b;sydih
09 fY%aKsh m<uq jk mßÉfþoh
09'01 Y%S ,xldfõ uqyqÿnv m%foaY ,kafoaiSka hg;g m;aùu
³ mD;=.SiSka wdishdfjka f.k .sh l=`Mnvq ,sianka jrdfha § ,kafoaiSka ñ, § .ekSu'
³ ,kafoaiSkaf.a uõ rg ´,kaoh jQ w;r tl, iamd[a[fha hg;a rgla jYfhka mej;Su'
³iamd[a[jreka frdaudkq lf;da,slhka jQ w;r ,kafoaiSyq frmrudÿ Nla;slfhda jQy'
³ ,kafoaiSka iamd[a[hg tfrysj ksoyia igkla wdrïN lsÍu'
³ iamd[a[fha rcq jQ fojk ms,sma rcq mD;=.d,fha o rcq njg m;a ùu'
³ fojk ms,sma rcq ,kafoaiSkag l=`M nvq ,nd fkd§u'
³ ,kafoaiSka l=`Mnvq ksIamdokh flfrk rgj,a fidhd wdishdjg meñKSug ;SrKh lsÍu'
fmrÈ. ´,kao fjf<`o iud.u ^voc&
³ fmrÈ.g meñKs uq,a u hqfrdamd cd;sh jkafka mD;=.SiSka h'
³ 1595 j¾Ih jk úg ,kafoaiSkag úúO l%u u.ska fmrÈ.g meñfKk ud¾. fidhd .ekSu'
³ 1602 jk úg ´,kao fjf<`o iud.ï lsysmhla wdishdjg meñKsu'
³ 1602 ´,kaofha rcq ,kafoais fjf<`o iud.ï lsysmhla tl;= fldg fmrÈ. ´,kao fjf<`o
iud.u msysgqù h'
fmrÈ. ´,kao fjf<`o iud.ug ysñ jQ n,;,
1' ´,kao rch fjkqfjka wdishdfõ fjf<`odï lsÍu'
2' m%foaY hg;a lsÍu
3' n,fldgq bÈlsÍu
4' wdKavqldrjre m;a lsÍu
5' hg;a lr.;a m%foaY md,kh lsÍu
» 1602 § fmrÈ. ´,kao fjf<`o iud.fï uq,ia:dkh cdjd ÿmf;a fn;dúh fyj;a n;dúfha
msysgqjd .ekSu'
Wvrg rcjreka ,kafoais iydh fidhd hdu
m<uq jk úu,O¾uiQßh rcq yd ,kafoaik
S a
³ 1602 § fcdßia jEka iams,an¾cka kï ,kafoaiS cd;slhd uvl,mqj jrdhg f.dv neiSu'
³ fudyq m<uqjk úu,O¾uiQßh rcq uqK .eiS idlÉPd lsÍu'
³ iams,an¾cka msg;aj udi ;=klg miq isfn,a o j¾Ü keue;s ,kafoais cd;slhd meñKSu'
³ Wvrg rcq fudyq uy;a yrißka uykqjr § ms<s.;a ms<s.;a nj i`oyka fõ'
³ miq wjia:djl § rcq bÈßfha § rcqg wf.!rj jk f,i yeisÍu ksid rdc mqreIhka w;ska ñh
.sh nj i`oyka fõ'
1
fikr;a rcq yd ,kafoaiSka
³ fikr;a rcq oji ,kafoaiS ¥; lKavdhï folla iu`. idlÉPd l< o id¾:l fkdùu'
fojk rdcisxy rcq yd ,kafoaiSka
³ fikr;a rcqf.ka miq Tyq mq;a fojk rdcisxy rcq rclug m;aùu'
³ rcq mD;=.SiSka mkakd ±óug ,kafoais wdOdr ,nd .ekSu'
³ 1638 rcqf.a yuqodj yd ,kafoaiSka tl;=j uvl,mqj mD;=.Sis n,fldgqj w,a,d .ekSu'
³ fuhska uy;a i;=gg m;a fojk rdcisxy rcq 1638 ,kafoaiSka iu. .súiqula w;aika lf<a h'
1638 .súiqfï m%Odk lreKq
1' mD;=.SiSka mkakd ±óug Wvrg rcqg ,kafoaiSka iyh ,ndÈh hq;=h'
2' igkg ,kafoaiSkag jeh jk uqo,a rcq l=reÿ" .ïñßia yd ó bá wd§ fjf<`o NdKavj,ska
mshúh hq;=h'
3' we;=ka yer Wvrg fiiq fjf<`o NdKavj, taldêldrh ,kafoaiSkag ,nd§h hq;=h'
4' rcq woyia lrkafka kï mD;=.SiSkaf.ka w,a,d .kakd n,fldgqj, ,kafoais yuqodj k;r l<
hq;=h'
.súiqfuka miq rcq yd ,kafoaiSka w;r .egqu
» 1638 .súiqfuka miqj mD;=.SiSka furáka fkrmd yeÍug jir 20la .; úh'
» fï ld,h ;=< mD;=.SiSka i;= ;s%l=Kdu,h$ó.uqj$.d,a,$l`M;r$fld<U$ukakdru yd
hdmkh hk n,fldgq hg;a lr.ekSu'
³ ;%sl=Kdu,h yd ó.uqj n,fldgq hg;a lsÍfuka miqj rcq yd ,kafoaiSka w;r u; .egqï we;s
úh'
³ ,kafoaiSka ;udg jdisodhl n,fldgq w,a,d .;a miq .súiqug wkqj ls%hd fkdlsßu fuhg
fya;=jhs'
³ ,kafoaiSka uq, isg u lmá wkaoñka rcq iu. lghq;= fldg we;'
,kafoaiSka Wvrg rdcH iu`. meje;a jQ
iïnkaO;d
» Wvrg rdcHh iu`. jeä ld,hla hym;a in`o;djla mj;ajdf.k .sfha ,kafoaiSka h'
» mD;=.SiSka yd bx.%SiSka Wvrg iïnkaOfhka wkq.ukh lf<a wdl%uKYS,S m%;sm;a;shls'
» 1658 isg 1796 olajd ,kafoaiSka
² ¥; in`o;d meje;aùu
² ,sms yqjudre lr .ekSu
² ;E.s fNda. yqjudre lr.ekSu wdÈ iduldñ in`o;d mj;ajd we;'
Wvrg ,kafoais ¥; in`o;d
j¾I Wvrg rcq ,kafoais ¥;hd ¥; .ukg fya;=j
1602 1 jk fcdßia jEka fjf<`o lghq;= ms<sn`o rcq iu`.
úu,O¾uiQßh iams,a n¾cka idlÉPd lsÍu
rcq
2
1656 11 jk rdcisxy fckr,a rcq neyeolsk f,i ,enqKq wdrdOkh
rcq fcrdâ y,a*aÜ
1688 11 jk l,ka w,ania rcq yd ,kafoaik
S a w;r kj .súiqula
úu,O¾uiqßh we;s lr.ekSug
rcq
1721 Y%S fld¾fka,shia rcqf.a ìij ñh hdu .ek fYdalh
ùrmrdl%ukf¾ gel,a m%ldY lsÍug
kaøisxy rcq
1721 Y%S fld¾fka,shia rcqf.a ìij ñh hdu .ek fYdalh
ùrmrdl%ukf¾ gel,a m%ldY lsÍug
kaøisxy rcq
,kafoais ÿ;hd rcqg ,nd rcq ,kafoais
ÿka ;E.s ¥;hdg ,nd oka
;E.s
³ mD;=.SiSkf
a .ka w;a ³rka ud,hla
lr.;a fldä
³uqoaola
³ wYajhka fofofkl=
³rka md jeiqï
³ m¾ishdkq ÿkq B;, n`okhla
lÜg, folla
³i`oqka ±j
³m¾ishka neg¨jka
fofofkl=
fojk úu,O¾uiQßh rcq yd ,kafoaiSka
³ ,kafoaiSka iu`. ñ;%Ys,Sj lghq;= lsÍu'ta i`oyd my; ls%hdud¾. wkq.ukh fldg we;
1' my< nqreufhka Wmiïmod NslaIQka f.kajd .ekSug kejla ,nd §u
2' msá.,a fldar,fha l=re`ÿ ;e,Sug ,kafoaiSkag mkjd ;snQ ;yku bj;a lsÍu
3' rcqf.a l=re`ÿ mqjla we;=ka fjf<`o iud.u ñ, § .ekS u
3
› ùr mrdl%u kf¾kaøisxy rcq yd ,kafoaiSka
³ fu;=ud l=Kavidf,a l=udrhd kñka m%lgj isáfha h'
³ fï wjêfha rcq l,amsáh" mq;a;,u jeks jrdhka yryd mqjla" we;=ka yd we;ao< bkaÈhdjg
heùu'
³ fuh ;udg uy;a mdvqjla f,i ie,l= ,kafoaiSka ish¨ jrdhka jid oud Wvrg fjf<`odug
ndOd lsÍu'
» rcq ol=Kq bkaÈhdfjka kdhlal¾ jxYsl ìijla f.kajd .ekSu
,kafoaiSka Wvrg wdl%uKh lsÍu
lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rcq hgf;a ishï ksldh msysgqùu
» Y%S úch rdcisxy rcqf.ka miqj ìijf.a ifydaorhd jQ lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rcq isyiqkg m;a
ùu'
» rcq je,súg irKxlr ysñhkaf.a Wmfoia msßÈ ishï foaYfhka Wmd,s ysñ m%uqL NslaIQka
jevujd 1753 Wmiïmodj msysgqù h'
» t;eka isg j¾;udk ishï ksldh wdrïN úh'
,kafoaiSkaf.a Wvrg wdl%uK
» 1762 jk úg rcq yd ,kafoaiSka w;r kej; .egqï we;sùu'
» rcq ,kafoaiSkg
a úreoaOj fjk;a cd;shlf.a Woõ ,nd .ekSug Wkkaÿùu
³ tys m%;sM, f,i 1762 bx.%Sis cd;sl fcdaka *hsnia ,xldjg meñKSu
»ìhg m;a nerka jeka tla wdKavqldrjrhd fiakdxl yhla ud¾. yhlska hjd Wvrg wdl%uKh
lsÍu'
» Wv/áhkag yqre mqreÿ igka l%u fhdod .ksñka t,a, l< m%;sm%ydr ksid ,kafoaiSka mrdch
ùu'
» 1765 ,kafoaiSka kej; Wvrg wdl%uKh l< w;r rcq y`.=rkafl;g m,d hdu'
» j¾Id iuh wdrïN ùu;a iu. f,v frda. yd Wv/áhkaf.a m%ydrj,ska fyïn;a jQ
,kafoaiSyq miqneiSu'
1766 .súiqu w;aika lsÍu
» ,kafoaiSka iu. fydo ys; Èkd .ekSug lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rcq woyia lsÍu'
³ úf,ï me,ala ,kafoaiSkag jdis iy.; j.ka;s 25lska hq;a .ssúiqula bÈßm;a lsÍu'
.súiqfï j.ka;s
1' hdmd mgqk"ukakdru"l,amsáh"fld<U Èidj".d¨ fldar,h yd ;s%l=Kdu,h hkm%foaY
,kafoaiSkag wh;a h'
4
2' uqyqÿnv isg rg ;=<g isxy, .õjla m%udKh ,kafoaiSkag wh;a h'
» fuu .súiqfuka Wvrg rdcHh Èjhskla ;=< msysá Èjhskl ;;ajhg m;a úh'
» .súiqu ksid rcq yd ,kafoaiSka w;r u;fNao jeä fjñka mej;=Ks'
bx.%SiSka uqyqÿnv m%foaY w,a,d .ekSu
» lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rcqf.ka miqj 1782 ifydaorhd jQ rdcdêrdcisxy rcq njg m;aúh'
» 1796 bx.%SiSka ,xldjg meñKs w;r ,kafoaik
S ag myr § uqyqÿnv m%foaY w,a,d .ekSu'
1'2 ,kafoaiSkaf.a md,k $wd¾Ól$iudc yd ixialD;sl lghq;=
,kafoaiSkaf.a md,k ixúOdkh
» ,kafoaiSka fjf<`o iud.ula jYfhka ixúOdkh ù isáu'
» VOC wOHlaIl uKv,h wdishdfõ ,kafoais md,kh iïnkaO ;SrK .;a by, u uKav,h
úh'
» n;dúh fjf<`o iud.fï fmrÈ. uOHia:dkh ùu'
» 1609 § n;dúhg wdKavqldrjrfhla yd WmfoaYl iNdjla m;a lsÍu'
» ,xldfõ lghq;= i`oyd fjku wdKavqldrjrfhla m;a lsÍu'
» ,xldfõ wKavqldrhd yd Tyqf.a iydhl iNdj n;dúhdkq ks,OdÍka hgf;a mej;su'tfy;a
Tyq iajdëkj lghq;= lsÍu
furg wdKavqldrjrhdg ;snQ n,;,
1'wod< m%foaYj, md,k lghq;= f.khdu
2' nÿ wh lsÍu
3' ks,OdÍka m;a lsÍu4' bvï m%odkh lsÍu
³ Èjhsfka ,kafoaiS hgf;a mej;s m%foaY fldgia 3 fnod we;^fldudkavß&
1' fld<U fldudkavßh - ,kafoais wdKavqldrjhd hgf;a md,kh úh'
fld<U"l`M;r"ó.uqj"yxje,a,"w`.=rejdf;dg"u,ajdk n,fldgqj hk m%foaY wh;a ùu
2' .d¨ fldudkavßh - fldufodarejrfhl= hgf;a mej;Su
fnka;r .f`.a isg uvl,mqj olajd uqyqovn m%foaY Bg wh;a ùu
3' hdmkh fldudkavßh - fldufodarejrfhl= hgf;a mej;Su'
mq;a;,ug W;=f¾ isg fjr<nv ;Srfha hdmkh olajd hdmkhg wh;a m%foaY yd kef.kysr
uvl,mqj olajd
» .d,a, yd hdmkh fldufodarejreka fofokd fld<U wdKavqldrjhd hgf;a lghq;= l< hq;=h
5
VOC iud.fï
wOHlaI uKav,h
n;dúfha wdKavqldrjrhd
yd WmfoaYl iNdj
Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqldrjrhd yd
WmfoaYl iNdj ^fld<U&
fldufodare fldufodare
.d,a, hdmkh
isú,a md,kh yuqod lghq;= fjf<`o wxYh
lms;dkajre yQ*aÜuka
Èidfjjrhd
^fcHaIaG fjf<kaod&
uqo,sjre fldard,
^úúO fiajd& Tm¾ yQ*aÜ
^bvï wdodhï Ndr&
uqo,s$w;=fldard,
.ï uq,doEksjre
» isú,a md,k lghq;=j, § Èidfjjrhdg jeo.;a n,hla yñ úh'
» fldudkavß ;=kg Èidfjjre ;sfokla jQy'
» Èidfj ;k;=r i`oyd ,kafoais cd;slhka m;a jQ w;r isú,a md,kh i`oyd foaYSh ks,OdÍka
fhdojd .ekSu'
» fldard<$uqo,s$úodfka$.ïuq,doEks jeks foaYSh ;k;=re Ndú;d ùu'
» hdmk m%foaYfha Ndú; jQ wêldß$lxldkï$Wvhd¾ jeks merKs ks, kdu fhdod .ekSu'
wêlrK lghq;=
» ,xldfõ j¾;dudkfha ls%hd;aul frdau ,kafoais kS;s l%uh y`ÿkajd §u'»kj Widú moaO;shla
y`ÿkajd §u
1' rdoa jeka ciaáÜ^uydêlrKh&
³ by< u Widúh ùu
³ tys m%Odkshd yq*aÜ woañksia;d¾ kñka ye`Èkaùh'
³ wmrdO kvq úi`§u fuys m%Odk ld¾h úh'
» fld<U$.d,a,$hdmkh hk k.rj, msysgd we;'
2' isú,a rdoa ^isú,a Widúh&
³ ßlaia fvd,¾ 120g wvq w,dN iïnkaO isú,a kvq yd újdy iïnkaO kvq úNd. Úh'
» fld<U$.d,a,$hdmkh hk k.rj, msysgd ;snqKs'
6
3' ,Eka rdoa^bvï Widúh&
³ Èidfõjrhd fuu Widúfha m%Odkshd úh'
³ foaYSh ck;djg ir, fukau úhoï wvq myiq wêlrKhls'
»fld<U$.d,a,$hdmkh$;s%l=Kdu,h$uvl,mqj$ud;r hk k.rj, msysgd we;'
msial,a Widú$Èidfõ Widú$.ïm;s Widú
³ wêlrK moaO;sfha my<u Widú f,i ls%hd;aul úh'
³ .ïuq,doEks$úodfka$uqo,s$fldard, jeks foaYSh ks,OdÍkag o iq`M wêlrK n,hla ;sìu'
,kafoaiSkaf.a wd¾Ól lghq;=
l=re`ÿ fjf<`odu
» wdishd;sl rgj,a w;ßka bia;rï l=re`ÿ furg ksIamdokh jk nj ,kafoaiska ±k isàu'
» uq,a wjêfha iajdNdúl jkfha jefjk l=re`ÿ m%fhdackhg .ekSu'
» fld<U$l`M;r$w¨;a.u yd ud;r jeks m%foaYj, l=re`ÿ j.d lsÍu'
» mD;=.SiS wjêfha ;snQ uynoafoa fomd¾;fïka;=j ,kafoaiSka fjk u lms;dkajrfhl= hg;g
m;a lsÍu'
» jeäysá l=re`ÿ ;,kafkl= ksYaÑ; l=re`ÿ m%udKhla iud.ug jd¾Islj fkdñf,a ;,d Èh hq;=
úh'
³ mqjla$uq;=$.ïñßia$idÈlald$tkid,a$ó bá yd we;=ka fjf<`odu u.ska wdodhï ,nd .ekSu'
» iy,a yd frÈms<s furg ksmoùug lghq;= lsÍu
³ uq;=rdcfj, wiajeoa§ug lghq;= lsÍu
³ fhdaO jej yd lka;f,a jej wd§ jeõ m%;sixialrK lsÍu u.ska ù ksIamdokh jeä lsÍu
³ Wla$.ïñßia$tkid,a$fldams$u,fnß$bkaäf.da wdÈ j.djka ÈhqKq lsÍu'
³ frÈ úùu$frÈ idhï lsÍu$W`M .fvd,a jeks l¾udka; ÈhqKq lsÍu
³ yeñ,agka we< NdKav m%jdykh i`oyd fhdod .ekSu
f;daïnq j¾. ^mjq,a$bvï yd mdi,a&
³ mD;=.SiSka y`ÿkajd ÿka f;daïnq l%uh ls%hd;aul lsÍu u.ska bvïj, whs;sh yd nÿ .ek
f;dr;=re ,nd.ekSu
1' mjq,a f;daïnq - .ul jdih lrk mjq,aj, úia;r ±laúK'
2' bvï f;daïnq - bvïj, úia;r jeú,s j¾. yd iud.ug wh úh hq;= nÿ uqo, wdÈh
±laúK'
3' mdi,a f;daïnq - foudmshkaf.a kï$orejkaf.ka Wmka Èk$mdi,a yer.sh Èk wdÈh
iudc yd ixialD;sl lghq;=
wd.ñl m%;sm;a;sh
» frmrudÿ wd.u ,kafoaiSkaf.a wd.u úh'
7
» wd.u m%pdrh lsÍug úúO l%u wkq.ukh lsÍu
» fld<U$.d,a,$hdmkfha wÉpqfõ,s yd udkïldvq m%foaYj, foajia:dk bÈlsÍu'
,kafoais hgf;a wOHdmk lghq;=
» wd.u m%pdrh lsÍu i`oyd biaflda, kï wdh;kh msysgqùu'
» orejkaf.a uõ niska wOHdmkh ,nd§u'
» foúhkag hÉ{d lsÍu$iajNdIdj$ix.S;h$foajO¾uh wd§ úIhka b.ekaùu'
» fld<U msysá fiufkaßh u.ska ,kafoais NdIdfjka Wiia wOHdmkh ,nd§u'
» hdmkh yd ukakdru hk m%foaYj, mdi,a wdrïN lsÍu'
³ 1739 § uqøK hka;%hla,kafoaiSka uq,ska u furgg f.k wd w;r tu.ska nhsn,fha fldgia
uqøKh fldg fnod yeÍu'
iudc yd ixialD;sl n,mEu
» j¾I 138 furg uqyqÿnv m%foaY md,kh lsÍu'
² frdau .Dyks¾udK -
biaf;damamqj$fid,aorh$l=¨kq yd Wia jy, fh¥ ksjdi
² úúO wdydr j¾. - flala $wÉpdre$fldlsia
² furg iudchg n¾.¾ ^,xis& ck;dj tl;=ùu
² isxy, yd fou< NdIdj,g tl;= jQ ,kafoais jpk
.Dyks¾udK yd kS;s l%uh fjk;a
.Dy NdKav yd Widú
fid,aor fkd;dßia fjkafoais
;rmamq f;da,al biaflda,
nd,al l=ú;dkais
cfka, lkaf;dare
ldur Tmamq
w,audß nQo,a
