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MODIFIED LEARNING MATERIALS/MODULES BASED ON THE DEPED CURRICULUM

Grade Level: 11 Quarter/Duration: 2nd QUARTER – MONTH 4 School Year: 2021-2022

Teacher: RIZEL JANE B. MILLET Subject: ORAL COMMUNCIATION IN
CONTEXT

Topics:

Types of Speeches

Sub Topics:

1. Read or Manuscript Speech

2. Memorized Speech
3. Impromptu Speech
4. Extemporaneous Speech

Objectives:

a. Distinguish the uses of the different types of speech classified according to purpose; and
b. Create a situations that illustrate according to the types of speech.

DISCUSSIONS

Types of Speeches

Organizing and Delivering Manuscript Speech

Read or Manuscript Speech

The read speech or manuscript speech is a speech that is read word for word. This is done
because such speeches require accuracy.

In this type of delivery, the speaker reads his/ her speech from prepared manuscript.
Example of this type of speech are formal speeches such as the State of the Nation Address of the
president, the keynote speech in conventions, and technical paper presentation in seminars. The
language used in these speeches is usually formal.

Guidelines in Delivering a Manuscript Speech

 Do not simply read the script. Instead, deliver the speech like you are conversing with your
audience.
 When typing your speech, set the line spacing to double space and break down your speech
into short paragraphs so you can easily read the lines. Moreover, do not cut sentences in half
and continue them to the next page.
 Print your speech in stiff paper and make sure to number the pages. Do not staple or fold the
sheets.

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 Practice delivering your initial draft and make notes about the words to be emphasized, the
pauses, and the like, as you go. Apply the changes and add the notes to your final draft.
 You may set the words to be emphasized in bold face and use the forward slash (/) to denote
pauses, as with the sample below.

We are all Filipinos, and the Philippines is our native land. // Neither the Japanese nor the

Americans/ can love the Philippines more than/ or even as much as/the Filipinos

themselves. And, regardless of the consequences of this war, / regardless of my political

conventions/ or of the political convictions of anyone else in this gathering, / each of us has

the sacred duty to serve our country and our people.

Information source: Speech of President Laurel at the luncheon in honor of Filipino scientists,
April 14, 1944 http://malacanang.gov.ph/5586-speech-of-president-laurel-at-the-luncheon-in-
honor-of-filipino-scientists-april-14-1944/

 Once you are satisfied with your draft, print a copy and practice the speech thoroughly.
 Concentrate on the major ideas so you can keep track of the flow of your speech.
 Rehearse until you do not need to look at the manuscript all the time. This way, you can focus
on establishing rapport with your audience during the actual presentation.
 Practice speaking in front of your family or friends and have them comment your delivery.
 During your speech, maintain eye contact with the audience.

Key Takeaways

When speaking from a manuscript, you write and deliver a speech word for word. The
question is, for whom in the manuscript method most advantageous?

1. Public figures. Since public figures are always constrained by a hectic schedule, they need
ghost writers. Consequently, they would have to read the text of the speech as it is. The
President’s State of the Nation address (SONA) is a concrete example of this situation.

2. Media personalities. Speakers on radio and television always battle with time limits. For
example a televised panel discussion about a social justice may require radio and TV anchors
to critically choose and refine the words of their speech in advance.

3. Spokespersons for government and private organizations. This public speaking role
requires a great deal of contemplation and preparation. For example, we have speeches of
different country’s spokespersons in an international seminar on climate change.

Potential Problems with the Manuscript Method

1. Since this type of speech follows a word-for-word method, you might be tempted to skip
practicing the speech.

2. In relation to the previous point, if you fail to practice your speech and decide to read it during
the time delivery itself, you might be glued to the speech all throughout. You may overlook
making eye contact with your audience. Note that glancing at the audience only at the end of a
sentence is not sufficient to establish and maintain rapport during their speech.

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3. Lastly, because everything is planned base on the time allotted, you will surely want to cover
everything in your speech before you run out of time. This might affect your connection with
the audience, as there is a tendency to ignore the audience and neglect responding to their
feedback when busy with the speech. Pay attention and make sure to check and adjust if the
audience displays anxiety, impatience, or boredom.

Strategies in Organizing and Delivering the Manuscript Speech

1. Practice! Practice delivering the speech several times. Mark the text. Even if it’s a manuscript,
know the speech by heart. Only if you do these can you keep frequent eye contact with the
audience.

2. Adapt! Even if you have a manuscript, feel free to modify the text when the situation demands
it. If you observe that your audience is bored, you may use shorter yet more vigorous words. If
your audience is impatient, add words of strong motivational power. If your audience is
anxious, share your personal anecdotes to lighten the mood.

Tips in Using the Manuscript Method

1. Prepare!Keep your text easy to use by neatly composing it in triple space.

2. Mark! Own your manuscript by highlighting key words and phrases. This way you will be
guided during the speech delivery.
3. Practice!You can make a lot of notes on the draft of your manuscript during the first few
rehearsals, but make sure to reprint your script, especially if you make too many changes.
4. Practice some more!Read the text over and over orally. This will help you avoid
mispronounced words, faulty starts, and wrong pauses. As you practice vary the volume, rate,
and pitch of your voice during appropriate points in the speech.
5. Concentrate! Concentrate on keeping eye contact, but do not stare at only one section of the
audience. It is the best if you familiarize yourself with the most important parts of your speech.
If you do this, you will be more confident in looking at your audience during the key points of
the speech.

6. Act it out!Use a lectern or a podium when practicing the speech. If you can find one before
the actual speech delivery, practice using it so that you will be used to laying your notes flat on
the podium and looking at them once in a while.

Organizing and Delivering a Memorized Speech

Memorized speech

It requires you to commit the speech to memory so that you do not bring your notes when
delivering it. As with the manuscript speech, you also run the risk of sounding mechanical during a
memorized delivery. For this reason, keep your memorized speech short and work harder on your
facial expressions and the tone of your voice.

Since memorizing can be very tough and mechanical, it is best that you memorize short
speeches for special occasions. A memorized speech works best for the introduction of a guest,
acceptance of award or recognition, toast, eulogy, and tribute.

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Disadvantage of the Memorized Speech

1. You might forget what you are supposed to say. Long pauses can create a very awkward
moment between you and your audience.
2. You might memorize the speech mechanically. This can result in a very unnatural delivery.
3. You might focus on content. Consequently, groping for the right words might make you look
uptight and stiff.
4. You might be too tied to remembering your script. This will give you no chance to pay attention
and respond to audience feedback.

Advantages of Delivering a Memorized Speech

1. You do not need notes anymore. Since the speech is memorized, you do not have to worry
about when to read and when to glance at your audience.
2. You can plan gestures, facial expressions, and movement. When you know the speech by
heart, it will be easier for you to work on nonverbal communication.
3. You can concentrate on visual aids and props. A memorized speech will help you focus more
on your props of you have any.
4. You will feel more confident. If you know that you have committed the speech to memory, you
will not be anxious about running out of words or not knowing what to say.

Tips in Memorizing a Speech

1. Break it down! You cannot memorize a speech has four paragraphs, you should focus on one
paragraph at a time. Once you have memorized the first paragraph, focus on the next one.
2. Build it up! After memorizing the speech in snippets, you need to put them together. Recite
the first paragraph and move on to the second. After this, recite the first and second
paragraphs and move on to the third. The next thing you know, you have completed your
speech.
3. Speak out!Do not memorize the speech silently. When you recite your speech over and over
while memorizing it, your brain multitasks and aids your memory retention.
4. Identify keys! Identify a key point in every paragraph. Even you miss out some of the words in
the actual speech delivery, you can easily expound on the key points.
5. Have a break! After memorizing some parts of your speech, take a break for some hours or
for a day. After this, recite the speech again. This will test how well you can recall what you
think you have memorized.
6. Record and listen! Record yourself delivering the speech and listen to it over and over again.
Like a song, the speech will get stuck in your head.
7. Use note cards!Write on key point on one note card. Bring these note cards wherever you go
and take them out whenever you have extra time to memorize, especially during idle times of
the day.

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Organizing and Delivering an Impromptu Speech

Impromptu Speech

Are delivered with little or no time for preparation. In most instances, you are called to speak at
the spur of the moment because you are expected to be knowledgeable about the subject.

For example, your teacher assigned you to read an article before the class starts. Then, during
the class you were asked to deliver an impromptu speech about what you have learned from the
article. Another instance to illustrate an impromptu situation when you are asked by a friend or
relative about your current or planned vacation trip; or when you are campaigning for a position in
school and you are asked by your fellow students to respond to their questions.

Strategies in Organizing and Delivering an Impromptu Speech

Below are some of the strategies that you can follow when you organize and deliver an
impromptu speech.

1. Past, Present, Future

Example: In the past, I was not comfortable in making impromptu speeches because I could not
think right away of what to say; maybe it was because of nervousness and lack of time to prepare. At
present, however, I am enjoying it because I constantly practice and keep on exposing myself to any
speaking situation. In the future, I look forward to teaching others how to survive impromptu speech
situations.

2. Point-Reason-Example/Explanation-Point

Example:

Point I love Facebook

Reason I have two reasons for this; one, it helps me easily reconnect with old
friends; and, two, I am updated on the happenings around me.

Example/Explanation Through Facebook, I am able to contact my old friends from other

countries and reminisce about wonderful memories. I am glad to be able
to reconnect with friends even if it’s only through online means. Also,
through posts on Facebook, I learn about the current events in the
country-a fact which has a bearing on y role as a citizen of this nation.

Point Facebook, indeed, is a useful social network site. That is why I love it.

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3. Opening, Rule of Three, Clincher

Example:

Opening Every time I see homeless families, it breaks my heart. That is why I try
to do at least three little things to help them.

Rule of Three  First, I feature them in my writings which I submit to editors for
publication. I highlight their sad and bad experiences living in the
streets and their dreams and aspirations in life.
 Second, I actively participate in organizing and facilitating
livelihood programs for these families.
 Finally, I join different non-profit organization in campaigns and
awareness activities against poverty.

Clincher These three are my baby steps toward achieving my vision of helping
homeless people and freeing this nation from the bondage of poverty.

In some cases, you may find yourself unaware of or uninterested in the topic. This usually happens
and it is inevitable. Distinguished Toastmasters Craig Harrison (2010) shares the following strategies
that can help you address the problem.

a. Bridging. This entails building a connection between what you do know and what you do not
know.
Example:

Topic You are asked about your reaction on the conflict in Russia.

Problem You have no knowledge about the existing conflict in Russia because
you do not follow it.

Solution Find a way to bridge what you don’t know and what you do know.

Response “I would imagine the conflict in Russia to be like a conflict in my own

family. The following are some steps that I observed in patching up the
conflict, which, in a micro level, may be considered by the Russia
government…”

b. Refraining. This means rephrasing or redefining the topic into something that you want to talk
about. This usually occurs if you think the topic is inappropriate or it is not meant for you.
If you are given a topic that you do not like or is not right for you, don’t despair. Simply
reframeit as a topic you’d like to respond to. Redefine the topic as you believe it should be, or

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at least the way you’d like it to be. Keep the structure but alter the subject. Rephrase the
question or even challenge it; you can even argue why the question given is not the right
question at all.
Example:

Topic You are asked to compare two forms of government: democratic and
parliamentary

Problem You think that it is not right for you because you are a science major.

Solution Find a pair of anything that you think is worth comparing. You can
compare natural science and social science in terms of concepts and
processes, or computers and humans in terms of capacity and efficiency.

Response “This question reminds me of the complexities in differentiating two

concepts in science. These are natural science and social science. Just
like democratic and parliamentary, these two differ in terms of concepts
and processes…”

c. Playing Devil’s Advocate. This refers to you standing on the opposite side.
Example:

Topic You are asked whether or not the government should allocate a bigger
budget for national defense.

Problem You have no idea about the defense system and you are more
knowledgeable with education.

Solution Say no to defense and yes to education.

Response “Instead of allocating more money to national defense, why not allot it to
education? Let tell you why education should be prioritized…”

Some Useful Tips in Effective Impromptu Speech

1. Smile.
2. Relax by thinking about positive things. Keep telling yourself, “I am
a brilliant speaker. I will nail this presentation.
3. Identify your purpose. Is it to inform, to entertain, to welcome, to
Before the Speech congratulate, to apologize, or to give birthday greetings?
4. Think of one big word that can serve as your main point. If you
think you have enough, think of the rule of three.
5. Start outlining in your head. Focus on what to say first. Be
reminded that your first few words are crucial, so make them

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strong, powerful and catchy.

1. When you are called, keep composed. Walk slowly to the lectern
or the center stage.
2. Shake hands with the one who introduced you, if necessary.
3. As you stand to deliver, establish eye contact, and begin right
away with your opening statements. Part of your opening is

During the Speech greeting your audience.

4. From your initial idea to the next, use appropriate transitional
devices.
5. Observe appropriate and effective nonverbal cues.
6. Observe time limit. Remember, you barely have five minutes to
say something.

After the Speech 1. Say thank you.

2. Return to your place comfortably.

Organizing and Delivering an Extemporaneous Speech

Extemporaneous Speech

An extemporaneous speech is a planned and prepared speech. Unlike memorized or

manuscript speeches which are delivered word-for-word, an extemporaneous speech is delivered
with the help of short notes and a clear outline.

Most people who speak in public often prefer the extemporaneous method of delivery.
Although it might look more challenging than the manuscript or memorized speeches, it is more
spontaneous and personal.

Three Steps in Studying your Extemporaneous Topic

1. Identify the type of extemporaneous question that you have to answer.

 Is it a question offact?

This type of question is typically answerable by "Yes" or "No." It revolves around whether
something is true or not, existent or not.

Example:

 Is Syria's crisis a problem of the whole world?

 Is it a question ofvalue?

It is centered on whether a topic is good or bad, moral or immoral, just or unjust.

Example:

 Is it better for the European nations to step in and aid Syria or ignore the country's civil crisis?

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 Is it a question of policy?

It is focused on what policy or rule should be followed.

Example:

 Should European countries enforce laws to accommodate Syrian refugees?

2. Determine if your topic is informative or persuasive.

3. Stick to your topic and look at all of the sides and angles of the problem.

Steps in Preparing for a Successful Extemporaneous Speech

1. Reinforce! You may explore other main points, but always refer back to your thesis. This will
greatly help your audience remember your message.

2. Capture! State the central idea of your extemporaneous speech in one declarative sentence. Keep
yoursentence specific. Ask yourself what you exactly want your audience to know.

3. Develop!Now that you have a clear central idea, you are ready to map out the supporting points in
an outline.

4.Introduce! In the introduction, make sure you:

 Grab the attention of the audience with a striking one liner.

 Give a short background by explaining why they have to listen.

 State your thesis.

5. Check!Develop at least three main points and check each of them with these questions:

 Does each point have one single idea?

 Does each point reiterate the thesis statement?

 Does each point prepare the discussion of the next main point?

6. Supply! Make sure that each main point has enough examples, testimonies, statistics, or cases. In
doing this, you give the audience new information or views to learn from.

7. Conclude! Reinforce your introduction by coming up with a closing attention-getter that is related
to your opening. Connect the needs and interest of your audience with the theme of your speech.
Restate your thesis or review your main points.

Sample Outline for an Extemporaneous Speech

l. Introduction
A. Opening attention-getter
B. The need to listen
C. Thesis Statement

ll. Body
A. Main Point 1
1. Subpoint 1

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a. Evidence
B. Statistics
2. Subpoint 2
a. Evidence
b. Statistics

B. Main Point 2
1. Subpoint 1
a. Evidence
B. Statistics
2. Subpoint 2
a. Evidence
b. Statistics

Ill.Conclusion
A. Closing attention-getter
B. Restatement of thesis or review of main point

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NAME: _________________________________________

STRAND AND YEAR: ____________________

DATE: ________________

ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY

A. Write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if the statement is wrong. Write your answer on
the space provided before the number.

_______1. After your speech, it is appropriate to say “Thank you” to the organizer for the speaking
opportunity.

_______2. If you find the topic uninteresting, you say, “I don't think the topic is stimulating enough. I
don’t like to say something about it”.

_______3. Impromptu is definitely different from other forms of speeches.

_______4. Impromptu speaking challenges the speaker’s ability to organize ideas and deliver
effectively in a very short period.

_______5. One way to relax is to over-think.

_______6. Saying sorry because you did not prepare is appropriate in an impromptu speech.

_______7. In an impromptu speech, there is no need for nonverbal cues.

_______8. There are strategies that can help in verbalizing thoughts.

_______9. Warming up before the speech can ease your tensed nerves.

_______10. In impromptu speaking, your audiences don’t care about your transitions anymore.

B. Tell if each of the extemporaneous topics below is a thesis statement to a question of fact
(F), question of value (V) or a question of policy (P). Write the letter that corresponds to
your answer before each number.

_______1. Video games make its players violent.

_______2. Marijuana should be legalized.

_______3. Using cell phones while driving is dangerous.

_______4. Adoptees should have the right to know who their parents are.

_______5. Zoos are not good for the conversation of the species.

_______6. Examination results provide real indication of ability.

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_______7. Knowing your ancestry is important.

_______8. Absences cause students to fail a subject.

_______9. Love is more powerful than hate.

_______10. Forgiving is forgetting.

_______11. We are what we eat.

_______12. College students should have curfews.

_______13. The school is a second home.

_______14. A half-truth is a whole lie.

_______15. Jeepneys cause traffic in the Philippines.

_______16. Junk food should not be sold in campus.

_______17. The President of the Philippines should be responsible for the 2015 Manasapano
massacre.

_______18. Filipinos eat healthy.

_______19. Assignments stress students on weekends.

_______20. Eating should be allowed in the classroom.

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NAME: _________________________________________

STRAND AND YEAR: ____________________

DATE: ________________

EVALUATION

A. In 300 to 500 words, write a short persuasive speech about any of the topics in the box below.
Make sure you have an introduction, body, and conclusion. Write your answer on the space
provided.

 Lying is always wrong.

 Facebook (or any other form of social media) is replacing the
need for face to face communication.
 Money is not the root of all evil.
 Gay marriage is acceptable.
 Being a good person is learned.
 What is “right” and “wrong” changes from generation to
generation.
 What we think, we are.
 Poverty begins in mind.
 Divorce damages children.
 Cultural differences should be celebrated.

Check your Understanding

Features 4 3 2 1
Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner

Very informative Somewhat Gives some new Gives no new

Quality of and well- informative and information but information and
Writing organized organized poorly organized very poorly
organized

So many
Virtually no Few spelling and A number of spelling,
spelling, punctuation spelling, punctuation and
Grammar, punctuation or errors, minor punctuation or grammatical
Usage & grammatical grammatical grammatical errors that it
Mechanics errors errors errors interferes with
the meaning

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B. Speeches for special occasions are perfect fit for a memorized speech because they are short
and simple. Now, choose any of the following occasions and write a five sentences of
speech.Write your answer on the space provided.

1. Introducing a person
2. Giving a toast during a wedding
3. Presenting an award
4. Accepting an award
5. Giving tribute to a person, place or event

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