India’s Foreign Policy
CERTIFICATE
This Is To Certify That Nancy Morris, Sophia Samson,
Tanishka Chaudhary And Rachel Thomas, Students Of
Class XII Have Successfully Completed The Research On The
Project India’s Foreign Policy Under The Guidance Of
Sharon Joslin (Subject Teacher) During The Year 2021-
2022.
AWKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our
teacher
Sharon Joslin as well as our principle Sr. Tina Maria who
gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on
the topic India’s Foreign Policy, which also helped us in
doing a lot of research and we came to know about so many
new things. We’re really thankful to them.
Secondly the project could not have been completed without
the effort and co-operation of our group members and their
parents who helped us in finalizing the project within the
limited time.
We’re doing this project not only for marks but to increase our
knowledge.
INDEX
❖About India
❖Structure of government
❖What is foreign policy?
❖Foreign policy of India
❖Policy makers
❖Factors of India's policy
ABOUT INDIA
India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is
the second-most populous country, the seventh-largest country by
land area, and the most populous democracy in the world.
❖ Geography of India
• 29 States and 9 Union Territories
• 3.287 million sq km- Area [7th largest country]
• 1.39 billion- population
• 22 Official languages and 447 Native languages
• 7517 km coastline, 5423 km mainland
❖ Economy
• 5th largest economy
• Fastest growth economy
• Largest of 5 Trillion dollar economy in 2025
❖ Neighbors
• Afghanistan
• Pakistan
• China
• Nepal
• Bhutan
• Bangladesh
• Sri Lanka
• Maldives
• Myanmar
❖ Constitution of India
• Supreme law of India
• 365 laws and 12 schedules
• The longest hand-written constitution in world
• Its framing tool 2 years, 11 month and 18 days
• India is the world’s largest democracy
❖ The flag- Tri color
• Saffron - Courage and Sacrifice
• White – truth, peace and purity
• Green – prosperity
❖ Republic- Republic of India
• The constitution of India
• Republic day - 26th January [1950 - .. ]
❖ Independent- Independent India / Sovereign India
• Sovereign, Socialist, Democratic, Secular, Republic
• Independence day – 15th August [1947 - ..]
STURCTURE OF GOVERNMENT]
• Parliamentary form of Government.
• Democratic and republic form of Government.
BRANCHES
LEGISLATIVE JUDICIARY
EXECUTIVE
IMPLEMENT CHECK
MAKE LAW LAW LAWS
HORIZONTAL FORM
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
STATE GOVERNMENT
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
MUNICIPAL PANCHAYAT
CORP.
VERTICAL FORM
WHAT IS FOREIGN POLICY?
A country’s foreign policy (also called the international relation’s policy) is a
set of goals about how the country will work with other countries,
economically, politically, socially and militarily. It includes such matters as
international aid, trade, foreign aid, military alliances and war.
• The main objective of foreign policy is to use diplomacy- or talking,
meeting and making agreements- to solve international problems.
• They try to keep problems from developing into conflicts that require
military settlements
FOREIGN POLICY OF INDIA
The principles of India’s Foreign Policy and its objectives are closely
interlinked with each other.
➢ PANCHSHEEL
Panchsheel also called the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence was
signed by the Indian Prime Minister Nehru and the Chinese Premier
Zhou Enlai on 29th April 1954 and since then it has become a guiding
principle of India’s bilateral relations with other countries. It includes the
following five principles of foreign policy:
• Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty.
• Non-aggression against each other.
• Non-interference in each other’s internal affairs.
• Equality and mutual benefit.
• Peaceful co-existence
These principles of Panchsheel were later incorporated in the Bandung
Declaration, signed in the Afro-Asian Conference held in 1955 in
Indonesia.
➢POLICY OF NON-ALIGNMENT
Non-alignment is the most important feature of India’s foreign policy.
Its core element is to maintain independence in foreign affairs by not
joining any military alliance formed by the USA and the Soviet Union,
which emerged as an important aspect of Cold War politics.
➢THE POLICY OF RESISTING COLONIALISM, IMPERIALISM,
RACISM
India has been a victim of colonialism and racism and was opposed to
these evils in any form. India considers colonialism and imperialism as a
threat to international peace and security. India was the first to bring the
issue of Apartheid in the UN in 1946.
➢PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES
One of the core elements of India’s foreign policy is the unflinching
faith in the political situation and peaceful settlement of international
disputes. India is always against foreign military intervention for
resolving international problems.
POLICY MAKERS
1. Prime Minister Office :
Jawaharlal Nehru India’s first Prime Minister, promoted a strong
personal role for the Prime Minister. Nehru served concurrently as
Prime Minister and Minister of External Affairs; he made all major
foreign policy decisions himself after consulting with his advisers and
then entrusted the conduct of international affairs to senior members of
the Indian Foreign Service. He was the main founding fathers of the
Panchsheel or the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence.
2. Ministry of External Affairs:
The Ministry of External Affairs is the Indian government's agency
responsible for the foreign relations of India. It holds cabinet rank as a
member of the Council of Ministers. Subrahmanyam Jaishankar is
current Minister of External Affairs.
3. Indian Foreign Secretary:
The Indian Foreign Secretary is the head of Indian Foreign Service (IFS)
and therefore, serves as the head of all Indian ambassadors and high
commissioners. Harsh Vardhan Shringla is the current Foreign
Secretary of India.
FACTORS OF INDIA’S POLICY
Foreign policy of a country is shaped of multiple internal and external
factors. The major internal factors that influence the foreign policy are
geographical factors, culture and history, economic factors, technology,
national capability, leadership, political accountability, bureau of press and
bureaucracy.
India’s foreign policy is shaped by five broad factors which are
as follows:
➢ Geography
➢ Strategic culture
➢ India’s requirements and goals
➢ Global and regional challenges
➢ Resources
THANK YOU
Project by:-
➢Sophia Samson
➢Nancy Morris
➢Rachel Thomas
➢Tanishka Chaudhary
