© 2022 IJNRD | Volume 7, Issue 2 February 2022 | ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.

ORG

A REVIEW: PARALYSIS IT’S TYPES,

CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND ANTIPARALYTIC
MEDICINES USED
1
Miss. Priyanka Yuvraj Padle, 2Mrs. Aishwarya P Pimple ,3Dr. Gajanan S Sanap
1
Student, 2Assistant Professor ,3Principal
1
Quality Assurance
1
Late Bhagirathi Yashwantrao Pathrikar College of Pharmacy (D and B Pharmacy), Pathri, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Abstract: Paralysis is a temporary or permanent loss of voluntary muscle movement. A nervous system problem causes
paralysis. Due to disturbance of waving between the nervous system and muscles. People can occurrence localized, generalized
partial or complete paralysis. Nearly all common causes of paralysis is Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), Head Injury, Peripheral
neuropathy, stroke and multiple sclerosis. Bell’s Palsy causes temporary facial paralysis. Not primarily, muscles themselves are
the cause, as this could also be due to a problem around somewhere along the chain of nerve cells that travel from the body part to
your brain and back again. In this review, gain an understanding more about the types of paralysis, their causes, symptoms,
complications, diagnosis and the most important 37 medicinal plant for their application and cure of sickness related to paralysis.
Out of the 37 plants documented, 11 plants have been reported for their ability to cure paralysis. Although, the information on the
recorded plants were mainly found to be deficient, requiring proper authentication with respect to their specificity, dosage, contra-
indication etc. It is belived that with huge intervention on analysis of bioactive compounds present in these plants used by ethic
traditional healers for paralysis.

Index term - Paralysis, Types, Causes and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Complications, Anti-Paralytic plants, 37 medicinal
plants, Review

INTRODUCTION
Paralysis occurs when you are unable to make voluntary muscle movements. Paralysis is a temporary or permanent loss
of voluntary muscle movement. A nervous system complication causes paralysis. The nervous system is your body’s command
and communication system. It sends signals from the brain throughout your body, telling it what to do.
Paralysis can affect any part of the body, it can be partial it means you can control some muscles, but not all and
complete means you have no control over any muscles. Paralysis can also be broken down into two types flaccid and spastic
based on the site of injury in the nervous system. The most common causes of paralysis are stroke, head injury, spinal cord Injury,
broken neck and multiple sclerosis [1].Another causes of paralysis include nerve disease such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, Bell’s
Palsy, Which affects muscles in the face and polio virus [2]. Localized and generalized are the patterns of muscle paralysis.
Localized paralysis affects a small section of the body, it most commonly affects the face (Bell’s Palsy), hands, feet or vocal
cords and Generalized paralysis affects a larger area of the body, such as the condition where one limb is paralyzed or where the
arm and leg on one side of the body are paralyzed.
Paralysis is mainly described in different types are namely monoplegia, Diplegia, Hemiplegia, Paraplegia and
Quadriplegia (Tetraplegia). Numbness or pain in the affected muscles, muscle atrophy and stiffness are the symptoms of paralysis
but the most common paralysis symptoms is the loss of muscle function in one or more parts of the body. Diagnosis and
complications are also described in this review. Paralysis can also causes a number of associated secondary conditions, such as
urinary incontinence an inability to control the flow of urine and bowel incontinence where stools leak from the back passage. In
cases of permanent paralysis, some complications that arise, such as pressure ulcers in this sores that develop when the affected
area of tissue is placed under too much pressure, bladder and bowel problems and treating spasms and complications resulting
from paralysis. It may also affect sexual functions in both men and women. Mobility aids such as wheelchairs and orthoses can
help a person with paralysis. In India, there are many medicinal plants used in treatment of paralysis. Anti-paralytic medicinal
plants used in paralysis.

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What is Paralysis?
Paralysis is the temporary or permanent loss of voluntary muscle function. Due to disruption of signaling between the
nervous system and muscles.

The nervous system have two Parts

The Central nervous System [CNS] The peripheral nervous system [PNS]

-Which includes the brain and spinal cord. -Which contains the nerves outside of the CNS

Nerve cells or neurons in the PNS serve several functions. Motor neurons for example to regulate muscle movement. Sensory
neurons send information about pain, temperature and pressure to the CNS. Paralysis occurs when nerve signals are interrupted as
a result of damage to the nerves, Spinal Cord or brain [3].

Permanent Paralysis :- When muscle control never comes back.

Temporary Paralysis :- When some or all muscle control returns.

Paralysis can affect any part of the body. It can be

1. Partial (Paresis) :- You can control some muscles, but not all.
2. Complete :- You have no control over any muscles

* The Peripheral nervous regulate numerous functions, including

1. Automatic functions, such as breathing & digestion.
2. Voluntary muscle movements, such as walking & chewing
3. Sensory functions, such as pain, temperature, and pressure detection

Paralysis can also be broken down into two types based on the site of injury in the nervous system.
1. Flaccid :- Your muscles get flabby and shrink
2. Spastic :- The muscles tighten, causing uncontrollable jerks and spams (Spasticity)
There are patterns of muscle paralysis
1. Localized Paralysis :- It affects a small section of the body, it most commonly affects the face
(Bell’s Palsy), hands, feet or vocal cords.
2. Generalized Paralysis :- It affects a larger area of the body, such as the condition where
one limb is paralyzed or where the arm and leg on one side of the body are paralyzed.

Bell’s Palsy involves a weakness or temporary facial paralysis on one side of the face. Neurosarcoidosis is type of sarcoidosis.
It causes inflammation in the brain, spinal cord or nerves which causes paralysis. Weakness in the muscles on one side of the face
is a symptom of facial paralysis. [4]
Stroke
If a person suspects that someone is having a stroke, they should do so FAST check. [5]

FAST

F for the face. Ask the person to smile and check if one side of the face is tilted
A for Arms. Ask the person to raise both hands and watch one hand flow
Words below
S for speech. Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence and listen to them
Speech is unusual so sentences are not clear
T for time. If you notice any of these signs, dial the 911 emergency number immediately

Types of paralysis include[6] [table 1]

1.Monoplegia Patient can’t move one limb only, such as one arm or one leg.
Paralysis occurs on the same area on both sides of the body. For example, Paralysis affects both
2.Diplegia
arms, both legs or both sides of the face.
3.Hemiplegia Paralysis affects one side of the body can arm and a leg on the same side.
4.Paraplegia It influences both legs and sometimes parts of the torso.
5.Quadriplegia The damage could be on both arms and both legs and sometimes the entire area from the neck
(Tetraplegia) down.

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[Figure 1] Types of Paralysis

The most common causes of Paralysis

1. Spinal Cord Injury [SCI]
2. Head Injury
3. Peripheral neuropathy
4. Stroke
5. ALS [Lou Gehrig’s disease]
6. Multiple Sclerosis
7. Gullain - Barre Syndrom
8. Cerebral Palsy
9. Toxins / Poisons
10. Brain or Spinal Cord Tumor
11. Inherited disorders, including spinal muscular atrophy and hypo-or hyperkalemic partial paralysis [3]

Symptoms for paralysis

1. Numbness or pain in the affected muscles
2. Muscle weakness
3. Confusion
4. Stiffness
5. Involuntary spasms or twitches
6. Muscle cramps
7. Visible signs of muscle loss (muscle atrophy)
8. Difficulty in talking or understanding
9. Difficulty in walking
10. Feeling Dizzy
11. Loss of balance and co-ordination
12. A severe headache

Diagnosis and Tests

1. X-ray shows broken bones that could nerve injury
2. Imaging tests, such as CT Scan or MRI, check for signs of stroke or brain injury or spinal cord injury. A whole body
imaging scan shows bones, muscles and tissues
3. Myelogram checks for spinal cord and nerve injuries.
4. Electromyogram (EMG) tests the electrical activity of nerves and muscles.
5. Spinal tap (lumbar Puncture) tests spinal fluid for infection, inflammations and disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS).

What are the complications of Paralysis ?

Paralysis can affect other bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate, The condition can also include other body
systems in the affected area. Depends on The type of paralysis, you may be at risk:-
1. Difficulty breathing, coughing and risk for pneumonia
2. Blood clot and deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
3. Speech or swallowing problems (Dysphagia)
4. Depression and anxiety

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5. Erectile dysfunction and sexual problems
6. Excessively high blood pressure [autonomic dysreflexia] or low blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension) and heart
problems.
7. Urinary incontinence and loss of bowel control.
8. Pressure injuries (bedsores) and sepsis. [7]

To treat Paralysis Anti-Paralytic medicinal plants are used

Alternative medicines used in paralysis
Worldwide, tradition medicines in the form of crude herbal extracts of single plant or combination of plants, with or without
additional minerals have been used in reducing and curing diseases related to nervous system some of which includes[Table 2]

Anti-Paralytic medicinal plants used in paralysis [8-18] [Table 2]

1.Calotropis Procera 12.Cassytha filiformis 23.Lygodium flexuosum
2.Satureja thymbra 13.Oxyceros horrid 24.Cassia occidentatis
3.Coridothymus capitatus 14.Citrus aur-antifolia 25.Datura metel
4.Thunbergia laurifolia 15.Citrus medica 26.Phyllanthus reiculatus
5.Annona reticulate 16.Cissus hastate 27.Glycosmis arborea
6.Annona squamosa 17.Cissus repens 28.Aerva persica
7.Plumeria rubra 18.Aloe vera 29.C. Procera
8.Crateva magna 19.Ricinus Communis 30.Hyocyamus niger
9.Crateva religiosa 20.Tamarindus Indica 31.Cymbidium aloifolium
10.Argyreia osyrensis 21.Alocasia macrorrhizos 32.Gardenia ternifolia
11.Suregada multiflora 22.Murraya koenigii 33.Mikania hirsutissima

In India, many plants and plant’s products are trade in market that claims for ability to treat paralysis, some of them are
punarnava powder-containing Hogwed or Boerhavia diffusa, Ashwagandha powder-containing withania somnifera. [19,20] In
homeopathic approach, Rhus toxicodendron is used in treating paralysis of the lower extremities, treatment of all forms of
paralysis which are of a rheumatic origin or brought on by getting wet or exposure to dampness in any form and in treatment of
paralysis due to nervous fevers and typhus. Aconite napellus is considered as the sovereign remedy for almost every species of
paralysis in homeopathy. Aconite napellus is found in Himalaya. [21] Gelsemium sempervirens (Gels) is another plant used in
homeopathic for treatment of paralysis.[22]
The poly herbal drug majoon-e-azaraqi is formar herbal unani compound formulation that is therapeutically used in nerve
strengthening, hemiplegia, facial paralysis, tremor, trembling, rheumatism, epilepsy and neurasthenia.

Majoon-e-Azaraqi is constituted of 15 ingredients

1. Lavandula Stoechas
2. Cocos nucifera
3. Eletarria cardamomum
4. Pastinaca secacul
5. Emblica officinalis
6. Aquilaria agallocha
7. Strychnos nuxvomica
8. Borago officinalis
9. Cochlospermum religiosum
10. Pinus Gerardiana
11. Curcuma zeodaria
12. Santalum ablum
13. Terminalia chebula
14. Syzygium aromaticum
15. Sugar[23]
In addition, Agaricus muscarius, Cocculus indicus is used in homeopathic remedies. Solanum dulcamara and Atropa
belladonna, which are all toxic sources, in Treatment of various paralytic manifestations. [24] Use of Acanthus ilicifolius, Cedrus
Deodara and Rubia cordifolia are also reported in paralysis. [25,26] In addition to these well-known reports from various alternative
forms Medicines for their paralytic use, the current review emphasizes the various ethno botanical confirmations of medicinal
plants reported for their use. Treatment of paralysis related diseases in different parts of India. Detailed content search using
pubmed, medline, sopus and Google Conducted other to remove articles related to ethno botanical surveys in various Parts of
India.

Anti-paralytic plants from ethno botanical surveys in India

Extensive literature survey on the use of medicinal plants for paralysis in India has shown that relatively little has been
documented about medicinal plants and less laboratory validation and analysis has been done regarding the application of
paralysis. Out of a total of 29 states and 7 union territories in India, researchers have so far reported the use of medicinal plants
for paralysis in only 16 states

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[Table 3]States in which Medicinal plants for Anti-paralytic use are available
1.Tamil Nadu 9.Uttarakhand
2.Andhra Pradesh 10.Manipur
3.Jammu & Kashmir 11.Karnataka
4.Rajasthan 16 States Namely 12.Assam
5.Chhattisgarh 13.Maharashtra
6.Odisha 14.West Bengal
7.Uttar Pradesh 15.Telangana
8.Himachal Pradesh 16.Madhya Pradesh

[Table 4] From there a total of 37 plants in 25 plant families have been reported for their application and treatment of paralysis
associated diseases.[27-55] Of these families, Asteraceae is one of the most represented plant, followed by Fabaceae and
Mimosaceae

[Table 4] Medicinal plants for Anti-Paralytic use

Common name/
Sr.
Scientific name Vernacular Family Part use Common use
No.
name

Paste of seeds applied externally to

Abrus treat stiffness of shoulder joint and
1. Rosary Pea Fabaceae Seed
Precatorius linn paralysis in Thanjavur district, Tamil
Nadu, India.

Bark is used in paralysis by the tribal

Acacia mangium Hickory communities of Salugu panchayati of
2. Mimosaceae Bark
willd Wattle Paderu Mandalam, Visakhapatnam,
Andhra Pradesh, India.

Fruit and root powder is mixed with

water and given for treatment paralysis
Actaea spicata Banparthi Fruit
3. Ranunculaceae in cattle in some rural areas of
Linn (H) and root
Bandipora district of Jammu and
Kashmir, India.
Adenanthera
4. Bead Tree Mimosaceae Seed Used for the treatment of paralysis
Pavonina Linn
Allium Sativum Bulbs are used in paralysis in
5. Garlic Lilliceae Bulb
Linn Shekhawati region, Rajasthan, India.

The paste of the whole plants mixed

Root
with mustard oil is also used as remedy
Anacyclus Spanish and
6. Asteraceae for paralysis. Roots are used in paralysis
pyrethrum Linn chamomile whole
by Malayali tribals in kolli hills of
plant
Eastern ghats, Tamil Nadu, India.

The roots are used by boiling the

ground in paralysis mustard oil, and
Anthocephalus Common
7. Rubiaceae Root massage the affected area twice a day
indicus Rich Bur-Flower
for one month by Kamar tribes of
Chhattisgarh, India.

The root juice is mixed with ghee

Asparagus throughout the year and massaged all
8. Satavari Liliaceae Root
racemosus willd over the body to cure paralysis in
Kalahandi district of Odisha, India.
Atalantia Indian Essential oil from leaves is used in
9. Rutaceae Leaf
monophylla Linn Atalantia paralysis.
Bark is molded and fried in Dissenia
pertagyna oil & then massaged on
Bombax ceiba
10. Cotton Tree Bombacaceae Bark affected part to cure paralysis by Rawat
Linn
and Sahariya tribes of Jhansi district,
Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Oil extracted from dry seeds is
Cannabis sativa applied to cure paralysis by tribal
11. Hemp Cannabinaceae Seed
Linn communities of Chhota Bhangal,
Western Himalaya, India.
Leaves are used in facial paralysis in
Cassia fistula Golden
12. Caesalpinaceae Leaf Bageshwar valley (Kumaun Himalaya)
Linn shower Tree
of Uttarakhand, India

Celastrus Black oil

13. Celastraceae Seed Seeds are used in paralysis
paniculata willd plant

Seed paste is applied externally to

Centipeda Spreading get relief from arthralgia and paralysis
14. Asteraceae Seed
minima Linn Sneeze weed by Theoraon tribe of Jashpur District,
India.

Roots are used in paralysis by

boiling the grinded root with mustard
Cissampelos
15. Velvet Leaf Menispermaceae Root oil, and massaged on affected part twice
pareira Linn
a day for one month, by Birhor tribes of
Chhattisgarh, India.

One tablespoon of stem paste is

Cissus taken orally for 20-30 days treatment of
16. Veldt Grape Vitaceae Stem
quadrangularis Linn paralysis in Godavari district of Andhra
Pradesh, India.
Cryptolepis
Wax leaved Decoction of the stem is used as an
17. buchanani Roem & Asclepiadaceae Stem
climber adjunct in paralysis.
schult.

Mix 2 g root powder with 2g dried

Cymbidium Aloe-leafed ginger and 1 g black pepper, half a
18. Orchidaceae Root
aloifolium Linn cymbidium teaspoon twice a day with a cup of milk.
Two months a day to reduce paralysis.

Gond, Halba and Maria tribes of

Entada Giant’s Abujmarh area in Madhya pradesh use
19. Mimosaceae Seed
pursaetha DC. Rattle the paste of the seeds for curing
paralysis.
Infusions of leaves are taken orally
Gendarussa Willow-
20. Acanthaceae Leaf in cephalalgia, hemiplegia and facial
Vulgaris nees leaved Justicia
paralysis.

Bark powder is used for paralysis in

Bageshwar valley (Kumaun Himalaya)
Ficus religiosa Uttarakhand, India. Root / Stem bark
21. Sacred Fig Moraceae Bark
Linn extract mixed take 2 teaspoons with
buttermilk twice a day for 30 days for
paralysis.

Whole Plant extract is used

Jasminum Royal Whol
22. Oleaceae externally to treat facial paralysis in
grandiflorum Linn Jasmine e Plant
Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India.

It is used for curing paralysis in

Bodamalai hills eastern ghats, Namakkal
Jatropha curcas Barbadas district, Tamil Nadu. Latex is applied
23. Euphorbiaceae Leaf
Linn Nut externally in paralysis in sirumalai hills
of eastern ghats, Dindigul district, Tamil
Nadu, India.

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It is used to cure paralysis in
Bodamalai hills eastern ghats, Namakkal
Jatropha Bellyache
24. Euphorbiaceae Fruit district, Tamil Nadu, and in
Gossypifolia Linn Bush
Pudhukkottai district, Tamil Nadu,
India.
Marsilea Minuta Dwarf Water Whol Whole plant is used in paralysis by
25. Marsileaceae
Linn clover e plant the tribes in the hills of Manipur, India.

Rawat and Sahariya tribes of Jhansi

district, Uttar Pradesh boil about 500g of
Melia azedarach
26. White cedar Meliaceae Leaf the leaves in 5-6 L of water till the color
Linn
change. Then the patient is bath in this
water for 8-10 days to cure paralysis.

Leaves of M. arvensis and seeds of

Trachyspermum ammi are taken in
equal proportions along with rock salt,
Mentha arvensis
27. Peppermint Lamiaceae Leaf and this are taken with coffee, three to
Linn
four times a day in paralysis by local
communities in some villages of
Shimoga district, Karnataka, India.

Roots are used in paralysis by tribes

Mucuna
28. Velvet Bean Fabaceae Root of district Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh,
Pruriens Linn
India.
Leaf juice is used for paralysis by
Naravelia Vatanasini applying externally by the Malayali
29. Ranunculaceae Leaf
Zeylanica (Linn) DC (H) tribals in kolli hills of eastern Ghats,
Tamil Nadu, India
Leaves are used for paralysis by the
Ocimum
30. Clove Basil Lamiaceae Leaf local fringe communities of Chirang
Gratissimum Linn
Reserve Forest, Assam, India.
Paederia foetida Leaves are used in paralysis by tribes
31. Stinkvine Rubiaceae Leaf
Linn in the hills of Manipur, India.

Leaves are used in paralysis by

tribals of Khammam district, Telangana
State, India. Extracts of bark boiled with
Pongamia Leaf
32. Indian Beech Fabaceae sesame oil is massaged on skin to cure
Pinnata (Linn) merr and Stem
paralyzed organ [leg/ hand] by the Ethic
people of Kalahandi district, Odisha,
India

Schefflera
Leaves are used in paralysis by the
33. Venulosa (wight & Dain (H) Aroliaceae Leaf
tribes in the hills of Manipur, India.
arn) Harms

Sida Cordata Leaf’s juice mixed with goat’s milk

Country
34. (Burm. F.) Borss Malvaceae Leaf is used for curing paralysis in
mallow
waalk Nallamala, Andhra Pradesh, India.

The Birhor tribes and Kamar tribes

Spilanthes Toothache of Chhattisgarh mix stem powder with
35. Asteraceae Stem
acmella Linn plant oil of Madhuca indica and massaged
twice a day for 20 days to cure paralysis.

Root
Spilanthes
and Used for paralysis of tongue in Beed
36. paniculata Wall. ex Spot flower Asteraceae
Flower district of Maharashtra, India.
DC
head

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The whole herb is crushed and the

Urtica Dioica Common Whol extract as well as the paste is used to
37. Urticaceae
Linn Nettle e plant cure paralyzed limbs in district
Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

The number of plants in the family Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Rubiaceae and Ranunculusae is low for their use in
this regard. Members of plants belonging to Acanthaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Araliaceae, Bombacacea, Caesalpinaceae,
Cannabinaceae, Celastraceae, Marsiliaceae, Meliaceae, Malvaceae, Menispermaceae, Moraceae, Oleaceae, Orchidaceae,
Rutaceae, Vitaceae and Urticaceae represented the least for their used in paralysis.

Chart 1. Distribution of anti-paralytic plants in different plant

families

Acanthaceae
Araliaceae
3% 3% Asclepiadaceae
3% 3%
3% 3% Asteraceae
Bombacacea
5%
Cannabinaceae
11% Caelastraceae
5% Celastraceae
Euphorbiaceae
3% Fabaceae
3%
Lemiaceae
3%
Liliaceae
3%
Malvaceae
3%
3% Marsiliaceae

3% Meliaceae
3% Mimosaceae
Menispemaceae

8% 5% Moraceae
Oleaceae
Orchidaceae
3% 8% Ranunculaceae
3% Rubiaceae
3% 5%
5% Rutaceae
Vitaceae
Urticaceae

[Chart 1] Distribution of anti-paralytic plants in different plant families

Nine different plant parts were found to be used for various treatments of the disease. In most cases the leaves are used. This is
followed by roots, seeds, whole plants, stalks, bark, fruits, flower heads and bulbs, respectively [Chart 1] [56]

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14

12

10

0
Leafe Root Whole Plant Bark Seed Stem Fruit Flower head Bulb

[Chart 2] Graph of Comparative study of mostly used part of plant in paralysis

The use of different parts of the plant for paralysis, the use of leaves was more prevalent, followed by roots and seeds. Flower
heads and bulbs showed the lowest application in terms of numbers. Of the 37 plants reported, 11 plants showed the ability to
cure paralysis. [Table 4]

[Table 5] Plants documented for their ability to cure paralysis.

Sr. No. Botanical Name/ Scientific name Types of Paralysis cured

8. Asparagus racemosus wild Not Specified
10. Bombax ceiba Linn Not Specified
11. Cannabis Sativa Linn Not Specified
19. Entada Pursaetha DC. Not Specified
23. Jatropha curcas Linn Not Specified
24. Jatropha gossypifolia Linn. Not Specified
26. Melia azedarach Linn Not Specified
32. Pongamia Pinnata (Linn) Merr Paralysis of organ (leg/ hand)
34. Sida cordata (Burm. F.) Borss. Waalk Not Specified
35. Spilanthes acmella Linn Not Specified
37. Urica dioica Linn Paralysis of Limbs

However, in most ethno botanical studies, insufficient information, including the use of plants, methods of use, methods of
preparation, dosage, duration, specificity, efficacy, and contra-indications, is not mentioned and documented.
Additional types of paralysis (Localized or Generalized paralysis, monoplegia, hemiplegia, paraplegia or tetraplegia) for that
the plant is used. Only 6 plants are indicated.

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[Table 6] List of Plants for which the types of paralysis treated is mentioned

Sr.
Botanical name/ Scientific name Types of paralysis treated
No.
12. Cassia fistula Linn Leaves are used in facial paralysis.

Leaves are used in cephalalgia,

20. Gendarussa vulgaris Nees
hemiplegia and facial paralysis.
Whole plant extract is used to treat
22. Jasminum grandiflorum Linn
facial paralysis
32. Pongamia Pinnata (Linn) merr. Bark is used in paralysis of leg/ hand.
Root and flower head is used in
36. Spilanthes paniculata wall ex DC
paralysis of tongue
Whole plants is used in paralysis of
37. Urtica dioica Linn
limbs.

The remaining 26 plants are reported to be used in paralysis without giving any details about their healing ability, as well as
the types of paralysis for which they are used for. There is no doubt about it As useful, ethno botanical survey data and traditional
knowledge. Medicinal plants are one of the irresistible pools of knowledge which is stored unplanned information. Aims to find
lead compounds important for the treatment of diseases and complications associated with neurological disorders, paralysis,
indeed, can be achieved in the future.

Present day status of drugs used in paralysis

The current major treatment for SCI (Spinal Cord Injury) is using high doses methylprednisolone (MP), which reduces
inflammation in the spinal cord. [57] Many recent studies have also reported intravenous minocycline reduces cell death and
improves hindlimb function in mice and the rat model of SCI [58,59,60] and is expected to make progress in clinical trials for SCI
.[61] Many people with spinal cord injuries to the cord, and some other forms of paralysis, are chronic pain that lasts for weeks,
months or sometimes years later, Injury or incident that caused paralysis. Different from most other types pain, neuropathic pain
usually does not respond well to normal painkillers, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen. The general features and symptoms of
achondroplasia and emphasize that methylprednisolone administration is successful with rehabilitation for spinal stenosis with
acute muscle paralysis in such patients, if surgery is unavailable. [62] Amitriptyline or pregabalin are alternative medication are
used. These type of medications have some side effects like dry mouth, sweating, drowsiness and vision problems. There are also
reports of people thinking of committing suicide while taking amitriptyline. [63]
Thus, urgent need for the development of highly effective and safe neuroprotective treatments for humans
. Although rehabilitation does not completely cure paralysis, it can help prevent symptoms from getting worse.

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Nerve
Transfer
surgery
Surgical Medicatio
amputation n

Physical Wheel
therapy Chairs

Treatment

Occupationa Walker
l therapy s

Medicinal
Mobility Plants
used to
devices treat
Paralysis
Braces

[Figure 2] Available treatments for paralysis:[64]

Summary
Paralysis is a temporary or permanent loss of voluntary muscles movement in a body or body parts. Many paralyzed
people do not get full movement or sensation back in the affected area. Mostly common causes of paralysis are Spinal Cord Injury
(SCI), Stroke, Peripheral neuropathy, ALS (Lou Gehrig’s disease) and multiple sclerosis. another causes of paralysis include
nerve disease such as Guillain –Barre syndrome, Bell’s palsy, which affect muscles in the face and polio virus.
Paralysis is mainly described in different forms, namely, monoplegia, diplegia, hemiplegia, paraplegia and
quadriplegia (tetraplegia). Muscle weakness, numbness, stiffness, loss of balance and co-ordinations or confusion is also
explained in this review. To treat paralysis Anti-Paralytic medicinal plants are used and in this review the 37 medicinal plants in
which their roots, stem, flowers, bark and seeds are used to treat the paralysis. Paralysis is a life-changing condition. However,
physical therapy, mobility tools, Social and emotional support can help improve the quality of life.

Conclusion
Paralysis can change the person whole life. The search for paralysis is one of the biggest challenges in medical research.
Disabilities can range from minor, occasional weakness to permanent muscle damage, inability to perform normal jobs and the
use of a power chair, with most people performing fairly well due to medication and lifestyle. The biggest challenge for people
with paralysis is developing tools to restore movement and sensation and relieve pain. Currently, in addition to the discovery of
drugs that help restore paralyzed nerves, various other interventions with the same goal are in the spotlight. Various researchers
are working hard to use electrical stimulation as well as optical and magnetic techniques to activate neural tissue below the level
of injury. Surgical intervention is not able to provide complete or complete recovery of injured nerves and in many cases is not
very effective for normal applications. The unavailability of simple protocols has further complicated the testing and evaluation of
experiments, which would also have contributed to the slow pace of progress in this area of research.
For example, there is no simple invitro test to date to test the potential use of any compounds or drugs against any types
of paralysis, as so far in the reports available, complex procedures involving rats or mice have been adopted for research related to
paralysis. One approach is to use cultured neuronal cell lines, in which model animals can be directly tested and experimented
without, if such techniques are developed, it will help to facilitate and accelerate research to understand the effects of various
compounds to reduce or cure paralysis in the future. Paralysis is a life-changing condition. Even temporary paralysis can affect
your ability to do the things you love when paralysis occurs suddenly, adapting to major changes in your lifestyle can be
challenging. Many people with paralysis enjoy an active life with mobility equipment and the support of loved ones. Emotional
and social support can also play an important role in a person’s treatment.

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