INSTALLATION OF

HOT WATER SUPPLY

FOR HOTEL
INTRODUCTION
 INTRODUCTION
❖ Hot water is an essential part of everyday life across Malaysia.

❖ Hot water is not only important for domestic uses but also important for commercial
buildings like office, hotels and hospital.

❖ In hotel industry, it is efficient to use solar water heating system to supply hot water.

❖ Solar water heating system will insulate the hotel room from rising fossil fuel cost.

❖ The average hot water consumption per occupant in hotel is 90-160 liters per day.
 1.TANKLESS WATER HEATING SYSTEM

❖ System where the water heated instantly to meet the

requirements of the consumer.
❖ It is also known as tankless or instantaneous water
heaters.
❖ Electricity or gas can be used in instantaneous water
heaters.
❖ It is often used in a situation where long distribution
pipe would mean an unnecessarily long wait for hot
water.
❖ Only operate when hot water is required.
❖ Can be placed on the wall or built inside the wall.
 2.STORAGE WATER HEATING SYSTEM

❖ Centralized hot water supply system is heated by fuel

oil and stored in storage tank.
❖ It is also known as storage system.
❖ Boiler and heater must be placed closely to the
storage tank to reduce the heat losses.
❖ It is recommended to place in the centre of the
building to reduce the heat loss.
❖ Pipework should be insulated to conserve heat.
 3.SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM
❖ It uses free heat collected from the sun to heat up the
cold water and supply domestic hot water.
❖ Consists of solar panels and collectors.
❖ This system require a well insulated storage tank.
❖ Storage tank must have an additional outlet and inlet
connected to and from the collector.
❖ There are two types of solar water heating systems:
- Active solar water heating systems
- Passive solar water heating systems
INSTALLATION
PROCESS
INSTALLATION OF HOT WATER SUPPLY
❖ More complicated while required to install at high rise building .
❖ Enormous piping system required .
❖ Few considerations :
- Type of hot water supply system to be installed
- Materials for pipe used
CENTRALIZED HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

❖ Water heated in a hot storage vessel, boiler or small gas circulator.

❖ It connected by supply pipework and circulatory pipework .
❖ The water temperature in storage vessel should not exceed 60ºC,
❖ There are two main types of hot water supply:
- Direct hot water supply.
- Indirect hot water supply.
 PIPING MATERIAL

1.Copper 2.Cross-Link Polyethylene (PEX)

❖ High thermal conductivity . ❖ Plastic pipe which able to withstand

❖ Lower cost and high availability temperature up to 100ºC .
❖ Speeds up installation process since
it is flexible.
 PIPING MATERIAL

3.Polybutylene(PB)

❖ Plastic resin material.

❖ Low cost and easily installed .
❖ Not resistant against oxidants
❖ Poor chemical resistivity.
STORAGE TANK

Huge storage tank to be installed on top of Installation of reasonable sized storage

building tanks every 10th levels
 ZONING VALVE
❖ Installation at main pipe each floor before separated into every room.
❖ Allows easier maintenance .
MAINTENANCE
1.TEMPERATURE MONITORING

❖ Circulating hot water supply systems

1) principal loops
2) subordinate loops
3) localized loops

❖ Thermal disinfection
Maintaining the temperature high enough
 2.INSPECTION OF CALORIFIERS
❖ Carried out by removing the inspection hatch or using a horoscope
❖ Cleaned by draining the vessel
❖ Initial flush should be collected and inspected for clarity,quantity of debris and
temperature
❖ Frequency of inspection
When?
❖ New water installation or refurbishment of hot water system
❖ Hot water is not used for a prolonged period
❖ Indicate evidence of microbial contamination
 3.CHLORINE INSPECTION
❖ Routine chlorination after tank installation
❖ Disinfection purpose and suitable concentration range of chlorine is 0.5-1.0mg
per liter
❖ Need to do annually
❖ Overdose of chlorine will cause health issues
❖ Infections and irritations
 4.WATER SOFTENER
❖ Light scale formation of water softener on inner surface of pipes
❖ Decrease the heavy deposit that impact of efficiency of systems
❖ Decrease the risk of causing microbial colonization
❖ Reduce potential of the water being infected by microorganisms.
 5.WATER SAMPLES INSPECTION
❖ Water samples at final outlets should be collected randomly on weekly basis

❖ Evidence of microbial contamination of the water system

❖ Investigate all the required elements in the water are of suitable dosage.

❖ The storage and piping system and essential repair should be conducted if
necessary.
ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
 1.TANKLESS WATER HEATING SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Long term energy savings Start-up delay

Less Physical space Risk of fire

Unlimited hot water High maintenance cost

Reduced risk of water damage

 2.STORAGE WATER HEATING SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
High flow rates Pre heat hot water needed
Low maintenance costs Hot water require recovery time
Provides large bulk of storage Storage space needed
Risk of pipes freezing in winter
 3.SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Safe to use Maintenance cost is high
Save cost Initial cost is high
Convenient Complicated installation
Environment friendly
 CASE STUDY

ROYAL ORCHID SHERATON HOTEL

 ROYAL ORCHID SHERATON HOTEL

❖ Located in Bangkok, Thailand

❖ Open for business since 1984, last
renovated in 2010
❖ 726 rooms with unobstructed river
views
❖ Uses solar energy heating system by
Pranee Tech Ltd
OLD HOT WATER HEATING SYSTEM

❖ Using boiler to produce steam

❖ Can produce 5 tons of steam per hour
❖ Required 2000 Litres of fuel per day
❖ Steam produced are used to generate
hot water generator
❖ Maximum temperature controlled at
55°C
NEW HOT WATER HEATING SYSTEM

❖ Solar heating system since 2008

❖ Reason:
- Increasing price of fuel over US$ 0.70/litre
- Subsidy 4500 Baht/m2 from Department
of Alternative Energy Development and
Efficiency (DEDE)
Solar Collector: 357m2 Average output temperature: 55°C
Hot Water Storage Tank: 2 (23,000 Litres) 24,000 Litres per day of hot water
Heat Pump: 5
Circulation Pump & Control System
 OPERATION OF SOLAR SYSTEM
❖ Using Differential Thermostat
❖ Circulation Pumps : radiate heat
❖ 5 Heat Pumps : Additional supply 2000 Litres per hour each at 50°C at 30°C
initial temperature.
❖ Flow of Hot Water: Storage tank, generator, piping system, occupants
 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BENEFIT

❖ Reduce the emission of carbon dioxide gas (CO2)

Reason: solar energy (renewable energy) , saving in fuel oil consumption

❖ Estimated carbon dioxide gas (CO2) released: 300 tonnes ( saving in fuel oil,
increase of electricity usage)
 DISADVANTAGE OF SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM

❖ Require additional electricity sources when solar energy is insufficient

❖ Regular Maintenance
POSSIBLE PROBLEM
TO HOT WATER
SUPPLY SYSTEM
 POSSIBLE PROBLEM
1.AIRLOCKS 2.LEAKAGE
❖ Effect to the water flow ❖ Cause by:
❖ Air may enter through : - Crack and rust inside the hot water tank
-Cylinder vent
- Loosen drain valve
- Water that need to be heat
- Hot water tank - High temperature and pressure inside
the hot water tank
❖ Cause by:
- Insufficient size of hot water tank - Lack of maintenance
- Narrow pipe that connect cold water
tank and hot water tank
 POSSIBLE PROBLEM
3.INSUFFICIENT HOT WATER 4.OVERHEATING
❖ Cause by : ❖ Cause serious cases such as:
- Low environment temperature (In - Steam shoot out
winter)
- Hot water flows out from the tank
- Insufficient size of hot water tank
- Boiling sounds produce from the tank
- Leakage
- Airlocks
- Age of hot water heater
 POSSIBLE PROBLEM
5.DISCOLOURED HOT WATER 6.BAD SMELL
❖ Black or rusty-coloured hot water ❖ Rotten eggs smell
❖ Cause by: ❖ Cause :
- The reaction between water - Dissolved anode feed by bacteria
and anode in water heater. and produce hydrogen gas
 POSSIBLE PROBLEM
7.NOISE
● Pops, bangs and gurgles sound
● Cause by:
- Sediments build up excessively
- Scale build on heating element
- Expanding and contracting of metal parts
- Hard water scale
 SOLUTION
&
FUTURE RECOMMENDATION
 SOLUTION

1.AIRLOCKS 2.LEAKAGE
❖ Require sufficient pressure to push
❖ Regular Maintenance should be made
the air through the pipes
❖ Installing vent points in the pipes so 3.INSUFFICIENT HOT WATER
air can escape through it ❖ Install a larger tank
❖ Switch to instantaneous hot water
supply system
 SOLUTION
4.OVERHEATING 5.DISCOLOURED HOT WATER

❖ Check the thermostats to ensure it is ❖ Regular maintenance

functioning properly ❖ Change the dissolved anode

6.BAD SMELL 7.NOISE

❖ Use rubber insulation

❖ Flush the tank
❖ Make sure that the pipes is not
❖ Change the dissolved anode
directly in contact with the building
❖ Ensure the pipe is installed rigidly
 FUTURE RECOMMENDATION
1.INSTALLATION OF EXTRA TANK 2.INSTALLING HOT WATER
PUMP & HIGH EFFICIENCY LOOP
❖ Bigger capacity
SYSTEM
❖ Improve efficiency
❖ A more efficient way to deliver
hot water
❖ Saves time
 FUTURE RECOMMENDATION
3. LOSS OF WATER PRESSURE 4. REGULAR MAINTENANCE
❖ Water supply needs to be checked for
blockage.
❖ Installing additional hot water tanks
❖ Installing an instantaneous hot water
supply system
❖ Raising the storage to a higher
ground