C#.

NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

UNIT - 3
Introduction to VB.NET
Maneuverings the Toolbar Auto-hide

Docking: Docking refers to how much space you want the control to take up on the form. If you dock a
control to the left of the form, it will stretch itself to the height of the form, but its width will stay the same.

Undocking: to move away from a dock (as at sailing time).

Placing and Resizing the Windows Forms: Resize with the designer by dragging either the right edge, bottom
edge, or the corner, you can resize the form. The second way you can resize the form while the designer is open,
is through the properties pane. Select the form, then find the Properties pane in Visual Studio. Scroll down to size
and expand it.

Properties Window and Solution Explorer

Solution Explorer Window

The Solution Explorer window contains a list of the items

in the current solution. A solution can contain multiple projects,
and each project can contain multiple items. The Solution
Explorer displays a hierarchical list of all the components,
organized by project. You can right-click any component of the
project and choose Properties in the context menu to see the
selected component’s properties in the Properties window. If you
select a project, you will see the Project Properties dialog box. You will find more information on project
properties in the following chapter.

Properties Window

This window (also known as the Properties Browser)

displays all the properties of the selected component and its
settings. Every time you place a control on a form, you switch
to this window to adjust the appearance of the control.

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Steps in Writing an Event Procedure

Writing an event procedure involves the following steps:

1. Right-click the mouse on the control you want to create an event procedure for and select Edit Event Procedure
from the pop-up menu.
2. Choose the action (event) you want to associate with the control from the secondary pop-up menu that appears.
The Power COBOL Editor window will appear.
3. In the Editor window, 'drag and drop' related controls and write the COBOL statements to describe the actions
associated with the selected control or form. You can also select potential properties and methods to be applied
to the control or form. See "Writing an Event Procedure" and "Inserting Properties and Methods" for more
details on writing event procedures.
4. Save and close the Editor window to save the event procedure.

Keywords

A keyword is a reserved word with special meanings in the compiler, whose meaning cannot be changed.
Therefore, these keywords cannot be used as an identifier in VB.NET programming such as class name, variable,
function, module, etc.

In visual basic, there are two types of Keywords.

• Reserved Keywords
• Unreserved Keywords
• Reserved keywords cannot be used as names for programming elements such as variables, procedures, etc.
You can bypass this restriction by enclosing the name in brackets ([]).
• Here is the list of the most commonly used reserved keywords.

AddHandler AddressOf Alias And AndAlso As

Boolean ByRef Byte ByVal Call Case

Catch CBool CByte CChar CDate CDbl

CDec Char CInt Class CLng CObj

Const Continue CSByte CShort CSng CStr

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CType CUInt CULng CUShort Date Decimal

Declare Default Delegate Dim DirectCast Do

Double Each Else ElseIf End EndIf

Enum Erase Error Event Exit False

Finally For For Each…Next Friend Function Get

GetType GetXMLNamespace Global GoSub GoTo Handles

If Implements Imports In Inherits Integer

Interface Is IsNot Let Lib Like

Long Loop Me Mod Module MustInherit

MustOverride MyBase MyClass Namespace Narrowing New

Next Not Nothing NotInheritable NotOverridable Object

Of On Operator Option Optional Or

OrElse Out Overloads Overridable Overrides ParamArray

Partial Private Property Protected Public RaiseEvent

ReadOnly ReDim REM RemoveHandler Resume Return

SByte Select Set Shadows Shared Short

Single Static Step Stop String Structure

Sub SyncLock Then Throw To True

Try TryCast TypeOf…Is UInteger ULong UShort

Using Variant Wend When While Widening

With WithEvents WriteOnly Xor #Const #Else

#ElseIf #End #If

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Unreserved Keywords

Unreserved keywords can be used as names for your programming elements. However, it is not
recommended because it can make your code hard to read and can lead to subtle errors that can be difficult to
find.

Aggregate Ansi Assembly Async Auto Await

Binary Compare Custom Distinct Equals Explicit

From Group By Group Join Into IsFalse IsTrue

Iterator Join Key Mid Off Order By

Preserve Skip Skip While Strict Take Take While

Text Unicode Until Where Yield #ExternalSource

#Region

VB.NET Data Type

In VB.NET, data type is used to define the type of a variable or function in a program. Furthermore, the
conversion of one data type to another type using the data conversion function.

A Data Type refers to which type of data or value is assigning to a variable or function so that a variable
can hold a defined data type value. For example, when we declare a variable, we have to tell the compiler what
type of data or value is allocated to different kinds of variables to hold different amounts of space in computer
memory.

Syntax: Dim Variable_Name as DataType

VariableName: It defines the name of the variable that you assign to store values.

DataType: It represents the name of the data type that you assign to a variable.

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Different Data Types and their allocating spaces in VB.NET

The following table shows the various data types list in the VB.NET programming language.

Data Types Required Space Value Range

A Boolean type depends on the
Boolean True or False
implementing platform
Byte 1 byte Byte Range start from 0 to 255 (unsigned)
Char 2 bytes Char Range start from 0 to 65535 (unsigned)
Date range can be 0:00:0 (midnight) January 1, 0001 to
Date 8 bytes
11:5959 PM of December 31, 9999.
Range from 0 to +/-
79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,335
Decimal 16 bytes (+/-7.9…E+28) without any decimal point;
And 0 to +/-7.92281625142264337593543950335 with
28 position to the right of the decimal
-1.79769313486231570E+308 to -4.94-
65645841246544E-324 for negative values;
Double 8 bytes
4.94065645841246544E-324 to
1.79769313486231570E+308, for positive values
Integer 4 bytes -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 (signed)
-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to
Long 8 bytes
9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (9.2…E + 18) (signed)
Object size based on the
platform such as 4 bytes in 32- It can store any type of data defined in a variable of type
Object
bit and 8 bytes in 64-bit Object
platform
SByte 1 byte -128 to 127 (signed)
Short 2 bytes -32,768 to 32,767 (signed)
-3.4028235E + 38 to -1.401298E-45 for negative values;
Single 4 bytes And for positive value: 1.401298E-45 to 3.4028235E +
38.

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String Datatype depend on the It accepts Unicode character from 0 to approximately 2

String
implementing platform billion characters.
UInteger 4 bytes The range start from 0 to 4,294,967,295 (unsigned)
The range of ULong start from 0 to
ULong 8 bytes
18,446,744,073,709,551,615 (1.8…E + 19) (unsigned)
A user-defined data type
User-Defined Each member of the structure has its own data type and
depends on the implementing
(structure) limits independent of the other members' ranges.
platform
UShort 2 bytes Range from 0 to 65,535 (unsigned)
Let us use the various data types in a VB.NET program.

Data_type.vb

Module Data_type

Sub Main()

' defining the Data Type to the variables

Dim b As Byte = 1

Dim num As Integer = 5

Dim si As Single

Dim db As Double

Dim get_date As Date

Dim c As Char

Dim str As String

b=1

num = 20

si = 0.12

db = 2131.787

get_date = Today
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c = "A"

str = "Hello Friends..."

Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the JavaTpoint")

Console.WriteLine("Byte is: {0}", b)

Console.WriteLine("Integer number is: {0}", num)

Console.WriteLine("Single data type is: {0}", si)

Console.WriteLine("Double data type is: {0}", db)

Console.WriteLine("Today is: {0}", get_date)

Console.WriteLine("Character is: {0}", b)

Console.WriteLine("String message is: {0}", str)

Console.ReadKey()

End Sub

End Module

Output:

Welcome to the JavaTpoint

Byte is: 1

Integer number is: 20

Single data type is: 0.12

Double data type is: 2131.787

Today is: 31-05-2020 00:00:00

Character is: 1

String message is: Hello Friends...

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C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

Type Conversion Functions in VB.NET

The following functions are available for conversion.

1. CBool(expression): It is used to convert an expression into a Boolean data type.

2. CByte(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a Byte data type.

3. CChar(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a Char data type.

4. CDate(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a Date data type.

5. CDbl(expression): It is used to convert an expression into a Double data type.

6. CDec(expression): It is used to convert an expression into a Decimal data type.

7. CInt(expression): It is used to convert an expression to an Integer data type.

8. CLng(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a Long data type.

9. CObj(expression): It is used to convert an expression to an Object data type.

10. CSByte(expression): It is used to convert an expression to an SByte data type.

11. CShort(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a Short data type.

12. CSng(expression): It is used to convert an expression into a Single data type.

13. CStr(expression): It is used to convert an expression into a String data type.

14. CUInt(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a UInt data type.

15. CULng(expression): It is used to convert an expression to a ULng data type.

16. CUShort(expression): It is used to convert an expression into a UShort data type.

In the following, program we have performed different conversion.

DB_Conversion.vb

Option Strict On

Module DB_Conversion

Sub Main()

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'defining the Data type conversion

Dim dblData As Double

dblData = 5.78

Dim A, B As Char

Dim bool As Boolean = True

Dim x, Z, B_int As Integer

A = "A"

B = "B"

B_int = AscW(B)

Console.WriteLine(" Ascii value of B is {0}", B_int)

x=1

Z = AscW(A)

Z=Z+x

Console.WriteLine("String to integer {0}", Z)

Console.WriteLine("Boolean value is : {0}", CStr(bool))

Dim num, intData As Integer

num = CInt(dblData)

intData = CType(dblData, Integer)

Console.WriteLine(" Explicit conversion of Data type " & Str(intData))

Console.WriteLine(" Value of Double is: {0}", dblData)

Console.WriteLine("Double to Integer: {0}", num)

Console.ReadKey()

End Sub

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End Module

Output:

Ascii value of B is 66

String to integer 66

Boolean value is: True

Explicit conversion of Data type 6

Value of Double is: 5.78

Double to Integer: 6

VB.NET Control Statements

In VB.NET, the control statements are the statements that controls the execution of the program based
on the specified condition. It is useful for determining whether a condition is true or not. If the condition is true,
a single or block of statement is executed. In the control statement, we will use if- Then, if Then Else, if Then
ElseIf and the Select case statement.
We can define more than one condition to be evaluated by the program with statements. If the defined
condition is true, the statement or block executes according to the condition, and if the condition is false, another
statement is executed.
The following figure shows a common format of the decision control statements to validate and execute a
statement:
The above diagram shows that if the defined condition is
true, statement_1 will be executed, and if the condition is false,
statement_2 will be executed.
VB.NET provides the following conditional or decision-
making statements.
1. If-Then Statement
2. If-Then Else Statement
3. If-Then ElseIf Statement
4. Select Case Statement
5. Nested Select Case Statements

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1. If-Then Statement: The If-Then Statement is a control statement that defines one or more conditions,
and if the particular condition is satisfied, it executes a piece of information or statements.
Syntax:
If condition Then
[Statement or block of Statement]
End If
In If-Then Statement, the condition can be a Boolean, logical, or relational condition, and the statement
can be single or group of statements that will be executed when the condition is true.
Example 1: Write a simple program to print a statement in VB.NET.
Module1.vb
Module Module1
' Declaration of variable str
Dim str As String = "JavaTpoint"
Sub Main()
' if str equal to "JavaTpoint", below Statement will be executed.
If str = "JavaTpoint" Then
Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the JavaTpoint")
End If
Console.WritLine("press any key to exit?")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
Now compile and execute the above program by clicking on the Start or F5 button, it shows the following output:

As we can see in the above example, if the value of str is equal to JavaTpoint, the condition is true, and
it prints the Statement.

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2. If-Then-Else Statement: The If-Then Statement can execute single or multiple statements when the
condition is true, but when the expression evaluates to false, it does nothing. So, here comes the If-Then-
Else Statement. The IF-Then-Else Statement is telling what If condition to do when if the statement is false,
it executes the Else statement. Following is the If-Then-Else statement syntax in VB.NET as follows:
Syntax:
If (Boolean_expression) Then
'This statement will execute if the Boolean condition is true
Else
'Optional statement will execute if the Boolean condition is false
End If
Flow chart
The above diagram represents that if the
Boolean expression (condition) is true, the if
statement will execute, and if the Boolean
expression is false, Else code or statement will
be executed. After that, the control transfer to the
next statement, which is immediately after the If-
Then-Else control statement.
Example 1:
Write a program to check whether the
number is even or odd.
If_Else_statment.vb
Module If_Else_statement
Sub Main()
Dim num As Integer
Console.WriteLine("Enter the Number")

num = Console.ReadLine() 'read data from console

If (num Mod 2 = 0) Then ' if condition is true, print the if statement

Console.WriteLine("It is an even number")

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Else 'otherwise, Else statement is executed.

Console.WriteLine("It is an odd number")
End If
Console.WriteLine("press any key to exit...")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
Now compile and execute the above program by clicking on the Start or F5 button, it shows the following output:

3. VB.NET If-Then-ElseIf statement

The If-Then-ElseIf Statement provides a choice to execute only one condition or statement from multiple
statements. Execution starts from the top to bottom, and it checked for each If condition. And if the condition is
met, the block of If the statement is executed. And if none of the conditions are true, the last block is executed.
Following is the syntax of If-Then-ElseIf Statement in VB.NET as follows:
Syntax
If(condition 1)Then
' Executes when condition 1 is true
ElseIf( condition 2)Then
' Executes when condition 2 is true
ElseIf( boolean_expression 3)Then
' Executes when the condition 3 is true
Else
' executes the default statement when none of the above conditions is true.
End If

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Flowchart
The following diagram represents the functioning of the If-Else-If Statement in the VB.NET programming
language.
If this condition is true in the
flowchart of the if-else-if statement, the
statement is executed within the if
block. If the condition is not true, it
passes control to the next ElseIf
condition to check whether the
condition is matched. And if none of
the conditions are matched, the else
block is executed.
Example 1:
Write a program to show the
uses of If... ElseIf statements.
if_elseIf.vb
Module if_elseIf
Sub Main()
Dim var1 As Integer

Console.WriteLine(" Input the value of var1: ")

var1 = Console.ReadLine()
If var1 = 20 Then
'if condition is true then print the following statement'
Console.WriteLine(" Entered value is equal to 20")
ElseIf var1 < 50 Then
Console.WriteLine(" Entered value is less than 50")

ElseIf var1 >= 100 Then

Console.WriteLine(" Entered value is greater than 100")
Else
'if none of the above condition is satisfied, print the following statement

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Console.WriteLine(" Value is not matched with above condition")

End If
Console.WriteLine(" You have entered : {0}", var1)
Console.WriteLine(" press any key to exit...")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
Now compile and execute the above program by clicking on the Start or F5 button, it shows the following output:
4. Select Case Statement
In VB.NET, the Select Case statement is a collection of multiple case statements, which allows executing a
single case statement from the list of statements. A selected case statement uses a variable to test for equality
against multiple cases or statements in a program. If the variable is matched with any test cases, that statement
will be executed. And if the condition is not matched with any cases, it executes the default statement.
Using the select case statement in VB.NET programming, you can replace the uses of multiple If-Then-Else If
statement from the program for better readability and easy to use.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of the Select Case statement in VB.NET, as follows:
Select Case [variable or expression]
Case value1 'defines the item or value that you want to match.
// Define a statement to execute

Case value2 'defines the item or value that you want to match.
// Define a statement to execute

Case Else
// Define the default statement if none of the conditions is true.
End Select
Furthermore, you can also set more than one condition in a single case statement, such as:
Select Case Variable / expression
Case value1
Statement1

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Case value2, value3

Statement2

Case Else
// define the default statement if none of the condition is true
End Select
Flowchart of Select Case Statement
The following flowchart represents the functioning of the Select case statement in the VB.NET programming
language.
In Flowchart, the Select Case statement represents the
evaluating of the process start from top to bottom. If the
expression or value is matched with the first select case,
statement -1 is executed else the control transfer to the next
case for checking whether the expression is matching or not.
Similarly, it checks all Select case statements for evaluating.
If none of the cases are matched, the Else block statement
will be executed, and finally, the Select Case Statement will
come to an end.
Example 1:
Write a program to display the Days name using the
select case statement in VB.NET.
Select_case.vb
Imports System
Module Select_case
Sub Main()
'define a local variable.
Dim Days As String
Days = "Thurs"
Select Case Days
Case "Mon"
Console.WriteLine(" Today is Monday")
Case "Tue"

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Console.WriteLine(" Today is Tuesday")

Case "Wed"
Console.WriteLine("Today is Wednesday")
Case "Thurs"
Console.WriteLine("Today is Thursday")
Case "Fri"
Console.WriteLine("Today is Friday")
Case "Sat"
Console.WriteLine("Today is Saturday")
Case "Sun"
Console.WriteLine("Today is Sunday")
Case Else
Console.WriteLine(" You have typed Something wrong")

End Select
Console.WriteLine("You have selected : {0}", Days)
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
Now compile and execute the above program by clicking on the Start or F5 button, it shows the following output:

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VB.NET Loop
A Loop is used to repeat the same process multiple times until it meets the specified condition in a
program. By using a loop in a program, a programmer can repeat any number of statements up to the desired
number of repetitions. A loop also provides the suitability to a programmer to repeat the statement in a program
according to the requirement. A loop is also used to reduce the program complexity, easy to understand, and
easy to debug.
Advantages of VB.NET loop.
1. It provides code iteration functionality in a program.
2. It executes the statement until the specified condition is true.
3. It helps in reducing the size of the code.
4. It reduces compile time.
Types of Loops
There are five types of loops available in VB.NET:
1. Do While Loop
2. For Next Loop
3. For Each Loop
4. While End Loop
5. With End Loop
1. Do While Loop
In VB.NET, Do While loop is used to execute blocks of statements in the program, as long as the condition
remains true. It is like the While End Loop, but there is slight difference between them. The while loop initially
checks the defined condition, if the condition becomes true, the while loop's statement is executed. Whereas in
the Do loop, is opposite of the while loop, it means that it executes the Do statements, and then it checks the
condition.
Syntax:
Do
[ Statements to be executed]
Loop While Boolean_expression
// or
Do
[Statement to be executed]
Loop Until Boolean_expression
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In the above syntax, the Do keyword followed a block of statements, and While keyword
checks Boolean_expression after the execution of the first Do statement.
Flowchart of Do loop.
The above flow chart represents the flow of
Do While loop. It is used to control the flow
of statements, such that it executes the
statement at least once before checking the
While or Until condition. If the condition is
true, the next iteration will be executed till the
condition become false.
Example 1. Write a simple program to print
a number from 1 to 10 using the Do While
loop in VB.NET.
Do_loop.vb
Imports System
Module Do_loop
Sub Main()
' Initializatio and Declaration of variable i
Dim i As Integer = 1
Do
' Executes the following Statement
Console.WriteLine(" Value of variable I is : {0}", i)
i = i + 1 'Increment the variable i by 1
Loop While i <= 10 ' Define the While Condition

Console.WriteLine(" Press any key to exit...")

Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module

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Now compile and execute the above program by clicking on the Start button, it shows the following output:

In the above program, the Do While loop executes the body until the given condition becomes false. When
the condition becomes false the loop will be terminated.
2. Do Until Loop:
In the VB.NET loop, there is a Do Until loop statement, which is similar to the Do While loop. The Do
Statement executes as long as Until condition becomes true.
Example: Write a loop.vb
Imports System
Module Do_loop
Sub Main()
' Initialization and Declaration of variable i
Dim i As Integer = 1
Do
' Executes the following Statement
Console.WriteLine(" Value of variable i is : {0}", i)
i = i + 1 'Increment variable i by 1
Loop Until i = 10 ' Define the Until Condition

Console.WriteLine(" Press any key to exit...")

Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module

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Output:

In the above program, a Do Until loop is executed their statement until the given condition Until (i =10) is
not meet. When the counter value of the variable i becomes 10, the defined statement will be false, and the loop
will be terminated.
3. Nested Do While Loop Statement
In VB.NET, when we use one Do While loop inside the body of another Do While loop, it is called Nested
Do While loop.
Syntax
Do
// Statement of the outer loop
Do
// Statement of outer loop
While (condition -2)
// Statement of outer loop
While (condition -1)
4. For Next Loop
A For Next loop is used to repeatedly execute a sequence of code or a block of code until a given condition
is satisfied. A For loop is useful in such a case when we know how many times a block of code has to be executed.
In VB.NET, the For loop is also known as For Next Loop.
Syntax
For variable_name As [ DataType ] = start To end [ Step step ]
[ Statements to be executed ]
Next
Let us understand the For Next loop in detail.
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For: It is the keyword that is present at the beginning of the definition.

variable_name: It is a variable name, which is required in the For loop Statement. The value of the variable
determines when to exit from the For-Next loop, and the value should only be numeric.
[Data Type]: It represents the Data Type of the variable_name.
start to end: The start and end are the two important parameters representing the initial and final values of
the variable_name. These parameters are helpful while the execution begins, the initial value of the variable is
set by the start. Before the completion of each repetition, the variable's current value is compared with the end
value. And if the value of the variable is less than the end value, the execution continues until the variable's current
value is greater than the end value. And if the value is exceeded, the loop is terminated.
Step: A step parameter is used to determine by which the counter value of a variable is increased or decreased
after each iteration in a program. If the counter value is not specified; It uses 1 as the default value.
Statements: A statement can be a single statement or group of statements that execute during the completion of
each iteration in a loop.
Next: In VB.NET a Next is a keyword that represents the end of the For loop's

5. For Next loop

The following flowchart represents the functioning of
the For Next loop in the VB.NET programming
language.
In the above flow chart, the first step is to
initialize the variable name with the start value. And
then, the value of the variable will be compared to
the end expression or value. If the condition is true,
the control enters the loop body and executes the
statements. After that, the value of a variable will
be automatically incremented by the compiler.
Upon completion of each iteration, the current value
of a variable will be again compared to the end
expression. If the condition is not true, the
controlled exit from the loop.

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Example 1. Write a simple program to print the number from 1 to 10 using the For Next loop.
Number.vb
Imports System
Module Number
Sub Main()
' It is a simple print statement, and 'vbCrLf' is used to jump in the next line.
Console.Write(" The number starts from 1 to 10 " & vbCrLf)
' declare and initialize variable i
For i As Integer = 1 To 10 Step 1
' if the condition is true, the following statement will be executed
Console.WriteLine(" Number is {0} ", i)
' after completion of each iteration, next will update the variable counter
Next
Console.WriteLine(" Press any key to exit... ")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
Output:

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)
C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

6. For Each Loop

In the VB.NET, For Each loop is used to iterate block of statements in an array or collection objects. Using
For Each loop, we can easily work with collection objects such as lists, arrays, etc., to execute each element of an
array or in a collection. And when iteration through each element in the array or collection is complete, the control
transferred to the next statement to end the loop.
Syntax:
For Each var_name As [ DataType ] In Collection_Object
[ Statements to be executed]
Next
For Each loop is used to read each element from the collection object or an array. The Data Type represents the
type of the variable, and var_name is the name of the variable to access elements from the array or collection
object so that it can be used in the body of For Each loop.
Flow chart:
The first step is to initialize an array or collection
object to execute each element of the array with the help
of variables in For Each loop. A variable is used in For Each
loop to checks whether the element is available or not. If the
element is available in the collection object, the For Each
block will be executed until the condition remains true.
After the execution of each element of an array, the control
transfer to the end statement.
Examples of For Each Loop
Write a simple program to understand the uses of For Each
Next loop in VB.NET.
For_Each_loop.vb
Imports System
Module For_Each_loop
Sub Main()
'declare and initialize an array as integer
Dim An_array() As Integer = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Dim i As Integer 'Declare i as Integer

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)
C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

For Each i In An_array

Console.WriteLine(" Value of i is {0}", i)
Next
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
Output:

7. While End Loop

The While End loop is used to execute blocks of code or statements in a program, as long as the
given condition is true. It is useful when the number of executions of a block is not known. It is also known as
an entry-controlled loop statement, which means it initially checks all loop conditions. If the condition is true,
the body of the while loop is executed. This process of repeated execution of the body continues until the condition
is not false. And if the condition is false, control is transferred out of the loop.
Syntax:
While [condition]
[ Statement to be executed ]
End While
Here, condition represents any Boolean condition, and if the logical condition is true, the single or block of
statements define inside the body of the while loop is executed.

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)
C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

Flow Diagram of the While End Loop in VB.NET

As we know, the While End loop is an entry-
controlled loop used to determine if the condition is
true, the statements defined in the body of the loop are
executed, and the execution process continues till
the condition is satisfied. Furthermore, after each
iteration, the value of the counter variable is
incremented. It again checks whether the defined
condition is true; And if the condition is again true, the
body of the While loop is executed. And when the
condition is not true, the control transferred to the end
of the loop.
Imports System
Module while_number
Sub Main()
'declare x as an integer variable
Dim x As Integer
x=1
' Use While End condition
While x <= 10
'If the condition is true, the statement will be executed.
Console.WriteLine(" Number {0}", x)
x = x + 1 ' Statement that change the value of the condition
End While
Console.WriteLine(" Press any key to exit...")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)
C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

VB.NET Arrays
An array is a linear data structure that is a collection of data elements of the same type stored on
a contiguous memory location. Each data item is called an element of the array. It is a fixed size of sequentially
arranged elements in computer memory with the first element being at index 0 and the last element at index n -
1, where n represents the total number of elements in the array.
The following is an illustrated representation of similar data type elements defined in the VB.NET array data
structure.

In the above diagram, we store the Integer type data elements in an array starting at index 0. It will continue
to store data elements up to a defined number of elements.
Declaration of VB.NET Array
We can declare an array by specifying the data of the elements followed by parentheses () in the VB.NET.
Dim array_name As [Data_Type] ()
In the above declaration, array_name is the name of an array, and the Data_Type represents the type of
element (Integer, char, String, Decimal) that will to store contiguous data elements in the VB.NET array.
Now, let us see the example to declare an array.
'Store only Integer values
Dim num As Integer() or Dim num(5) As Integer
'Store only String values
Dim name As String() or Dim name(5) As String
' Store only Double values
Dim marks As Double()

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)
C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

Initialization of VB.NET Array

In VB.NET, we can initialize an array with New keyword at the time of declaration. For example,
'Declaration and Initialization of an array elements with size 6
Dim num As Integer() = New Integer(5) { }
Dim num As Integer() = New Integer(5) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Initialize an array with 5 elements that indicates the size of an array
Dim arr_name As Integer() = New Integer() {5, 10, 5, 20, 15}
Declare an array
Dim array1 As Char()
array1 = New Char() {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'}
Furthermore, we can also initialize and declare an array using the following ways, as shown below.
Dim intData() As Integer = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Dim intData(5) As Integer
Dim array_name() As String = {"Peter", "John", "Brock", "James", "Maria"}
Dim misc() as Object = {"Hello friends", 16c, 12ui, "A"c}
Dim Emp(0 to 2) As String
Emp{0} = "Mathew"
Emp(1) = " Anthony"
Emp(2) = "Prince"
Let's create a program to add the elements of an array in VB.NET programming language.
num_Array.vb

Multidimensional Array
In VB.NET, a multidimensional array is useful for storing more than one dimension in a tabular form,
such as rows and columns. The multidimensional array support two or three dimensional in VB.NET.
Declaration of Multidimensional Array
Declaration of two-dimensional array
Dim twoDimenArray As Integer( , ) = New Integer(3, 2) {}
Or Dim arr(5, 3) As Integer
Representation of Three Dimensional array
Dim arrThree(2, 4, 3) As Integer
Or Dim arr1 As Integer( , , ) = New Integer(5, 5, 5) { }

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)
C#.NET SHREE MEDHA DEGREE COLLEGE, BALLARI

In the above representation of multidimensional, we have created 2-dimensional array twoDimenArray

with 3 rows and 2 columns and 3-dimensional array with three dimensions 2, 4, and 3.
Initialization of Multidimensional Array
The following ways to initialize the multidimensional array:
' Initialization of Two Dimensional Array
Dim intArray As Integer( , ) = New Integer( 3, 2) { {4, 5}, {2, 3}, {6, 7} }
Dim intArray( , ) As Integer = { {5, 4}, {3, 2}, {4, 7} }
' Initialization of Three Dimensional Array
Dim threeDimen(3, 3, 2 ) As Integer = { {{1, 3, 2}, {2, 3, 4}}, {{5, 3, 6}, {3, 4, 5}}, {{1, 2, 2}, {5, 2, 3} }}

Dept of Computer Science From the desk of Ms. Vinutha H M M.Sc. (CS)