Universidad del Valle de Guatemala
Alfredo Trigueros Ravanales / 18075
Diseño de Obras Hidráulicas
1. Variables:
Name ≔ 40.70 Namo ≔ 39 Naa ≔ 18.90 Nsc ≔ 17.60 A ≔ 23.95
Qmax ≔ 48.07 h2 ≔ 1.3 g ≔ 9.81 z ≔ 0.4 tc ≔ 0.45
γagua ≔ 1.000 γazolves ≔ 2.700 γconcreto ≔ 2.400 W ≔ 11 D≔8
m1 ≔ 0.15 I≔8 n ≔ 0.3
2. Cálculos:
2.1. Cota de la corona:
1 1
K ≔ 1 + ―――D
= 1.748 β ≔ ――――-14
= 0.07
0.4 ⋅ ―― ――
W W
e 9 + 19 ⋅ e
2
h ≔ 0.073 ⋅ K ⋅ W ⋅ ‾‾‾‾
D ⋅ β = 1.049 H ≔ Name - Nsc = 23.1
hs1 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ z ⋅ tc ⋅ ‾‾‾‾
g ⋅ H = 1.355 hs2 ≔ 0.4 + 0.76 ⋅ ((I - 6)) = 1.92
hs ≔ max ⎛⎝hs1 , hs2⎞⎠ = 1.92
Co1 ≔ Name + h + 0.4 = 42.149 Co3 ≔ Name + hs2 + 0.4 = 43.02
Co2 ≔ Name + hs1 + 0.4 = 42.455 Co ≔ max ⎛⎝Co1 , Co2 , Co3⎞⎠ = 43.02
2.2. Altura de la presa:
Hpresa ≔ Co - Nsc = 25.42
2.3. Borde Libre:
BL ≔ Co - Name = 2.32
2.4. Ancho de la corona:
Bc ≔ 1.6 ⋅ Hpresa 0.315 = 4.434 Bc ≔ 4.5
2.5. Talud aguas abajo:
m2 ≔ 0.8
B ≔ m1 ⋅ H + m2 ⋅ H = 21.945
h1 ≔ Hpresa - ((Co - Namo)) = 21.4 b1 ≔ m1 ⋅ h1 = 3.21
b2 ≔ B - b1 - Bc = 14.235 h2 ≔ b2 ⋅ m2 = 11.388
2.6. Determinación de la fuerza de presión:
H1 ≔ Name - Nsc + 1 = 24.1 b≔1
1
W1 ≔ ―⋅ γagua ⋅ H1 2 ⋅ b = 290.405
2
H2 ≔ Naa - Nsc + 1 = 2.3 H3 ≔ Name - Nsc + 1 = 24.1
H4 ≔ Naa - Nsc + 1 = 2.3
1 1
1 1
W2 ≔ ―⋅ γagua ⋅ H2 2 ⋅ b = 2.645 W3 ≔ ― ⋅ γagua ⋅ H3 2 ⋅ m1 = 43.561
2 2
1
W4 ≔ ― ⋅ γagua ⋅ H4 2 ⋅ m2 = 2.116
2
Asum ≔ 49.68 Vcp ≔ Asum ⋅ 1 = 49.68 E ≔ Vcp ⋅ γagua = 49.68
2.7. Peso de la estructura:
Figura Área Volumen
1 A1 ≔ 4.5 ⋅ 25.42 = 114.39 V1 ≔ A1 ⋅ 1 = 114.39
2 A2 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ 3.21 ⋅ 0.52 V2 ≔ A2 ⋅ 1 = 0.835
3 A3 ≔ 0.5 ⋅ 14.24 ⋅ 11.21 V3 ≔ A3 ⋅ 1 = 79.815
4 A4 ≔ ((14.24 + 4.5 + 3.21)) ⋅ 1 V4 ≔ A4 ⋅ 1 = 21.95
Wpresa ≔ V1 ⋅ γconcreto + V2 ⋅ γconcreto + V3 ⋅ γconcreto + V4 ⋅ γconcreto = 520.776
2.8. Fuerza de supresión:
Diferencia de niveles entre aguas arriba y aguas abajo
H ≔ Name - Naa = 21.8
α0 ≔ 0.06 α2 ≔ 0.8
Wf ≔ 0.5 ⋅ γagua ⋅ H ⋅ ⎛⎝1 - α0⎞⎠ ⋅ 6 ⋅ α2 = 49.181
2.9. Presión de los Azolves:
Profundidad de Azolves
ha ≔ A - Nsc = 6.35 m
γazolves ≔ 2.7 γagua ≔ 1 n ≔ 0.3
γa ≔ γazolves - γagua ⋅ ((1 - n)) = 2 ton/m^3
ha 2
Wa ≔ 2 ⋅ ―― ⋅ 1 = 40.323 ton
2
2.10. Presión de la ola:
2
h ≔ 0.073 ⋅ K ⋅ W ⋅ ‾‾‾‾
D ⋅ β = 1.049
Longitud de la ola
‾‾‾
D
λ ≔ 0.073 ⋅ W ⋅ ―= 8.595
β
Profundidad del embalse cuando está lleno
H ≔ Name - Nsc - ha = 16.75
λ h
―= 0.513 ―= 0.122
H λ
KP ≔ 0.25 KM ≔ 0.3
⎛ h⎞
Pmax ≔ KP ⋅ γagua ⋅ h ⋅ ⎜H + ―⎟ = 4.53 ton
⎝ 2⎠
⎛ h2 h ⋅ H H2 ⎞
Mmax ≔ KM ⋅ γagua ⋅ h ⋅ ⎜― + ――+ ―― ⎟ = 46.961 ton*m
⎝ 6 2 2 ⎠
2.11. Zona sísmica:
I≔8 z = 0.4
z
αh ≔ ――― = 0.182
1+3⋅z
2
αv ≔ ―αh = 0.121
3
Sh ≔ αh ⋅ Wpresa = 94.686 ton
Sv ≔ αv ⋅ Wpresa = 63.124 ton
2.12. Fuerza hidrodinámica:
H = 16.75 te ≔ 0.45
Período de vibración
0.817
Ce ≔ ―――――――― = 0.821
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ H ⎞2
1 - 0.72 ⋅ ⎜―――⎟
⎝ 304.8 ⋅ te ⎠
Fuerza hidrodinámica
y≔H
2
Ws ≔ ―⋅ Ce ⋅ αh ⋅ y ⋅ ‾‾‾‾
y ⋅ H = 27.935 ton
3
Wsa ≔ 2.15 ⋅ αh ⋅ γa ⋅ ha 2 = 31.525 ton
2.13. Factores de Seguridad al deslizamiento y esfuerzos (N21 Y A23):
W1 = 290.405 W2 = 2.645 W3 = 43.561 W4 = 2.116
Wpresa = 520.776 E = 49.68 Wf = 49.181 Wa = 40.323
Pmax = 4.53 Sv = 63.124 Sh = 94.686 Ws = 27.935
Wsa = 31.525
Condición vertical
N ≔ Wpresa + W3 + W4 - E - Wf = 467.591
Condición horizontal
T ≔ W1 - W2 + Wa + Pmax = 332.612
Coeficiente de deslizamiento
f ≔ 0.95 C ≔ 40 1ton/m^2
F ≔ Bc + b1 + b2 = 21.945
f ⋅ N ⋅ cos ((α)) + T ⋅ sin ((α)) + C ⋅ F
ksd1 ≔ ―――――――――― = 3.942
T ⋅ cos ((α)) + N ⋅ sin ((α))
x ≔ if ksd1 ≥ 3
‖ “Cumple con la estabilidad a deslizamiento”
‖
else
‖ “No cumple, revisar geometría”
‖
x = “Cumple con la estabilidad a deslizamiento”
Para la combinación A23
Av ≔ Wpresa - E - Wf + Sv + W3 + W4 = 530.716
Ah ≔ Sh + W1 - W2 + Wa + Pmax = 427.298
f ≔ 0.95 C ≔ 40 1ton/m^2
F1 ≔ Bc + b1 + b2 = 21.945
f ⋅ Av ⋅ cos ((α)) + Ah ⋅ sin ((α)) + C ⋅ F1
ksd1 ≔ ――――――――――― = 3.212
Ah ⋅ cos (α) + Av ⋅ sin (α)
x ≔ if ksd1 ≥ 3
‖ “Cumple con la estabilidad a deslizamiento”
‖
else
‖ “No cumple, revisar geometría”
‖
x = “Cumple con la estabilidad a deslizamiento”
2.14. Esfuerzos para N21:
W1 = 290.405 W2 = 2.645 W3 = 43.561 W4 = 2.116 Wsa = 31.525
Wpresa = 520.776 E = 49.68 Wf = 49.181 Wa = 40.323
Pmax = 4.53 Sv = 63.124 Sh = 94.686 Ws = 27.935
Fig | Área | X | Y
Bc 25.42
1 A1 = 114.39 X1 ≔ b1 + ― = 5.46 Y1 ≔ 1 + ――= 13.71
2 2
2 1
2 A2 = 0.835 X2 ≔ ―⋅ b1 = 2.14 Y2 ≔ 1 + ―⋅ ((Namo - Nsc)) = 8.133
3 3
1 1
3 A3 = 79.815 X3 ≔ b1 + Bc + ― ⋅ b2 = 12.455 Y3 ≔ 1 + ―⋅ 17.80 = 6.933
3 3
F 1
4 A4 = 21.95 X4 ≔ ―= 10.973 Y4 ≔ ―= 0.5
2 2
A1 ⋅ X1 + A2 ⋅ X2 + A3 ⋅ X3 + A4 ⋅ X4
Xc ≔ ―――――――――― = 8.578
A1 + A2 + A3 + A4
A1 ⋅ Y1 + A2 ⋅ Y2 + A3 ⋅ Y3 + A4 ⋅ Y4
Yc ≔ ――――――――――= 9.86
A1 + A2 + A3 + A4
Fuerza Brazo Momento
W1 = 290.405 br1 ≔ 1.17 M1 ≔ -W1 ⋅ br1 = -339.774
W2 = 2.645 br2 ≔ 8.41 M2 ≔ W2 ⋅ br2 = 22.244
W3 = 43.561 br3 ≔ 7.395 M3 ≔ -W3 ⋅ br3 = -322.132
W4 = 2.116 br4 ≔ 3.992 M4 ≔ W4 ⋅ br4 = 8.447
Wpresa = 520.776 br5 ≔ 0
Wf = 49.181 br6 ≔ 5.132 M6 ≔ Wf ⋅ br6 = 252.396
Wa = 40.323 br7 ≔ 6.086 M7 ≔ -Wa ⋅ br7 = -245.403
Pmax = 4.53 Mmax = 46.961
F
E = 49.68 br8 ≔ ―- 8.46 M8 ≔ E ⋅ br8 = 124.821
2
MTot ≔ M1 + M2 + M3 + M4 + Mmax + M6 + M7 + M8 = -452.439 Ton*m
V ≔ N = 467.591 ton
V 6 ⋅ MTot Ton
σy1 ≔ ―- ――― 2
= 26.944 ――
F F m2
Ton
――
V 6 ⋅ MTot 2
σy2 ≔ ―+ ――― 2
= 15.671 m
F F
Verificación de los esfuerzos
σy2
relσ ≔ ―― = 0.582
σy1
y ≔ if relσ ≤ 3
‖ “Cumple con la relación de esfuerzos”
‖
else
‖ “No cumple con la relación”
‖
y = “Cumple con la relación de esfuerzos”
2.15. Esfuerzos para A23:
MTot ≔ M1 + M2 + M3 + M4 + Mmax + M6 + M7 + M8 = -452.439 Ton*m
V ≔ Av = 530.716 ton
V 6 ⋅ MTot Ton
σy1 ≔ ― - ――― 2
= 29.821 ――
F1 F1 m2
Ton
――
V 6 ⋅ MTot 2
σy2 ≔ ― + ――― 2
= 18.547 m
F1 F1
Verificación de los esfuerzos
σy2
relσ ≔ ―― = 0.622
σy1
y ≔ if relσ ≤ 3
‖ “Cumple con la relación de esfuerzos”
‖
else
‖ “No cumple con la relación”
‖
y = “Cumple con la relación de esfuerzos”
