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Ecs226 - Test 2 - Answer Scheme - 29 July 2021

1) The document contains the answer scheme for a structural engineering exam with questions on structural analysis, design, and mechanics of materials. 2) Key results included the shear force and bending moment diagrams for a beam under different loading conditions. 3) Stresses, deflections, and angles of twist were calculated for beams, shafts, and columns. 4) Critical buckling loads and stresses were determined.

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Mohd Hasbul
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
286 views8 pages

Ecs226 - Test 2 - Answer Scheme - 29 July 2021

1) The document contains the answer scheme for a structural engineering exam with questions on structural analysis, design, and mechanics of materials. 2) Key results included the shear force and bending moment diagrams for a beam under different loading conditions. 3) Stresses, deflections, and angles of twist were calculated for beams, shafts, and columns. 4) Critical buckling loads and stresses were determined.

Uploaded by

Mohd Hasbul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q1(a) QUESTION 1 CO2 - C4
Q1(a) (15 marks) PO2

6 kN 5 kN

10 kN/m

A B C

2m 3m
Figure Q1(a)

FBD

+ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0

-MA + 10(2)(2/2) + 6(2) + 5(5)


MA = 57 kNm

∑F Y = 0, ↑ +ve
VA -10(2) – 6 – 5 = 0
VA = 31 kN

∑F X = 0, → +ve
𝐻𝐻𝐴𝐴 = 0
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q1(a) Section AB (0 ≤ x ≤ 2 ) CO2 - C4
PO2

∑F Y = 0, ↑ +ve
VA – 10x -Vx = 0
Vx = 31 – 10x
x=0 , V0 = 31 kN
x=2 , V2 = 31 – 10(2) = 11kN

∑Mx = 0
-57 + 31x – 10(x)(x/2) - Mx = 0
Mx = -57 + 31x – 5x2

x=0 , M0 = - 57 kNm
x=2 , M2 = - 15 kNm

∑F Y = 0, ↑ +ve
31 – 10(2) - 6 -Vx = 0
Vx = 5
x = 2 , V2 = 5kN
x = 5 , V5 = 5kN

+ MX = 0
-57 + 31x -10(2)(2/2 +x-2) -6(x-2) -Mx = 0
Mx = - 57 + 31x -20(x-1) -6(x-2)
x = 2 , M2 = - 15 kNm
x = 5 , M5 = 0 kNm
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q1(a) SFD and BMD CO2 - C4
PO2

Vmax = 31 kN at 0 m
Mmax = -57 kNm at 0 m

Q1(b) QUESTION 1(b) CO2- C3


(10 marks) PO2

70 mm

400 mm
2

70 mm
1

300 mm

y1=70/2=35 mm A1=300x70=21000 mm2


y2=400/2+70=270 mm A2=70x400=28000 mm2
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q1(b) CO2 - C3
∑ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 (21000𝑥𝑥35) + (28000𝑥𝑥270) PO2
𝑦𝑦 = = = 169.29𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
∑ 𝐴𝐴 (21000) + (28000)
= 0.16929𝑚𝑚

𝑏𝑏ℎ 3
𝐼𝐼𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 = 12
+ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 2

300(70)3 70(400)3
= 12 + (21000)(169.29 − 35)2 + +
12
(28000)(169.29 − 270)2
= 387.28𝑥𝑥106 + 657.32𝑥𝑥106
= 1.05𝑥𝑥10−3 𝑚𝑚 4

ymax=470-169.29 = 300.71 mm = 0.30071 m

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 150𝑥𝑥103 𝑥𝑥0.30071


𝜎𝜎𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = = = 42.96𝑥𝑥106 𝑁𝑁�𝑚𝑚 2
𝐼𝐼 1.05𝑥𝑥10−3

𝑄𝑄 = � 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 70𝑥𝑥300.71𝑥𝑥(300.71/2) = 3.16𝑥𝑥106 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 3


= 3.16𝑥𝑥10−3 𝑚𝑚 3

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
𝜏𝜏𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
τmax = (80x103)(3.16x10-3)/(1.05x10-3)(0.07)
τmax = 3.43 x 106 N/m2

Q2(a) QUESTION 2 CO2- C4


Q2(a) (10 marks) PO2

∑MA = 0
1(x) – Vc(6) = 0
Vc = x/6

∑Fy = 0
VA -1 + Vc = 0
VA = 1 – x/6
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q2(a) CO2 - C4
PO2

∑Fy = 0
VA -1 - Vx = 0
Vx = 1 - 1 – x/6
Vx = - x/6

∑Fy = 0
VA - Vx = 0
Vx = 1 – x/6
Vx = 1 - x/6

Segment AB Segment BC
x Vx = - x/6 x Vx = 1 - x/6
0 0 2 0.67
2 -0.33 6 0

0.67

B C
A
0.33

Shear force, VB

VB = ½(0.33 x 2)(10) + 0.67(15) + (-0.33x15)


= 1.8 kN
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q2(b) QUESTION 2 CO2 - C5
Q2(b) (15 marks) PO2

∑Mx = 0
20(3) -12(5)(5/2 + 3) – Vc(8) = 0
Vc = 33.75 kN

∑Fy = 0
VA – 20 – 12(5) + Vc = 0
VA = 80 – 33.75 = 46.25 kN

∑Mx = 0
46.25 (x) – 20(x-3) -12(x-3)(x-3)/2 – Mx = 0
Mx = 46.25 (x) – 20(x-3) - 6(x-3)2

EId2y/dx2 = Mx
EId2y/dx2 = 46.25 (x) - 20(x-3) -6(x-3)2
EIdy/dx = 46.25 (x)2/2 -20(x-3)2/2 -6(x-3)3/3 + C1 … (i)

EIy = 46.25 (x)3/6 - 20(x

a) xA = 0 , yA = 0
b) xC = 8 m , yC =0

subt (a) into (ii)


EI(0) = 0 + C2
C2 = 0

-3)3/6 - 6(x-3)4/12 + C1x + C2 .. (ii)

Boundary condition
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q2(b) subt (a) into (ii), x = 8 m CO2 - C5
EI(0) = 46.25 (8)3/6 -20(8-3)3/6 - 6(8-3)4/12 + C1(8) PO2

C1 = 402.188

Rewrite the equations


Slope equation
EIdy/dx = 46.25 (x)2/2 -20(x-3)2/2 -6(x-3)3/3 + 402.188

Deflection equation
EIy = 46.25 (x)3/6- 20(x-3)3/6 -6(x-3)4/12 + 402.188x

a) Deflection at point B, x = 3 m.
E = 210 x 106 kN/m2 and Moment of Inertia, I = 1.85 x 10-3
m4

EIy = - 46.25 (3)3/6 + 20(3-3)3/6 + 6(3-3)4/12 + 402.188(3)


y = 998.439 /(210x106 x 1.85x10-3)
y = 2.57 x 10-3 m

Q3(a) QUESTION 3 CO1 - C2


Q3(a) (10 marks) PO1
Given :
Diameter AB = 50 mm , RAB = 25 mm
Internal diameter BC = 25 mm , RBC2 = 12.5 mm
External diameter BC = 40 mm . RBC1 = 20 mm
Modulus of rigity,G = 84 GN/m2

i) The torques for the shaft AB, BC and CD

10 kNm

A B

C
-20 kNm

Torques :
TAB = -20 kNm
TBC = -10 kNm

The maximum shearing stress, τmax in shaft BC


Polar moment of Inertia, J
JAB = π(0.025)4/2 = 6.14 x 10-7 m4 =
JBC = π(0.02)4/2 - π(0.0125)4/2 = 2.13 x 10-7 m4
CONFIDENTIAL ANSWER SCHEME EC/TEST 2/ECS226

No. SOLUTION CO-PO Level Marks


Q3(a) τmax = TR/J = (10x103)(0.02)/( 2.13x10-7) CO1 - C2
= 9.39 x 108 N/m2 PO1

Angle of twist
∑ꝊAB = TL/JG = (-20x103)(1.5)/(6.14x10-7)(84x109)
= - 0.582 rad

Q3(b) QUESTION 3 CO1 - C3


Q3(b) (10 Marks) PO1

Given :
Length, L = 5 m
Effective Length, Le = 0.5(5) = 2.5 m

Moment of Inertia, I
I = BH3/12 – bh3/12
I = (200)(340)3/12 – (140)(280)3/12
I = 3.99 x 108 mm4 = 3.99 x 10-4 m2

Pcr = π2EI/ Le
Pcr = π2 (200x109)( 3.99 x 10-4)/(2.52)
Pcr = 1.26 x 108 N

Area, A = BH - bh
A = (200x340) – (140x280)
A = 28800 mm2
A = 28.8 x 10-3 m2

Euler’ buckling Stress


σcr = Pcr/A = 1.26 x 108 / 28.8 x 10-3
σcr = 4.38 x 109 N/m2

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