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Automatic Water Level Controller Report Final

This document is a major project report submitted by seven students for their Diploma in Electrical Engineering. It details the design, development and testing of a water level controller. The project aims to automatically control water levels in tanks by turning pumps on and off when the water reaches certain high and low thresholds. The report includes the objectives, analysis, hardware selection, circuit diagram, enclosure drawing, final product photo, bill of materials, conclusion, and bibliography for the project.

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Debesh
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3K views

Automatic Water Level Controller Report Final

This document is a major project report submitted by seven students for their Diploma in Electrical Engineering. It details the design, development and testing of a water level controller. The project aims to automatically control water levels in tanks by turning pumps on and off when the water reaches certain high and low thresholds. The report includes the objectives, analysis, hardware selection, circuit diagram, enclosure drawing, final product photo, bill of materials, conclusion, and bibliography for the project.

Uploaded by

Debesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


BY

Laxmikanta Maji Reg.no-D202103144


Proloy sarkar Reg.no-D202103148
Manisankar Maikap Reg.no-D202103145
Papu Gantait Reg.no-D202103147
Arpan Das Reg.no-D202103130
Sujit Samanta Reg.no-D202103166
Rishiraj Mukherjee Reg.no-D202103152

Under Supervision of
Mr. Satyaban Basuri
(Duration: 05th December,2022- 30th March
,2023)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


RAMAKRISHNA MISSION SHILPAPITHA
Approved by West Bengal State Council of Technical Education and All
India Council of Technical Education

Major Project on Fabrication of Water Level


Controller
INDEX

S.no Contents Page no

1. Objectives

1.1 Uses

1.2 Classification

1.3 Targeted Area

2. Analysis

3. Hardware Selection

4. Circuit Diagram

5. Enclosure diagram

6. Finished Product Picture

7. Bill of Material

8. Conclusion

9. Bibliography
1. OBJECTIVE

1.1 Uses

 Can be used in water tanks to control water levels


 Automatically turn ON/OFF pumps
 Can be used in factories, commercial complexes, apartments,
home,
 Fuel tank level gauging
 Oil tank level control
 High & low-level alarms
 Pool water level control
 Life station switches
 Leachate level control
 Cooling tower water level control
 Sewage pump level control
 Remote monitoring liquid
 Water level control
 Pump controller
 Stream level monitoring
 Sump pump
 Tsunami warning and sea level monitoring
 Process batch control & monitoring
 Irrigation control

1.2 Classification

 By Type
1.Float switch sensor working principle
2.probe level sensor working principle
3.ultrasonic level sensor working principle
 By Application
1.Industrial
2.Commercial

1.3 Targeted Areas


 Home Application
 Industrial Application.
 Commercial Application
 Water Distribution System
 Etc

2.ANALYSIS
 INTRODUCTION:
Now a days world is highly depend on industrial technology of much production.
Day after day the population is increasing whereas the resources to meet the
demand of the people are limited. So people have to rely greatly on automatic
control. A control system therefore can be defined as a device, or set of devices,
that manages commands, directs or regulates the behavior of other device or
system.Consequently, automatic controlling involves designing a control system
to function with minimal or no human interference.There are many ways of
controlling the level of water. Conventional float system, various types of
switching system such as pull-push switching system, relay system, using sensor
as a level indicator.

In this project relay switching system was applied to automatic


control the pump as well as water level. This device can be installed anywhere in
a suitable place so that it can be monitored and necessary action can be taken if
required. The function of this device is to start and stop the water pump
whenever the preset water level in the overhead water tank reached that means
the pump will automatic start when the water level in the tank is below a certain
level and stop when it is over a certain level. It Offers saving of electricity and
wastage of water. When the upper tank is full then the variable resistance rotate
750 then the connection of the variable resistance is short therefore the pump is
off. Again when the water is reduced from the upper tank then the variable
resistance rotates with reducing water at a certain level of water of the upper
tank the connection of the variable resistance is open therefore the pump is on.

 THEORY:
The water level in an overhead tank can be controlled automatically by
implementing the idea as explained in the following figure. The transducer is
mounted on the overhead tank as shown. A float is fitted with it in such a way
that when the water comes down, the output of the transducer is higher than the
reference voltage, which changes the output of the Schmitt trigger to high state.
This HIGH output is fed to the driver and relay circuit as shown below. The relay is
energized, causing the common terminal connected to the NO contact of it. Thus
the motor and the pump are, switched ON, filling water to the tank. In this
process, when water level goes high ,the tank is almost full, the floats comes up
such that the output voltage of the transducer becomes lower than the reference
voltage. Therefore the Schmitt trigger output changes to LOW state. This LOW
signal to the driver switches OFF the relay and the motor. Thereby the pump is
stopped. The upper and lower level of water to be controlled in this process may
be predetermined by selecting proper feedback resister in the Schmitttagger
circuit as explained in the experiment.

3. HARDWARE SELECTION

 Mechanical Components of This project


I. Pump
II. Base with tanks
III. Tap
 Electrical Components of This Project
1. Transistor, BC 547
2. Resistor 1M-Two-each,220 Ohm-one- each.
3. coil voltage: 12 volt Dc, contactcurrent: 10Ac,contact Voltage : 220v ac-01
4. Motor pump set-01V.
5. Diode, D4007-01
6. D C power supply Adaptor, 12 volt-01
7. Project Board-01
8. Light emitting Diode (LED)-01
9. Female Port

4. Circuit Diagram
5.Enclosure Diagram
6.Finished Product Picture
7. BILL OF MATERIALS

Name of components Quantities Price

555 IC 1 40

1 M Resistor 2 6

220 ohm Resistor 1 6

Transistor BC 547 1 6

12V Adapter 1 200

12 v Relay Coil 1 50

Enclosure Box 1 50

Female plug 1 10

Wire As required 30

LED 1 5

Diode D4007-01 1 3

Bulb & holder 1 (12w), 1 holder 50

Print 30

Total 486 /-
8. CONCLUSION

In modern days the automatic water level controller is an essential component


using in domestic and industrial purpose used in water tank .Before the
invention of automation or automatic system water was poured into tank by
manually operated pump .But day by day human don’t have enough time to
manage little time for this purpose. Therefore a small device was invented by
the human that is automatic water level controller .it work is to start the pump
at a time when the water level is under predetermined level. It has an sensor
that sense the water level increasing or decreasing in manner . It provides
some benifits like time wasting is not possible, water can be save and so on. It
has earn a lot of human praise so it uses widely in the market. It is very cheap
and easily available. And also we can manufacture it in our home buy some
component with very low cost. Therefore the automatic water level controller
become widely popular .
We made it very easily by using some component in low
cost from market . The test may be complete but using a pump or light holder
.It can operate at various water level .The LED will blink or glow when the bulb
or the pump will start and OFF when the motor is also off.
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
The following Websites & Videos are referred during the analysis and
execution phase of the project

1. https://www.slideshare.net/selvalakshmi24/stms-220588712

2. https://easyelectronicsproject.com/mini-projects/automatic-water-pump-
switch/

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