Calculus 2
(Integration by Parts)
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics
College of Science
March 17, 2023
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 1 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
1 Derive the formula for integration by parts; and
2 Solve integrals by applying the formula for integration by parts.
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 2 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
If u and v are differentiable functions, then
d(uv ) = u(dv ) + v (du).
Solving for u(dv ), we have
u(dv ) = d(uv ) − v (du).
Integrating both sides, we obtain
Z Z Z
u(dv ) = d(uv ) − v (du)
Z Z
u(dv ) = uv − v (du)
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 3 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Theorem
If u and v are differentiable functions, then
Z Z
u(dv ) = uv − v (du)
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 4 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Guidelines in choosing u and dv
1 The factor u must be a function whose derivative is a simpler
function.
2 The function dv must be readily integrable.
Z
3 The term v (du) must not be complex than the problem.
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 5 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Evaluate the following integrals.
Z
1. x 5 ln xdx
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 6 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Evaluate the following integrals.
Z
1. x 5 ln xdx
1 1
Solution: Let u = ln x and dv = x 5 dx, then du = dx and v = x 6 .
Z Z
x 6
5
x ln xdx = u(dv )
Z
= uv − v (du)
1 1
but u = ln x, du = dx and v = x 6
x 6
1 6 1 6 1
Z
= (ln x) x − x dx
6 6 x
1 6 1
Z
5
= x ln x − x dx
6 6
1 6 1 1
= x ln x − · x 6 + C
6 6 6
1 6 1 6
= x ln x − x +C
6 36
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 7 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Z
2. e 2x sin (3x)dx
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 8 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Z
2. e 2x sin (3x)dx
Solution: Let u = e 2x and dv = sin (3x)dx, then du = 2e 2x dx and
1
v = − cos (3x).
Z
3 Z
2x
e sin (3x)dx = u(dv )
Z
= uv − v (du)
1
but u = e 2x , du = 2e 2x dx and v = − cos (3x)
1 3
1
Z
2x
= e 2x − cos (3x) − − cos (3x) 2e dx
3 3
1 2
Z
2x
= − e 2x cos (3x) + e cos (3x)dx
3 3
1
let u1 = e 2x and dv1 = cos (3x)dx, then du1 = 2e 2x dx and v1 = sin (3x)
3
1 2
Z
= − e 2x cos (3x) + u1 (dv1 )
3 3
1 2 2
Z
= − e 2x cos (3x) + u1 v1 − v1 (du1 )
3 3 3
1
but u1 = e 2x , du1 = 2e 2x dx and v1 = sin (3x)
3
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 9 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Continuation of number 2
1 2 2x 1 2 1
Z Z
2x 2x
e sin (3x)dx = − e 2x cos (3x) + e sin (3x) − sin (3x) 2e dx
3 3 3 3 3
1 2 4
Z
2x
= − e 2x cos (3x) + e 2x sin (3x) − e sin (3x)dx
3 9 9
13 1 2x 2 2x
Z
2x
e sin (3x)dx = − e cos (3x) + e sin (3x) + C
9 Z 3 9
2x 3 2 2x
e sin (3x)dx = − e 2x cos (3x) + e sin (3x) + C
13 13
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 10 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Z
3. sinn xdx
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 11 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Example
Z
3. sinn xdx
Solution: Let u = sinn−1 x and dv = sin xdx, then
du = (n − 1) sinn−2 x cos xdx and v = − cos x
Z Z
n
sin xdx = u(dv )
Z
= uv − v (du)
but u = sinn−1 x, du = (n n−2
Z − 1) sin x cos xdx and v = − cos x
n−2
= sinn−1 x (− cos x) − (− cos x) (n − 1) sin x cos xdx
Z
n−2 2
= − sinn−1 x cos x + (n − 1) sin x cos xdx
but cos2 x = 1 − sin2 x
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 12 / 20
Integration by Parts
Integration by Parts
Continuation of number 3
Example
Z Z
n n−2 2
sin xdx = − sinn−1 x cos x + (n − 1) sin x(1 − sin x)dx
Z
n−1 n−2 n
= − sin x cos x + (n − 1) (sin x − sin x)dx
Z Z
n−2 n
= − sinn−1 x cos x + (n − 1) sin xdx − (n − 1) sin xdx
Z Z
n n−2
n sin xdx = − sinn−1 x cos x + (n − 1) sin xdx
1 (n − 1)
Z Z
n n−1 n−2
sin xdx = − sin x cos x + sin xdx
n n
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 13 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Theorem
If u and v are differentiable functions, then
Z
u(dv ) = u(v1 ) − (u 0 )(v2 ) + (u 00 )(v3 ) − · · · + (−1)n (u (n−1) )(vn )
where u (n) := nth derivative of u and vn := nth integral of v
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 14 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Example
Z
Evaluate x 5 cos (2x)dx.
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 15 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Example
Z
Evaluate x 5 cos (2x)dx.
Solution: Let u = x 5 and dv = cos (2x)dx
u = x5 dv = cos (2x)dx
u1 = 5x 4 v1 = 21 sin (2x)
u2 = 20x 3 v2 = − 14 cos (2x)
u3 = 60x 2 v3 = − 81 sin (2x)
1
u4 = 120x v4 = 16 cos (2x)
1
u5 = 120 v5 = 32 sin (2x)
1
u6 = 0 v6 = − 64 cos (2x)
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 16 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Example
Z
x 5 cos (2x)dx =
1 1 1
(x 5 ) sin (2x) − 5x 4 − cos (2x) + 20x 3 − sin (2x) −
2 4 8
2
1 1 1
60x cos (2x) + (120x) sin (2x) − (120) − cos (2x) + C
16 32 64
Z
1 5 5 5 15
x 5 cos (2x)dx = x sin (2x) + x 4 cos (2x) − x 3 sin (2x) − x 2 cos (2x) +
2 4 2 4
15 15
x sin (2x) + cos (2x) + C
4 8
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 17 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Example
Z
Evaluate x 3 e x dx.
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 18 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Example
Z
Evaluate x 3 e x dx.
Solution: Let u = x 3 and dv = e x dx.
u = x3 dv = e x dx
u1 = 3x 2 dv1 = e x
u2 = 6x dv2 = e x
u3 = 6 dv3 = e x
u4 = 0 dv4 = e x
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 19 / 20
Integration by Parts
Repeated Integration by Parts
Example
Z
x 3 e x dx = (x 3 )(e x ) − (3x 2 )(e x ) + (6x)(e x ) − (6)(e x ) + C
Z
x 3 e x dx = x 3 e x − 3x 2 e x + 6xe x − 6e x + C
Oscar M. Bumanglag Jr. (Department of Mathematics
Calculus
and2 Statistics
(Integration
College
by Parts)
of Science) March 17, 2023 20 / 20
