PRESENTATION PLAN
INTRODUCTION
I. THE CAUSES OF DROPOUT OF GIRLS
II. THE ADVANTAGES OF INVESTING IN
GIRLS' EDUCATION
III. THE EDUCATION RATE OF YOUNG GIRLS IN
AFRICA
IV. THE ACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTIONS FOR THE
EDUCATION OF YOUNG GIRLS
CONCLUSION
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INTRODUCTION
The education of young girls is an issue that the world has been
facing for years. Although education contributes to the fulfillment
of the individual and to the development of nations, many girls in
sub-Saharan Africa remain excluded from the school system. To
improve their condition, we must understand the obstacles they
face.
Through our presentation, we will show the problems that remain
to be overcome for girls to have access to education and the
importance of schooling for young girls.
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I. THE CAUSES OF DROPOUT OF GIRLS
There are many causes at the root of the school exclusion of
girls. We have listed some of them here.
Gender inequality : thousands of girls are not enrolled in
primary school because families often give priority to the
education of boys. If nothing is done, gender parity in primary
education will not be achieved until 2038.
Lack of financial means : the reasons for girls dropping out of
school are often questions of money. Poor families are unable to
pay school fees.
Early marriages and pregnancies : forced marriages impact
girls' education as well as unwanted pregnancies. Very often,
this situation leads to the girl dropping out of school. This
scourge is present in developing countries which do not have a
solid system of sex education for girls and where incomes are
low.
Social discrimination: girls are most often discriminated
against because of the role that societies assign to them. In
many communities, social norms impose a division between girl
and boy, conferring on the girl the status of future housewife.
Women are most often assigned to domestic tasks, the
education of children, the upkeep of the home. With marriage,
the girl is called upon to leave her family for another, which
means that investing in her is often considered a loss, unlike
boys for whom access to education is synonymous with
economic investment. .
Violence at school: children are sometimes victims of violence
and sexual abuse. This violence constitutes an obstacle to the
schooling of children in Africa. Some teachers are perpetrators of
harassment of young girls, which is often overlooked. The girl
victims do not have the courage to denounce their oppressor
and prefer to drop out of school. For example in a UNICEF
study, 46% of young girls are victims of bullying in the
Democratic Republic of Congo .
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II. THE ADVANTAGES OF INVESTING IN
GIRLS' EDUCATION
Education contributes to the emancipation of the young girl and
allows her to escape early marriage. Today, an educated girl is a
leader for her generation. Education therefore not only
contributes to their personal development but also guarantees
their future.
Investing in girls' education generates economic and social
benefits. The girl's education helps increase her personal income
and reduces poverty in the community.
If girls in Africa are in school, the early marriage rate would drop
by 64% ( Girls' education | Basic education and gender equality |
UNICEF ). If the early marriage of girls is prohibited, the birth
rate will go down.
The school is a means to offer a chance of success to every
woman. Thanks to education, some women whom we will briefly
mention have marked history.
Michelle OBAMA , a renowned lawyer, was able to support and
accompany her husband to the presidency of the United States.
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Margaret MEAD , an American anthropologist, trained at
Columbia University, has contributed to cultural anthropology in
the United States and in the Western world.
Simone VEIL , magistrate and French stateswoman fought for
women's rights especially for the non-discrimination of women in
France. She was the first woman to accede to the French
parliament and was appointed Minister of Health in 1974.
Aïcha Bah DIALLO , champion of the fight for the education of
girls and women, contributed to the creation of the Forum for
African Women Educationalists (FAWE) in 1992.
Edna Adan ISMAIL , Somaliland's first nurse midwife and
courageous activist against the practice of female circumcision
contributed immensely to the transformation of her community by
establishing the first and only midwifery university in Somaliland.
Today, many young girls are educated, and thousands of
pregnant women are assisted.
III. THE EDUCATION RATE OF YOUNG GIRLS IN
AFRICA
Improvements in girl child education have been seen in Africa
. The global enrollment rate for girls has risen from 73% to 89%
since 1995. According to the World Bank, the enrollment rate for
girls in Africa has increased significantly since 2000. Especially in
primary school, the gross rate enrollment of girls in 1970 stood at
44.43%, this percentage reached 97% in 2013. Obviously, the
percentage of out-of-school children has decreased in most
African countries. But it is clear that it is always the poorest girls
who have the least chance of going to school. For example, in
Niger and Guinea, almost 70% of girls from the poorest
households are never
IV. THE ACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTIONS FOR THE
EDUCATION OF YOUNG GIRLS
Several international organizations such as UNICEF, UNESCO,
Plan International, CAMFED (Campaign for Female Education)
and many other international associations invest in the education
of women and sensitize families in rural areas of Africa. These
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institutions constitute a true partner in the defense of the rights of
the young girl because educating a girl contributes to the reduction
of poverty in the household. She will be able to work and support
her family.
For the young girl, education is a means of acquiring skills. Many
of them have dreams of becoming lawyers, magistrates, doctors
and even ministers, and only education is the key to this
achievement.
CONCLUSION
Girls' schooling is an essential element of their access to
economic autonomy and a major development issue. Through
education, they gain knowledge, which influences infant
mortality, for example, because once they are mothers, they will
have the right actions for their children.
Their schooling is progressing in the world, both in primary and
secondary, but strong gaps persist depending on the country.
