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Advanced Math: Perfect Squares

Perfect square trinomials are algebraic expressions of the form x^2 + Bx + C, where B and C create a perfect square when factored. To complete a perfect square trinomial where the coefficient of x^2 is 1, the last term C must be the square of half the coefficient of x. This handout provides examples of completing perfect square trinomials, factoring them, and exercises to practice these skills.

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John Dale Amaguin
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78 views1 page

Advanced Math: Perfect Squares

Perfect square trinomials are algebraic expressions of the form x^2 + Bx + C, where B and C create a perfect square when factored. To complete a perfect square trinomial where the coefficient of x^2 is 1, the last term C must be the square of half the coefficient of x. This handout provides examples of completing perfect square trinomials, factoring them, and exercises to practice these skills.

Uploaded by

John Dale Amaguin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HANDOUT IN ADVANCED MATHEMATICS (PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIAL – A REVIEW)

Perfect square trinomials are algebraic expressions with three terms that are created by multiplying a
binomial to itself. EXAMPLE A: (x + 3)2 = (x + 3) (x + 3) = x2 + 6x + 9

COMPLETING THE Perfect Square Trinomial in the form x2 + Bx +__


When the coefficient of x2 is 1, then to make the quadratic a perfect square trinomial, we must
add a square number. The square number to be added is the square of half of coefficient of x.
EXAMPLE B: Fill in the blank to create a Perfect Square Trinomial.
1. x2 + 12x + _____
Since 1/2 of 12 is 6, and square of 6 is 36, then the last term is 36.
2
2. x + 8x + _____
Since 1/2 of 8 is 4, and square of 4 is 16, then the last term is 16.
2
3. x - 16x + _____
Since 1/2 of 16 is 8, and square of 8 is 64, then the last term is 64.
2
4. x - 5x + _____
Since 1/2 of 5 is 5/2, and square of 5/2 is 25/4, then the last term is 25/4.
2
5. x + 11x + _____
Since 1/2 of 11 is 11/2, and square of 11/2 is 121/4, then the last term is 121/4.

FACTORING THE PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIALS (PST)


in the form x2 + Bx + C
The factors of a Perfect Square Trinomial are the square of (x + half –that—coefficient of x).
EXAMPLE C: Factor – out the following Perfect Square Trinomials:
1. x2 + 12x + 36
Since 1/2 of 12 is 6, then the factors are (x+6) (x+6) or (x+6)2.
2. x2 + 8x + 16
Since 1/2 of 8 is 4, then the factors are (x+4) (x+4) or (x+4)2.
3. x2 - 16x + 64
Since 1/2 of (-16) is (-8), then the factors are (x – 8) (x – 8) or (x – 8)2.
4. x2 - 5x + 25/4
Since 1/2 of – 5 is – 5/2, then the factors are (x – 5/2)2.
5. x2 + 11x + 121/4
Since 1/2 of 11 is 11/2, then the factors are (x + 11/2)2.

EXERCISES: Complete each Perfect Square Trinomial, then factor-out:


1. x2 + 28x + _____ 4. x2 – 14x + _______
The factors are: ____________ The factors are: ___________
2. x2 + 10x + _____ 5. x2 + 9x + _______
The factors are: ____________ The factors are: ___________
3. x2 – 18x + _____ 6. x2 – 13x + _______
The factors are: ____________ The factors are: ___________

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