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English
Quarter 3 – Module 6:
Use of Parallel Structures
English – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module 6: Use of Parallel Structures
First Edition, 2020

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English
Quarter 3 – Module 6:
Use of Parallel Structures
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home.
Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide
you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson
prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons
in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing
this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s
assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of
each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We
trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher
are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and
reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based
learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks
on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering
the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before
performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in
answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 Let Us Learn!

This module is written to help you increase your knowledge in English

language and strengthen your proficiency in grammar. This
learning material is a tool that will enrich your understanding on the
use of parallel structure and its role in written and oral
communication.

This module was also developed recognizing diverse capacity of

our learners in the context of distance learning and independent
learning. The lessons are organized to keep you engaged with
various activities as you progress in the lesson. This module is crafted
to introduce to the given competency.

Specifically, this module is designed to help you reach the following

objectives:

1. understand the concept of parallel structure, (EN8G-Ia-7)

2. write similar sentence according to the examples given and
3. correct the sentences with faulty parallel structure

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 Let Us Try!

Direction: Circle the phrase that does not belong to the group.
Example:
a) big classroom b) small park c) a friend of mine

1. a) on the side b) under the bus c) my car

2. a) spaghetti b) french fries c) sweet memory
3. a) to watch a movie b) listening a story c) to skip lunch
4. a) psychosocial b) emotion c) emotional
5. a) immediately b) luckily c) eating buffet
6. a) buy toys b) eating buffet c) buying groceries
7. a) a table b) a chair c) chats with a friend
8. a) because of pain b) because of rain c) they are loving
9. a) studying lessons b) writing assignment c) make cookies
10. a) writes a letter b) mailed in schools c) pays for payphone
11. a) watches a movie b) plays basketball c) finished eating
12. a) make our bed b) eating breakfast c) feed the dog
13. a) to eat b) to clean c) jumping rope
14. a) enjoying the show b) made amendments c) riding a motorcycle
15. a) he was in love b) he was numb c) minding business

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 Lesson

1 Use of Parallel Structures

Day 1

Let Us Study

Begin this lesson by answering the questions below.

Activity 1: Identifying Parallel Elements in Sentences

Underline the parallel elements in the following sentences. Draw two parallel
lines (//) where the parallel element begins and ends.

Example: Most of the teachers have // printers, laptop and computers // to

be used in the online class.

1. Students use computer to search for activities, to answer assignments, to

calculate mathematical equation, and to write essays.

2. Sadly, computers can’t think the way humans do, and humans can’t think
the way computers do.

3. Parents complain that computers are expensive to purchase and to

maintain.

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 Parallelism is about expressing your point in a balanced way. It is often
used to clarify your thoughts in writing. It suggests that a certain element or
the same style of word or format should be used in all parts of your sentence.

Read the examples below and examine how non-parallel structures are
improved into a well-structured sentence.

Normal Sentence:
Marie likes running and walking, and she also likes dancing.
Although this sentence is grammatically correct, it is not grammatically
parallel, as the subject-verb-object phrase “Marie also likes dancing”
interrupts the pattern formed by the gerunds “running” and “walking.” In
order to improve this sentence, turn “Marie also likes dancing” into a gerund
in order to match “running” and “walking.”
Sentence with Parallel Structure:
Marie enjoys running, walking, and dancing.
The adjusted sentence has not lost its original meaning, but it has
gained a greater balance, improving the reader’s experience.

Sentence with Parallel Structure:

We prefer candidates who are dependable, striving, and prompt.
“Prompt” describes someone who shows up on time and creates a
more balanced sentence.
When writing a list, every item starts with the same type of verb or
noun, adjective or adverb format.
Examples:
1. "ing" verbs: We went running, walking, biking, and surfing.
2. "ed" verbs: We biked and jumped on the way.
3. nouns: We drove to the malls, groceries, and hotels all in one day.
4. adjective: She had pinky-tipped and glossy hair.
5. adverb: Spaciously and largely as she described the house.

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Day 2

Let Us Practice

Activity 1: Rewriting Parallel Structures

Directions: Combine each of the following groups of short sentences into one
long sentence using parallel form.
1. She left me angry after I confronted her.
She left me frustrated after I confronted her.
She left me devastated after I confronted her.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________

2. I should want to see the people whose kindness have made my life
worth living.
I should want to see the people whose gentleness have made my life
worth living.
I should want to see the people whose compassion have made my
life worth living.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________
3. Joe likes biking while enjoying the sun.
Joe likes driving while enjoying the sun.
Joe likes swimming while enjoying the sun.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________

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Activity 2: Correcting Faulty Parallelism

Directions: Underline the nonparallel structures in the sentence. After that,

rewrite the sentence to create parallelism.
Example:
Mary’s hobbies are bakes cake, cooking delicious viands and makes
unique recipes.
Answer: Mary’s hobbies are baking cake, cooking delicious viands, and
making unique recipes.

1. Ria likes dancing, jogging, and exercises in her free time.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________

2. We got lot of things to do, friends to see, and spots that should be
visited.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________

3. Her mother wrote letters, take pictures, and kept various paintings.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________

4. When I wake up every morning, the first things to do is pray to God,

make my bed, eating breakfast*t and prepares my food.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________

5. Dancing in my class, to visit at the beach and conversation with my

friends are all things I enjoy.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________

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Day 3
Let Us Practice More

Activity 3: Select me!

Directions: Identify which of the given choices gives the sentence correct
parallel structure. Circle the letter of your choice.

1. Joseph was excited to invite his friends over, to eat snack, and
_______________________ .
a. …a game of basketball.
b. …to play basketball.
c. ...playing basketball.
2. Mar has always adored reading the version of the book more than
_____________________.
a. …he watched the movie version.
b. …watching the movie version.
c. …to watch the movie version.
3. When the weather outside is starting to become warm and
__________________, I must stay indoors.
a. …starting to get fiery…
b. …fiery…
c. …getting fiery…
4. Watching movies, dancing hip-hop, and _____________________ are three of
Marjorie’s favorite hobbies.
a. …basketball…
b. …plays volleyball…
c. …planting trees …

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Activity 4: Complete Me!

Directions: Fill-in the blank with a word or phrase to make a parallel

structured sentence.

1. The comedian was clever, original and _____________________________ at my

nephew’s birthday.

2. My cat likes to sleep, relax and _______________________________________

during the night.

3. I like giving speeches as much as Belle likes ____________________.

4. The rain fell steadily; the wind howled _________________.

5. Swimming during the summer, bowling during the cold months, and

__________________________ are my hobbies.

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Day 4

Let Us Remember

Sharing Your Thoughts

Activity: Write a reflection about what you have learned from the lesson. Make
sure to follow 100-word standard in paragraph writing. There will be a rubric
in assessing your essay.

From the lesson “Use of Parallel”, I have learned that

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___________________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________________
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 Assessment Rubric

4/EXCELLENT 3/GOOD 2/AVERAGE 1/ NEEDS

IMPROVEMENT
Ideas This paper is This The writer is Topic is not well-
clear and paper is beginning to defined and/or
focused. It mostly define the there are too
holds the focused, topic, even many topics.
reader's and has though
attention. some development
Relevant details good is still basic
and quotes details or general.
enrich the and
central theme. quotes.
Organization The Paper The Sentences within
organization (and organizationa paragraphs make
enhances and paragrap l structure is sense, but the
showcases the hs) are strong order of
central idea or mostly enough to paragraphs does
theme. The organized move the not.
order, structure , in order, reader
of information and through the
is compelling makes text without
and moves the sense to too much
reader through the confusion.
the text. reader.
Sentence The writing has The The text The text seems
Fluency an easy flow, writing hums along choppy and is not
rhythm, and mostly with a steady easy to read
cadence. flows, and beat, but orally.
Sentences are usually tends to be
well built, with invites more
strong and oral businesslike
varied structure reading. than musical,
that invites more
expressive oral mechanical
reading. than fluid.
Conventions The writer The write The writer The writer seems
demonstrates a understa shows to have made little
good grasp of nds good reasonable effort to use
standard writing control over a conventions:
writing conventio limited range spelling,
conventions ns and of standard punctuation,

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 (e.g., spelling,usually writing capitalization,
punctuation, uses conventions. usage, grammar
capitalization, them Conventions and/or
grammar, correctly. are paragraphing
usage, Paper is sometimes have multiple
paragraphing) easily handled well errors.
and uses read and and enhance
conventions errors are readability;
effectively to rare; at other
enhance minor times, errors
readability. touch- are
ups distracting
would get and impair
this piece readability.
ready to
publish.
Presentation The form and The The writer's The writer's
presentation of format message is message is only
the text only has understanda understandable
enhances the a few ble in this occasionally, and
ability for the mistakes format. paper is messily
reader to and is written.
understand and generally
connect with easy to
the message. It read and
is pleasing to pleasing
the eye. to the
eye.

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 Let Us Assess

Activity 1: Developing Writing Skills

Use the following instructions to write ten sentences, each containing a

parallel construction.

1. Use and to combine two parallel sentences.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. With four parallel words, construct a sentence using those.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. Write a sentence consisting two adjectives.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. Use not only … but also to connect two ideas.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. To join two infinitive phrases use and.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
6. With a series of three participial phrases, construct a sentence
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
7. Use either … or to join gerund phrases.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

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 __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

8. Use three parallel verb forms in a sentence.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

9. Write a sentence containing two parallel noun clauses.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

10. Write a sentence containing two parallel adverb phrases.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

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Activity 2: Improving Faulty Parallel Structures

Directions: Rewrite the sentence if it has erroneous parallel structure. Leave

the sentence as is if it is not faulty.
1. Jose likes to drive and biking every morning.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. The story is vivid, interesting and has a simple plot.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. The maid is either lazy or she does not feel well.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. Rhonyll is a man of intelligence and who is an industrious worker.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

5. I see smiles, and I am glad. I see serious determination, and I am

proud. I see suffering, and I am compassionate.
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_____________________________________________________________________

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Day 5

Let Us Enhance

Activity 1: Combining Ideas

Direction: Combine the given sentences to make parallel sentence. Use the
words in the parenthesis as connectors.
Example:
Non-parallel: She not only wanted to swim but also to dive. (not only –
but also)
Parallel: She wanted not only to swim but also to dive.
1. Farming methods had to be improved to keep up with the demand of
food for people. There was also an increased demand for more raw
materials in the industry. (both – and)
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_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. The early wheel consisted of a solid wooden slab. There was also a
spindle thrust through a hole in its center. (and)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. We learned that it is not advisable to shut down our factories. It is not
advisable to cut down basic food consumption. (neither-nor)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. Soon, wheeled vehicles were being used to haul foodstuff, they were also
used for transporting people. (and)

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 _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5. A man improved the wheel by joining a solid wheel to another by an
axle. Later, he made the spoked wheel for fast vehicles. (and)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
6. We must produce more raw materials for industry. We can shut down
our factories. (either—or)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
7. The invention of knives and spears increased man’s food supply. It has
made murder easier. (but)
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_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
8. For many years, we depended on wood for cooking. We were also
depending on wood for warmth. (not only – but also)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
9. Man now has machineries that use gasoline for power. Other machines
are using electricity for power. (either – or)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
10. More power spurred manufacturing and trade. It also generated a
higher standard of living. (not only – but also)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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 Let Us Reflect

Congratulations! You did a great job in finishing this module. In this

lesson, you learned that parallelism can be a great help to you in improving
your English communication skills.
All sentences follow established patterns and for you to avoid repetition
of clause and phrases or even words, parallelism is one of the best solutions
to your grammar problem. Parallelism also makes your paragraph or even
your speech more grammatically precise and makes your sentences certain in
expressing your thoughts. Moreover, if you want to impress your reader, use
parallel structures so that your thoughts in writing will be balanced.
Once again, parallelism if correctly handled, is one means of attaining
an emphatic, vigorous style.

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 14
Let Us Practice (Day 2)
Activity 1: Rewriting Parallel Structures
1. Shia beautifies the tree house, picks up her grandpa from mother’s
house, and friends are invited over for thanksgiving.
Shia beatifies the tree house, picks up his grandma from the mother’s
house, and invites friends over for thanksgiving.
2. Google can be used to find synonyms, to research medical information,
and locating best hotels in town.
- Google can be used to find synonyms, to research medical information,
and to locate best hotels in town.
3. Ping-pong needs hand-eye coordination, flexibility, and to be able to
concentrate.
- Ping-pong needs hand-eye coordination, flexibility, and concentration.
4. A parent has the responsibility of providing supplemental help and Let Us Enhance (Day 5)
material with their children. Activity 1: Combining
- A parent has the responsibility of providing supplemental help and Ideas
reviewing
Answers may vary
material with their children.
- A parent has the responsibility to provide supplemental help and to
review all test Let Us Remember (Day 4)
material with students. Answers may vary
5. Shelle threw a stone at the window pane and the glass was broken.
- Shelle threw a stone at the window pane and broke the glass. Let Us Assess
Activity 1: Developing Writing Skills
(Answers may vary)
Activity 2: Correcting Faulty Parallelism
1. Ria likes dancing, jogging, and exercises in her free time.
Activity 2: Improving faulty parallel
Ria likes dancing, jogging, and exercising in her free time.
2. We have a lot of things to do, friends to see, and spots that should be structures
visited. 1. Jose likes to drive and to
We have a lot of things to do, friends to see, and spots to visit.
3. Her mother wrote letters, take pictures, and kept various paintings. bike every morning.
Her mother wrote letters, took pictures, and kept various paintings. 2. The story is vivid, interesting
4. When I wake up every morning, the first things to do is prays to God,
and simple in plot.
make my bed, eating my breakfast and prepares my food.
When I wake up every morning, the first things to do is prays to God, 3. The maid is either lazy or ill.
makes my bed, eats my breakfast, and prepares my food. 4. Rhonyll is a man who is
5. Dancing in my class, to visit at the beach and conversation with my
friends are all things I enjoy. intelligence and who is an
Dancing in my class, visiting at the beach and conversing with my friends industrious worker.
are all things I enjoy.
Let Us Practice More (Day 3)
Let Us Study (Day 1)
Activity 3. 1.b, 2. b, 3. b, 4. c
Let Us Practice More Activity 1: Identifying Parallel
Activity 1: Sentence Combining Elements in Sentences Activity 4. (Answers may vary)
1. She left me angry, frustrated, 1. // to search for activities, to
devastated after I confront her. answer assignments, to calculate
2. I should want to see the people mathematical equation, and to Let Us Try
whose kindness, gentleness and write essays.// 1. C 6. A 11. C
compassion have made my life 2. // computers can’t think the way 2. C 7. C 12. B
worth living. humans do, and humans can’t think 3. B 8. C 13. C
3. Joe like biking, driving and the way computers do.// 4. B 9. C 14. B
swimming while enjoying the sun. 3. // to purchase and to maintain, // 5. C 10. B 15. C
Answer key to Activities
 References

J. Robinson/Revised Winter 2009. Douglas College Learning Centre. Retrieved from

http://jesstancredi.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/4/5/104511429/paralellism.pdf

Gabriel, Martires and Monis (1992). ENGLISH 4 SEDD Series. Saint Bernadette
Publications, Inc.

Palma, J., Mogol, M. (1989). Grammar and Composition. Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent., Inc.
58 Kalayaan St., Diliman, Q.C.

Richard Nordquist (2019). Sentence Completion Exercise: Parallelism. Retrieved from

https://www.thoughtco.com/sentence-completion-exercise-parallelism-1690998

Parallel Structure. (1995–2020). Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved from

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/mechanics/parallel_structure.html

Sentence Completion Exercise: Parallelism. (2019). ThoughtCo. Retrieve from

https://www.thoughtco.com/sentence-completion-exercise-parallelism-1690998

Internet Source:

https://www.lamission.edu/learningcenter/docs/asc/worksheets/Grammar/Parallelis
m%20Practice.pdf

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Department of Education – Division of Tagum City

Office Address: Energy Park, Apokon, Tagum City, 8100

Telefax: (084) 216-3504

E-mail Address: [email protected]