Reverse Osmosis and Nano-filtration Innovation for

Water Re-use

5th Water Arabia Conference and Exhibition

Safiya Alsogair
Research and Development Engineer
Dow Middle East Innovation Center (MEIC)
18 October 2017

The Dow Chemical Company

Agenda

 The Water Energy-Nexus

 Dow Water and Process Solutions Mission
 Global References
 Key Takeaways

2
By 2030,
the world’s population will reach
8.3 billion
50% more Food
45% more Energy
30% more Water

Nearly half the global population could be facing

water scarcity – demand could outstrip supply by

40%
By 2050, manufacturing’s water demands
will increase by

400%
 Dow’s Business is about Addressing World Challenges
Addressing World Challenges

By 2030, water needs There more mouths to GDP growth will continue to drive
are expected to grow will be feed by 2025 energy consumption

Of the world’s population between 2000 Demand in the

Global food demand
will live in water scarce and 2050 should next 15
will increase
regions by 2020 increase by years

Through strong collaboration and innovation at the intersections of chemistry, biology and physics, Dow
scientists are delivering the value our customers want and solutions the world needs.
Linear economy model: “take, make and dispose” of raw materials. Circular economy
Packaging Water Electronics Transportation model: “reduced,
Agriculture
Providing customers a Tackling water Enabling next-generation Contributing to Helping achieve higher
reusedthrough
and
unique ability to
collaborate with the
challenges in a
sustainable way
semiconductor and
display materials for a
to lighter, more fuel-
efficient cars
yield potential
reclaimed”
plant biotechnology raw
and
launch of Pack Studios connected world crop protection
materials.
8

4
More from Every Drop: Reduce Cost, Increase Value

point-of-source on-site discharge

RE-CLAIM RE-CYCLE RE-NEW

Source reclaimed water Increase number of cycles Upgrade for alternate use

RE-DUCE
Reduce intake fresh water

5
5
Industrial Wastewater Treatment Costs

Minimal Liquid ZLD

Primary Wastewater Reuse
Discharge (MLD)

Boil
Cost of Water Recovery ($/m3)

Secondary RO
Primary RO

0 Water Recovery (%) 70 95 100

2000 TDS (ppm) 6,666 40,000 200,000

6
Industrial Wastewater Treatment Top Needs
ZLD
Minimal Liquid
Primary Wastewater Reuse Discharge (MLD)

Cost of Water Recovery ($/m3))

Boil

Secondary RO
1 Reduce cost of water
Primary RO
2

2
1

0 Water Recovery (%) 70 95 100

2000 TDS (ppm) 6,666 40,000 200,000

Primary Wastewater Needs MLD Needs

Clean-in-Place… 1 Water Recovery 1

Water Recovery 2 Operation Reliability 2
Durability
RO Energy…
Energy
Salt Rejection Salt Rejection
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 DOW FILMTEC™ FORTILIFE™ and UHPRO (Ultra-High Pressure) RO
Elements
Designed for a Challenge.
DOW FILMTEC™ FORTILIFE™ RO Elements and the support of DOW FILMTEC™ brackish water and seawater RO elements for
seasoned Dow experts help industrial end users tackle the most upstream ultra-high pressure RO
challenging waters and applications enabling:

• Reliable performance
• Reduce water costs
• Achievable sustainability goals
• Minimal biofouling problems
• Minimal Liquid Discharge (MLD)
FORTILIFE™ CR100
FORTILIFE™ XC70
FORTILIFE™ XC80
FORTILIFE™ XC-N FO: forward osmosis
EDR: Electro Dialysis Reverse
MVR: Mechanical Recompression

8
Global References

9
Wastewater Treatment Design Recommendations

Primary Wastewater Reuse Minimal Liquid Discharge

1 - High biofouling potential 2 - High biofouling potential 3 - Brine recovery 4 - High biofouling potential
- High recovery - Minimize waste salts - Max recovery
- Low energy

FORTILIFE™ FORTILIFE™ FORTILIFE™

CR100 TDS CR100
FORTILIFE™ TDS CR100
CR100 Range TDS Range 0-
TDS Range 0-
0- 15,000 15,000
Range 15,000 ppm
0- 15,000 ppm ppm
ppm

FORTILIFE™
XC70 (1st stage) FORTILIFE™ XC70
FORTILIFE™ XC70 (1st stage)
TDS FORTILIFE™ (1st stage)
Range TDS FORTILIFE™ XC80
XC80 (2nd Stage) TDS range FORTILIFE™ XC80 Range (2nd stage)
15,000- 15,000 – (2nd stage)
70,000+ ppm 15,000 –
80,000 ppm 80,000+
ppm

Dow UHP RO
(Ultra High
FORTILIFE™ TDS range Pressure )
TDS range XC-N 100,000 –
60,000 – 200,000 ppm
100,000 ppm

10
Dow Solutions for Industrial Water Reuse – Minimal Liquid Discharge

Precipitation Processes Filtration Processes Dow Ultrafiltration Dow Ion Exchange

(e.g. Lime and/or Iron, optional) (e.g. Sand, GAC, optional) (Particle removal) (Scaling prevention)

Industrial WW

1 - 8% TDS
5 – 8%
1 – 4% To discharge, post treatment or further use
TDS
TDS 5 – 8% 10 – 20% TDS
0.05 – 1% TDS
TDS
RO 2 6 - 10% Dow Specialty Membranes
Dow FORTILIFE
RO 1
TDS Ultra High Pressure RO
XC70/XC80
DOW FORTILIFE 5 – 8%
TDS Purified brine
CR100
for further use
Ion selective membrane 4 - 6% TDS
Dow FORTILIFE
Water reuse Water reuse XC N Water reuse
< 100 mg/L TDS < 400 mg/L TDS < 1000 mg/L TDS

11
Municipal Wastewater: FORTILIFE™ CR100
Evaluation of two banks of 6 x 4” elements in series operated with matching flux and recovery.
RO Feed: TDS = 1700 mg/L; TOC = 5.9 mg/L; ATP = 46 ng/L; Nitrate = 24.9 mg/L; Phosphate = 0.4 mg/L

 29% reduction in CIP frequency

12
 Industrial Wastewater: FORTILIFE™ XC70 Brine Concentration
To improve system reliability Competitor SWRO elements in RO3 were replaced with FORTILIFE™ XC70

RO3 Feed:
Feed TDS: ~31,000 ppm CIP practice with SWRO installed:
Pretreatment: Feed TDS: 4500 ppm NaCl Feed COD: 800 ppm • Daily Caustic Cleaning at the end of the
Total Hardness: 800 ppm day. (15 mins)
Lime + Fe2SO4 Coagulation- Biological pH: 7.1 • Short CIP with Caustic followed by Acid
Treatment – C/F – Clarifier– Sand Filter– UF
after every 3 days (60 mins)
• Long CIP with EDTA + STPP+ Caustic
followed by acid after every 10 days.
(120-150 mins).

evaporator
RO1
RO2 Steam Pan
RO3 RO4 Evaporator

Combined permeate <300 ppm

TEXTILE Plant in Egypt

13
Industrial Wastewater: FORTILIFE™ XC70 Brine Concentration
first 100 days of operation providing improved system reliability
Feed Pressure (bar) Raw Permeate flow (m3/h)
70 4.00
3.50
60
3.00
50
2.50
40 2.00
30 1.50
20 1.00
10 0.50
0 0.00
0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80

Days of Operation Days of Operation

Recovery (%)
60%

CIP practice with FORTILIFE™ XC70: 50%

40%
• one CIP after 90 days of operation 30%
20%
10%
0%
0 20 40 60 80
Days of Operation

14
Industrial Wastewater: FORTILIFE™ XC70 Separation Performance
Feed TDS (ppm) Permeate TDS (ppm)
45000 1200
40000
1000
35000
30000 800
25000
600
20000
15000 400
10000
200
5000
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100
Days of Operation Days of Operation

XC70 provides excellent stable permeate quality

15
Guodian Hanchuan Power Plant in Asia
Salt Separation and Brine Concentration followed by ZLD

 This power plant is in one of the five largest national power groups in Asia.
 It is chosen as the pioneer power end user to establish Fuel Gas Desulfurization (FGD)
wastewater Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) technology.
 Six months of close cooperation between DOW and a local Original Equipment
Manufacturer (OEM) – NJ Lucency succeeded in piloting a new process while validating
the performance of the FORTILIFE XCN and XC80 products.

Process and photo by courtesy of EPC (Engineering Procurement

Construction) contractor: Beijing Lucency Environmental Tech Co,
Nanjing Branch

16
Guodian Hanchuan Power Plant in Asia
Salt Separation and Brine Concentration followed by ZLD
FGD Tubular Ion Brine High
MVR NaCl
scrubber Membrane Separation Concentration Pressure
Filter (TMF) RO

1) High salinity wastewater;

2) High suspended solids;
3) High fluoride & hardness, low alkalinity Reuse
water

BWRO

Elements Amount Process and photo by courtesy of EPC (Engineering

Unit Product Type Procurement Construction) contractor: Beijing Lucency
(pcs)
Environmental Tech Co, Nanjing Branch
Ion Separation FORTILIFETM XC-N 80
Brine concentration FORTILIFETM XC80 78
BWRO BW30-400 36

17
Guodian Hanchuan Power Plant in Asia
Salt Separation and Brine Concentration followed by ZLD

Piloting time and cleaning frequency

Piloting time /
System Cleaning Notes
days
TMF 100 1 Recovered after cleaning
NF 60 0 No normalized flow & dP change
RO 60 0 No normalized flow & dP change
DTRO 30 0 No normalized flow & dP change

Low fouling, reliable performance

Wastewater challenges:
1) High salinity wastewater;
2) High suspended solids;
3) High fluoride & hardness, low alkalinity;

Cited from Sunup presentation, Tsingdao CDA conference, 2016

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 (NH4)2SO4 Recovery from Industrial WW: DOW™ Specialty Membranes ultra-
high pressure RO

Feed 2:
TDS: 40,000 mg/L(NH4)2SO4
20m3/h

evaporator
FORTILIFE™
XC70 FORTILIFE™
Feed 2: DOW™
XC70
TDS: 4,500 mg/L(NH4)2SO4
68% UHPRO
140 m3/h 75% 70%
UHPRO Reject:
TDS: 140,000 mg/L
13m3/h
Crystalline (NH4)2SO4
as fertilizer

ROP Second pass permeate

90% <10uS/cm

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Key Takeaways

 DOW FILMTEC™ FORTILIFE™ family are designed with the

challenges of MLD in mind to provide the best membrane options
for achieving reliable high water recovery at low energy.
THE NEXT BIG THING IN
REVERSE OSMOSIS…

 DOW FILMTECTM FORTILIFE™ CR100 offers 30–50% less Reduce “Clean-in-place”

Frequency by 30% ~ 50%
cleanings
Increase Water Recovery

For Improved Water Availability

 This is observed in three waters and fouling resistant elements Reliable Operations
Low Cost Water

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Thank You.
Let’s
DOW FILMTEC™ FORTILIFE™ Product Line
Membranes to stand up to today’s water challenges.

DOW FILMTECTM Fouling Resistant Membranes FORTILIFE™ CR100

a Track Record of Leading Innovation to Tackle Challenging Water FORTILIFE™ XC70
FORTILIFE
FORTILIFE™ XC80
FORTILIFE™ XC-N
Gen 2
BW30XFR

Gen 1
BW30FR
RO Membranes
15
10
5

Zeta Potential (mV)

0
0
0.005
-5
0.01
-10
0.02
-15
0.04
-20
0.06

BW30
-25
0.08
-30
0 2 4 6 8 10

pH

Membrane chemistry
Innovations

Module design
Innovations

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Back up slides
Partnering to Address Waste Water Challenges

Bringing it all together takes partnership

• Innovation: Global and Regional
• External Partnerships: Global and Regional

o Chemistry/Science/Components Engineering
o Systems Engineering
o End users : wide range of applications from Industrial, Institutional to Municipal
o Regional Water Knowledge and Engagement

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DOW™ UHPRO (Ultra-High Pressure) reducing total treatment cost

DOW™ Specialty Membranes ultra-high pressure RO (XUS1808-series)

max operation pressure: 120 bar / 1740 psi Distinctive element construction including polysulfone permeate water tube
(@ max 30˚C); 83 bar @ 45C High pressure DOW FILMTEC™ SW30 flat sheet
Membrane area (8”): 285 sqft / 27m2 Available in 8040, 4040 and 2540 design
34 mil feed spacer Fits into standard size pressure vessels with 120 bar specification

Total Treatment Cost

Dow UHPRO reducing

total treatment cost

FO
FO FO: forward osmosis
EDR
EDR MVR EDR: Electro Dialysis Reverse
FORTILIFE™
DOW MVR MVR: Mechanical Recompression
FORTILIFE™ UHP RO
XC70/XC80
CR100

40,000 80,000 115,000

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Salinities in mg/l NaCl
Challenging water recovery: general schematic

Pretreatment

UF
MAXIMIZE
Approximate
TDS range: IX
Water for recycle

0.05-1% FORTILIFE™ CR100

2-3% FORTILIFE™ XC70/XC80

6-8% FORTILIFE™ XC-N MAXIMIZE

Pure 6-
8% NaCl
10-20% DOW™ UHP RO
Pure Brine for re-use

MINIMIZE Waste Solids

Evaporator

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