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AC DC Analysis BJT Diffrential Amp PDF

This document provides analysis of a differential amplifier circuit. It begins with a DC analysis to determine the operating point values for the transistors. It then discusses an AC analysis using h-parameters. It defines the differential gain (Ad) as the ratio of the balanced output voltage to the differential input voltage. When the two input signals are equal in magnitude and 180 degrees out of phase, the differential gain expression is derived. It also defines the common mode gain (Ac) as the ratio of the output to the common mode input voltage, which is derived when the two input signals are in phase.

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2K views8 pages

AC DC Analysis BJT Diffrential Amp PDF

This document provides analysis of a differential amplifier circuit. It begins with a DC analysis to determine the operating point values for the transistors. It then discusses an AC analysis using h-parameters. It defines the differential gain (Ad) as the ratio of the balanced output voltage to the differential input voltage. When the two input signals are equal in magnitude and 180 degrees out of phase, the differential gain expression is derived. It also defines the common mode gain (Ac) as the ratio of the output to the common mode input voltage, which is derived when the two input signals are in phase.

Uploaded by

tanishk jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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D.C.

Analysis of Differential Amplifier

The d.c. analysis means to obtain the operating point values i.e. I Cq and V CEQ for
the transistors used. The supply voltages are d.c. while the input signals are a.c.,
so d.c equivalent circuit can be obtained simply by reducing the input a.c. signals
to zero. The d.c. equivalent circuit thus obtained is shown in the Fig.. Assuming
Rs1 = R S2, the source resistance is simply denoted by Rs ,

The transistors Q1 and Q 2 are matched transistors and hence for such a matched
pair we can assume :

i) Both the transistors have the same characteristics.

ii) R E1 = R E2 hence R E= R E1ll R E2.

iii) R C1 = R c 2 hence denoted as R C.

iv)lVCCI = lVEE I and both are measured with respect to ground.


As the two transistors are matched and circuit is symmetrical, it is enough to find
out
operating point I CQ and V CEQ, for any one of the two transistors. The same is
applicable for the other transistor.

Apply-g KVL to base-emitter loop of the transistor Q1


A.C. Analysis of Differential Amplifier using h-Parameters

In the a.c. analysis, we will calculate the differential gain Ad, common mode gain
A C, input resistance Ri and the output resistance R 0 of the differential amplifier
circuit, using the h-parameters.

1. Differential Gain (A d)

For the differential gain calculation, the two input signals must be different from
each other. Let the two a.c. input signals be equal in magnitude but having 180"
phase difference in between them. The magnitude of each a.c. input voltage
V S1 and V S2beVs /2. The two a.c. emitter currents I e1 and I e2 are equal in
magnitude and 180' out of phase. Hence they cancel each other to get resultant
a.c. current through the emitter as zero. For the a.c. purposes emitter terminal can
be grounded. The a.c. small signal differential amplifier circuit with grounded
emitter terminal is shown in the Fig1 As the two transistors are matched, the a.c.
equivalent circuit for the other transistor is identical to the one shown in the
Fig..1. Thus the circuit can be analyzed by considering only one transistor. This
is called as half circuit concept of analysis. The approximate hybrid model for the
above circuit can be shown as in the Fig.2, neglecting hoe,
The negative sign indicates the phase difference between input and output. Now
two input signal magnitudes are VS /2 but they are opposite in polarity, as 180"
out of phase.

the expression for A d with balanced output changes as

This is the differential gain for balanced output dual input differential amplifier
circuit.

2. Common Mode Gain (A C)

Let the magnitude of both the a.c. input signals be VS and are in phase with each
other. Hence the differential input Vd = 0 while the common mode input Vc is
the average value of the two.
But now both the emitter currents flows through R E in the Same direction. Hence
the total current flowing through R E is 2I e. considering only one transistor, as in
the Fig

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