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BELGIUMCAMPUS
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2021
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CASE <Case_Expression> If the <Case_Expression> is

equal to Value_1, then
WHEN Value_1 THEN Statement_1 Statement_1 is executed.

CASE is the extension of IF...ELSE WHEN Value_2 THEN Statement_2

statement. Unlike IF…ELSE,
where only the maximum of one
.
condition is allowed, CASE allows
the user to apply multiple
.
conditions to perform different After Statement_1 is
sets of actions.
WHEN Value_N THEN Statement_N executed, all the other
statements are skipped and
[ELSE Statement_ELSE] the CASE ends.

END

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CASE <Case_Expression> If the <Case_Expression> is NOT equal to

Value_1, then Statement_1 is skipped, and
WHEN Value_1 THEN Statement_1 the next value is checked.

CASE is the extension of IF...ELSE WHEN Value_2 THEN Statement_2

statement. Unlike IF…ELSE,
where only the maximum of one
.
condition is allowed, CASE allows
the user to apply multiple
.
conditions to perform different If the <Case_Expression> is equal to Value_2,
sets of actions.
WHEN Value_N THEN Statement_N then Statement_2 is executed and everything
else is skipped.
[ELSE Statement_ELSE] A CASE statement goes through all its conditions
and ONLY executes the one that is true.
END

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 CASE <Case_Expression> 5
WHEN Value_1 THEN Statement_1
START – CASE Keyword WHEN Value_2 THEN Statement_2
.
WHEN Value_N THEN Statement_N
TRUE [ELSE Statement_ELSE]
CASE_Expression =
Statement_1 END
Value_1

CASE <Case_Expression>
CASE is the extension of FALSE WHEN Value_1 THEN Statement_1
IF...ELSE statement. Unlike WHEN Value_2 THEN Statement_2
CASE_Expression = TRUE .
IF…ELSE, where only the Statement_2
Value_2 WHEN Value_N THEN Statement_N
maximum of one condition [ELSE Statement_ELSE]
is allowed, CASE allows the END
user to apply multiple FALSE
conditions to perform
CASE_Expression = TRUE CASE <Case_Expression>
different sets of actions. Statement_N WHEN Value_1 THEN Statement_1
Value_N
WHEN Value_2 THEN Statement_2
.
WHEN Value_N THEN Statement_N
FALSE [ELSE Statement_ELSE]
END
Statements_Else

CASE <Case_Expression>
WHEN Value_1 THEN Statement_1
WHEN Value_2 THEN Statement_2
CASE END .
WHEN Value_N THEN Statement_N
[ELSE Statement_ELSE]
END
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CASE expression
WHEN expression1a THEN expression1b
CASE is the extension of IF...ELSE
[WHEN expression1a THEN expression1b]
statement. Unlike IF…ELSE,
where only the maximum of one ELSE expressionNb
condition is allowed, CASE allows
the user to apply multiple END
conditions to perform different
sets of actions.

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DECLARE @IntVar INT

SET @IntVar = 1
Here is an example of using a
SELECT CASE @IntVar
CASE expression in a SELECT
statement: WHEN 0 THEN ‘This won’t show’
WHEN 1 THEN ‘This will show’
ELSE ‘This won’t show’
END

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SELECT Tutorial_ID, Tutorial_name,

Assume that we have the table

CASE Tutorial_name
as ’Gur99' with two columns and WHEN ‘SQL’ THEN ‘SQL is developed by IBM’
four rows as displayed below:
WHEN ’PL/SQL’ THEN ‘PL/SQL is developed by Oracle Corporation.’
Results Messages
WHEN ‘MS-SQL’ THEN ‘MS-SQL is developed by Microsoft Corporation’
Tutorial_ID Tutorial_name
END AS Description
1 1 SQL
FROM Guru99
2 2 PL/SQL

3 3 MS-SQL

4 4 Hadoop

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Source https://www.guru99.com/sql-server-case.html
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Source https://www.guru99.com/sql-server-case.html
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SELECT Tutorial_ID, Tutorial_name,

Assume that we have the table

CASE Tutorial_name
as ’Gur99' with two columns and WHEN ‘SQL’ THEN ‘SQL is developed by IBM’
four rows as displayed below:
WHEN ’PL/SQL’ THEN ‘PL/SQL is developed by Oracle Corporation.’
Results Messages
WHEN ‘MS-SQL’ THEN ‘MS-SQL is developed by Microsoft Corporation’
Tutorial_ID Tutorial_name
ELSE ‘This is NO SQL language.’
1 1 SQL
END AS Description
2 2 PL/SQL
FROM Guru99
3 3 MS-SQL

4 4 Hadoop

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Source https://www.guru99.com/sql-server-case.html
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CASE
WHEN <Boolean_Expression_1> THEN Statement_1
WHEN <Boolean_Expression_2> THEN Statement_2 . .
WHEN <Boolean_Expression_N> THEN Statement_N
Results Messages
[ELSE Statement_Else]
END AS [ALIAS_NAME]

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Source https://www.guru99.com/sql-server-case.html
 CASE <Case_Expression> 12
WHEN Boolean_Expression_1 THEN Statement_1
START – CASE Keyword WHEN Boolean_Expression_2 THEN Statement_2
.
WHEN Boolean_ Expression_N THEN Statement_N
TRUE [ELSE Statement_ELSE]
Boolean_Expression =
Statement_1 END
Value_1

CASE <Case_Expression>
FALSE WHEN Boolean_ Expression_1 THEN Statement_1
WHEN Boolean _Expression_2 THEN Statement_2
Boolean _Expression = TRUE .
Statement_2
Value_2 WHEN Boolean_ Expression_N THEN Statement_N
[ELSE Statement_ELSE]
END
FALSE

Boolean _Expression =
TRUE CASE <Case_Expression>
Statement_N WHEN Boolean_ Expression_1 THEN Statement_1
Value_N
WHEN Boolean_ Expression_2 THEN Statement_2
.
WHEN Boolean_Expression_N THEN Statement_N
FALSE [ELSE Statement_ELSE]
END
Statements_Else

CASE <Case_Expression>
WHEN Boolean_Expression_1 THEN Statement_1
WHEN Boolean_Expression_2 THEN Statement_2
CASE END .
WHEN Boolean_Expression_N THEN Statement_N
[ELSE Statement_ELSE]
END
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Conditions – Flight Tickets Actions performed, only if Condition is TRUE

Consider below example: Less than $100 Visit Los Angeles

Results
• If flight tickets are less than $100, then I will
Messages
Between $100 to $200 Visit New York
visit Los Angeles.
• If flight tickets are between $100 to $200,
then I will visit New York Between $200 to $400 Visit Europe
• If flight tickets are between $200 to $400,
then I will visit Europe
None of the above condition met Nearby tourist spot
• Else, I will prefer to visit some nearby tourist
spot.

Let's consider categorizing Condition and

Action separately from the above example:

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Conditions – Flight Tickets Actions performed, only if Condition is TRUE

Less than $100 Visit Los Angeles

Between $100 to $200 Visit New York

Between $200 to $400 Visit Europe

Consider below example: None of the above condition met Nearby tourist spot

Results
• If flight tickets are less than $100, then I will
Messages
DECLARE @Flight_Ticket INT
visit Los Angeles.
SET @Flight_Ticket = 190
• If flight tickets are between $100 to $200,
IF @Flight_Ticket >400
then I will visit New York
PRINT ‘Visit Nearby Tourist Location’
• If flight tickets are between $200 to $400,
ELSE
then I will visit Europe
BEGIN
• Else, I will prefer to visit some nearby tourist
SELECT
spot.
CASE
Let's consider categorizing Condition and
WHEN @Flight_Ticket BETWEEN 0 AND 100 THEN ‘Visit LA’
Action separately from the above example:
WHEN @Flight_Ticket BETWEEN 101 AND 200 THEN ‘Visit NY’
WHEN @Flight_Ticket BETWEEN 201 AND 400 THEN ‘Visit Europe’
END AS Location
END

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