Proving Two Triangles are Step 3.

Write down the statements

Congruent and the reasons in a two-column
proof. Make sure the last
Find My Match! statement contains what should be
Directions: Match each postulate proved.
or theorem in Column A with its
corresponding illustration in
Column B. Example #1.
Prove that Δ𝑅𝐴𝑊≅Δ𝑅𝑆𝐷.

Step 1. Identify what the given

are and what is to be proved.

Given: 𝐴𝑅≅𝑆𝑅,𝑊𝑅≅𝐷𝑅
Prove: Δ𝑅𝐴𝑊≅Δ𝑅𝑆𝐷

Step 2. Identify the congruence

theorem to be used and the
additional information needed and
why.

∠𝑊𝑅𝐴 and ∠𝐷𝑅𝑆 are vertical angles

so they are congruent by Vertical
Angle Theorem, hence SAS
congruence postulate can be used
to prove Δ𝑅𝐴𝑊≅Δ𝑅𝑆𝐷.

Step 3. Write down the statements

and the reasons in a two-column
proof. Make sure the last
statement contains what should be
Steps in Proving Congruence of Two proved.
Triangles
Two-column proof:
Step 1. Identify what the given Statement Reasons
are, and what is to be proved. 1.𝐴𝑅≅𝑆𝑅, 𝑊𝑅≅𝐷𝑅 1. Given
2. ∠𝑊𝑅𝐴 and ∠𝐷𝑅𝑆 2. Definition of
Step 2. Identify the congruence are vertical angles vertical angles
3. ∠𝑊𝑅𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷𝑅𝑆 3. Vertical Angle
theorem to be used and the
Theorem
additional information need and 4. Δ𝑅𝐴𝑊≅Δ𝑅𝑆𝐷 4. SAS Congruence
why. Postulate
Example #2. Example #3.
Prove that Δ𝑅𝐸𝐶≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅 Prove that Δ𝐷𝑂𝐺≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑇

Step 1. Identify what the given

are and what is to be proved.
Given: _________________________
Given: 𝑅𝐸≅𝐶𝐴, 𝐸𝐶≅𝐴𝑅
Prove: Δ𝑅𝐸𝐶≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅 Prove: _________________________

Step 2. Identify the congruence

theorem to be used and the Additional Information:
additional information needed and
why.

𝐶𝑅 is the common side of Δ𝑅𝐸𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑

Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅, so by reflexive property.
Hence, SSS postulate can be used
to prove Δ𝑅𝐸𝐶≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅 because each Two-column Proof:
of the three sides of ΔREC is
congruent respectively to the Statement Reasons
1. 𝐷𝑂≅𝐶𝐴, 1. Given
three sides of ΔCAR.
∠𝐷≅∠𝐶,
∠𝐺≅∠𝑇
Step 3. Write down the statements 2. Δ𝐷𝑂𝐺≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑇 2. AAS Congruence
and the reasons in a two-column Theorem
proof. Make sure the last
statement contains what should be Statement Reasons
proved. 1. 𝐷𝑂≅𝐶𝐴, 1. Given
∠𝐷≅∠𝐶,
∠𝐺≅∠𝑇
Two-column proof: 2. Definition of
2. 𝑚∠𝐷=𝑚∠𝐶
Statement Reasons 𝑚∠𝐺=𝑚∠𝑇 Congruent Angles
1. 𝐸≅𝐶𝐴 , 𝐸𝐶≅𝐴𝑅 1. Given 3.𝑚∠𝐷+𝑚∠𝑂+𝑚∠𝐺=180 3. Angle Sum
2. 𝐶𝑅≅ 𝐶𝑅 2. Reflexive 𝑚∠𝐶+𝑚∠𝐴+𝑚∠𝑇=180 Theorem In a
Property triangle
3. Δ𝑅𝐸𝐶≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅 3. SSS Congruence 4a). 4. Addition
Postulate 𝑚∠𝑂=180−𝑚∠𝐷−𝑚∠𝐺 Property of
4b). Equality
𝑚∠𝐴 =180−𝑚∠𝐶−𝑚∠𝑇
5. 5. Substitution
𝑚∠𝐴 =180−𝑚∠𝐷−𝑚∠𝐺 Property
6. 𝑚∠𝑂= 𝑚∠𝐴 6. Transitive
Property of
Equality
7. Δ𝐷𝑂𝐺≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑇 7. ASA Congruence
Postulate
Example #4. Given: _________________________
Prove that Δ𝐴𝑅𝐺≅Δ𝐴𝑀𝑆.
Prove: _________________________

Additional Information:

Two-column Proof:
Given: _________________________ Statement Reasons
1. 𝑈≅𝑅𝐴, ∠𝑀≅∠𝑃 1. Given
Prove: _________________________ 2. ∠𝐺 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝑅 are 2. Given
right angles
3. ∠𝐺 ≅ ∠𝑅 3. Right Angle
Additional Information: Theorem
4. 𝐺𝑈 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝐴 are 4. Definition of
legs of the right leg of a right
triangles. triangle
Leg is a side of a
right triangle
opposite an acute
Two-column Proof: angle.
5. ∠𝑅𝐴𝐺 ≅ ∠𝑀𝐴𝑆 5. Acute angle in
Statement Reasons a right triangle
1. 𝐴≅𝑀𝐴 1. Given is opposite to a
2. ∠𝐺 and ∠𝑆 are right 2. Given leg.
angles 6. Δ𝐺𝑈𝑀≅Δ𝑅𝐴𝑃 6. AAS Congruence
3. ∠𝐺 ≅ ∠𝑆 3. Right Angle Theorem
Theorem 7. Δ𝐺𝑈𝑀≅Δ𝑅𝐴𝑃 7. LA Congruence
4. ∠𝑅𝐴𝐺 and ∠𝑀𝐴𝑆 4. Definition of Theorem
are vertical Vertical Angles
angles
Example #6.
5. ∠𝑅𝐴𝐺 ≅ ∠𝑀𝐴𝑆 5. Vertical Angle
Theorem Prove that Δ𝐵𝐴𝐺≅Δ𝐶𝑂𝑃
6. Δ𝐴𝑅𝐺≅Δ𝐴𝑀𝑆 6. AAS Congruence
Theorem

Example #5.
Prove that Δ𝐺𝑈𝑀≅Δ𝑅𝐴𝑃.

Given: _________________________

Prove: _________________________
Additional Information:
Two-column Proof:
Statement Reasons
1. R is the 1. Given
midpoint of 𝑨𝑼
2. A and ∠U are 2. Given
right angles
3. 𝐴𝑅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅≅𝑅𝑈 3. Definition of
Two-column Proof: Midpoint
Statement Reasons 4. ∠𝐴≅∠𝑈 4. Right-Angle
1. Given Theorem
1. 𝐴≅𝐶𝑂 , 𝐵𝐺≅𝐶𝑃
5. ∠𝐵𝑅𝐴 and ∠𝐹𝑅𝑈 5. Definition of
2. Δ𝐴𝐵𝐺 𝑎𝑛𝑑 Δ𝑂𝐶𝑃 2. Given
are vertical Vertical Angles
are right
triangles angles
3. ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐶 are 3. Given in the 6. ∠BRA≅∠FRU 6. Vertical Angle
right angles figure. Theorem
Definition of 7. Δ𝐵𝐴𝑅≅Δ𝐹𝑈𝑅 7.ASA Congruence
right triangle. Postulate
4. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶 4. Right-Angle
Theorem Example #8.
5. 𝐵𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶𝑂, 𝐵𝐺 5. Legs are sides
of a right Prove that Δ𝐻𝑂𝐸≅Δ𝑀𝑂𝐸.
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶𝑃 are pairs
triangle opposite
of corresponding
the acute angles.
legs of the right
triangles
6. Δ𝐵𝐴𝐺≅Δ𝐶𝑂𝑃 6. LL Congruence
Theorem

Example #7.
Prove that Δ𝐵𝐴𝑅≅Δ𝐹𝑈𝑅.
Given: _________________________

Prove: _________________________

Additional Information:

Given: _________________________
Two-column Proof:
Prove: _________________________ Statement Reasons
1. 𝑶≅𝑴𝑶 , 𝑯𝑬≅𝑴𝑬 1. Given
2. 𝑂𝐸≅𝑂𝐸 2. Reflexive
Additional Information: Property
3. 𝑶≅𝑴𝑶 , 𝑯𝑬≅𝑴𝑬 3. SSS Congruence
Postulate
SELF CHECK !!! Additional Information:

Try to prove the following

triangle congruence.

1. Prove that Δ𝐵𝐴𝑅 ≅ ΔHUG. Two-column Proof:

Statement Reasons
B H 1. ΔCLB and ΔRUM 1. Given
are right
triangles
2. CL ≅ RU 2. Given
∠A ≅ ∠X
3. ∠L 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠U are 3. Definition of
right angles right angle
A R U G 4. ∠L ≅ ∠U 4. Right-Angle
Theorem
5. ΔCLB ≅ ΔRUM 5. AAS Congruence
Given: _________________________ Theorem
Prove: _________________________
3. Prove that Δ𝐵𝐸𝐶 is an isosceles
Additional Information: triangle.

Two-column Proof:
Statement Reasons
1. Δ𝐵𝐴𝑅≅ΔHUG are 1. Given
Given: _________________________
right triangles
2. Given Prove: _________________________
2. 𝐵𝐴≅ HU
𝐵R≅ HG
3. ∠A 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠U are 3. Definition of Additional Imformation:
right angles right angle
4. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶 4. Right-Angle
Theorem
5. 𝐵𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 HU, BR 5. Legs are sides
of a right Two-column Proof:
𝑎𝑛𝑑 HG are pairs
of corresponding
triangle opposite Statement Reasons
the acute angles. 1. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐵 1. Given
legs of the right
triangles 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐷C
6. SAS Congruence ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶≅∠𝐶𝐷𝐵
6. 𝐵𝐴𝐺≅Δ𝐶𝑂𝑃
Postulate 2. Δ𝐵𝐴𝐶≅Δ𝐶𝐷𝐵 2. Isosceles
Triangle Theorem
3. ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵≅∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 3. CPCTC
2. Prove that ΔCLB ≅ ΔRUM. 4. 𝐵𝐸≅𝐶𝐸 4. SAS Congruence
C M
Postulate
U 5. Δ𝐵𝐸𝐶 is an 5. Definition of
isosceles triangle Isosceles Triangle

L B R
Given: _________________________
Prove: _________________________
 Proving Statements on Triangle Proof:
Congruence Statement Reasons
1. ∠A≅∠D 1. _____________
(What is the
Try & Learn!!
reason?)
2. B is the midpoint 2. _____________
1. Given: ∎CARE is a square and 𝐶𝑅 of AD̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅. (What is the
is its diagonal reason?)
3. AB ≅ BD 3. _____________
Prove: Δ𝐶𝐸𝑅≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅 (Based on 2nd
statement, what
mathematical
concept
justifies the
3rd statement?)
4. ∠ABE and ∠DBC are 4. _____________
vertical angles (What
mathematical
concept that
supports the 4th
statement?)
5. ∠ABE≅∠DBC 5. _____________
(What theorem
justifies the
Proof: 5th statement?)
6. ΔABE≅ΔDBC 6. _____________
Statement Reasons (What postulate
1. _________________ 1. Given or theorem
(What is given?) justifies that
2.__________________ 2. Definition of Δ𝐴𝐵𝐸≅Δ𝐷𝐵𝐶?)
(What can you say Square
about the sides of
the square?)
3.__________________ 3. Reflexive Proving Statements on Triangle
(What statement can Property Congruence
show the triangle
congruence as
justified by the Triangles are classified according
reason?) to sides and angles. Some
4. Δ𝐶𝐸𝑅≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅 4. _____________
(What theorem or
triangles have characteristics
postulate that come from both
justifies classifications like scalene right
Δ𝐶𝐸𝑅≅Δ𝐶𝐴𝑅?) triangle and isosceles right
triangle. Figure 1 is an example
2. Given: B is the midpoint of AD. of scalene right triangle. Aside
∠A≅∠D from having a right angle, no two
Prove: ΔABE≅ΔDBC sides are congruent while
isosceles right triangle as shown
in Figure 2 has congruent legs.
First, let us review the parts of
the scalene right and isosceles
right triangle.
 Let us try to prove the congruence
The table shows the use of of overlapping triangles.
corresponding parts of scalene
right triangle and isosceles right Example #1.
triangle in proving that two Consider the given overlapping
triangles are congruent. After scalene right triangles.
proving that the two triangles are
congruent, we can also say that Given: 𝐷𝐴⊥𝐴𝐵;
the other corresponding parts of 𝐶𝐵⊥𝐴𝐵;
the congruent triangles are 𝐷𝐵≅𝐶𝐴
congruent (CPCTC). Here are some Prove: ∠ADB≅∠BCA
examples.
Proof:
Statement Reasons
1.___________________ 1. Given
(What is the first
Given statement?
2. __________________ 2. Definition of
(If 𝐷𝐴 ⊥ 𝐴𝐵, then Perpendicular
what kind of angle is Lines
formed? What is the
name of the angle
formed?)
3. 𝐶𝐵 ⊥ 𝐴𝐵 3. Given
4. ∠CBA is a right 4.
angle _______________
(Based on the3rd
statement, what
do you think is
the reason for
the 4th
statement?)
5. ___________________________ 5. Right Angle
(In the 2nd and 4th Theorem
statements, formulate
a statement based on
the right-angle
theorem)
6. _________________ 6. Definition of
(If ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐶𝐵𝐴 right Triangle
are right angles,
what kind of triangle
is Δ𝐷𝐴𝐵 and Δ𝐶𝐵𝐴?)
The pairs of triangles shown in 7. Reflexive
7. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐵
the table are congruent. However, Property
not all problems involving 8. __________________ 8. Given
congruent triangles looked like (What is the third
given statement?
the examples above. We also have 9. Δ𝐷𝐴𝐵≅Δ𝐶𝐵𝐴 9. _____________
overlapping triangles that can (Based from
also be proven congruent. Other statements 1 to
8, what theorem
problems may be presented like the can be used to
figures below. prove that the
 two triangles
are congruent?)
10. ∠ADB≅∠BCA 10. ____________
(After proving
the two
triangles are
congruent, what
statement can
justify that the
other
corresponding
parts are
congruent?

Solution: (Complete Proof)

Statement Reasons
1. 𝑫𝑨 ⊥𝑨𝑩 1. Given Proof:
2. ∠𝑫𝑨𝑩 is a 2. Definition Statements Reasons
right angle of 1. 𝑉𝑆⊥𝐴𝐸̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ 1. Given
Perpendicular 2. _______________ 2. Definition of
(What kind of Perpendicular
Lines angles are formed Lines
3. 𝐶𝐵 ⊥ 𝐴𝐵 3. Given when 𝑉𝑆 ⊥ 𝐴𝐸)
4. ∠𝐶𝐵𝐴 is a 4. Definition 3. ∠𝐴𝑆𝑉≅∠𝐸𝑆𝑉 3. _______________
right angle of (Theorem that
Perpendicular states: All right
angles are
Lines congruent)
5. ∠𝑫𝑨𝑩 ≅ ∠𝑪𝑩𝑨 5. Right Angle 4. _______________ 4. Given
Theorem (This statement is
6. Δ𝑫𝑨𝑩 ≅ Δ𝑪𝑩𝑨 6.Definition OF found in the
Right Triangle given.)
5. 𝐸𝑆 ≅ 𝐴𝑆 5. Definition of
7. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐵 7. Reflexive Midpoint
8. 𝑫𝑩 ≅ 𝑪𝑨 8. Given 6. V𝑆≅ 𝑉𝑆 6. _______________
9. Δ𝐷𝐴𝐵 ≅ Δ𝐶𝐵𝐴 9. HyL (What property of
congruence that
Congruence states any figure
Theorem is congruent to
10. ∠ADB ≅ ∠BCA 10. CPCTC itself)
7. 7. SAS Congruence
Postulate
8. A𝑉≅𝐸𝑉 8. CPCTC
9. Δ𝐴𝑉𝐸 is an 9. _______________
Example #2. isosceles triangle (Based on the 9th
statement, state
Complete the proof below by the reason that
justifies that
considering the given clue in each Δ𝐴𝑉𝐸 is an
missing statements and reasons. isosceles
triangle.)
Consider the figure at the right,
Δ𝐴𝑉𝐸 is a right triangle and
𝑉𝑆̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅⊥𝐴𝐸̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅. 𝑆 is the midpoint Solution: (Complete Proof)
of 𝐴𝐸̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅. Prove that Δ𝐴𝑉𝐸 is an
Statements Reasons
isosceles triangle.
1. 𝑉𝑆⊥𝐴𝐸̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ 1. Given
2. ∠𝑨𝑺𝑽 and ∠𝑬𝑺𝑽 2. Definition of
are right angles Perpendicular
Lines
3. ∠𝐴𝑆𝑉≅∠𝐸𝑆𝑉 3. Right Angle
Theorem
4. 𝑺 is a midpoint 4. Given Example #4.
of 𝑨𝑬
5. 𝐸𝑆 ≅ 𝐴𝑆 5. Definition of
Midpoint Given: 𝐷𝐵 ≅𝑂𝑌, ∠1≅∠2
6. V𝑆≅ 𝑉𝑆 6. Reflexive Prove: 𝑂𝐵 ≅ 𝐷𝑌
Property
7. Δ𝑨𝑽𝑺≅Δ𝑬𝑽𝑺 7. SAS Congruence
Postulate
8. A𝑉≅𝐸𝑉 8. CPCTC
9. Δ𝐴𝑉𝐸 is an 9. Definition of
isosceles triangle Isosceles Triangle

Example #3.

Given: ∠𝐷≅∠𝐵, ∠𝐷𝐴𝐶≅∠𝐵𝐶𝐴

Prove: ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷≅∠𝐶𝐴𝐵 Proof:
Statement Reasons
1. _____________ 1. Given
(What are the
given statements?)
2. ______________ 2. Reflexive
(Which side of Property
Δ𝐵𝑂𝑌 and Δ𝑌𝐷𝐵 is
common?)
3. _______________ 3. SAS Congruence
(What are the Postulate
congruent
Proof: triangles based
Statement Reasons on the previous
1. _____________ 1. Given statements?)
(What are the
given statements?) 4. ______________ 4. CPCTC
2. 𝐴𝐶 ≅𝐴𝐶 2. Reflexive (What is to be
Property
proven?)
3. Δ𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ Δ𝐶𝐵𝐴 3. ______________
(Based on the
statements, what Solution: (Complete Proof)
theorem can
justify
Statement Reasons
Δ𝐴𝐷𝐶≅Δ𝐶𝐵𝐴?)
1. 𝑫𝑩 ≅ 𝑶𝒀 1. Given
4. ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐴𝐵 4.
__________________ ∠𝟏 ≅ ∠𝟐
(What can justify 2. 𝑩𝒀 ≅ 𝑩𝒀 2. Reflexive
the congruence of Property
the corresponding 3. Δ𝑩𝑶𝒀 ≅ Δ𝒀𝑫𝑩 3. SAS Congruence
parts of congruent Postulate
triangles?) 4. 𝑶𝑩 ≅ 𝑫𝒀 4. CPCTC

Solution: (Complete Proof)

Statement Reasons
1. ∠𝑫≅∠𝑩 1. Given
∠𝑫𝑨𝑪≅∠𝑩𝑪𝑨
2. 𝐴𝐶 ≅𝐴𝐶 2. Reflexive
Property
3. Δ𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ Δ𝐶𝐵𝐴 3. AAS Congruence
Theorem
4. ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐴𝐵 4. CPCTC