LACK OF STAND ALONE COMPUTERS FOR TVL – ICT STUDENTS

AND ITS EFFECT TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS

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Practical Research Presented to the Faculty

Of Cang-alwang National High School

Tongo, Siquijor,Siquijor

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirments

for Practical Research 1

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Chlevelyn L. Mahilum

Jen Gracely J. Selim

Jelai Mae Suan

Yanica R. Tingcang

Bevsly O. Villones

July, 2021
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Rationale of the Study

Having enough ICT devices can help prepare students for jobs in industry as

soon as they graduate from an undergraduate institution. Stand alone

computers is but one fundamental resource that must be provided for ICT

students for optimum learning to take place. It supplements any traditional

network program by teaching how computer networks work in practice and by

exploring new topics to help equip the students in the global area where

technology is a major innovation more over; the integration of technology in

teaching and learning process promises an increase in students achievement.

In Cang-alwang National High School, lack of stand alone computers to

be seemed the ultimate problem faced by the students, to be specific, the

Senior High School TVL ICT students. A result, teachers and students cannot

access proven web-based tools that greatly enhance learning and low level of

a mastery in the competencies which should be mastered by students which

contributes the insufficiency of learning.

The researchers are very eager to conduct the study to help resolve

the problem. Though to the results yield from the study, teaching and learning

process shall be greatly reinforced and enhanced.

This study is deeply rooted on the theories of Menake ’s Experiential

Learning Theory and Discovery Learning based on Jerome Bruner.

According to the Experiential Learning Theory, supported by the rapid

development of educational technology, creating experiential learning

environment is no doubt an effective strategy to optimize instruction with

integration of technology and experience. If the experience is without support

of appropriate educational technology and well-designed instruction, the

effectiveness of experiential learning would be counterproductive. (Menake et

al. (2006))

Jerome Bruner- (hands on learning) Discovery Learning &

Representation states that based upon the idea that the goal of education

should be intellectual development. In this theory, he identified three modes of

Representations. Inactive is the stage that involve s direct manipulation of

object without an internal representative.

The Experiential Learning Theory states that if the experiences is

without support of appropriate educational technology the learning would be

counterproductive while in the Discovery Learning it states that the goal of

education should be intellectual development. These two Theories supported

the Researchers problem "Lack of network devices in E- Classroom S.Y.

2019-2020" Having insufficient network devices would be a hindrance to the

students who uses networking devices for network connectivity, Specifically

individually performed hands on on the given tasks. Students must learn and

explore on their own but how will the students learn for not having enough

network devices.

Students’ Discovery
Experiential Academic Learning and
Learning Performance Representation
Theory

Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of the Theoretical Framework of the Study

based on the Experiential Learning Theory by Menake and Discovery

Learning and representation (based on Jerome Bruners).

Conceptual Framework

The study seeks to determine the how the lack of stand alone

computers for TVL ICT students affect the academic performance of students.

The independent variables include the profile of the respondents in terms of

age, sex, grade level, parents’ monthly income, parents ’ highest educational

background, parents’ occupation/profession, computer device available at

home. On the other hand, dependent variable includes the academic

performance of students.
 Independent Variabe Dependent Variable

Profile of Respondents Lack of Stand Alone

1.1 Students Academic

Figure 2. con

Statement of the Problem

The study seeks to find out the how the lack of stand alone computers for

TVL ICT students affect the academic performance of students. Specifically,

the study seeks to find out the following:

1. What is the profile of the students in terms of the following:

1.1 age

1.2 sex

1.3 grade level

1.4 parents’ monthly income

1.5 parents’ highest educational background

1.6 parents’ occupation/profession

1.7 computer device available at home

2. What is the academic performance of students?

performance of students?

4. Is there a relationship between the academic performance of students

and their profile?

5. IS there a relationship between the effects on the lack of stand alone

computers and the profile of respondents?

Statement of the Hypotheses

HO1: There is no significant relationship between the academic performance

of students and their profile.

HO2: There is no significant relationship between the effects on the lack of

stand alone computers and the profile of respondents.

Significance of the Study

This study is of great benefit of the following:

Students. This study will bear good results in the performance of students

where it is important in every activity like in COC2 COC3 COC4.

Teachers. This study is important to teachers as well because the teachers

will demonstrate the activity smoothly with no shortage of network devices.

The Researcher. The researcher being one of the beneficiary, believe that

the results of the study will bring good effect and to attain the sufficient

network devices in E-Classroom.

Definition of Terms
Network devices. Hardware that operates in a network. It is a component

that makes up the network infrastructure such as modems, router, and

switches.

HUB. A hubs serve as a central connection for all of or network equipment

and handles a data type known as frames.

Network Switch. A network switch is networking hardware that connects

devices on a computer network by using packet switching to receive and

forward data to the destination device.

Router. A network devices that forward data packets between computer

network.

WAP (Wireless Access Point). In computer networking, a wireless access

point, or more generally just access point, is a networking hardware device

that allows other Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network.

Patch Panel. a device or unit featuring a number of jacks, usually of the

same or similar type, for the use of connecting and routing circuits for

monitoring, interconnecting, and testing circuits in a convenient, flexible

manner.

Connectivity. Devices can connect different types of network using different

types of network protocols.

Review of Related Literature

This chapter includes a review of literature andstudies which have significant

relationship and similaritieswith the present study.

The researcher made a comprehensive review of various studies and

literature found in libraries in school and in the internet: unpublished thesis

journals,books, materials found in the internet and other related sources

where likewise review in the recent study. The relevance of this materials to

the research in consideration was established and their significant finding

were given due consideration.

Related Literature

Abecede (2003) specified that today's world teachers need to bee-equipped

not only with subject specific expertise and effective teaching methodologies,

but with the capacity to assist studentsto meet the demands of the emerging

knowledge base society.Teachers therefore re-uire familiarity with new forms

of ICT andneed to have the ability to use that technology to enhance the-uality

of teaching and learning. 0ung (2002) stated that ICT shave also been used to

improve access to and the -uality ofteacher training. For example, institution

like the cyber TeacherTraining center (cTTc) in South Korea are taking

advantage of theinternet to provide better teacher professional development

opportunities to in service teachers. The government funded cTTc,

established in1997, offers self directed, self paced Web based courses for

primary and secondary school teachers. Courses include "Computer in the

Education". On line tutorials are also offered, with some courses requiring

occasional face to face meetings. Acording to Corbel (2004), computer

literacy skills are taught because they:

• lay the foundations for developing a critical understanding of the information

age; help studentsmake effective use of computers, both in classroomand

workplace settings, which in turn improvesattitudes and reduces frustration;

• shape a proactive view regarding the role of computers in everyday life;

• assist those who are "technophobic" to overcome fears of increasing

computerization of government and social support agencies;

• create a solid skills base among students so that we can collectively

pursue more creative uses of computers in the syllabus, such as project

based learning;

• extend the personal enjoyment gained through keeping intouch by

regular email use, for example, or in findingsatisfying search engine results;

• provide "realia" for terms that relate to hardware,software, the internet,

and the many different uses and phenomena that have arisen from online

culture. Akhtar (2010) gave emphasis to a sound policy and holistic plan for

ICT integration and recognized the critical role that teachers play in ensuring

the appropriate, effective and sustainable use of ICTs to provide quality

education for all.

According to Rodriguez (2007) it is also important to remember that

technology requires administrative and community support and involvement

that are critical to its success full integration in education. Commitment and

interest of teachers and school heads is the most critical factor for successful

implementation of any school innovation, especially technology.The teacher

must be fully requipped and up to the task. Teacher must harness the full

potential of technology to improve learning outcomes (Sec. Lapus, (2008).

This information age needs modern teachers. They are the one who build

education and learning and if they lack knowledge and skills, the learners will

be most affected. Former Bresident %rroyo called for a better integrationof

ICT into the Philippine educational system to improve the quality of learning

and home the computer skills of young Filipinos to give them a competitive

edge in securing work in a world that is growing highly technical (Manila

Bulletin, 2006). Also she enjoins all teachers from public schools to get the

Ntional ICT Competency Standards (NICS) and be ICT certified. The stressed

that teachers need to be competent in ICT so classroom dynamics become

more innovative with ICT. Sen. Escudero 2002 gives importance to the

advancement of science and technology. Modern telecommunications and

modes of transportation havefacilitated simultaneous and fast exchange of

ideas, information and resources among nations. This is the global

technological and scientific setting which confronts the Philippines today. That

is why the government proposed a bill about integrating computer education

program in the educational system. One of government plans is to promote

computer literacy by providing trainings and workshop for both learners and
teachers. It aimed to provide computer literacy training andupdate faculty and

staff of the different subject areas. school managers believed that the use of

computer could help teachers increase their efficiency and effectiveness. The

use of this technology facilitates communication and information, record

keeping and retrieving, programming, research and evaluation, provisions of

instructional aids and devices, preparation of reports, interpretation of test

results and others (Dela Cruz, (2008). Datamex and Deped Intel Teach

program also provide free seminars, workshops and trainings to the teachers.

It focuses on integrating computer technology into the curriculum. It present,

the Department of Education aims to fully equip administrators, teachers, and

support staff in word processing, electronic spreadsheets, and graphic

software to aid them in their instructional task (Manzano, (2002). Casiano

(2007) signified that different places in the world are connected. Globalization

has bridged the gap, and computer is the key instrument. Facebook,

Friendster these are just two social networking sites that pioneered the

phenomenon. These facts are most observable in the developed and some

developing countries. In the other hand, Robles (2006) stated that even

though the Philippine government has initiated several programs and projects

for the use of ICT in education, real implementation in day to day learning is

still limited.
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the description of the research design, population, sampling

method and data collection procedure.

Research Design

This research employed a quantitative - descriptive and qualitative method to

determine the students performance of lacking stand alone computers. A

quantitative - descriptive method engaged indetermining the demographic profile of

the respondents like their age, sex, grade level, parent's monthly income and

parent's occupation/profession, parent's highest educational backgroud and

computer device available at home using the formula of percentage. A qualitative

method is a method of inquiring engaged in different academic disciplines.

The most common method used to generate data is a face - to -face interview

conducted by the researchers themeselves. The data gathered were then analyzed

and interpreted using the 7 phases of quantitative method namely: the

matizing ,designing ,interviewing, transcribing, analyzing,verifying and reporting.

Phase 1. The Thematizing

describing the concept of the topic wherein the why and what of the study must be

classified before the question how.

2. Designing

It includes the planning of the research design. It takes the consideration of all seven

stages of the study before the interviewing starts. The researchers designed the

following the quantitative - qualitative approach.

3. Interviewing

It is the third step where the researchers conducted the interview with the

respondents from the two selected schools. The interview is based on an interview

guide.

4. Transcribing

It is the important step in aqualitative interview where the interview materials are

prepared for the analysis. It includes the transcription of the utterances and gestures

of the interviewees.

5. Analyzing

In this step, the researchers will draw a conclusion on the actions and the image

portrayed by the respondents. The answers of the respondents, must be condensed,

clustered, interpreted and made meaningful. The researcher will take a lot of time to

do this phase.
6. Verifying

It is the time to discover the validity of the interview results. In order to verifying the

results surely. The results must be analyzed and if possible, ask Ok wagain the

respondents for further clarifications.

Statistical Tool

Percentage

Validation of Questionares

The research question were formulated by the researchers and were validated by

the School Principal of the Senior High School the class researchers teacher and the

adviser of the TVL - ICT Students. The research questions were checked and

revised.:The matizing

It is where the researchers formulate the purpose of their study. It includes

describing the concept of the topic where in the why and what of the study must be

classified before the question how.

In this phase, the researchers identify the coverage of the study from the TVL ICT

Students in Cang -alwang National High School. The researchers obtained 60% of the

total population of the respondents.

It includes the planning of the research design. It takes the consideration of all seven

stages of the study before the interviewing starts. The researchers designed the

study following the quantitative - qualitative approach.

In formulating the interview questionnaries, it is divided into two parts. The first

part is using the quantitative - descriptive method in which the researchers will get

the demographic profile of the respondents. It includes the age, sex, grade level,

parent's monthly income, parent's occupation/profession, parent's highest

educational background and computer device available at home.

The second part of the interview questionnaries is using the qualitative method in

the form of face - to - face interview.

Interview Questionnaires

1. What is the academic performance of students?

2. How does lack of stand alone computers affect the academic performance of

students?

3. Is there a relationship between the academic performance of students and their

profile?

4. Is there a relationship between the effects on the lack of stand alone computers

and the profile of respondents?

5. How do the students learn in lacking stand alone computers?

It is the third step where the researchers conducted the interview with the

respondents from the selected grade level. The interview is based on a interview

guide.

This phase includes the actual process of interviewing using the formulated

questions made by the researchers themeselves

Data Collecting Procedure

The researchers wrote a letter to the School Principal and to the teachers of Cang -

alwang National High School, asking permission to conduct a face - to - face

interview taking up 60 percent of the total population of TVL ICT students

respondents in Cang-alwang National High School. The interview (survey) is analyzed

using the following steps as adopted by kyale (1996)

1. Thematizing

It is where the researchers formulate the purpose of their study. It includes

describing the concept of the topic wherein the why and what of the study must be

classified before the question how.

2. Designing

It includes the planning of the research design. It takes the consideration of all seven

stages of the study before the interviewing starts. The researchers designed the

following the quantitative - qualitative approach.

3. Interviewing
It is the third step where the researchers conducted the interview with the

respondents from the two selected schools. The interview is based on an interview

guide.

4. Transcribing

It is the important step in aqualitative interview where the interview materials are

prepared for the analysis. It includes the transcription of the utterances and gestures

of the interviewees.

5. Analyzing

In this step, the researchers will draw a conclusion on the actions and the image

portrayed by the respondents. The answers of the respondents, must be condensed,

clustered, interpreted and made meaningful. The researcher will take a lot of time to

do this phase.

6. Verifying

It is the time to discover the validity of the interview results. In order to verifying the

results surely. The results must be analyzed and if possible, ask again the

respondents for further clarifications.

Statistical Tool

Percentage
Validation of Questionares

The research question were formulated by the researchers and were validated by

the School Principal of the Senior High School the class researchers teacher and the

adviser of the TVL - ICT Students. The research questions were checked and revised.