State and Nation in

the Age of
Globalization
Lesson Objectives:
This week’s lesson introduces you the basic concepts of
states and nation, essential elements of the state, forms of
globalization and the relationship among nations and states
in the context of globalization.
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to relate the
knowledge and ideas that you have gained with your daily
activities and interpret how globalization impact the political,
economic and socio-cultural aspects of the state and
nation.
 In this lesson, you are expected to:

• define nation and state;

• differentiate nation and state;
• explain meanings of globalization;
• evaluate how globalization influences state and nation; and
• analyse the relationship among nations and states in the
context of globalization.
 It is a political community that has sovereign
jurisdiction over a clearly defined territory and
exercises authority through several institutions
including the government.

A Globalization B Nation

C Sovereignty D State

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 It is an agency to which the political ideology
of the state is expressed and carried out.

A People B Territory

C Government D Sovereignty

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 It is a large body of people united by common
descent, history, culture, or
language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.

A State B Nation

C People D Globalization

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 It is a process of interaction and integration among the
people, companies, and governments of different nations,
a process driven by international
trade and investment and aided by information technology.

A State B Nation

C Territory D Globalization

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 Globalization is the process of interaction and integration
among people companies and governments worldwide. The
following statements areadvantages of globalization to one
state or nation except one, which is this?

Development of Growing influence

A trade systems B of international
organizations

Interpenetration Globalization is a
C of cultures D threat to our
environment

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What related territorial issue was depicted by this picture. In 4-5 sentences give your
insights about it.
Meaning of State
Meaning of State According to De Leon (2009), as stated
by Liao (2014) a state is a community of nations more or
less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of
territory, having a government of their own to which the
great body of inhabitants render obedience and enjoying
freedom from external control.
Elements of a State
Liao (2014) further explains that states
are created based on the elements
mentioned below. According to him, if
these requirements are not followed or
if there is a conflict or issue in one of
the elements, the legitimacy of the
state is always challenged. He further
emphasized that it is important that a
state is recognized by the international
community, because without
recognition, its existence, authority and
power are always in doubt.
Elements of a State
1. People is the organization of human beings living
together as a community.
2. Territory refers to the territorial domains over which
the state exercises control or sovereignty which
includes all the land, sea and airspace the state
exercises jurisdiction on.
3. Government is an agency to which the political
ideology of the state is expressed and carried out.
4. Sovereignty it is the power of the state to enforce the
law over its people within its jurisdiction and demand
Two Types of Sovereignty

Internal Sovereignty External Sovereignty

• the power and freedom

• the power of the
of the state to carry out
state to command its activities without
authority within its foreign domination or
jurisdiction. control.
 Duties of the State
According to Liao (2014) the following are the concerns of the state
which are also considered as its duties or responsibilities.

1. Peace and order and national security

2. Political harmony or good laws
3. Social justice
4. Economic development
5. Individual and collective development of people
A nation is a group of people
bound
together by certain
characteristics and
shares the same history,
ancestry,
culture, and language.
Liao (2014)
• State and nation are often used
interchangeably. Although many
people think they are the same, in
context and concept the words
nation and state are vastly different
from one another.
• State and nation’s functionalities
and attributes can be used to
analyse the difference between the
two terms.
Choose the concepts
from the box regarding
the differences and
similarities of a nation
and a state. Organize the
concepts in a w-diagram,
and answer the questions
that follows. Write your
answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
 Answer the following questions:

• What makes a • Can nation be a

nation-state? state and vice
• How is nation versa?
related with
state?
 How State is created? A state may be created by:

• Revolution. It refers to a
movement, often violent to Example:
overthrow an old regime o American Revolution
and effect a complete o EDSA Revolution – there is
change in the fundamental a change in the structure of
institution of society. government
 How State is created? A state may be created by:

• Unification. The process

of being united or made
into a whole. Many states
joined together to form as Example: Germany
one.
 How State is created? A state may be created by:

• Secession. The act of

Example: Timor-Leste with
separating from a nation
or state and become
the help of UN, Indonesia
independent. ceded its claim. This is what
Taiwan wants from China,
also those pro-democracy in
Hong Kong.
 How State is created? A state may be created by:

• Assertion of
Independence. The act
of stating something or
exercising authority Example: former Yugoslavia,
confidently and forcefully. Kosovo
 How State is created? A state may be created by:

• Agreement – It is
negotiated and typically
legally binding
arrangement between Example: Netherlands
parties as to course of
action.
1. Do you consider Taiwan as a state? Why?

2. Why do some past government officials like Associate

Justice Carpio, Former Foreign Secretary Del Rosario urging
the Duterte Administration the Arbitral Ruling won by the
Philippines against China in the Internal Court of Justice (or
the assertion of ownership of the Philippines in the West
Philippine Sea)?
3. What cultural belief and value systems do you share
with the larger Philippine society which makes you feel
that you belong to the Filipino nation?
Modified TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is
correct. If incorrect, replace the underlined word or words to
make the statement correct. Write your answer before the
number.