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pnfl.Gt.l.mtl t opbGuq(lgntll, pwJg wnwGg 111bgu111p: Sbgump l.flntuwrbG hnfl.t.l.w6p Ljnll.-
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qLmtu. gpbwljwG UJWmwutuwGwllll{ntpjmGpg wqw111bl(!, UJWUldpg wqw111bL[!, hwllw-
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Pwdftli 5: UCi!wtllwhwuGb('lp QpbwljwG utwmwutuwuwllll).ntpJwG L. utwmdp w-
Ppliwftpwt/wqwli finpdo t/Wfi.RWq6ft qwlinfi t, npo UJt/JWL hwuwpwqwqwfi hwpw
nwGMwhwlll~ntpJmGGbnn: Pwflljwgwo t llblj OntjOwGmG q.Lfuflg:
plipmpJmfiO/ipft dwuOwqpgfilipftli UlfiWdWQflnld t ftpwt/wpwfiwqwli ftpwtJmfipfilip j
Pwdftli 6: ~dzljwljwG pGmJPP hwp~Wfl.flWGgp llf12ngGbp: ntGfl llblj GnLJGwGmG
fipwlig tJpw !J.limd ftpwtJwpwfiwqwfi IJIWfiUIWqwlimp]nLiifilip : UJfl. Gnpllb[l~ 14w
1
q.Lmtu:
P[lbwljw(i O[lbGuqpgfl =!w111nLl.r llwunul Gljwnwq.pl{ntll bO hwOgwq.npbntpJmGGb-
11~ LjnOLjpbm 111buwljOtno L. uwhllwGqmll bO llPWUQ hwllwp Owtuw111buqwb L4W111dp 1 Sbu· YrOJI.OBHOe n:pa:so. 0611\a!l qacTL. H3A- rpynna. HOPMA-YIH<liPA. M. M., 1999, c. 30:
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32 3-6
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hoq4w6n ll!W(10LGwljmo t oblj Gnpll): i"'ppL. O(lpGwlj ljW(lOI'} t 6wnwjl:i
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2. ~pbwppw4wljwG GopO[! ~L.wljb(lll!4.oul t Q(lbwljwG opbGuq.pQp llp QWGp hoq·
4.w6Gbpmli: O(lpGwlj, qpmw4.o(1JWL Ull!WUnLPJWG !lwup(i Gopli[! ~L.wljb(lll!·
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Oi up Goru potnp bpbQ mwppbpp mbpupGwpwGwljwG Gljwrwq.p(l iP pn4.wuqwljmu
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uwup hnq4.w6Gbpmll iliwG uwGljgpwGbr L. hw6wtu· uwL. hpll.lopbq: =lwmmlj uwup
hoq4.w6Gbp[! hpll.lnpbqp hw(lg(! «LDnLJ)JWG bG uwmGbp>: nLUmp QpbwljwG ppw4.mG-
QnLU [!GqmG4.w6 t b(lljwGqwu qwuwljwpq.mlln' JlPUll.lnqpgpw t... uwGljgpw, pbt... WJil
4wr6pQG tt wG!lplibtP it: nrn2 hbl'}pGwljGb(l 4.p6wpljnul l:iG Qpbwppw!lwljwu Gnror
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wuw6, JlPUillnqpgpwG Qpbwppw4.wljwG Gnpllp WJU owuG t. nrmo Gljwrwq.r4.mll b(i
ljnG4JlbU1 hwGgwq.nJ16ntpjwG hwm4wGpzGbp[!: Swpphp4.mrl bG JlPUillnqpgpwjp !OPU
mbuwljGbp:
1. =Jwuwpw" fJ./IUUfnq/lg/lw. uw JlPUL.4nqpgpwJp WJU mbuwlju t. npmu hwGgwq.nr-
6mpJwG wG4.wGmun mr4.mrl t, pwJg llflW hwlilljwGp2Gbfl[! j_bG Gljwpwq.r4.mll ljwo
pwgwhwJm4.mll : UJJllliPUP JlPUL.4nqpgpwGbp[! Gnl]GQwG uwljw4. bG hwuqpll.lmO,
O(lQWU hwrl[!UJlhWUnL(l 6wGWinLO q.mw6 (wG4.p6btp) WJU U10(1UpGGh(l[!, nrnGg pn-
4.WUJ1WljntpjntGG wljGhWJlil t L. L.4WJlqWpwGmuub(l iP 11.1WhWG2ntrl: 'l-pulllnqpgpWJp
WJU mbuwljG opbuuqpp[! ljppwnmll t WJG qbll!QnLO, hpp hpllQbp ljwG bGpwq(lbtm. pb
hwGgwq.op6mpjnLU[!, PUill!bU GwL. qpw wG4.wGntrl[! hwGpw6wGwj_ b(j t... wuhrw-

1
S bu' CMHpllOB B. r. <l>yHIUIHH COBeTCKOro yroii.ODIIOI'O npana . .1\.eHHHI'pil,ll.. 1965, c. 35-42:
34
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uwg4_w6 ll~Utqnq~ghwli: Ujutqbu IJ(j ljnj_4_mll llhu~.qnqhg~WJh WJU Lilbuwljubp[!, npn(jl
OdLI14_w6 IJ(j PLWuljblilWJhli ljwll hbu4_n'l. llhu~.qnq~ghwJh L. npL.t WJL llhu~.qnqhghwJt
hwlilljw lihzlibpn4_:
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hpwdbzlil lllWZLiltqwlimJ)JWu uwhllwliwqwligllwllp (hbu4_mtl t C!ullhwlimp llwu~ WJli
hnll4.w6h 4_pw, npo uwhllwumll t wuhpwdbzlil ~.qwzlil~.qwlimf}Jwli uwhllwliwqwli-
gmllo) ljwlilwp4_w6 u~.qwGmJ)JnLli[! (hwuwpwlj llhu~.qnqhghwJh Lilwpp):
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lllL.JWLmbuwljlibp[!. pwgwpllwlj wlinpnz, pwgwpllwlj npnzwljh, hwpwpbpwljwlinpbu
npnzwljh L. WJL[!lililpwliQWJhu (bpljolimpbLh):
1. Pwgwfldwft wtinf1n2 uwtiftg/lwfi i~ uzmll nj_ tqWLildh mbuwljo, nj_ tL !Wtho:
q.np6n11 Qpbwljwli opbliullll"LJ)JWu llb2 WJiltqhu~ uwliljghwubp j_ljwu: Pw-
gwpllwlj wunpnz uwuljghwubpo llbp bpljp~ ~.qwmllmf}JWli llb2 wuljw t~li
hbmhb'l.Wthn/lJwljw(j 2112Wlih WllW2h(j unpllwmh4_ Wljlllbpmll: ubpljWjnLtlU
pwgwpllwlj Wunpnz UWuljghwubp ljw(j llhWJU hwugwqnpOnLJ)JWli WJU ljwtl
WJli Lilbuwlj~ llbll~.qwmwphli (i4_~p4_w6 llh2wqqwJhu lqWJilwliwqpbpntll:
2. Pwgw{1dwft nf1n2Wft/1 uwtiftg/lwfi uwhllwuntll t ~.qwmdh ljnuljpbm Lilbuwlj L.
j_Wijl: UJillq~uh uwuljghwu muh hblllL.JWL llL.wljbptqntll[!. « ... lqWllld4_mll t
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op~liwlj t ,, 1961 f). Qp. op-h 272 hnll4.w6mtl qbmb'l.4.W6[!. 4.w/1Jljnmmf}Jwli ljwll
ijlnQpnqntf}JWU tqwm6wun4_ljwlln4.hli qbph hwlillu4_bl[!" IJIWUJdt/md I dwhwutwUJdnt/
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nph hbm ljw~.q4_w6 ljwpblh t wuwlidliwglibL hwpwpbpwljwunpbli npnzwlj~
uwuljghwJh bpbQ mbuwljubp.
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1
Sb13" ConeTcKoe yro.II.OBHoe IIpiiBo. 06m;aJI: 'IaCTh. 113A-Bo MIY, 1988, c. 32: 1
Sbu" YI"<l.ll.oBnoe IIpaBO, 06 m:~ ~ •n- M ·• 1999' c. 32:
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nplljbuqp 'lflWli~ IJ.WIJ.Wflbglibli ppblig qnp6nll.nLPJnLli[!, wlihpwdb2111 t opbliUIJ.Pfl
llwplllip nnn2mllo: UJu pllwumntl gpbw4wli opbli~p mdo 4npglibLm WJU hpllgo, llbp
4wnor~ntl. pliglimpmJli li2wliw4mpJmli ~mlip, wnllmLtlmll t liwtlmfl'l hpllgbpp hbm:
dwtlwuwftft IJUpwgpmtl pf1bwftwu Of1GUJJft Obf1Q.nf16nLpJWU UI/IU[bf11J." Ulihpw-
db2111 t wuwlidliwglibL dwllwliw4r olipwggmll gpbw4wli opbligp libpqnp6mpJWli
bpbg mp~bfl (u4qpmli~libp). wlihw~Wil libpqnp6mpJmli, nLllllf1WW4111tJtlmpjmli 4wll
opbli~p qbpw~pmll, ubmpnw4mtJtlmpJmli 4wll opbli~p hblllWIJ.WflCI md:
UuhUJU[UJI] libpqnp6mpjwli (qnp6nll.nLPJWli) u4qpmli~[! li2wliw4mll t, np mdp
llb2 llmw6 opbligo qnpomll t llpwJli «WilW2» l.t rn libpqnp6mpJmlio mwpwomll t
llpwJli WJli hwuwpw4w4wli hwpwpbpmpJmlilibpp (hwligwqnp6mpJmuubpp) ijpw,
npnlig owqbL bu (4wmwntlbL bu) WJ'l opbli~li mdp llb2 llmubLmQ hbmn:
unp opbu~p wlihw~Wil. qnp6nll.nLPJnLli[! dwllwliw4tJ [!upwg~mll opbu~p linp-
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fl'l hn1J.tlw6p hwllwdwJli, «Upwp~p hwligwijnpmpjmlio l.t ~wmdbLPnLPJnLU[! npn2t!mll
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f1nll t hWJillup atJubL ~(j(j~w4wli llwpllplilibppli: UtlbLtJli, wuqwll hwugwu~[! 4wmw-
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tlw6 tL wliglip, npgwli ~pbw4wu opbu~libp tL tflntutlbli' ~bmg t 4rnwntlr hwugwu~
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flbUif1flUII{Uiftt/nLpjnLU (liUIQ.flf16nLU) 4wll hbUIUIIJ.Uif1d nLd WUDLntl hwu4wgijmll t
unp ~pbw4wu opbligp qnp6nll.nLPJWli mwpw6mll[! (libpqnp6mpjnLU[!) WJU hwligw-
qnp6mpjmlilibpp ijpw, npnu~ 4wmwptlbL bu IJ.bnl.tu llpu~l.t upw mdp llb2 llmlibL[!,
WJUpli~li hpli opbligp qnp6nll.nLPJWli dwllwuw4: S2pbw4wli opbliuqpgp 13-fl'l hn1J.t!W-
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Upwp~p hwligwijnpmpJmfi[! uwhllwlin11.. ~wmpd[! tuumwglin11. 4wll hwfigwli~
4W111Wf1WO wlidp ijp6w4li WJL 4bfl~ ijwmpwpwglinll. OflDUQ[! hblllWIJ.WflCl md ~mfip:
'TlwmwufuwliwmijmpJnLli[! llwuliw4tJnpbli llb11.llwglinll. l.t llpwdwllwliw4 ~w­
mwufuwuwmijmpjnLli[! llwuliw4pnpbli tuumwglin11. opbli~[! hblllWIJ.Wfld md mup
llpwJO WJli llwunij, np[! llb11.llwglimll t ~wmwufuwliwmijmpJmlio»:
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39
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3 1 Utlbt~ llwupwllwuli UJbu' J\eoB.'11oeB A. H. Tio~HOCTH, MOTHBU u aMOllHH. M., 1971:
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1
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