Grade 12: Entrepreneurship
Lesson 1: Recognize a Potential Market
Entrepreneurial Ideas
Creation of an entrepreneurial ideas leads to the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities,
which in turn results in the opening of an entrepreneurial venture. The entrepreneurial process of creating
a new venture is presented in the diagram below. (Aduana, 2017)
Essentials in Entrepreneur’s Opportunity Seeking
These are the basic foundation that the entrepreneur must have in seeking opportunities:
Entrepreneurial mind frame. This allows the entrepreneur to see things in a very positive and
optimistic way in the midst of difficult situation. Being a risk - taker, an entrepreneur can find
solution when problems arise.
Entrepreneurial heart flame. Entrepreneur's driven passion, they are attracted to discover
satisfaction in the act and process of discovery. Passion is the great desire of an entrepreneur to
achieve his/her goals.
Entrepreneurial gut game. This refers to the ability of the entrepreneur of being intuitive. This also
known as intuition. The gut game also means confidence in one’s self and the firm believes that
everything you aspire can be reached.
Sources of Opportunities
There are many ways to discover opportunities. Looking at the big picture some have noticed the
emerging trends and patterns for business opportunities. While others are trying to find out their
target market. Some are the following sources of opportunities:
1. Changes in the environment
Entrepreneurial ideas arise when changes happen in the external environment. A person with an
entrepreneurial drive views these changes positively.
External environment refers to the physical environment, societal environment, and industry environment
where the business operates.
1.1 The physical environment includes
a. Climate- the weather conditions.
b. Natural resources- such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature
and can be used for economic gain.
c. Wildlife- includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, etc., that live in the wild.
1.2 The Societal environment includes the various forces like
a. Political forces- includes all the laws, rules, and regulations that govern business practices
as well as the permits, approvals, and licenses necessary to operate the business.
b. Economic forces- such as income level and employment rate.
c. Sociocultural forces- customs, lifestyles and values that characterize a society.
d. Technological environment- New inventions and technology innovations.
1.3 The industry environment of the business includes:
a. Competitors
b. Customers
c. Creditors
d. Employees
e. Government
f. Suppliers
For example, one factor in the physical environment that can easily change is the climate. The temperature
is very high during summer but very low during the rainy season. An individual with entrepreneurial drive can
be extremely imaginative and inventive in identifying opportunities. He/she can venture a business that
responds to the needs of the people during summer and rainy season.
2. Technological discovery and advancement
A person with entrepreneurial interest sees possibility of business opportunities in any new
discovery or because of the use of latest technology.
For example, an individual with knowledge in repair and installation of a machine engine discovers
that additional engine parts that considerably reduce fuel consumption.
3. Government’s thrust, programs, and policies
The priorities, projects, programs, and policies of the government are also good sources of ideas.
For example, the use of firecrackers to celebrate New Year’s Eve is strictly prohibited. People without
entrepreneurial interest will view the ordinance as a plain restriction. However, for an entrepreneur, it is a
business opportunity to come up with a new product that will serve as a substitute for firecrackers.
4. People’s interest
The interest, hobbies, and preferences of people are rich source of entrepreneurial ideas. Like the
increasing number of Internet Café at present could be lead to the strong attachment of young people to
computers.
5. Past experiences
The expertise and skills developed by a person who has worked in a particular field may lead to the
opening of related business enterprise. For example, an accountant who has learned the appropriate
accounting and management skills and techniques in a prominent accounting firm can start his/her
business venture by opening his/her own accounting firm.
Forces of Competition Model
It is also known as the “five forces of competition,” An industry environment is a competitive
environment. Regardless of what product or services you have, competition is always present.
Competition – it is the act or process of trying to get or win something.
For example, the prices are lower when there is a competition among the stores.
These are the five forces competing within the industry:
• Buyers
• Potential new entrants
• Rivalry among existing firms
• Substitute products
• Supplier
1. Buyers
The buyers are the one that pays cash in exchange to your goods and services. For example, the
influenced of the price or in the bargaining strategy. The buyer has a strong and magnified bargaining
power. The threat of its bargaining power will be less if the following factors notice:
a. There are several suppliers available in the market.
b. The buyer has the potential for backward integration.
c. The cost of switching the supplier cost is minimal.
d. The product represents a high percentage of the buyer’s cost.
e. The buyer purchases large portions of the seller’s product or services.
2. Potential New Entrants
A new entrant is defined as the one who enters something. For example, the level of capital
requirements, if the business requires huge capital, new entrants should decline to join the business. This
gives a threat to the business. This can be notice if there is the presence of the following factors:
a. Substantial capital requirement.
b. Strict government policy.
c. Difficulty in accessing distribution channels.
d. Economies of scale.
e. High cost of product differentiation.
f. High switching cost
3. Rivalry among Existing Firms
Rivalry is a state or situation in which people or groups are competing with each other. For
example, it depends on the Marketing strategy of your competitor, like giving freebies and special offers.
The intensity of rivalry among existing firms is characterized to the following factors:
a. Diversity of rivals.
b. Number of competing firms.
c. Characteristics of the products or services.
d. Increased capacity.
e. Amount of fixed costs.
f. Rate of industry growth.
4. Substitute Products
Substitute means anything that takes the place or function of another. For example, the consumers
decide to use margarine as a substitute for butter. In case the price of butter increases, preferably the
consumer will gradually switch to margarine.
A substitute product can give a big threat in the industry environment if the following factors are notice:
a. Switching cost is low.
b. Preferences and tastes of the customers easily change.
c. Product differentiation is highly noticeable
d. The quality of substitute products dramatically improves.
e. The price of substitute product is substantially lower.
5. Suppliers
The Suppliers are the one that provide something that is needed or wanted. For example, if the
supply and services being offered is unstable or keep. The intensity of the threat is strong in this kind
of the competitive force in the industry. This can be notice if there is the presence of the following
factors:
a. The supplier has the ability for forward integration.
b. Suppliers in the industry are few, but the sales volume is high.
c. Substitute products are not readily available in the market
d. The switching cost is very high.
e. The product or service is unique.
Definition of Terms
Opportunity seeking - Process of considering, evaluating, and pursuing market based activities that are
accepted to be beneficial for the business.
Entrepreneurial process - can be defined as the steps taken in order to begin a new enterprise. It is a
step-by-step method; one has to follow to set up a business.
Entrepreneurial ideas - an innovative concept that can be used for financial gain that is usually
centered on a product or service that can be offered for money.
Essentials of entrepreneur’s opportunity seeking - These are the basic foundation that the
entrepreneur must have in seeking opportunities, such as entrepreneurial mind frame, heart flame and
gut game.
Sources of opportunity - can be attain by assessing and looking at changes in the environment;
technological discovery and advancement; government’s thrust, programs, and policies; people’s
interest, and past experiences.
External environment - refers to the physical environment, societal environment, and industry where
the business operates.
Government - refers to the local government (municipality, city, or provincial) or the national
government and its branches.
Competition – it is the act or process of trying to get or win something.
Substitute – anything that takes the place or function of another.
New entrants – the one who enters something.
Suppliers – are the one that provide something that is needed or wanted.
Buyers – are the one that pays cash in exchange to your goods and services.
Rivalry – is a state or situation in which people or groups are competing with each other.
