I, the minimum limit for manganese for shapes with flange or leg thickness not exceeding
25 mm [I in.) shall be 0.30 percent.
The sum of columbium and vanadium shall not exceed 0.15 percent.

Table 7-Grade 345W [50W] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

Composition, percent0
Element Type A TypeB TypeC
Carbonb 0.19 max 0.20 max 0.15 max
Manganeseb 0.80-1.25 0.75-1.35 0.80-1.35
Phosphorus 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max
Sulfur 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 max
Silicon 0.30-0.65 0.15--0.50 0.15--0.40
Nickel 0.40 max 0.50 max 0.25--0.50
Chromium 0.40-0.65 0.40-0.70 0.30-0.50
Copper 0.25--0.40 0.20-0.40 0.20-0.50
Vanadium 0.02--0.10 0.01--0.10 0.01--0.10
• Weldability data for these types have been qualified by FHWA for use in bridge construction.
b For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum for carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum for
manganese is permitted. up to a maximum of 1.50 percent.

e Note: Types A, B, and Care equivalent to ASTM A 588/A 588M Grade A, B, end C, respectively.
Table 8-Grades HPS 345W [HPS 50W]. HPS 485W [HPS 70W], and HPS 690W [HPS IOOW] Chemical
Requirements (Heat Analysis)
Composition,
percent
Grades HPS 345W Grade HPS 690W
[HPS 50W] and [HPS IOOW]
HPS485W
Element [HPS 70\\']
Garooo {)+l-fRlll( ~
Manganese
65 mm [2.5 in.] and under 1.10-1.35 0.95-1.50
Over65 mm [2.5 in.] 1.10-1.50
Phosphorus 0.020 max 0.015 max
Sulfw1' 0.006max 0.006max
Silicon 0.30-0.50 0.15-0.35
Copper 0.25--0.40 0.90-1.20
Nickel
Chromium
Molybdenum
0.25--0.40
0.45--0.70
0.02-0.08
0.65-0.90
0.40-0.65
0.40-0.65
e
Vanadium 0.04--0.08 0.04--0.08
Columbium (Niobium) 0.01-0.03
Aluminum 0.010-0.040 0.020-0.050
Nitrogen 0.015 max O.OJ5 max
0
Not applicable.
• The steel shall be calcium treated for sulfate shape control.
Note: Where"-" appears in this table. there is no requirement.

Table 9-Grade 690 [100) and 690W [IOOW] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)
Type A, TypeB, TypeC, Type E,° Type F,° Type H, Type J, TypeM, Type P,° Type Q,°
Maximum percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent percent
Thickness, 32 32 32 JOO 65 50 32 50 100 JOO
mm[in.] [11/,] [J 1/4] [11/4) [4] [2 '/~] [2] [1 1/4) [2] [4] [4]
Carbon 0.15-0.21 0.12-0.21 0.10-0.20 0.12-0.20 0.10-0.20 0.12--0.20 0.12-0.21 0.12-0.21 0.12-0.21 0.14--0.21
Manganese 0.80-1.10 0.70-1.00 I.JO-I.SO 0.40-0.70 0.60-1.00 0.95-1.30 0.45-0.70 0.45-0.70 0.45-0.70 0.95-1.30
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.()35 O.o35 O.o35 0.035 0.035 0.035 O.o35 0.035 0.035
Sulfur, max O.Q35 O.o35 O.o35 0.035 O.o35 O.o35 O.o35 O.o35 O.o35 O.o35
Silicon
Nickel
Chromium
0.40-0.80
-
0.50-0.80
0.20-0.35
-
0.40-0.65
0.15-0.30
-
-
0.20-0.40
-
1.40-2.00
0.15-0.35
0.70-1.00
0.40-0.65
0.20-0.35
0.30-0.70
0.40-0.65
0.20-0.35
-
-
0.20-0.35
1.20-1.50
-
0.20-0.35
l.20-l.50
0.85-1.20
0.15-0.35
l.20-l.50
1.00-1.50
e
Molybdenum 0.18-0.28 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.30 0.40-0.60 0.40-0.60 0.20-0.30 0.50-0.65 0.45-0.60 0.45-0.60 0.40-0.60
Vanadium - 0.03-0.08 - b 0.03-0.08 0.03-0.08 - - 0.03-0.08
Titanium - 0.01-0.03 - 0.01-0.10
Zirconium 0.05-
0.15c
Copper -- - - - 0.15-0.50
Boron 0.0025- 0.0005- 0.001- 0.001- 0.0005- 0.0005- 0.001- 0.001- 0.001-
max 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
0
Type E, F, P. and Q meet the requirements of atmospheric corrosion resistance in accordance with Section 11.1.2.
May be substituted for part or all of titanium content on a one-for-one basis.
Zirconium may be replaced by cerium. When cerium is added, the cerium'sulfur ratio should be approximately 1.5 to I, based upon heat analysis.
Notes: l. Where"-" appears in this table, there is no requirement.
2. Types A, B, C, E, F, H, J, M, P, and Qare equivalent to ASTM A 514/A 514M Grade A, B, C, E, F H, J. M, P, and Q, respectively.
 9. TENSILE REQUIREMENTS

9.1. The material as represented by test specimens, except as specified in Section 7.2, shall conform to
the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in Table 2.

9.2. For Grade 250 [36], shapes less than 645 mm2 [1 in. 2] in cross section and bars, other than flats,
less than 12.5 mm [ 1/ 2 in.] in thickness or diameter need not be subjected to tension tests by the
manufacturer.

10. IMPACT TESTING REQUIREMENTS

10.1. Non-Fracture-Critical. T, Tension Components-Structural products ordered for use as tension

components of non-fracture-critical members shall be impact tested in accordance with
T 243Mlf 243 and as given in Table 10. The test results shall meet the requirements given in
e Table 10.

10.2. Fracture-Critical, F, Tension Components-Structural products ordered for use as tension

components of fracture-critical members shall be impact tested in accordance with T 243M/T 243
and as given in Table 11. The test results shall meet the requirements given in Table 11.

10.3. Steel grades ordered for use without suffix T or F as listed in 10.1 and 10.2 do not require impact
testing and shall be used as non-tension components or secondary members only.
Table 10-Non-Fracture-Critical Tension Component Impact Test Requirements
Min Average Energy, J [ft-lbf]
Grade Thickness, mm [in.] Zone I Zone2 Zone3
250T (36T]a To 100 (4) incl 20 (15] at 21°C [70°F] 20 (15] at 4°C [40°FJ 20 [15) at-12°C [10°F]
34ST (SOT),0 ' b 34SST [50ST),0 To SO [2] incl 20 (IS) at 21°C (70'F] 20 (IS) at 4°C [40°F) 20 (15) a1-12°c [IO°FJ
345\VT [50WT)°' b
Over 50 to 100 27 (20] at 21 'C [70°F] 27 [20) at 4°C [40°F] 27 (20) at-12°C [10°F]
[2 to 4) incl
HPS 345\VT [HPS 50\VT]a. b To 100 [4] incl 27 (20) at -12°C [10°F] 27 (20] at -12°C [IO°F] 27 (20] at-12°C [10°F]

HPS 485WT [HPS 70WT(' d To 100 (4] incl 34 [25] at -23°C [-10°F] 34 (25] at-23'C [-I0°FJ 34 [25) at-23°C [-IO°F]
690T [IOOTf, 690WT [IOOWT)' To 65 (2 1/ 2) incl 34 (25) at -1 •c [30°FJ 34 [25) at-18°C (0°F) 34 (25] at -34°C [-30°FJ
Over 65 to 100 48 (35) at-I °C (30°F] 48 (35] at -IS'C (0°FJ 48 [35] at -34°C [-30°F]
[2'1, to 4) incl
HPS 690'WT [HPS IOOWT)' To 65 (2 1/ 2) incl 34 [25) at -34°C [-30°F] 34 [25) at -34'C [-30°F] 34 [25) at -34°C [-30°FJ
a The CVN-impact testing shall be at "H" frequency in accordance with T 243 M'T 243.
b If the yield point of the structural product exceeds 450 MPa [65 ksi], the testing temperature for the minimum average energy required shall be reduced by 8°C
[IS°F] for each increment of70 MPa (10 ksi] above 450 MPa [[65 ksi]. The yield point is the value given in the test report.
The CVN-impact testing shall be at "P" frequency in accordance with T 243M/T 243.
d If the yield strength of the structural product exceeds 585 MPa (85 ksi]. the testing temperature for the minimum average energy required shall be reduced by 8°C
[I S'F] for each increment of 70 MP a [I 0 ksi] above 585 MPa [85 ksi]. The yield strength is the value given in the test report.
Table 11-Fracture-Critical Tension Component Impact Test Requirements
Min Test Minimum Average Energy," J [ft-lbf]
0
Value Energy,
Grade Thickness, mm [in.) J[ft-lbf] Zone I Zone2 Zone3
2SOF [36F] To JOO [4] incl 27 [20] 34 [25) at 21°C (70°Fj 34 (25] at 4°C [40°f] 34 [25] at -I 2"C [ IO°F]
34SF [50F]b, To 50 [2] incl 27 [20] 34 [25] at 21°C [70°F] 34 [25] at 4°C (40°F] 34 [25] at -12°C [lO°F]
345SF [SOSF],
34SWF [SOWF]b
Over SO to I 00 33 [24] 41 [30] at 21°C[70°FJ 41 [30] at 4°C[40'F] 41 (30] at -I 2°C[ IO°F]
[2 to 4] incl
HPS34SWF To JOO [4] incl 33 (24] 41 (30] at-12°c [IO°FJ 41 (30] at-12°C [IO'FJ 41 (30] a1-12°C[t0°F]
[HPSSOWF]b

HPS485WF To 100 [4] incl, 38 [28] 48 [JS] at-23°C [-IO°f] 48 [35] at-2J°C (-J0°f) 48 (35) at-23°C [-J0°f]
[HPS 70VlF(
1
48 [35] at -I •c [30°FJ

e
690f [IOOF], To 65 [2 1:] incl 38 [28] 48 [35) at -I 8°C [0°FJ 48 [35] at -34°C [-30°F]
690WF
[IOOWF]
Over 65 to I 00 49 [36] 61 [45] at-1°C [30°F] 61 [45] at-18°C[0°F] Not permitted
[2'1, to 4] incl
HPS690WF To 65 [2 1/ 2] incl 38 (28] 48 [35] at -34°C [-30°FJ 48 [35] at -34°C [-30°F] Not permitted
[HPS IOOWF)

a The CVN-impact testing shall be at "P" frequency in accordance with T 243Mrf 243 except for plates of Grades 2SOF [36F], 34SF [50F], 345WF [SO\\'F], HPS
345WF [HPS SOWF], and HPS 485WF [HPS 70WF), for which the sampling shall be as follows:
I. As-rolled (including control-rolled and TMCP) plates shall be sampled at each end of each plate as-rolled.
2. Normalized plates shall be sampled at one end of each plate as-heat-treated.
3. Quenched-and-tempered plates shall be sampled at each end of each plate as-heat-treated.
If the yield point of the structural product exceeds 450 MPa (65 ksi], the testing temperature for the minimum average energy and minimum test value energy
required shall be reduced by 8°C [l5°F] for each increment of70 MPa [10 ksi] above 450 MPa [65 ksi]. The yield point is the value given in the test report.
c If the yield strength of the structural product exceeds 585 MPa [85 ksi], the testing temperature for the minimum average energy and minimum test value energy
required shall be reduced by 8°C [I 5°F] for each movement of 70 MPa (I 0 ksi] above 585 MPa [85 ksi]. The yield point is the value given in the test report.

11. BRIN ELL HARDNESS REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADES 690 (100) AND
690W[100W]

11.1. For plates 10 mm [3/ 8 in.] and under in thickness, a Brinell hardness test may be used instead of
tension testing each plate, in which case a tension test specimen shall be taken from a comer of
each of two plates per lot. A lot shall consist of plates from the same heat and thickness, same
prior condition and scheduled heat treatment and shall not exceed 15 Mg [ 15 tons] in mass
e
[weight]. A Brinell hardness test shall be made on each plate not tension tested and shall meet the
requirements shown in Table 2.

12. TEST SPECIMENS AND NUMBER OF TENSION TESTS

12.1. For Grades 250 [36), 34S [50), and 345W [SOW], and non-quenched-and-tempered Grades HPS
34SW [HPS SOW] and HPS 48SW [HPS 70W], location and condition, number of tests, and
preparation oftest specimens shall meet the requirements ofM 160M/M 160.

12.2. The following requirements which are in addition to those ofM 160M/M 160 shall apply only to
Grades 690 [100], 690W [lOOW], and HPS 690W [HSP lOOW] and quenched-and-tempered
Grades HPS 34SW [HPS SOW] and HPS 48SW [HPS 70W].

12.2.1. When possible, all test specimens shall be cut from the plate in its heat-treated condition. If it is
necessary to prepare test specimens from separate pieces, all of these pieces shall be full thickness,
and shall be similarly and simultaneously heat treated with the material. All such separate pieces
 shall be of such size that the prepared test specimens are free of any variation in properties due to
edge effects.

12.2.2. After final heat treatment of the plates, one tension test specimen shall be taken from a comer of
each plate as heat treated (except as specified in Section 11. l ).
Note 2-The term "plate" identifies the "plate as heat treated."

13. RETESTS

13.1. Grades 250 [36], 345 [50], 345S (50S], and 345W [50W], and non-quenched-and-tempered
Grades HPS 345W [HPS 50W] and HPS 485W [HPS 70W] shall be retested in accordance with
M 160M/M 160.

e 13.2. Grades 690 (100] and 690W [IOOW] plates that are subjected to Brinell hardness tests and fail to
meet the hardness requirements, at the manufacturer's option, may be subjected to tension testing
and shall be accepted ifthe results conform to the requirements of Table 2.

13.3. The manufacturer may reheat treat quenched-and-tempered plates that fail to meet the mechanical
property requirements of this specification. All mechanical property tests shall be repeated when
the material is resubmitted for inspection.

14. ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION RESISTANCE

14.1. Steels meeting this specification provide two levels of atmospheric corrosion resistance:

14.1.1. Steel grades without suffix provide a level of atmospheric corrosion resistance typical of carbon
steel without copper.

14.1.2. The steel for Grades 345W [50W], HPS 345W [HPS 50W], and HPS 485W (HPS 70W] shall
have an atmospheric corrosion resistance index of6.0 or higher, calculated from the heat analysis
in accordance with ASTM G IOI. (See Note 3.) When properly exposed to the atmosphere, these

e steels can be used bare (unpainted) for many applications. The steel for Grade 690W [IOOW] and
HPS 690W [HPS lOOW] provides an improved level of atmospheric corrosion resistance over
alloy steel without copper.
Note 3-For methods of estimating the atmospheric corrosion resistance of low-alloy steels, see
ASTM G 101. The user is cautioned that the ASTM G 101 predictive equation (Predictive Method
Based on the Data of Larabee and Coburn) for calculation of an atmospheric corrosion resistance
index has only been verified for the composition limits stated in that guide.

15. MARKING

15.1. In addition to the marking requirements ofM 160M/M 160, the structural product shall be marked
as follows:

15.1.1. For Grades 50W [345W], 100 [690], and lOOW, the composition type shall be included.

15.1.2. For structural products that conform to the requirements of Section 10.l, the letter T and the
applicable zone number (1, 2, or 3) shall follow the grade designation.
15.1.3. For structural products that conform to the requirements of Section 10.2, the letter F and the
applicable zone number (1, 2, or 3) shall follow the grade designation.

16. KEYWORDS

16.1. Alloy; atmospheric corrosion resistance; bars; bridges; carbon; fracture-critical; high-strength;
low-alloy; non-fracture-critical; plates; quenched; shapes; steel; structural steel; tempered.

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
Requirements other than those shown in this section may be specified subject to agreement
between the supplier and the purchaser. In addition, the following supplementary requirements are
also suitable for use with this specification.

S1. FREQUENCY OF TENSION TESTS e

S1.1. Tension testing that is additional to the tension testing required by M 160MIM 160 shall be made
as follows:

S1 .1.1 Plate-One tension test shall be made using a test specimen taken from each as-rolled or as-heat-
treated plate.

S1.1.2 Structural Shapes-One tension test shall be made using a test specimen taken from each 5 Mg
[5 tons] of material produced on the same mill of the same nominal size, excluding length, from
each heat of steel. Each single piece exceeding 5 Mg [5 tons] in mass [weight] shall be tested. If
shapes are heat treated, one test shall be made on specimens taken from each heat of the same
nominal size, excluding length, in each furnace lot.

S1.1.3 Bars-One tension test shall be made using a test specimen taken from each 5 Mg [5 tons] of the
same heat and same diameter or thickness ifthe material is furnished as-rolled or is heat treated in
a continuous-type furnace. For material heat treated in a noncontinuous furnace, one test shall be

S2.
taken from each heat of the same bar diameter or thickness for each furnace charge.

ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
e
S2.1. Refer to 88 ofM 160MIM 160.

S3. MAXIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH (GRADES 34S [SO], 34SW [SOW]),

AND 34SS [SOS]

S3.1. Refer to SIS ofM 160M/M 160.

 S4. FINE AUSTENITIC GRAIN SIZE

S4.1. The steel shall be killed and have a fine austenitic grain size.

-
SS. ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION RESISTANCE

S5.1. When specified, the material manufacturer shall supply to the purchaser evidence of atmospheric
corrosion resistance satisfactory to the purchaser.

S5.2. Refer to S23 ofM 160M/M 160 (applicable to Grades 250 [36], 345 [50], and 690 [100]).

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S6. LIMITATION ON WELD REPAIR (FRACTURE CRITICAL
e MATERIAL ONLY)

S6.1. Weld repair of the base metal by the material manufacturer or supplier is not permitted.
Standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are listed in
M 160M/M 160.

S7. SINGLE HEAT BUNDLES

$7 .1. Bundles containing shapes or bars shall be from a single heat of steel.

1
M 270M/M 270-08 is equivalent to A 709/A 709M-07 except for the CVN requirements for RPS 50W found in
Tables IO and 11.