Teen Alcohol Use: Causes & Effects
Teen Alcohol Use: Causes & Effects
Group 3
Abella, Michelle A.
Fajardo, Fe Luzse
Geverola, Lance
Paller, Melsan
March 2018
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our gratitude to the following persons for their
The panel members Ms. Jowena Castro and Mr. Jerson Jaylord Alejandro for the
guidance and for sharing their experience that helped us improve our study.
Sr. Elnora R. Taparan PM, Saint Michael’s School of Padada Director and Mr.
Jerry B. Galdiano Matre, MaEd, the school principal for granting the researchers
To the researcher’s family and friends for their untiring support, unconditional love
And above all, to the source of all knowledge and wisdom he blessed the
researchers in making this study successful. Thank you God with you nothing is
impossible.
The study was conducted to determine the causes and effect of the alcoholic drinks
towards the underage drinkers. The study help the teenager to know the possibilities and
negativities of their drinking vices. It shows that the primary reason why they drink
alcoholic drinks is that they are experiencing family problem, peer pressure, ignorance
and influenced by friends that leads into negative outcomes. The purpose of the study is
to help the underage drinker in terms of their participation in school and the willingness
to pursue their studies though they have this drinking vices. Parents’ advices, guidance
and appreciation is needed to enlighten the minds of the young ages in this kind of
situation.
The Life of the Underage Drinker
Conceptual Framework……………………………………………………… 7
Assumption ………………………………………………………………….. 9
II: Method
Participants ……………………………………………………………………10
Summary ………………………………………………………… 16
Recommendations …………………………………………………………………… 17
Conclusions ………………………………………………………………. 17
V: Appendices, Reference, and Curriculum Vitae …………………………….. 18-28
1
Chapter I
In 2005, annual global consumption reached 6.13 liters per person over 15 years
old. (That’s 6.13 liters of pure alcohol, not alcoholic beverages.) But we weren’t all
imbibing equally: Only about 50 percent of the world’s people consume all of its alcohol,
and most of them are in the wealthier Northern hemisphere. In fact, entire countries
(mostly Muslim) hardly drink at all. Most shockingly, nearly half the world’s population-
and more than half of the world’s women---have never tippled in their lives (Sessions,
2011).
The major change in drinking rates that occurred wasn’t for the better. A 2008
WHO survey found that 71 percent of the countries measured had seen an increase in
drinking among teenagers aged to 13 to 15, and 80 percent had seen an increase among
young adults aged 18 to 25. Binge drinking is also on the rise worldwide, with the WHO
attributed in part to the rise of “alcopops”-sugary, caffeinated alcoholic drinks like Four
Many Filipino teenagers, like most youths in the Western Pacific region, are
becoming habitual drinkers and are un aware of the harmful effects of alcohol abuse.
Alcohol consumption among the youth is nearing an alarming level, the World Health
Organization (WHO) reported yesterday, with as many as 75 percent of the youth in the
region guzzling booze at an average of two to three times a week (Jaymalin, 2006).
2
Nevertheless, it is still the case that is considered more appropriate for men than women
to drink. Parents are more lax with boys, giving them more freedom to drink alcohol than
their sisters. The teenagers said their family, friends, and mass media have influenced
them to experiment with drinking alcohol. Underscoring the critical role that the family
plays in youth behaviors, young people seem to take their cue from their own parents’
attitude and behavior. Thus, a boy who grows up with an alcoholic father is more likely to
Related Literature
Underage drinking is a serious public health problem in the United States. Alcohol
is the most widely used substance of abuse among America's youth and drinking by
young people poses enormous health and safety risks. The consequences of underage
drinking can affect everyone - regardless of age or drinking status (NIAAA, 2017).
The global burden of disease from alcohol exceeds that of tobacco in large part because
acute consequences of alcohol use lead to death and disability in the younger years of
life. There is evidence of a convergence in drinking patterns among the young, towards
products marketed to youth cultures and tastes, and associated in developed countries
with drinking to intoxication and with acute consequences such as motor vehicle crashes,
3
people in many countries are beginning to drink at earlier ages, while research in
developed countries has found early initiation of alcohol use to be associated with greater
consequences of alcohol use, the document describes the globalization of alcohol brands
and marketing designed to embed alcohol products and consumption into the lifestyles of
community level as well as of policies such as minimum drinking age laws and alcohol
governmental and nongovernmental organization need to work for the adoption and
heavy toll on morbidity and mortality among young people and the population at large
(Geneva, 2001).
nationwide surveys as well as studies in smaller populations. According to data from the
2005 Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, an annual survey of U.S youth, three-fourths of
12th graders, more than two-thirds of 10th graders, and about two in every five 8th
graders have consumed alcohol. And when youth drink they tend to drink intensively,
4
often consuming four to five drinks at one time. MTF data show that 11 percent of 8th
graders, 22 percent of 10th graders, and 29 percent of 12th graders had engaged in heavy
episodic (or "binge1") drinking within the past two weeks. The National Institute of Alcohol
Abuse and Alcoholism defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking alcohol that brings
blood alcohol concentration to 0.08 grams percent or above. For the typical adult, this
pattern corresponds to consuming five or more drinks, or four or more drinks, in about 2
hours.
Research also shows that many adolescents start to drink at very young ages.
In 2003, the averages age of first use alcohol was about 14, compared to about
17. People who reported starting to drink before the age of 15 were four times more likely
to also report meeting the criteria for alcohol dependence at some point in their lives. In
fact, new research shows that the serious drinking problems (including what is called
alcoholism) typically associated with middle age actually begin to appear much earlier,
Other research shows that the younger children and adolescents are when they
start to drink, more likely they will be engage in behaviors that harm themselves and
others. For example, frequent binge drinkers (nearly 1 million high school students
nationwide) are more likely to engage in risky behaviors, including using other drugs such
5
Alcohol consumption and problems related to alcohol vary widely around the world,
but the burden of disease and death remains significant in most countries. Alcohol
consumption is the world’s third largest risk factor for disease and disability; in middle-
income countries, it is the greatest risk. Alcohol is a causal factor in 60 types of diseases
and injuries and a component cause in 200 others. Almost 4% of all deaths worldwide are
Alcohol is also associated with many serious social issues, including violence, child
neglect and abuse, and absenteeism in the workplace. Yet, despite all these problems,
the harmful use of alcohol remains a low priority in public policy, including in health policy.
Many lesser health risks have higher priority. The harmful use of alcohol is a particularly
grave threat to men. It is the leading risk factor for death in males ages 15-59, mainly due
to injuries, violence and cardiovascular diseases. Globally, 6.2% of all male deaths are
2003).
Men also have far greater rates of total burden attributed to alcohol than women –
7.4% for men compared to 1.4% for women. Men outnumber women four to one in weekly
episodes of heavy drinking – most probably the reason for their higher death and disability
rates. Men also have much lower rates of abstinence compared to women. Lower
6
alcohol-related death, disease and injury – a social determinant that is greater for men
The world’s highest alcohol consumption levels are found in the developed world,
including Western and Eastern Europe. High-income countries generally have the highest
alcohol consumption. However, it does not follow that high income and high consumption
always translate into high alcohol-related problems and high-risk drinking (World Health
Organization, 2003).
Western European countries have some of the highest consumption rates but their
net alcohol-attributable mortality rates are relatively low, though their alcohol-related
disease burden may be high. Many eastern European countries have the highest
deaths and disabilities. Every fifth death is due to harmful drinking in the Commonwealth
of Independent States (CIS). Outside of the Russian Federation and some neighboring
countries, rates of disease and disability attributable to alcohol are also quite high, for
example, in Mexico and in most South American countries (World Health Organization,
2003).
In the Philippines, drinking alcoholic beverages beyond one’s capacity to the point
of intoxication is a risky behavior in which most young people get involved at some time.
In a survey conducted by the University of the Philippines, 60 percent or 5.3 million Filipino
youths are said to be drinking alcoholic beverages. About 4.2 million of them are males
and 1.1 million are females. The study stated that most of the Filipino
7
teenagers have tried cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs. In fact, there are more alcoholic
On the average, Filipino youths start drinking alcohol at the age of 16 or 17.
However, there are also many cases when children as young as 12 years old are already
drinking alcoholic beverages. About 37 percent of the respondents in the survey have
continued the habit of drinking alcohol while 33 percent said they only drink alcoholic
beverages on special occasions. Some 17 percent said they have already decided to stop
Conceptual Framework
The Life of
an
Successes Underage Challenges
Drinker
To provide direction and flow of the study, a conceptual framework was presented.
studying well and participating in school activities. They still want to continue studying
8
Challenges. It referred to the difficult experiences on the participants of underage
drinkers such as they experienced disobeying and talking back to their parents. They are
Theoretical Framework
Theories have been generated to explain about the case of The Life of the
Underage Drinkers.
According to models such as the theory of planned behavior, alcohol use can be
largely explained by the alcohol related expectancies for both positive and negative
outcomes. Initiation and continuation of drinking, as well as the onset of problem drinking,
are strongly and positively associated with expected benefits of drinking and negatively
years old rank reduced tension and impaired behavioral functioning highest , 15 to 16
years old cite enhanced sexual performance and increased power as top alcohol
expectancies.
9
Specific questions that the researcher aims to answer;
3. What can the school and the community contribute to lessen underage drinking?
4. What are your experiences that leads you to become an early drinkers?
Assumption
Those individuals who drink at a young age are far more likely to develop alcoholism later
in life.
10
CHAPTER II
Method
Research Design
Case study is an empirical inquiry that investigates a phenomenon within its real-
life context. Case study research can mean single and multiple case studies, can include
quantitative evidence, relies on multiple sources of evidence, and benefits from the prior
Participants
The participants are senior high school from a private sectarian school. Vann, Ken
and Kara (not their real name) are a little bit known in their batch as early drinkers.
Records from the Prefect of Discipline and Guidance can also be of help.
Vann. The child is the eldest among the two (2) siblings. He is seventeen (17)
years old and in the 12th grade level. He is living together with his mother. His mother is
a house wife while his father is a tricycle driver. His house is a half concrete and in
11
Ken. The child is the second eldest among five(5) siblings. He is seventeen (17)
years old and in the 12th grade level. His mother is an agriculturist in the municipal while
Kara. The child is the eldest among two (2) siblings. She is fifteen (15) years old
and in the 9th grade level. Her father is an OFW while her mother is a house wife.
Sampling design
sample that is selected based on characteristics of a population and the objective of the
Ethical considerations
In finding the participants, the researchers considered to hide his/her real name
and school for it is confidential. The researchers clearly stated that they will protect the
reputation and image of our subjects and specific information about him/her. Through a
letter, the researchers also informed and ask permission of the school director, principal
The researchers also consider the emotions and current state of the participant on
how they should ask him/her the questions that they prepared and how it will affect
12
them. Lastly, the researchers will pick a place that also making sure that no one is around
Sources of Data
In the primary data source, the researchers developed the interview guide
questions to examine the life of an underage drinker. There were four (4) questions the
research prepared for the respondents in accordance to the objective of the study. The
questions examine the life of an underage drinker. The entire duration of the interview
To strengthen the primary data gathered from the interview, the researchers utilize
the secondary sources such as the attendance records and the behavioral profile.
After they agreed we prepare some important questions for them to answer. We
Data Analysis
The researchers will be using a Voice Recorder to record the important lines
coming from the participants. And also the researchers will be using a Laptop to encode
Chapter III
This section presents the result of the study and the elements of the discussion of
One of the objectives of this study is to explore the successes in the life of an
underage drinker. Successes of the underage drinkers are to pursue their study and to
minimize their drinking habit. The verbal responses from the interview guide of the
The Learning Motivation of the Children. The big successes in the life of an
underage drinker was their motivation to pursue their education in spite of influence of
peer pressure and personal problems. This was supported with the statement of Vann:
complex skills without consciously trying at all. Infants and children do not set out to learn
any of the vast repertoire of skills that they gain in the first years. Instead, they study the
faces, voices, and actions of others out of a deep biological need for
14
emotional interaction with those who love and care for them. They simply find themselves
in a social and cultural context that values certain skills and uses them
things, like receive a smile from your conversational partner or be soothed by your
Key motivations were those relating to social facilitation and the increased comfort
in social situations, individual benefits and social norms and influences (including wider
social norms and peer influence). The main outcomes were grouped into consequences
for health and personal safety (including walking home alone). The variety, prevalence
and severity of these outcomes clearly supports the notion that binge drinking increases
the risk of potential harm. Alcohol education, and the promotion of ‘safer’ or more
‘sensible’ drinking. Of interest, the highlighted that the youngest age groups, typically
aged 14–15 in this sample, were prone to more harmful outcomes given their
outcomes. The findings also argue the case for the compulsory inclusion of alcohol
Challenges refer to the varied difficulties and concerns of the life of an underage
drinker. The life of the underage drinker refers to challenges they’ve met in terms of being
with the influence of peer pressure, broken family and influence of family members. This
was supported with the statement of Vann: “Naimpluwensiyahan ko sa akong mga uyuan
mao to nakakat-on” (I was influenced by my uncles and then I learned) and Ken shared:
“Naimpluwensyahan man gud ko sa akong mga barkada kay na nay kaisa gidala ko nila,
nag inom sila, nasuya ko og na op ko (out of place)” (I was influenced by my friends and
one day they invited me, they drink and I was envy and out of place) and Kara mentioned
that: “nag lingaw lingaw lang…kanang lingaw lingaw sa barkada in ana ragud og usahay
broken family” (Just having fun…having fun with friends and sometimes broken family).
The responses find support from the point of view of (Valbuena, 2001) that the teenagers
said their family, friends, and the mass media have influenced them to experiment with
drinking alcohol. Underscoring the critical role that the family plays in youth behaviors,
young people seem to take their cue from their own parents' attitudes and behavior.
16
Chapter IV
This chapter presents the summary of the entire study, as well as drawn
conclusions from the findings of research. Also, the succeeding pages provide the
recommendations geared towards satisfying the objective and significance of the study.
Summary
The study was conducted for the purpose on determining the successes and
challenges of the life of an underage drinker. The research is qualitative in nature. A case
study research method was utilize and the transcription of the responses from the
conducted interview was employed to gather and analyze the data. The three underage
drinkers of a private sectarian school of Davao del Sur were the respondents of the study.
The study was conducted during the School Year 2017-2018. The study revealed the
following findings:
1. The successes of the life of the underage drinkers are the following: the
3. Contributions of the school and community towards the life of the underage
drinkers are the following: they teach values and discipline the students.
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Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study the following conclusions were drawn:
1. The responses of the participants foretell that in spite of bad influence they still
Recommendations
In the light of the results and the conclusions drawn from the study, the following
communication skills, and problem solving. Parents must give full attention to their
children and strengthen their relation to them so that they will discourage drinking
liquors.
stage children are more curious on what are the things they encountered.
are the one that can understand them and can educate them on things they do not
know.
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APPENDIX-J
Health Awareness I knew the effect of I knew the effect of I knew it, it can
this drinking vices of it, it can damage our damage our health.
mine, I just try to health and in our (Kabalo ko
drink for me not to liver. makadaot ni sa
be ignorant in this (Kabalo uy, health).
things. makadaot man gani
(Kabalo man ko sa ni sa lawas pog
epekto sa akong atay).
pag-inom-inom, ni
try lang ko para dili
ko maignorante
aning butanga).
Parental Guidance My mother and My parents knew it My parents knew it,
father knew it, they and they said I at first they scolded
scolded me, they should not drink too me but time passed
talk to me and give much. they just let me.
me advices. (Kabalo akong (Kabalo sila uy,pag
(Kabalo man sila parents uy, tapos una ila kong
mama og papa, ila ana sila dili lang gikasab an tapos
kong gi kasab –an, daw magpalabi og kadugayan
giistoryahan, nya inom-inom). gipasagdan nako
giotambagan). nila).
School Participation It does not affect my It does not affect my It does not affect my
studies because studies because I studies because I
Ialways go to only drink when did not commit
school, besides I did there is an absences in school.
not drink alcoholic occasion. (Wala naka apekto
drinks every day. (Wala man naka- kay wala man ko
(Wala naka-apekto apekto kay muinom naga absent).
uy, kay naga skwela raman ko kung nay
raman gihapon ko okasyon).
og dili man sad ko
dlaw-adlaw naga
inom).
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APPENDIX-J
CHALLENGES IN THE LIFE OF THE UNDERAGE DRINKERS
REFERENCES
Formal - methods. Cost of illness. Public policy. World Health Organization, WHO Press.
Sessions, (2011). Alcohol Problems Around the World. .The daily beast.
Valbuena, (2001), Alcohol and media: The situation in the Philippines. Health Action
NIAAA, (2017), Binge Drinking: Predictors, Patterns, and Consequences, The Journal of
Geneva, (2001), Global Status Report: Alcohol and Young People, 01.1
Coleman et al., (2009), Underage ‘binge’ drinking into motivations and outcomes, Drugs:
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background
Personal Background
Educational Background