QUADRATIC EQUATION 1

EXERCISE - 4 : PREVIOUS YEAR JEE ADVANCED QUESTIONS

Objective Questions I [Only one correct option]
Þ x = 5 éëQ x = 2 makes log x - 3 undefined ùû .
1. For the equation 3x2 + px + 3 = 0, p > 0, if one of the root is Hence, one solution exists.
square of the other, then p is equal to (2000)
3. The set of all real numbers x for which
(a) 1/3 (b) 1
x2 – |x + 2| + x > 0 is (2002)
(c) 3 (d) 2/3
Ans. (c) (a) (–¥, –2) È (2, ¥) (b) - ¥ , - 2 È 2, ¥

Sol. Let a, a2 be the roots of 3x 2 + px + 3 = 0

(c) (–¥, –1) È (1, ¥) (d) 2, ¥

2 -p Ans. (b)
Now, S = a + a =
3
Sol. Given, x 2 - x + 2 + x > 0 ...(i)
3 2
P = a = 1Þ a = 1, w, w
Case I When x + 2 ³ 0
-p
Now, a + a 2 = \ x2 - x - 2 + x > 0 Þ x2 - 2 > 0
3
Þ x < - 2 or x > 2
-p
Þ w +w2 =
3
Þ x Î é -2, - 2 U 2, ¥ ...(ii)
ë
-p Case II When x + 2 < 0
Þ -1 = Þ p=3
3
\x2 + x + 2 + x > 0
2. The number of solutions of log4 (x–1) = log2 (x – 3) is
(2001) Þ x2 + 2x + 2 > 0
(a) 3 (b) 1
2
(c) 2 (d) 0 Þ x + 1 +1 > 0
Ans. (b) Which is true for all x.

Sol. Given , log 4 x - 1 = log 2 x - 3 = log 4 1/ 2 x - 3 \ x < -2 or x Î -¥, -2 ...(iii )

Þ log4 x -1 = 2log4 x - 3 From eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get

2
x Î -¥, - 2 U 2, ¥ .
Þ log 4 x - 1 = log 4 x - 3
4. For all ‘x’, x2 + 2ax + (10 – 3a) > 0, then the interval in which
2
Þ x-3 = x -1 ‘a’ lies is (2004)
(a) a < –5 (b) –5 < a < 2
Þ x2 + 9 - 6x = x - 1
(c) a > 5 (d) 2 < a < 5
2
Þ x - 7 x + 10 = 0 Ans. (b)

Þ x- 2 x-5 = 0 Sol. As we know, ax 2 + bx + c > 0 for all x Î R, iff

Þ x = 2, or x = 5 a > 0 and D < 0.

 2 QUADRATIC EQUATION

Given equation is x 2 + 2ax + 10 - 3a > 0, "x Î R a 2 + b2 + c 2

Þ 3l - 2 £ ...(i)
Now, D < 0
ab + bc + ca

Þ 4a 2 - 4 10 - 3a < 0 b2 + c2 - a2
Also, cos A = < 1Þ b 2 + c 2 - a 2 < 2bc
2bc
Þ 4 a 2 + 3a - 10 < 0
Similarly, c 2 + a 2 - b 2 < 2ac
Þ a+5 a-2 < 0
and a 2 + b 2 + c 2 < 2 ab + bc + ca
Þ a Î -5, 2 .
Þ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 < 2 ab + bc + ca
5. If one root is square of the other root of the equation
x2 + px + q = 0, then the relation between p and q is
a 2 + b2 + c2
(2004) Þ <2 ...(ii)
ab + bc + ca
(a) p3 – (3p – 1) q + q2 = 0 (b) p3 – q (3p + 1) + q2 = 0
From Eqs,. (i) and (ii), we get
(c) p3 + q (3p – 1) + q2 = 0 (d) p3 + q (3p + 1) + q2 = 0
Ans. (a) 4
3l - 2 < 2 Þ l < .
3
Sol. Let the roots of x 2 + px + q = 0 be a and a2
7. Let a, b be the roots of the equation x2 – px + r = 0 and
a/2, 2b be the roots of the equation x2 – qx + r = 0. Then the
Þ a + a 2 = - p and a3 = q
value of r is (2007)
Þ a a +1 = - p (a) 2/9 (p – q) (2q – p) (b) 2/9 (q – p) (2p – q)
(c) 2/9 (q – 2p) (2q – p) (d) 2/9 (2p – q) (2q – p)
Þ a3 a 3 + 1 + 3a a + 1 = - p 3 [cubing both side] Ans. (d)

Þ q q + 1 - 3 p = - p3 Sol. The equation x 2 - px + r = 0 has roots a , b and the

a
Þ p 3 - 3q - 1 q + q 2 = 0 . equation x 2 - qx + r = 0 has roots , 2b
2
6. If a, b, c are the sides of a triangle ABC such that
x2 – 2 (a + b + c) x + 3l (ab + bc + ca) = 0 has real roots, then a
Þ r = ab and a + b = p , and + 2b = q
2
(2006)

4 5 2q - p 2 2p-q
(a) l < (b) l > Þb = and a =
3 3 3 3

æ4 5ö 1 5 2
(c) l Î ç , ÷ (d) l Î æç , ö÷ Þ ab = r = 2q - p 2 p - q .
è3 3ø è3 3ø 9

Ans. (a) 8. Let p and q be the real numbers such that p ¹ 0, p3 ¹ q and
p3 ¹ – q. If a and b are non-zero complex numbers satisfying
Sol. Since, roots are real, therefore D ³ 0
a + b = – p and a3 + b3 = q, then a quadratic equation
2
Þ 4 a+b+c - 12l ab + bc + ca ³ 0 a b
having and as its roots is (2010)
b a
2
Þ a+b+c ³ 3l ab + bc + ca
(a) (p3 + q) x2 – (p3 + 2q) x + (p3 + q) = 0
Þ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ³ ab + bc + ca 3l - 2 (b) (p3 + q) x2 – (p3 – 2q) x + (p3 + q) = 0
(c) (p3 – q) x2 – (5p3 – 2q) x + (p3 – q) = 0
 QUADRATIC EQUATION 3
(d) (p3 – q) x2 – (5p3 + 2q) x + (p3 – q) = 0
é and b is root of x 2 - 6 x - 2 = 0 Þ b 2 - 2 = 6 b ù
Ans. (b) ë û

a2 + b2 a 8 6a - b 8 6b 6 a9 - b9
Sol. Sum of roots and product = 1 = = =3.
ab
2 a9 - b9 2 a9 - b 9
Given, a + b = - p and a 3 + b 3 = q
10. A value of b for which the equations x2 + bx – 1 = 0,
x2 + x + b = 0 have one root in common is (2011)
Þ a +b a 2 - ab + b 2 = q
(a) - 2 (b) -i 3
-q
\ a 2 + b 2 - ab = ...(i) (c) i 5 (d)
p 2
Ans. (b)
2
and a + b = p2
Sol. If a1 x 2 + b1 x + c1 = 0 and a2 x 2 + b2 x + c2 = 0
Þ a 2 + b 2 + 2ab = p2 ...(ii) have a common real root, then
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 2
Þ a1c2 - a2 c1 = b1c2 - b2 c1 a1b2 - a2 b 1
3 3
p - 2q p +q
a2 + b2 = and ab =
3p 3p x 2 + bx - 1 = 0 ïü
\ ý have a common root
x 2 + x + b = 0 ïþ

2
p3 - 2q x
\ Required equation is x - +1 = 0 2
p3 + q Þ 1+ b = b2 + 1 1 - b
Þ b 2 + 2b + 1 = b2 - b3 + 1 - b
Þ p 3 + q x 2 - p 3 - 2q x + p 3 + q = 0
Þ b3 + 3b = 0
9. Let a and b be the roots of x2 – 6x – 2 = 0, with a > b. If
\ b b 2 + 3 = 0 Þ b = 0, ± 3i
a10 - 2a 8
an = an – bn for n ³ 1, then the value of 2a 9 is 11. The quadratic equation p(x) = 0 with real coefficients has
purely imaginary roots.
(2011)
Then the equation
(a) 1 (b) 2
p(p(x)) = 0
(c) 3 (d) 4
has (2014)
Ans. (c)
(a) only purely imaginary roots

a 10 - b 10 - 2 a 8 - b 8 (b) all real roots

a10 - 2a8
Sol. = (c) two real and two purely imaginary roots
2a9 2 a9 - b9
(d) neither real nor purely imaginary roots
Ans. (d)
a8 a 2 - 2 - b 8 b 2 - 2
= Sol. If quadratic equation has purely imaginary roots, then
2 a9 - b9 coefficient of x must be equal to zero.

Let p x = ax 2 + b with a, b of same sign and a, b Î R .

Q a is root of x 2 - 6 x - 2 = 0
2 2
Þ a 2 - 2 = 6a Then, p éë p x ùû = a ax + b + b
 4 QUADRATIC EQUATION
p(x) has imaginary roots say ix. x2 – 20x + 2020 = 0 has two roots c, d Î complex
2 ac (a – c) + ad (a – d) + bc (b – c) + bd (b – d)
then, also ax 2 + b Î R and ax 2 + b >0
= a 2 c - ac 2 + a 2 d - ad 2 + b 2 c - bc 2 + b 2 d - bd 2
2
a ax 2 + b + b ¹ 0, "x = a 2 (c + d ) + b 2 (c + d ) - c2 (a + b) - d 2 (a + b)

Thus, p éë p x ùû ¹ 0, "x = (c + d ) (a 2 + b 2 ) - (a + b) (c2 + d 2 )

12. Let -
p p
<q<- . Suppose a1 and b1 are the roots of the = (c + d ) ((a + b) 2 - 2ab) - (a + b) ((c + d )2 - 2cd )
6 12
equation x2 – 2x sec q + 1 = 0 and a2 and b2 are the roots of = 20 [(20) 2 + 4040] + 20 [(20) 2 - 4040]
the equation x 2 + 2x tan q - 1 = 0. If a1 > b 1 and
a2 > b 2, then a1 + b 2 equals. (2016) = 20 [(20) 2 + 4040 + (20)2 - 4040]
(a) 2 (sec q – tan q) (b) 2 sec q
= 20 × 800 = 16000
(c) -2 tan q (d) 0
Ans. (c) Objective Questions II [One or more than one correct option]

Sol. x 2 - 2 x sec q + 1 = 0 14. Let S be the set of all non-zero real numbers a such that
the quadratic equation ax2 – x + a = 0 has two distinct real
2sec q ± 4sec 2 q - 4 roots x1 and x2 satisfying the inequality |x1 – x2| < 1. Which
Þx=
2 of the following intervals is(are) a subset(s) of S ?

Þ x = sec q + tan q ,sec q - tan q (2015)

Þ a1 = sec q - tan q æ 1 1 ö æ 1 ö
(a) ç - , - ÷ (b) ç - , 0 ÷
è 2 5ø è 5 ø
Now x 2 + 2 x tan q - 1 = 0
æ 1 ö æ 1 1ö
-2 tan q ± 4 tan 2 q + 4 (c) ç 0, ÷ (d) ç , ÷
Þx= è 5ø è 5 2ø
2
Ans. (a,d)
Þ x = - tan q ± sec q
Sol. ax 2 - x + a = 0 has distinct real roots.
Þ x = - tan q + secq , - tan q - sec q
\ D > 0 Þ 1 - 4a 2 > 0
Þ b 2 = - secq - tan q
æ 1 1ö
Þ a1 + b 2 = -2 tan q . Þ a Î ç - , ÷ ...(i )
è 2 2ø
13. Suppose a, b denote the distinct real roots of the quadratic
polynomial x 2 + 20 x - 2020 and suppose c, d denote the Also x1 - x2 < 1
distinct complex roots of the quadratic polynomial 2
2
Þ x1 - x2 <1
x - 20 x + 2020. Then the value of
2
ac (a – c) + ad (a – d) + bc (b – c) + bd (b – d) is (2020) Þ x1 - x2 - 4 x1 x2 < 1
(a) 0 (b) 8000
(c) 8080 (d) 16000 1
Þ - 4 <1
a2
Ans. (d)
Sol. x2 + 20x – 2020 = 0 has two roots a, b Î R
 QUADRATIC EQUATION 5

1 1 5(a n + b n )
Þ 2
- 5 or a 2 > = = a n + b n Qa - b = 5
a 5 a -b

æ 1 ö æ 1 ö a b
Þ a Î ç -¥, - ÷Uç ,¥÷ ...(ii ) ¥
bn ¥ ¥ n n
è 5ø è 5 ø æa ö æb ö 10 10 a b
(2) å 10n = å ç 10 ÷ + å ç 10 ÷ = a + b = 10 - a + 10 - b
n =1 n =1 è ø n =1 è ø 1- 1-
From (i) and (ii) 10 10

æ 1 1 ö æ 1 1ö 10(a + b ) - 2ab 10 + 2 12
a Îç- ,- ÷Uç , ÷ = = =
è 2 5ø è 5 2ø 100 - 10(a + b ) + ab 89 89

æ 1 1 ö æ 1 1ö æ a b ö
Subsets of S can be ç - , - ÷ and ç , ÷. ¥
an an - bn
¥
1 ç 10 ÷ 1 æ a b ö
è 2 5ø è 5 2ø (3)
10
å 10n = å (a - b )10n == a - b ç a - b ÷ ç - ÷
n =1 n =1 ç1- 1- ÷a -b è 10 - a 10 -b ø
ç ÷
è 10 10 ø
15. Let a and b be the roots of x 2 - x - 1 = 0 with a > b .

an -bn 1 (10(a - b ) - ab + ab ) 10
For all positive integers n. define an = ,n ³1 = . =
a -b a - b 100 - 10(a + b ) + ab 89

b1 = 1 and bn = an -1 + an +1 , n ³ 2 then which of the Option (A) is correct.

following options is/ are correct? (2019) n

¥
(4) a1 + a2 + ..... + an = å ai
an 10 i =1
(a) å 10
n =1
n
=
89
n
i
n
i a (1 - a n ) b (1 - b n )
n n
(b) bn = a + b for all n ³ 1 åa - å b
i =1 i =1 (1 - a )
-
1- b
= =
a -b a -b
(c) a1 + a2 + ...... + a n = an + 2 - 1 for all n ³ 1

¥
bn 8 (a + 1)(1 - a n ) - ( b + 1)(1 - b n )
=
(d) å n = (1 - a )(1 - b )(a - b )
n =1 10 89

Ans. (a,b,c)
a 2 - a n+2 - b 2 + b n+2 5 + b n+2 - a n+ 2
= = = -1 + an + 2
a n +1 - b n +1 a n -1 - b n -1 (1 - a )(1 - b )(a - b ) b -a
Sol. (1) bn = an +1 + an -1 = +
a -b a -b
Numerical Value Type Questions
a n -1 (a 2 + 1) - b n -1 ( b 2 + 1) 16. The smallest value of k, for which both the roots of the
=
a -b 2 2
equation x – 8kx + 16 (k – k + 1) = 0 are real, distinct and
have values at least 4, is.... (2009)
æ5+ 5 ö æ
n -1 5 - 5
ö Ans. (2)
a n -1 çç ÷ - b çç
÷ ÷÷
è 2 ø è 2 ø
n -1 n -1
a (a + 2) - b ( b + 2) 2 2
= = Sol. Given, x - 8kx + 16 k - k + 1 = 0
a -b a -b

Now, D = 64k 2 - 64 k 2 - k + 1 = 64 k - 1 > 0

æ 5 +1ö æ 5 -1ö
5a n -1 çç n -1
÷÷ - 5b çç ÷÷ k>1
è 2 ø è 2 ø
=
a -b b 8k
(ii) (ii ) - >4 Þ > 4 Þ k >1
2a 2
 6 QUADRATIC EQUATION

(iii) f 4 ³ 4 Let x Î -¥, -1 È 1, ¥

Þ 16 - 32k + 16 k 2 - k + 1 ³ 0 x2 - 4 x2 - 1 + x -1 = 0

Þ k 2 - 3k + 2 ³ 0 Þ x2 - x - 3 = 0

Þ k -2 k -2 ³ 0 1 ± 1 + 12
Þx=
2
Þ k £ 1 or k ³ 2
Again, both are acceptable
Hence, k = 2
Hence total number of solutions = 4
17. Let (x, y, z) be points with integer coordinates satisfying
the system of homogeneous equations 19. If x 2 – 10ax – 11b = 0 have roots c & d,
3x – y – z = 0, –3x + z = 0, –3x + 2y + z = 0. Then the number x2 – 10cx – 11d = 0 have roots a and b. (a ¹ c) Find
2 2 2
of such points for which x + y + z £ 100 is... a + b + c + d. (2006)

(2009) Ans. (1210)

Ans. (7) Sol. a + b = 10 c ... (1)

Sol. The given system of equations is 3x – y – z = 0 ab = –11d ... (2)

–3x + z = 0 c + d = 10a ... (3)

–3x + 2y + z = 0 cd = –11b ... (4)

Let x = P where P is an integer then y = 0 and z = 3p (1) + (3)

a + b + c + d = 10 (a + c)
but x 2 + y 2 + z 2 £ 100 Þ P 2 + 9P 2 £ 100
Þ b + d = 9 (a + c) ... (5)
Þ P 2 £ 10 Þ P = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ± 3 Also:
a2 - 10ac - 11d = 0 ... (6)
Þ P can take 7 different values
and c2 - 10ac - 11b = 0 ... (7)
Þ Number of points (x, y, z) are 7.
(7)-(6)
18. For x Î R , the number of real roots of the equation
c 2 - a 2 = 11 b - d ...(8)
3x 2 - 4 x 2 - 1 + x - 1 = 0 is ____. (2021)
(1) – (3)
Ans. (4.00)
2 2 b - d = 11 c - a ...(9)
Sol. 3x - 4 x - 1 + x - 1 = 0
From (8) and (9)
Let x Î -1,1 a + c = 121
b + d = 9 (121)
Þ 3x 2 - 4 - x 2 + 1 + x - 1 = 0
a + b + c + d = 121 + 9 (121)
= 10 (121)
Þ 3x 2 + 4x 2 - 4 + x - 1 = 0
= 1210.
Þ 7x 2 + x - 5 = 0
ASSERTION REASON
-1 ± 1 + 140
Þx= (A) If ASSERTION is true, REASON is true, REASON is a
14
correct explanation for ASSERTION.
Both values acceptable
(B) If ASSERTION is true, REASON is true, REASON is not
a correct explanation for ASSERTION.
 QUADRATIC EQUATION 7
(C) If ASSERTION is true, REASON is false.
1
(D) If ASSERTION is false, REASON is true. since, pa ¹ b Þ a + ¹a +b
b
20. Let a, b, c, p, q be the real numbers. Suppose a, b are the
Þ b 2 ¹ 1, b ¹ -1, 0,1 , which is correct
1
roots of the equation x2 + 2px + q = 0 and a, are the roots Similarly, if c ¹ qa
b
of the equation ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0, where a
b2 Ï {–1,0,1}. (2008) Þa ¹ aab
b
Assertion : (p2 – q) (b2 – ac) ³ 0
Reason : b Ï pa or c Ï qa. æ 1ö
Þ açb - ÷ ¹ 0
(a) A (b) B è bø

(c) C (d) D 1
Þ a ¹ 0 and b - ¹0
Ans. (b) b

Sol. Given x2 + 2 px + q = 0 Þ b ¹ -1, 0,1

a + b = -2 p ...(i ) Both statement I and Statement II are true. But Statement

II does not explain statement I.
ab = p ...(ii )
Using the following passage, solve Q.21 to Q.23
And ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0
Passage – 1
12b
=a + = - ...(iii ) If a continuous function f defined on the real line R, assumes
b a
positive and negative values in R, then the equation f(x) =
0 has a root in R. For example, if it is known that a continuous
a c
and = = ...(iv) function f on R is positive at some point and its minimum
b a
values is negative, then the equation f(x) = 0 has a root in
2 2
R.
Now, p - q b - ac x
Consider f(x) = ke – x for all real x where k is real constant.
(2007)
2 x
éæ 1 ö ù 21. The line y = x meets y = ke for k £ 0 at
éæ a + b ö 2
ù êç a + b ÷ aú
(a) no point (b) one point
ê ÷ - ú a2
= êç ÷ - ab ú êç 2
ëê è - 2 ø ûú êçç ÷ bú (c) two points (d) more than two points
÷ ú
êëè ø úû Ans. (b)
Sol. For k = 0, the line y = x meets y = 0
2 2
a -b æ 1ö 2 i.e. the x-axis only at one point
= ç a - ÷ .a ³ 0
16 è bø For k < 0, y = kex meets y = x only once
\ Statement I is true.

æa +b ö a
Again, now pa = ç ÷a = - 2 a + b
è -2 ø

aæ 1ö
and b = - ç a + ÷
2è bø
 8 QUADRATIC EQUATION
Put f’(x) = 0
Þ Kex = 1

1 æ1ö
Þ ex = OR x = log ç ÷
k èkø

æ1ö
x = log ç ÷ = log1 - log k
èkø

Þ x = - log k
One point is common. Now
x
22. The positive value of k for which ke – x = 0 has only one
root is
f "( x) = ke x

1 log k -1
(a) (b) 1 f" x = ke - log k = ke
e x =- log k

(c) e (d) loge 2

1
Ans. (a) = K. =1
K
Sol. Let f x = ke x - x f " x = - log k = 1 > 0

f ' x = ke x - 1 = 0 Þ x = - ln k \ f - log k = ke- log k - - log k

f " x = ke x 1
= K. + log k
K
1
\ éëf " x ùû x =- ln k = ke - lnk = k. = 1 > 0 = 1 + log k
k
For two distinct roots.
Hence, f - ln k = 1 + ln k
1 + log k < 0 where k > 0
For one root of given equation Þ log k < -1

1 k < e–1
1 + ln k = 0 Þ k = .
e 1
x
k<
23. For k > 0, the set of all values of k for which ke – x = 0 has e
two distinct roots, is
æ 1ö
æ1 ö K Î ç 0, ÷
æ 1ö è eø
(a) ç 0, ÷ (b) ç , 1÷
è eø èe ø
Using the following passage, solve Q.24 and Q.25
æ1 ö
(c) ç , ¥ ÷ (d) (0, 1)
èe ø Passage – 2

Ans. (a) Let P, q be integers and let a, b be the roots of the equation,
x
Sol. Let f(x) = ke - x x2 – x – 1 = 0, where a ¹ b. For n = 0, 1, 2,……., let an = Pan
x
Now f’(x) = ke – 1 + qbn.
FACT : If a and b are rational numbers and
a + b 5 = 0,
 QUADRATIC EQUATION 9
then a = 0 = b. (2017) Þ P+q=8 and P–q=0
24. If a4 = 28, then P + 2q = On solving P = q = 4
(a) 12 (b) 21 Now,
(c) 14 (d) 7 P + 2q = 4 + 2 (4) = 12
Ans. (a) 25. a12 =
Sol. Q. 22 and 23 (a) a11 + 2a10 (b) a11 + a10
x2 - x - 1 = 0 (c) a11 – a10 (d) 2a11 + a10
Roots a and b Ans. (b)

1± 1 + 4 1± 5 Sol. a12 = Pa 12 + qb 12
a, b = =
2 2
since a 2 - a - 1 = 0 OR a 2 = a + 1
1+ 5 1- 5
Let a = and b = b 2 - b - 1 = 0 OR b 2 = b + 1
2 2
Given a4 = 28 a12 = P a 2 a 10 + q b 2 b 10
P.a4 + qb 4 = 28
= Pa 10 a + 1 + qb 10 b + 1
2
æ 2ö
ç 1+ 5 ÷ 1+ 5 + 2 5
2
4 14 + 6 5
= Pa 11 + Pa 10 + qb 11 + q b 10
a4 = è ø = =
16 16 16 = Pa 11 + qb 11 + Pa 10 + q b 10
Similarly
= a11 + a10

4 14 - 6 5
b4 =
16

Now a4 = 28

æ 7+3 5 ö æ 7-3 5 ö
Pç ÷÷ + q çç ÷÷ = 28
ç 2 ø
è è 2 ø

7 3 5
Þ P+q + P - q = 28
2 2

7 3 5
Þ P + q = 28 and P-q = 0
2 2