Computer Science and Information Technologies

Vol. 3, No. 3, November 2022, pp. 194~202

ISSN: 2722-3221, DOI: 10.11591/csit.v3i3.pp194-202  194

Implementation of the internet of things on smart posters using

near field communication technology in the tourism sector

Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah1, Astri Ayu Purwati2, Sutoyo3, Arif Marsal1, Sarbani4, Nazaruddin5
1
Department of Information System, Faculty Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru,
Indonesia
2
Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru,
Indonesia
4
Department of Math, Faculty Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
5
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru,
Indonesia

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: Tourism promotion in Pekanbaru is one step in increasing the number of
tourists visiting Pekanbaru City. Through tourism promotion, tourists will
Received Jul 26, 2022 find out where the locations are in Pekanbaru and information related to
Revised Nov 1, 2022 these tourist objects. This research aims to design a tourism promotion
Accepted Nov 10, 2022 system using near-field communication (NFC) smart posters using
smartphones in the city of Pekanbaru and apply NFC technology to Android
smartphones in the city of Pekanbaru. Promote tourism in the city of
Keywords: Pekanbaru. They were testing this application with the System Usability
Score, which had a good score of 74.30. This study shows that the planning
Internet of things and modeling of the smart poster system using NFC technology makes it
Near field communication easier to identify important information for every tourism activity in
Smart poster Pekanbaru. The results of this study are the design and product of an
Tourism intelligent poster using NFC on an Android smartphone that can help users
achieve information so that it is more effective and efficient.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah
Department of Information System, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Email: [Link]@[Link]

1. INTRODUCTION
In the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, all digital-based industries involving interactions between
humans, machines, data, and everything are now known as the "internet of things" (IoT) and "cyber-physical
systems" (CPS) [1]–[3]. The increased demand for precise, effective, and efficient technology and
information systems to make it easier to carry out activities in the business, social, and educational sectors
has fueled the rapid rise of information technology [4], [5]. As computer technology gets better, so does the
way people work as a system. This has led to a big shift toward information systems based on computers and
smartphones [6], [7].
The smart city refers to urban innovation and transformation that intends to use infrastructure,
information and communication technology (ICT), knowledge resources, and social infrastructure to promote
economic regeneration, social cohesion, improved municipal administration, and infrastructure management.
Smart City is a technology that combines technical innovation, organizational innovation, and policy
innovation to make it simpler for people to access information and move rapidly and flexibly [8]–[11].

Journal homepage: [Link]

Comput Sci Inf Technol ISSN: 2722-3221  195

Tourism promotion in Pekanbaru is one step in increasing the number of tourists visiting Pekanbaru
City. Tourists will be aware of the locations in Pekanbaru, as well as information about these tourist
attractions, thanks to tourism promotion. With this strategic location, Pekanbaru City also has a lot of tourism
potential, which can be categorized into recreational tourism, nature tourism, cultural tourism, special interest
tourism, religious tourism, historical tourism, and shopping tours. For this reason, it is necessary to take more
severe handling actions to attract interest and increase tourist visits to Pekanbaru City. This study aims to
design a tourism promotion system in Pekanbaru using an NFC smart poster and a smartphone, as well as to
apply NFC technology to an Android smartphone in order to promote tourism in Pekanbaru.
NFC is one of the most critical advancements in wireless communication technology because it
allows radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to be integrated into mobile devices. This
technology is used in ubiquitous computing to obtain various information and services from multiple sources
at any location. Creating tools that give all of the fundamental choices for deciding, storing, and retrieving
this information and services is required to create an intelligent environment where we can acquire
knowledge from items around us via NFC. Furthermore, these tools must interface with various devices and
RFID tags using different standards set by the NFC Forum. This paper covers the tool and how it may be
used in a university setting. Several varieties of smart posters, such as faculty smart posters, have been
created with this goal in mind [12], [13].
Smart posters are an exciting new application for NFC and QR-Code capable mobile devices;
however, no security mechanism is currently in place. Secure Smart Poster for Android Using NFC (SPAN)
is a three-part smart poster system that includes an administrator web interface for managing posters,
backend servers for storing and serving data, and Android apps for end users. S-SPAN enforces smart poster
data integrity and the authentication and authorization of administrators and end-users, thereby ensuring that
only authorized users can access the content. This project may be used for college projects. This is a
relatively secure method of distributing homework to students [14], [15]. Smart tourism is a new phrase used
to describe how tourist locations, their industries, and their visitors are becoming increasingly reliant on
developing types of ICT that allow enormous volumes of data to be translated into value offerings. However,
it is not defined as a notion that impedes its theoretical growth. This paper describes smart tourism, examines
current smart tourism trends, and then sets out the technical and business basics. A brief review of the
benefits and downsides of smart tourism follows. This report also emphasizes the critical importance of
research in creating and managing smart tourism. NFC, particularly NFC tags and smart posters, can aid in-
destination service quality, branding, and marketing for tourist professionals [16]–[19].
Data-intensive computing (Big Data), open-source, large-scale distributed systems, IoT, physical
computing, cybersocial networking, service orientation, and cloud computing are crucial concepts for
realizing the Smart City vision [20], [21]. Real-world smart cities are supported by a mix of paradigms that
use a mix of architectures (centralized, decentralized, or a combination of both) and infrastructures like
middleware and IoT platforms to support the creation of smart city applications and information systems
[22], [23].
Cities are about their citizens, the people who live in them and interact with them. Fortunately,
thanks to the continued development of sensing and communication technologies, interactions between
people and the virtual and physical worlds can be digitized, recorded, and aggregated, opening up new
opportunities for monitoring urban activity on an unprecedented scale [24]. Data is essential to developing
smart cities in the current era of big data. They look at how far Chinese cities have come, what problems they
face, and what opportunities there are for the future [25], [26].
The smart city is a place full of cameras, sensors, big data analytics, control centers, and the like.
Smart cities are closely related to the IoT. The IoT has been hailed as a promising technology that can
address a wide range of societal issues [27], [28]. Many firms, according to Cisco, are experiencing IoT,
which is a network link between actual items and virtual worlds. Individuals, society, and the corporate
sector now have new chances to access large amounts of data and build new applications and services,
resulting in a cleaner environment and a wiser society. This technology enables users to track, regulate, and
affect their energy consumption and create renewable energy on their own (for example, by using solar
panels). Choosing when and how to charge your electric car is one way to maximize renewable energy usage
while lowering costs. Consumers may use smartphones or tablets to get information on the system's
renewable energy supply and how much power it costs [29], [30].
In the Industrial Revolution paradigm framework, studies in the literature demonstrate that the
application of the fourth industrial revolution will lead to new risks and possibilities in the tourism industry,
particularly in transportation, marketing, visitor expectations, and types of services [31], [32]. Big data
analytics, cloud systems, the IoT, and simulations have the potential to transform tourist service delivery and
marketing. Customer demands will be easier to understand and satisfy due to product digitalization, big data,
and cloud computing. Intelligent buildings and cybersecurity applications will have a significant impact on
the physical environment of the hospitality industry. Excursions to locations and facilities in a virtual
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environment, bookings, hotel selection, and food and beverages may be arranged in advance using the
Industry 4.0 application. Intelligent robots might provide greetings, transfers, waiter service, payments,
marketing, on-site guidance, and food and drink orders. Producers and consumers can also share innovation
and diverse experiences based on high technology employment in this scenario [33], [34].
Furthermore, with the implementation of Industry 4.0, such a technique will undoubtedly result in a
multi-faceted transformation for visitors and managers seeking a unique experience in the industry's future.
Finally, it appears that throughout the fourth industrial revolution, tourism will continue to promote peace,
stability, and the restoration of socio-cultural links between nations. As a result, new trends in the tourist
business will result in new revolutionary processes [35], [36].
The majority of smartphones today include several sensors that may improve and build new user
experiences. This is true for integrated cameras capable of scanning visual codes such as Quick Response
(QR) Codes, as well as other sensing technologies such as RFID and associated NFC. QR codes and RFID
tags have become more popular in the last decade. They were initially employed to track items in the
industry, but they have now helped build several novel concepts that combine the real and virtual worlds.
RFID and Data Capture is a technology for storing and retrieving data from an identification chip that
employs radio waves. RFID tags are the name for these chips. RFID is currently widely utilized in industry
for security, access control, transportation, and supply chain management, among other uses. A reader/writer,
an RFID tag, and a software program for data processing are the three essential components of an RFID
system [37], [38]. A radio frequency unit, a baseband processor, and an NFC controller with an antenna are
required components of an NFC-enabled mobile device. It also has a secure smartcard chip called a specific
element that may be used for emulation mode tags, which allow mobile devices to function as smart cards
[39], [40].

2. RESEARCH METHOD
This research methodology includes a framework that includes identifying the scope, determining
objectives, studying literature, analyzing problems, designing models with UML, designing library
management systems with NFC, system testing, implementation, evaluation, and product launching. The
framework for this research method describes how an Android-based NFC smart poster was used to promote
tourism in Pekanbaru as a step toward making it a smart city.

2.1. Scope identification

At this stage, the authors identify the scope of the research, which aims to maintain the consistency
of this research so that it is more focused and the expected goals of the research are achieved. In identifying
this scope, the author sets the boundaries of the problem to be solved. In this case, it is in the form of UML
modeling to design the Pekanbaru tourism promotion system towards a smart city using an Android-based
NFC smart poster.

2.2. Setting goals and studying literature

After limiting the scope and formulation of the problem in the topic under study, the next step is to
determine the framework of the objectives of the research being carried out. The purpose of this research is to
determine how to design a UML model for the design of the Pekanbaru tourism promotion system towards a
smart city using an Android-based NFC smart poster. The next step is to study the literature so that it can be
selected to determine which literature will be used in this study. Journal articles about library management,
smartphones, Android, NFC, and other reading materials that help with research are used as literature
sources.

2.3. Problem analysis

Problem analysis is carried out to understand the problems that have been found in field research.
By analyzing the problem, it is hoped that the problem can be properly understood to determine the steps for
solving it. The problem in question is how to design and build an application for tourism promotion in
Pekanbaru toward a smart city using an Android-based NFC smart poster.

2.4. Data collection and model design

After analyzing the problem, the next step is to collect the data needed to design the Pekanbaru
tourism promotion system towards a smart city using an Android-based NFC smart poster. After obtaining
the analysis of the problem, it was carried out. The next step is to put the problem into the form of a UML
model. Later, an Android-based NFC smart poster will be used to build a tourism promotion app for
Pekanbaru's move toward becoming a smart city. This will be done with the help of the UML model.

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2.5. System planning

The results of the model's design will then be implemented into the design of the Pekanbaru tourism
promotion system aimed at creating a smart city using an Android-based NFC smart poster. In this case, the
system in question is an Android-based learning application. This design will later be made in accordance
with NFC technology on Android using the Java programming language with the help of Android Studio
software so that this application can run smoothly on Android-based smartphones.

2.6. System test, implementation, evaluation and product launch

The designed system is then tested to see how well it meets expectations using the System Usability
Score Test. The system that was built was implemented in the promotion of tourism in Pekanbaru towards a
smart city using an Android-based NFC smart poster. Following implementation, the program is evaluated to
determine its shortcomings as well as its effectiveness, efficiency, and practicability. The product will launch
after being evaluated so that there are no shortages and it can be used continuously.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. System analysis and need analysis
Analysis is the breakdown of a large-scale information system into its constituent parts. In order to
propose adjustments, it is necessary to identify and assess problems, possibilities, and obstacles. The goal of
the needs analysis is to determine what is required for the system that is constructed and to understand the
supporting needs of the system design.

3.1. Functional needs analysis

Functional requirements are the types of requirements that describe the processes that the system
will perform. Information that must exist and be made by the system is also part of the functional
requirements. This includes the following:
a) This system will display a main menu page with several menus, namely: add data menu, update/edit
data menu, view inventory data, delete data.
b) When the user selects a menu, the application will display a new page containing a list of information
based on the chosen menu.
c) This system can display information according to the selected menu.
d) There is an additional data menu by attaching an Android smartphone equipped with NFC technology to
the NFC tag on the poster, then entering the computer data into the NFC tag and the database.
e) In the view data menu by attaching the android smartphone to the NFC tag it automatically reads the
contents of the tag.

3.2. Non-functional needs analysis

Non-functional needs are those that have behavioral aspects that belong to the system., including
hardware requirements, software requirements (software) and human resource requirements.
a) Analysis of hardware requirements
Hardware requirements analysis aims to find out exactly what hardware is needed. The hardware
needed for the creation and implementation of applications are:
i) Hardware requirements for manufacture:
 AMD Dual Core A9-9420 3.6 GHz
 RAM DDR4 4 GB
 1TB ATA hard drive
 Samsung Monitor 21"
 Keyboard and Mouse
ii) Hardware requirements for implementation:
 Xiaomi MI 8 Mobile with Android OS
 Processor Octa-core Max 2.8 GHz
 6GB RAM
 NFC tag (Ntag 216)
b) Analysis of software requirements (software)
Software is a device that functions to carry out work on data processing systems to support the
operation of computer systems that can be obtained free of charge because the supporting applications
are open source. The software needed for the creation and implementation of applications are:
i) Software requirements for manufacturing:
 Windows 10 OS

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 Eclipse/Android Studio
 Android SDK
 Android Development Tools (ADT)
 Java Development Kit (JDK)
ii) Software requirements for application:
 Android 9 (Pie)

3.3. System design and global system design

This stage is in the process of designing a better system and can run in accordance with the various
aspects of the problems and needs described previously. The system design on a smart poster using NFC
technology is designed using a tool in the form of unified modeling language (UML) to make it easier to
transfer the designed concept into program form, where the design is described in the following diagrams.

Use case diagrams

Use cases describe how someone will use or utilize a system or application that describes the
processes carried out by the user on the system or application. The function of the use case diagram is: Useful
to show the process of activities in sequence in the system, Able to describe business processes, even
displaying the sequence of activities in a process and as a bridge between the software developer and the
consumer to describe a system. Here is Figure 1 about the use case diagram of the system design on Smart
Poster using NFC technology:

Figure 1. Use case diagram

3.4. System implementation and testing

After the system is analyzed and designed, the system is ready to be implemented or implemented.
The implementation stage is where the user uses the system created. Before it can be used properly by users,
the system must go through a testing phase first to ensure that no fatal problems arise when users use the
system. If the software system has passed the testing phase, then the software system is ready for use.

3.5. System implementation

System testing aims to see whether the designed system is by what is expected, after testing, the
quality of a system will be seen. The following is a system page display that has been designed, starting from
the splash screen, home page, writing data into the tag page and reading data from the tag on the android
application. The following smart poster has been made in Figure 2 and and in Figure 3 is showing the menus
for entering data into the NFC tag.
Figure 3 shows that the user will fill the tourism information form into the NFC tag and database,
then the user will attach his android smartphone to the NFC tag. The following is the display of writing data
into the NFC tag, as shown in Figure 4. After the software is made the next step is testing. System testing is
carried out to see how far the results are similar to the output of this system. First, writing data to the NFC tag
is carried out, then reading the data from the NFC tag. The output displays the information obtained
according to the data entered into the tag.

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Figure 2. NFC smart poster Figure 3. Write data to NFC tag

Figure 4. Add Data to NFC Tag

3.6. SUS calculation

The SUS score is calculated using 36 respondents; for odd-numbered questions, the weight of the
answers obtained is reduced by one, and for even-numbered questions, the weight of the answers produced is
reduced by five. To get the overall SUS score, the value of the first and second processes is multiplied by 2.5.
So, in this study, the SUS score was 74.30. The adjective rating is an aspect in determining the rating on the
application, and for calculating the SUS score that has been obtained, which is 74.30, it is included in the
"good" category. The grade scale is an aspect in determining the quality level of the application; with a SUS
score of 74.30, it is included in the grade C category. Acceptability Ranges play a role in determining the
level of acceptance of the application; an SUS score of 74.30 places the application in the acceptable
marginal category, indicating that it is already well accepted.

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4. CONCLUSION
Planning and modeling systems on smart posters that make use of NFC technology make it simpler
for every tourist in Pekanbaru to identify information that is crucial to their experience. The Near Field
Communication (NFC) mechanism included on Android smartphones has the potential to simplify the
process of obtaining information and make users more productive and efficient. The use of NFC technology
in the Smart Poster system, which was used in the modeling and design of the aforementioned system, can
then be developed and applied to other units in other districts in Riau. This will allow for the realization of an
overall and perfect enterprise architecture, as well as the need for further socialization to all stakeholders,
which will ensure that the system runs according to expectations and goals.

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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah is a lecturer at the Information Systems

Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif
Kasim Riau, Indonesia. He received the [Link] in Software Engineering from Universiti Utara
Malaysia (2008–2011), the [Link] in Computer Science from Universitas Putra Indonesia
YPTK Padang (2015–2016), and the Dr. in Technical and Vocational Education at the
Engineering Faculty of Universitas Negeri Padang (2017–2021). His research interests include
management information systems, software engineering, UI/UX, AR, VR, blended learning,
the internet of things, and artificial intelligence. He can be contacted by email at
[Link]@[Link].

Astri Ayu Purwati is a lecturer at the Management Department, Faculty of

Business, Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia, Indonesia. She graduated with a
Bachelor of Science ([Link].) in Biotechnology Management from Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia (2008–2011), a Master of Science ([Link].) in Quality and Productivity Improvement
from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (2011–2013), and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in
Management Science from Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia Surabaya (2014–present)
(2018–2021). Her areas of interest in study include quality management, human resources,
marketing, strategy, and information management for management. She can be contacted by
email at: [Link]@[Link].

Implementation of the internet of things on smart posters using near … (Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah)
202  ISSN: 2722-3221

Sutoyo is a lecturer at Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty Science and

Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Indonesia. He received the
ST in Electrical Engineering from Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, M.T in
Electrical Engineering from Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember. His research interest
include Ionosphere, Radio HF Channel, Signal Quality, Communication Propagation Model.
He can be contacted at email: sutoyo@[Link].

Arif Marsal is a lecturer at Information System Department, Faculty Science and

Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Indonesia. He received the
LC from Al Azhar University, M.A in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. His research interest
include Fiqh, Study Quran, Hadits, Morals, Information System in Islam. He can be contacted
at email: [Link]@[Link].

Sarbaini is a lecturer at Math Department, Faculty Science and Technology,

Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Indonesia. He received the [Link] in Math
from FMIPA Universitas Riau (2015), [Link] in Math from Institut Teknologi Bandung (2019).
His research interest include graph theory and its applications. He can be contacted at email:
sarbaini@[Link].

Nazaruddin is a lecturer at Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty Science

and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Indonesia. He Received
ST degree in industrial Engineering from Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Industri 2015 and the
MT degree From Universitas Trisakti 2019. His research interest include Total Quality
Manajement, Risk manajement, Production System. He can be contacted at email:
[Link]@[Link].

Comput Sci Inf Technol, Vol. 3, No. 3, November 2022: 194-202