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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

The Potential of Designing a Digital Payment Framework for

Philippine HEIs

D I Cendana1, T D Palaoag2
1
PHINMA-University of Pangasinan, Dagupan City, Philippines 2400
2
University of the Cordilleras, Baguio City, Philippines 2600

[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract. Cashless payment in educational environment among developed countries

have been one of the norms to improving payment services. The main objective of the
study was to explore the potential adoption and acceptance of a designed digital
payment framework for Higher Educational Institutions in the Philippines to improve
the payment services, utilize the use of student ID and solve behavioural issues of
students in settling their school fees by converting student ID into Smart ID. A
combination of qualitative and quantitative method was applied to present the data and
findings. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection and 288 participants
among enrolled students were drawn using snowball purposive sampling. Results
revealed that 9% among 6596 total enrolled students had remaining balance at the end
of the semester. Whereas 66% scholars admitted to having failed in paying their fees
on time due to some priorities (WM=3.24). Moreover, 75% among parents working
abroad preferred the use of smart card for payment to ensure that money is consumed
to tuition fee payment as to where it is intended. Further, USCTAM was used to
measure the adoption and acceptability level which has resulted to 91.5% positive
perception to using smartID in a university setting.

1. Introduction
Several educational institutions in developing countries such as Singapore, Malaysia and Zimbabwe
have adopted smart technology created a norm for cashless payment to be implemented in their
school-related transactions. This is evident as impending use of smart card has proliferated the
educational environment. In the Philippines, two (2) universities- Lyceum University of the
Philippines and De La Salle University attempted to implement the use of digital payment method
using smart card. Apparently, no success stories were recorded to rationalize its utilization. After a
careful collaboration, it was found out that its implementation has not undergone initial investigation
to whether students and educational institution have positive adoption and acceptance regarding the
use of smart card technology. Further, no such pre-investigation nor post study was conducted to
investigate its usefulness to both the students and the school management. And so, the above-
mentioned universities in the Philippines have brought a perspective for the possible use of smart card
technology in schools. However, due to unsuccessful implementation, a broader study has to take
place to be able to ensure its likelihood to be used in the educational environment. Thus, a new study
was conducted to perform another investigation on student, parent and managements’ perception to

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

implementing smartcard in educational environment. Thus, this study aims to (1) identify the issues
encountered by parents, students and school management in terms of tuition fee payment procedure
(2) identify the factors to be considered in conceptualizing the framework (3) design a framework that
is suitable in the implementation of smart ID cashless payment among Higher Educational Institutions
(HEIs) in the Philippines, and (4) explore the acceptance and adoption of smart card technology in
Philippine university setting.

1.1. The adoption of Digital Payment Method in the Philippines

In the Philippines, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) is the central bank that oversees, supervises
banks and exercises regulatory powers over banks in the Philippines [1]. As part of its vision to adopt
technological advancement in business sector, a study [2] confirms that BSP has been trying its best to
improve the payment system in the country. As a matter of fact, BSP has developed the National
Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) which focuses on the need to reach out to those who are
financially excluded. The motivation to implement NSFI is to provide a facility for people living in
urban areas to make online transactions through the use of cards due to poor physical banking access.
Furthermore, it aims to encourage more customers to migrate from cash to non-cash payment.
Meanwhile, to enable security on transactions, BSP has mandated all banks in the Philippines to adopt
and integrate the Europay MasterCard and Visa (EMV) to the debit cards until 2017. Similarly a
corroboration was disclosed that BSP adopted the NSFI in 2014 which aims to reach at least 20%
increase on cashless transactions in 2020 but still needs to be observe because the success of its goal
would still rely on the people’s positive adoption and exposure to technology and with that, the
merchants are expected to readily implement cashless transactions and be encouraged to go cashless
which will enable them to create a surge of cashless payment channels and further improve its
inclusion to the payment transactions in the Philippines [3]. It was also reported that the number of
cashless transactions in the Philippines had increased to 10% ratio during the first quarter of 2018 as
compared for the past 3 years which only gained about 3% increase [4]. Correspondingly, verified that
the number of inflow and outflow of e-money transactions as recorded by BSP has evidently increased
from 2015-2016 which has even reached almost 1 trillion pesos amounting to PHP 956.1 billion, a 4.3
increase from 2015 transactions [5]. Whereas, an increase to 21.4% and 8.9% was recorded from the
number of registered and active e-wallet accounts. Additionally, the issuance of Automated Teller
Machine (ATM) debit cards has increased to 24.1%. While prepaid and credit card did not increase,
thus, it encourages that there is still a large reason to study the adoption of digital financial
transactions in the Philippines [5].

1.2. School-related issues on tuition fee payment and collection

School fees and levies have become a bone of contention when schools open to both parents and the
school management, yet alone, to boarding schools. This means that the essential existence of
collections based from the tuition fee payment made by parents of students is important. However,
several issues have risen as to payment collection and its security to schools. In Zimbabwe, it was
discovered that because parents do not honour their financial obligations on time, schools were unable
to purchase the necessary materials as soon as the schools open. Because of this, the school
management is left with no alternative savings to employ disciplinary measure to compel parents to
pay their financial obligations on time [6]. Also, Maryland school [7] has encountered persistent cash
shortages due to recurrence of late payment from parents for children’s tuition fee which has resulted
to cash lying idle in the bank. What the school did was they have used both discount and payment
model to address the issue on late cash payment by charging debtors an additional fee to induce
parents to make timely payment. Similar issue on fee collection was conducted [8] to whether
providing feedback on norms of university tuition fee payment could encourage students to pay their
unsettled fees in University College London. To solve the problem, feedback has taken place by
utilizing email facility to send reminders to those who have not settled their financial obligations.
Accordingly, an investigation on late tuition fee payment collection was conducted in Jamaican

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

University in a manner that is effective but not sensitive to students’ financial obligation [9]. Study has
shown that that there was a significant relationship between IT system and students being financially
cleared at the release of examination result. As to security issues, in handling payment collections
from students, fraud has been prevalent to schools’ finance department because staffs have the
immediate access and control over the cash that is collected directly from student and it was observed
that these staffs were the most vulnerable to fraud when dealing with money. Fraud was defined as a
civil crime that provoke a person to do intentional deception to gain or damage another individual
[10]. Because of the above-cited issue, this has become their motivation to investigate ways to prevent
cash transactions in school.

1.3. Cashless Payment in Educational environment

The impending use of smart card has also proliferated educational institutions. As a matter of fact,
schools in India, Nigeria, Singapore and European countries have adopted the Digital Payment
Method (DPM) known as cashless transactions [11]. This is evident as to the study [12] which reveals
that smart card has been widely used in developed countries not only for products but also in services
like public transport system and it was even being usable in food courts, toll system, Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP), parking, supermarkets and even some schools in Singapore where cashless
payment has been implemented for school fee related transactions. Similar study [13] has explored the
possibility of developing smart card as a university application and investigated its potential to reduce
the university business administration process and its positive impact to their service efficiency. Also,
a study on the possibility of adopting cashless payment in schools in India where most of college
administrators also agreed that the adoption of cashless transactions has no issue because millennial
students are becoming excessively tech-savvy. Thus, their positivity to adopting new technology may
result to a more convenient process to both parents and management especially when online payment
is implemented for paying school fees [14]. Moreover, cashless payment in educational institution can
led into easier financial transactions, transparency, lessen fear of theft, efficiency, keep track of
expenses, benefits to banks and may even contribute to proper hygiene because students need not to
carry cash on hand. With the potential use of cashless payment in school. Similarly, [12] designed a
multi-purpose student card system using smart card technology for educational institutions which
enhanced the typical student ID. The said multi-purpose student card was mainly intended to replace
the magnetic student card and was eventually used in several transactions for retail, identification,
transportation, financial transactions and for security measures. Whereas, study has resulted to a
positive adoption of smart card among students because of its versatility, practical use, security,
efficiency and usefulness. Whilst [15] unveiled that the implementation of cashless payment may
require the existence of automated teller machine, electronic purse/wallet, smart card and may even
demand banks to offer services such as mobile banking, e-transfer, and mobile money. Moreover, to
successfully implement cashless payment in schools, [16] addressed distinct aspects that need to be
considered such as economic, social, technological adoption among students, including institutional
and law aspects.

1.4. Existing Cashless Payment Frameworks

Studies have been conducted to explore the impending use of smart card in promoting convenience to
services and payment transactions. In the study[17], a smartcard framework was presented to securely
manage applications on smart card. As a result, a User Centric Card Ownership Model (UCOM) was
used to assist cardholders to manage applications on their smart card. The motivation of integrating
UCOM was driven by Near Field Communication (NFC), Secure Element (SE) and Service Providers
(SPs) which is commonly used in mobile transactions. With the use of aforementioned models,
Trusted Service Manager (TSM) could further be employed to establish trust relationship to the
industry and the telco. Additionally, using UCOM, cards may be acquired from User-Centric Smart
Card (UCSC) suppliers who can also be a smart card manufacturer. By integrating smart card for
payment schemes, there may already be an underlying Smart Card Operating System (SCOS).

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

Correspondingly, [2] revealed the challenges and opportunities of implementing electronic payment
system in the Philippines while exploring the usefulness of smart card. Wherein, the researcher’s
conceptual framework has uncovered participants demographic and the kind of online transactions
which was found to influence student’s perception on electronic payment. Further, it was found out
that the devices used to transact online and the payment scheme may also impact student’s acceptance
to the use of smart card in schools. While [18] prove that students and parents’ initial knowledge and
awareness in using smart technology has an impact to the continuous patronage in using smart card
technology for payment transactions. Additionally, [19] revealed that students’ exposure to smart card
using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has influenced their adoption of smart ID for school
related transactions. Also, the University Smart Card Technology Acceptance Model (USCTAM) was
adopted in the study [20] to identify the parameters that can be measured to prove its acceptance in a
university setting. The aforementioned study has further enhanced the model by integrating the theory
of diffusion to adopt technology.

2. Methodology
A combination of Survey and interview were applied for data collection. The survey instrument was
reviewed and approved by the CICTS Research Director from University of the Cordilleras, Baguio
City Philippines. The survey form was uploaded in [21] for referencing. Data was collected from
PHINMA-University of Pangasinan, Philippines and snowball purposive sampling was applied to
draw the 317 students from University of Pangasinan, 8 parents were interviewed during the payment
collection period and 2 employees from finance department were interviewed to know their perception
to the possible implementation of smartID in the educational environment. Both quantitative and
qualitative approach were adopted to assess the validity of findings. Regression analysis was used to
analyze the relationship between perceived usefulness and the relative advantage of using smart card.
In reference to the conceptual framework, a review of secondary references as conducted to gather
data on existing studies relevant to the framework.
The conceptual framework was designed by considering the issues encountered by students,
parents and management. Contact Smart Card (SSC) was considered in conceptualizing the framework
to be able to manage the data that is stored in a programmable chip. Contact smart card is a type of
card that is programmed using a reader that connects to the computer chip on the card. Thus, contact
smart card is expected to have its SCOS installed on it and connecting it to Electronic Data Capture
(EDC) machine when initializing transactions [12]. Through the programmable and integrated EMV
chip, data are more secured and it would be more convenient to customize the data format as student
Identification (ID) details should be coming from the institution which has been generated by its
Information Technology Services Department (ITSD) during the period of application for students ID.
By adopting this type of card, it is possible to manage the data according to (a) students’ identification
and student type (b) card status and account details (c) transaction details. Also, since bank will
provide the smart card for the school, the Application Management Server (AMS) of the bank can be
utilized to restrict the use of smart card within the institutional transactions only. AMS is concerned
with managing the application processes that is installed into the smart card. This further contributes to
ensuring security of transactions because the Service Provider (SP) of the bank will take care of the
authentication of card through Application Services Authentication Server (ASAS) [17].

3. Discussion
A response rate of 90.85% (N=288) from PHINMA- University of Pangasinan students were gathered.
57.99% (N=167) of them were Male and 42.01% (N=121) were female. Participants also came from
various year level knowing that students who have been in the university for several years would
better express their experiences and thoughts regarding the existing payment system in the institution.
Statistics has revealed that 46.88% were seniors, 31.60% were juniors, 14.93% were sophomores,
3.47% were 5th year and 3.13% came from freshmen level. Study has revealed that among 288
students, 67.01% of them are supported by parents for their education, 16.32% were supported by their

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

relatives while 10% were supported by siblings and the source of income of the person supporting
their education are based from their salary. Noticeably, 35.07% of the salaried employees are
employed in their home country while 32.29% of them are Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW).
Surprisingly, while parent/ relatives are employed in the homeland, analysis has shown that 31.06%
prefers to give their children’s allowance and tuition fee payment through bank deposit and remittance
rather than giving it to the student’s guardian since they are working outside provinces. While 54.51%
among parents who are living with children prefers to give their allowance and payment fee in cash.

3.1. Issues Encountered by Parents and Students when Settling Account

Eight (8) parents were interviewed to know the issues they encounter when monitoring children’s
school record. Interview has revealed that 5 parents had a difficulty when talking to their children
about the status of their grade and financial obligation in school because their child cannot directly
answer the question of their parent on why their grades doesn’t show on the student portal whenever
these parents attempted to check their child’s grade. They need to go to school and talk to the dean or
college clerk to confirm the grade of their child, only to find out that the tuition fee of their child was
still unsettled- the reason why grades are not viewable due to unsettled financial obligation. Moreover,
when parents were asked why they opt to experience the long queue to pay their child’s tuition fee
instead of their child doing it alone, 5 parents revealed that trust issue has gave them the reason to do it
so. Also, 3 parents have revealed that because students nowadays are more exposed to technology and
photo editing, their children even tried imitate examination permit just to let the parents know that
they have settled their account but actually not. Moreover, 6 OFW parents revealed that they usually
give the budget directly to their children for their tuition fee payment before the examination period
but they were unable to pay their fees because of the influence of their friends. Because of these
behavioural issues of their children, they are left nothing but to avail of student loan in the university
just to settle their tuition fee. However, parents are still left obliged to pay the student loan as indicated
in the promissory note. Thus, resulting to another financial obligation for parents.
Two (2) groups of students were asked on issues they encounter when settling their school fees.
Analysis has revealed that 45% among participants were scholars while 55% were non-scholars.
Despite being a scholar where a Number (N=130), 66% among students still fails to pay their fees on
time due to some priorities using a Weighted Mean (WM=3.24). Because of the notion that their
allowances are given on hand, the students are tempted to spend the money on other important things
rather than paying their school fee. This is evident as 70.8% (N=92) among them agreed that they still
fail to pay the remaining fees they need to pay during exam period. The reason why 3.3% of 6596
enrolled tertiary students applied for student loan at the end of semester, knowing that there is a
expected fund to be received for the next semester. The result also coincides with data from finance
department that 166 scholars applied for promissory note ending the 2nd semester of the academic
year. While 59.7% (N=77) were unable to get their exam permit despite scholarship funds have been
forwarded to the institution. As a result, scholars were unable to get permit automatically and with
that, they were unable to take the examination. Expectedly, 48% (N=61) scholars had no issue on long
queue because they need not to pay on the teller as their names have been forwarded to the institution
by the scholarship sponsors and so, payments are collected automatically by the institution. Non-
scholar students (N=158) had comparable issue with scholars wherein 61% (N=89) were unable to pay
their fees on time because of some personal expenditures once they have received their allowance.
Thus, regardless of the type of student, students were enticed to spend the money once they have it
hand but is supposed to be intended for tuition fee payment. Also, 63.3% (N=100) were unable to pay
their tuition fee on time because they were unable to manage their money vs. personal expenses.
Additionally, 60.9% (N=50) were unable to get their exam permit for the 3-exam period even fees are
fully settled before the class semester starts. Hence, they need to wait for the announcement of per
term exam period for the teller to release the exam permit. As to the convenience, 58.3% (N=91)
students were unable to pay during payment period because the procedure is hassle and time
consuming. This can be attributed to 57.7% (N=90) students who prefer not to pay on time because of

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

the long queue. Thus, 58.3% (N=91) non-scholars prefers to pay at the end of semester instead.
Remarkably, 65.2% (N=103) students agreed that they were unable to pay tuition fee on time because
it’s not them who manage their own budget and sometimes it is spent to something else rather than to
their tuition fee payment.

3.2. Factors Influencing Students’ Perception in Embracing Smart ID

Two hundred eighty-eight (288) respondents were asked about perception to embrace smart ID in
school. Survey has revealed that 95% has positive response to adapt smart ID while 5% are not. This
can be attributed to their answers which influences their perception to embracing the use of smart ID.
Fig. 1 shows students feedback on the factors influencing their ability to embrace smart card
technology.

Figure 1. Factors influencing students’ perception to embrace smart ID.

274 respondents conformed their positive perception to using smart id. 84.3% said YES if there is
an appropriate orientation administered by the institution on how to use the smart ID; 62.7% would
like that policy should be put in place before its implementation and; Consequent to the study of [15]
as to the availability of facilities, 60.10% practically considered the availability of installed facilities in
the campus such as top-up machines, card reader, smart ID production and collection of information
relevant to the need of bank for opening a bank account for students. This is to ensure sustainable
usage and implementation of smart card technology. Subsequently, 32.7% were already exposed to
using smartcard and since they have already experience the convenience and security of using it, they
are keen and positive to the potential implementation of smart ID for ease, convenience and innovative
way of payment system in the university. Relative to the need of students for the orientation, survey
also revealed that among 5% (N=14) students who have expressed their doubt to embracing smart ID
80% (N-11) have fear in using smart card. Analysis has found out that these students never
experienced using smartcard for any transactions. Also, 30% (N=4) confirmed that they have no
knowledge in using smart card and these students have never experience going to the bank for any
transactions. Thus, they have this perception that smart ID might be impractical and insignificant for
them. Further, students with positive perception in using smart ID have expressed their expectations
whenever student ID will be converted to smart ID. Surprisingly, students nowadays have positive
response to using technology because with WM=4.3 (N=280) they believe that using smart card can
promote innovation, greater responsibility and awareness to students’ behaviour in spending their
money for payment transactions as comparable to the study undertaken by [12]; thus, using card for
payment transactions can be more practical because transactions history can be easily monitored rather
than paying in cash (WM=4.1, N=283).Wherein through transactions history, it might already help the
student in prioritizing and managing their important expenses (WM=4.1, N=283) which might led to a
more convenient and efficient payment procedures. Whilst, 64.7% (WM=3.9) feels that they might be

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

more secured if they only have the card with them instead of cash in their pocket while on their way to
school. Table1 shows the actual data on student’s openness to implement smart ID in HEIs.

Table 1. Students’ openness to implement smart ID in HEIs

STATEMENT SA A N D SDA N WM STD

a. Using smart card for payment might
promote greater responsibility, awareness
and innovation. 38.9% 48.6% 12.1% 0.4% 0.0% 280 4.3 0.7
b. I think using smart card in payment
transaction is more convenient than cash 37.9% 42.1% 19.3% 0.7% 0.7% 285 4.1 0.8
c. Using smart card for payment transaction
might help me in prioritizing and managing
my important expenses. 31.8% 45.9% 21.9% 0.4% 0.0% 283 4.1 0.7
d.
I think using card for payment transactions
is more practical because I can easily
monitor my expenses through transaction
history rather than paying in cash. 28.3% 49.5% 21.6% 0.7% 0.0% 283 4.1 0.7
e.
I feel more secured on my way to school if I
use card for payment rather than cash. 25.8% 38.9% 32.2% 2.5% 0.7% 283 3.9 0.9
f. I have already used smart card before (e.i
atm card, credit card, gcash, smartmoney,
etc.) 29.0% 32.2% 24.4% 9.5% 4.9% 283 3.7 1.1
g. Using cash for payment is more convenient
than using card. 10.7% 31.8% 50.0% 4.3% 3.2% 280 3.4 0.9

3.3. Digital Payment Design Framework for HEIs

Factors on the above-mentioned results were taken into consideration to design a conceptual
framework for the digital payment method that might be applicable in HEIs. Factors influencing
students to embrace smart ID such as orientation, policies and, availability of facilities were discussed
with the management to ensure sustainable implementation of the new technology. A positive
response from the management was obtained to implement the new technology. Hence, active
cooperation from Marketing, Centre for Students Development and Learning (CSDL) and Finance
department is considered for policy making and orientation purposes. Also, a diplomatic partnership
with bank was observed to properly negotiate the procurement of facilities essential to its
implementation. This is to ensure that facilities are provided by a partner bank and data security is
managed by the bank. Facilities to be provided by the bank includes production of smart card,
acquisition of card readers, cellular phone for data connection and efficient transactions. The IT
Services Department (ITSD) of the institution takes care of the production of smart ID which already
integrate students picture, student number, card number and other details.
The digital payment framework works by acquiring the smart card by bank supplier. The number of
cards to be produced is requested by the institution through the marketing department based from the
projected number of freshmen students to enrol in the institution. After which, the bank sends request
to their supplier. In this process, the bank may adopt UCSC framework when acquiring smart card
from supplier where SCOS and EMV chip are already expected to have been integrated into the card.
Thus, the card already contains the EMV chip for security and the card number. Once the bank has
delivered the smart cards to the institution, ITSD may start producing the smart ID by collecting
information from students. Prior to printing, ITSD should record the card number tagged to student
number with their respective student details. A report is then forwarded to bank for monitoring. Once
report is generated by ITSD, the bank may already assign a bank account number to students’ account
based from the forwarded student details with card number, student number, contact number of

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

parents/ student and the address. Then a letter is sent by bank to the student/parent of student for them
to receive their account number and temporary pin. Once received, the recipient is required to activate
the card and change their password for security purposes. Parent then may already top-up the smart ID
to any bank affiliated to bancnet. To pay school related fees, student may go directly to the teller
section, selects the type of transactions, present his card for payment and the teller inserts the card to
the Electronic Data Capture (EDC) machine. Once connection is established, the teller requests the
student to enter his password on the EDC machine. For successful transactions, the machines will print
two (2) copies of receipt. The first copy is given to student and the 2nd copy is left to the teller.
Finally, the teller issues examination permit to student and electronic copy is also sent to
students/parents’ email address for immediate claim of the examination permit upon payment. SMS
alert shall also be received by parents for notification purposes. The advantage of the smart ID is that
it does not support withdrawal using the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) which are located outside
the campus. The smart ID is purposely designed to solve student’s behavioural issue in handling the
money sent by parents that is intended for school related fees. Thus, the smart ID can only be used
within the university campus and within the teller section of the university. Fig. 2 shows the
conceptual design for card acquisition and digital payment framework.

Figure 2. Digital payment framework for HEIs using smart

Additionally, since the contact details of parents were gathered by the institution, it is possible that
the institution may come to an agreement with the bank to facilitate the auto messaging that may
remind the parents of the upcoming tuition fee payment to be settled. Moreover, an auto debit
agreement can be made possibly if the institution will make its effort to communicate the process to
the parents and scholarship sponsors to ensure collection of payment at the end of the semester.
However, appropriate guidelines and policy should also take place to ensure that parents and sponsors
are made aware of the clearances.

3.4. Acceptability and adoptability of smart card in a university setting

A simulation on the use of smart card was conducted to measure its acceptability and student’s
adoption to using it in a university setting. Analysis has revealed that 67.8% had over 6-year exposure
to using computing devices which found to have a significant difference with student’s preferences on
the indicator of images and information within the card resulting to p=0.002 where p<0.005. To
measure the acceptability of smart card in a university setting, USCTAM was used which has 10
parameters namely (a) relative advantage (b) compatibility (c) triability (d) ease of use (e)
demonstrability (f) visibility (g) indicators of image (f) indicators of information (g) perceived
usefulness and (h) indicator of adoption. Using likert type of questions, participants answer was rated
from 1(lowest)-5 (highest). Fig 3 shows the computed WM for each parameter. Additionally, students
were asked on their perception on the need for smart card in the university and 91.5% agreed that
smart card technology will really help in the manifestation of efficient payment transactions and solve
behavioural issues of students in managing their money to prioritize school-related fees.

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International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications 2019 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 803 (2020) 012045 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/803/1/012045

Figure 3. Parameters in assessing the acceptability of smart card

4. Conclusion
The study has provided relevant and adequate information for the HEI’s to potentially embrace the use
of Smart ID in a university setting. However, the conversion of student ID into smart ID requires the
involvement of people that will comprise the successful implementation of the framework. The
adaptability of both parents/scholarship sponsors and students to using smart card is needed to ensure
a sustainable culture of embracing technology in the institution. The ease of use and convenience can
be assured only when parents were able to transact through banks and students can afford to
continuously use smart card instead of cash. Thus, the introduction of smart ID in HEI’s may
positively result to a potential adaptation among students, the school management and the banks.
Study further concludes that the implementation of smart ID may possibly contribute to educational
environment giving them the assurance that school fees are paid on time and promotes sense of
responsibility for students to prioritize their financial obligations. While this study concludes 95%
positive perception to embrace smart ID and 91.5% perceived need to use smart ID in a university
setting, the parent’s perception through wide data collection should have been considered to
paramount the impact and sustainable use of smart ID.

Acknowledgments
This project study would have not been possible without the guidance and help of several individuals
who in one way or another contributed and extended their valuable assistance in the preparation and
completion of this study. Also, the researcher would like to acknowledge Mr. Norberto Padiernos and
Arjay Perreras for sharing their ideas to construct the conceptual framework. The researcher’s
immeasurable gratitude is extended to the Commission on Higher Education for the sponsorship and
PHINMA-University of Pangasinan for the support throughout the development of this research.
Above all, the researcher would like to thank God for always giving her the courage, perseverance, the
faith and determination to finish this research despite all the hardships encountered.

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