F NGERTIPS

at your

INDIAN FOREST SERVICE

(MAIN) EXAMINATION
FORESTRY

2022
Aspirants feedback
Indian Forest Service (IFoS) 2021

AIR 79
FORESTRY
Paper 2

EDITION : 2022
+917223970423 [email protected]
Gole ka mandir, Morar, Gwalior (MP) 474005
 Paper - 2

CONTENTS

SECTION - A

1. Forest management & Working Plan 1-7

2. Forest Mensuration & Remote sensing 8 - 12

3. Forest Surveying & Engineering 13 - 15

SECTION - B

4. Forest Ecology, Dendrology & Ethnobotany 16 - 19

5. Tribology 20 -

6. Forest protection 20 - 22

7. Forest Utilization 23 - 25

8. Forest Legislation 26 - 27

9. Forest economics 28 - 29

10. Wildlife biology 30

 PAPER 2
SECTION
FOREST MANAGEMENT &
A WORKING PLAN

FOREST MANAGEMENT AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS : Objective, principles, and techniques; The
concept of sustained yield (its principle, scope, and limitation); Rotation, its types, and steps for reducing
rotation age; Normal forest; Growing stock; Stand structure and dynamics; Management of forest
plantations, commercial forests, and forest cover monitoring. Approaches viz., (i) site-specific planning, (ii)
strategic planning, (iii) Approval, sanction, and expenditure. (iv) Monitoring (v) Reporting and governance;
Regulation of yield

FOREST WORKING PLAN : Forest planning, evaluation, and monitoring tools and approaches for
integrated planning; Multipurpose development of forest resources and forest industries development;
working plans and working schemes, their role in nature conservation, bio-diversity, and other
dimensions; preparation and control. Divisional Working Plans, Annual Plan of operations.

MARKS DISTRIBUTION

Year Average 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Conceptual part
≈ 45 33 ~41 43 75 48 30 50 ~90 35 14
[Part-I]
Yield regulation
≈ 12 15 15 10 8 15 × 15 33 8 ×
[Part-II]
Working Plan
≈ 15 33 15 ~15 23 23 10 15 10 ~13 ×
[Part-III]
Total ≈ 70 79 65 61 104 86 40 80 106 71 14

[ Part-I ] PRINCIPLES & CONCEPTS

• “Forestry enterprise is peculiar compared to other enterprises” Justify (8 m).

• Define working circle. Mention different types of working circles generally constituted in
2021 India. Explain Biodiversity working circle (10 m).
• Define rotation of maximum volume production. Explain the methods for fixing up of
rotation of maximum volume production with the help of a neat diagram (15 m).

• What are the key decision parameters in an uneven-aged forest management (8m).
• How does collaborative forest management ensure community and household
resilience? (8 m) [Linked Q : JFM + Social Forestry]
 IFoS | 2022

• What are the recommended practices for strategic harvest planning ? (8m).
• What are the factors that affect a stand structure? Describe in brief the DBH distribution
2020 in even, uneven, and Multi-aged normal forest stands (15 m)
• What are the Socio-ecological implications of modifying rotation lengths in forestry? (10
m).

• Explain the role of Normal Series of Age Gradation and Age Class in forest management
(8 m).
• Describe the method for calculation of Normal Growing Stock with the help of yield table
(15 m).
2019
• What is Progressive Yield ? How is annual yield obtained in a forest worked with periodic
block method? (15 m) [Linked Q : Yield regulation]
• What is Compartment? why is its study and description required when making a working
plan ? (15 m)

• What is Sustained Yield ? Mention the positive and negative aspects related to sustained
yield (8m).
• What is Growing Stock? How is normal growing stock calculated in Clear Felling System
based on final MAI? (15 m).
• Define Rotation. Explain different types of rotation with special reference to ecological,
industrial, and economical benefits (10 m).
2018
• What is Increment ? Discuss different types of increments. Discuss the graphical
relationship between current annual increment and mean annual increment (15 m).
• Define forest management. Give its objectives. How does the attitude of the owner put
impact on the management of forests? (15 m).
• How is the rotation of any particular species at any particular locality practically decided?
(10 m).
• Describe the different formulae used in forest trees for determining Increment Percent
in diameter and volume (15 m).
• Write about the concept of Normal Forest and the kind of abnormalities which affect the
normal growing stock (15 m).
2017 • How the Forest Cover was measured prior to and post 1980's in India? Define the various
categories of forest cover (8m).
• Some rural communities are opposed to chir pine and advocate removal of chir pine and
its replacement with broadleaved multipurpose trees. What is your reaction in this
matter? (10 m) [Linked Q : JFM + Social forestry]
• What is Normal Growing Stock ? Explain the determination of NGS in clear felling
system with graphical illustration and numerical examples (10 m).
• How do you visualize the concept of Normal Forest in Indian context? describe the
effect of silvicultural system on normality (10 m).

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• What is the Increment Percent ? Discuss the relationship between CAI and MAI of a
forest stand (10m).
• Explain the concept of rotation and its application in regular and irregular forests (10)
2016
• Describe the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) towards sustainable forest
production through Public-Private Partnership (PPP) approach (10 M) [Linked Q : Forest
economics]

• Progressive Yield concept differs from Sustainable Yield. Under the present
situation, which would you suggest and why? (15 m).
• Discuss how the Rotation of Minimum Volume Production differs from the
Silvicultural Rotation (10 m).
2015
• Enumerate the importance of Forest Survey of India (FSI) in the forest management
system (10 m).
• Show by your interpretation, either graphically or theoretically, how the forest yield
depends upon the Growing Stock (15 m) [Linked Q : Working plan]

• Define rotation and describe the various types of Rotation prescribed (8m).
• With the help of a diagram, discuss the relationship between MAI and CAI. What is their
role in forest measurements ? (10 m).
• What are the Peculiarities you have observed in Forest Management practices ? Suggest
2014
ways to overcome them (10 m).
• Define rotation and describe the various types of Rotation prescribed (8m).
• With the help of a diagram, discuss the relationship between MAI and CAI. What is their
role in forest measurements ? (10 m).

• What are the Peculiarities you have observed in Forest Management practices ? Suggest
ways to overcome them (10 m).
• Define Growing Stock. Explain the estimation of growing stock and density (10 m).
• How enumeration of the Growing Stock is done ? describe in brief the various methods
2014
of enumeration for preparing a working plan (15 m) [Linked Q : Working plan + Forest
mensuration]
• What is Stand Density ? How spacing is used to control stand density ? Discuss (15)
[Linked Q : Silviculture]

• Describe the scope and objectives of Forest Management. What is the impact of
restrictions laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court on green felling in forests? (10 m).
2013 • Define the rotation and describe its various types used in Indian forestry (20 m).
• Describe the compound interest and Schneider's formulae for calculation of increment
percentage (10 m) [Linked Q : Forest mensuration]

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• Differentiate between – CAI and MAI (4m)

2012 • Explain dynamics of forest vegetation giving an example of the evolution of Sal Forest in
Uttaranchal (10 m).

• Write short notes on – interrelationship between CAI and MAI (5 m).

2011 • Explain the situations under which a Forest becomes Abnormal (10 m).
• Define Rotation & discuss different Types of Rotations giving suitable examples (20).

• Discuss the significance of normality in sustainable management of forest (8m).

• How is De-Liocourt’s principle utilized to ensure normality concept in selection forest?
(8m).
• How do variation in density and quality of a forest influence annual yield estimation?
(8m).
• How are yield table data used for the assessment of normal growing stock? (8m)
• What is working circle ? How is it decided in working plan exercise ? (8m) [Linked Q :
2010 Working plan]
• Briefly discuss the relative importance of physical and silvicultural rotations in respect of
existing forest resources of India (8 m).
• Explain the components of compartment description (10 m) [Linked Q : Working plan]
• How is the soil expectation value helpful for deciding financial rotation ? (10m).
• What is intermediate yield ? How does it differ from final yield ? (10 m).
• What is integrated land use management ? Give a plan of integrated land use
management for 10 ha. of land in the tropics and sub-tropics part of India (10 m).

• Justify the statement “Control of stand density of desired species helps in the
production of maximum volume” (10 m).
• Explain the concept of normal growing stock in clear felling system (10 m).
• Show the relationship between Current annual Increment (CAI) and Mean Annual
2009
Increment (MAI) of a forest stand (10m).
• Describe the normal forest concept for commercial plantations (10 m).
• Distinguish between Silvicultural rotation and rotation of the maximum volume
production (10 m).

2008 • How is the growing stock estimated in clear felling system ? (20 m).

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[ Part-II ] YIELD REGULATION

• Explain the French Method (1883) of yield regulation in irregular forests. What are its
2021
advantages and disadvantages? (15 m)

2020 • What are the classical methods for determining the allowable cut? (15 m)

• What is progressive yield ? How is annual yield obtained in a forest worked with periodic
2019
block method ? (15 m) [Linked Q : Principles & Concepts].

• 50 equi-productive coups are to be worked out from 2000 hectares of forest under clear
felling system with the following densities :

2018

• How a selection forest is managed under the Felling Series? Describe with suitable
2017
examples/diagrams (15 m) [Linked Q : Silviculture System]

• Show by your interpretation, either graphically or theoretically, how the forest yield
2015
depends upon the Growing Stock (15 m) [Linked Q : Principles & Concepts]

• How yield is regulated ? Describe the Von-Mantel’s formula for yield regulation in forests
(15 m).
2014
• Describe the general principle of yield regulation in Uneven-aged forest crop (10 m).
• Give a short account on - the management of uneven-aged forests (8 m).

• What is the yield regulation in forest management ? How can the yield regulation by
2013
Judeich method be used ? (8m).

• How is yield regulated in a forest which is worked under clear felling system ? (10 m)
2011 • Discuss Smythies Safeguarding formula for annual harvest of timber from a selection
forest (20 m)

2010 • Describe the procedure for allotting different types of periodic blocks in a forest (10)

2009 • Write short notes on – Permanent and floating periodic blocks (5 m)

2008 • How is the yield regulated by Periodic block method ? (10 m)

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[ Part-III ] WORKING PLAN

• “Working plan is a basic prerequisite for the management of forest division” Discuss (8).
• What is forest regeneration survey map ? How is it useful in the management of natural
2021 forests ? (10 m).
• Briefly explain the steps involved in preparation of working plan according to national
working plan code, 2014 (15 m)

• A well-defined working plan is crucial for the sustainable management of forests and
2020 biodiversity. Write your answer in brief in the light of National working plan code 2014
(15 m).

• Describe the significance of working plan and working scheme in conserving biodiversity
(8 m).
2019
• What is Compartment? why is its study and description required when making a working
plan ? (15 m) Linked Q : Principles & Concepts]

• Define working plan. Discuss objectives and scope of a working plan. Describe salient
features of a good working plan (15 m).
2018
• What are the forest stock maps ? Discuss the details shown in stock maps for a working
plan report (8m).

• What are the objectives of working plan? How it is helpful for conservation of biodiversity
and natural resource conservation of forests? (8 m)
2017
• Describe the Various Kinds of Maps prepared by the Working Plan Officer. What is their
utility and purpose ? (15 m).

• Differentiate Working Plan and Annual Plan of operations. Suggest the changes
2016 needed in the working plan preparation for more effective application in forest
management (10 m).

• Maps are an integral part of forest management. Give your perceptions about the
2015
kind of maps you consider important for managing a forest circle (15 m).

• How enumeration of the Growing Stock is done ? describe in brief the various methods
2014
of enumeration for preparing a working plan (15 m) [Linked Q : Forest mensuration]

• What are the main contributions of Dr. D. Brandis in Indian forestry? Enumerate the
various stages of working plan. What is the role of silvicultural system in the working
2013 plans ? (8m).
• Describe a stock map. Discuss the scheme of recording crop composition (including
colouring pattern used) and crop density (8m).

2011 • What is a regeneration stock map? How is it prepared? (10 m).

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• Explain various types of maps prepared by Working Plan Officer (10 m).

• What are the different regeneration categories that are observed and recorded during
sal regeneration survey ? (8 m).
• What is working circle ? How is it decided in working plan exercise ? (8m) [Linked Q :
2010
Principles & Concepts]
• Explain the components of compartment description (10 m) [Linked Q : Principles &
Concepts]

• In what ways does a Divisional Forest Working Plan seem to be essential in sustainable
2008
forest management (20 m).

SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR THIS MODULE

• Forest Management by Ram Prakash, IBD Publication, Dehradun (2006 edition)

• Guidelines for the management of tropical forests, Ian Armitage, FAO, 1998.
• Forest Management by Steven P. Grossberg, Nova Science Publishers, inc. New York

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PAPER 2
SECTION
FOREST MENSURATION
A
& REMOTE SENSING

FOREST MENSURATION : Methods of measuring - diameter, girth, height and volume of trees; form-
factor; volume estimation of stand, current annual increment; mean annual increment, Sampling
methods, and sample plots. Yield calculation; yield and stand tables.

REMOTE SENSING : Forest cover monitoring through remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems for
management and modelling.

MARKS DISTRIBUTION

Year Average 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Forest
0 0 41 40 48 20 46 61 46 92
Mensuration

Remote Sensing 15 23 15 10 8 30 15 8 0 18

Total 15 23 56 50 56 50 61 69 46 110

[ Part-I ] FOREST MENSURATION

2021 • NO

2020 • NO

• Explain Metzger’s theory of tree form and its significance in volume calculation (8m).
• Describe the procedure for estimating the volume of standing and felled tree (8 m).
2019
• Explain the principles of the height measuring instruments giving suitable examples (10m).
• What is point sampling? How is it helpful to find out the basal area of a forest? (15)

• What are the precautions required for diameter measurements with calipers? Discuss the
errors that occur due to non-observation of the precautions (15 m).
2018 • Define volume tables and give their classification (10 m).
• Define forest sampling. Give advantages of sampling Discuss different types of non-random
sampling methods used in forestry (15 m).

2017 • How volume tables are classified on the basis of kind of outtum ? Describe briefly (8m)

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• How the geometrical measurements for calculating volume yield are made in (i) Buttressed
tree, (ii) Leaning tree on a slope, and (iii) a tree forked at the base? Give a thematic
presentation (15 m).
• Describe the different formulae used in forest trees for determining increment percent in
diameter and volume (15 m).
• Write a note on kinds of enumeration and explain in brief different random sampling
techniques used in forest inventories (10 m).

• Discuss the significance of Stump analysis in forest mensuration. How does it helps in
understanding the past growth of trees ? (10).
2016
• Sampling has a very important role in forest inventory. Discuss with the help of kinds of
sampling (10 m).

• Which of the instruments has Wheeler's pentaprism replaced and why? (8m)
• How important are the increment borers in forest health and growth analysis ? Does
Pressler's borer have any adverse effects on the tree sampled ? Elaborate on the issue (8 m).
2015 • How far do taper tables help in measuring the volume of a tree? Discuss their types and
methods of preparation (15 m).
• Why are sample plots laid out in different forest species? What is their utility and how are
they enumerated ? (15 m).

• What is a stand table ? Give a brief description for preparation of a stand table (8m).
• How is stump analysis carried out and what kind of information does it yield ? ( 8 m).
• What is a tree stem form? How is tree stem form calculated and what are its uses in
forestry? (15 m).
2014
• Differentiate between sample plots and preservation plots. Discuss their role in
management (15 m).
• "Spiegel Relaskop is an instrument of great use in forestry" justify with reasons. How is the
basal area per hectare determined by this instrument ? Explain (15 m).

• Differentiate between the graphical method and the regression equation method for the
preparation of general volume tables (8m).
• Differentiate between Hojer's formula and Behre's formula for tree form (8 m).
• Describe the compound interest and Schneider's formulae for calculation of increment
percentage ( 10 m).
• Differentiate between random sampling and non-random sampling. Describe different
2013
methods of non-random sampling that are used in forest inventories (10 m).
• In stem analysis, diameters of 30th ring (as computed on BH section) at different height
sections was found as follows :

Ht. of Section (m) 01.37 04.24 07.24 10.24 13.24 14.74

Diameter (cm) 29.5 25.2 21.0 16.00 10.40 06.60

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The diameter curve of 30th ring cuts the height axis at 18.24 m
(The average seedling takes 10 years to reach 1.37 m)
Calculate the MAI at 40 years of Age of the tree (10 Marks)

• What are the items of information available in the volume table in addition to the volume of
tree ? Briefly describe them (8 m).
• Describe the process of tree height measurement by the Abney level. What are its
advantages and disadvantages ? (8 m).
• Describe various formulae for calculation of the volume of logs (8 m).
• Define Stem analysis and discuss its purpose (8 m).
• Describe compound interest formula for calculation of diameter increment percent (8)
• Describe the indirect methods for volume estimation of trees (14 m).
• If the angle of elevation to the tip of the tree is 30° and 45° respectively, measured from two
sides of a ravine, and width of the ravine at the top is 15" m and height of the eye of
observer from the ground is 1·5 m, find the height of the tree ( 8m).
2012
• Calculate values of – (10 m).
(i) Bark thickness;
(ii) Log volume OB;
(iii) Log volume UB;
(iv) Volume of bark, and
(v) Bark percentage,
for a log with measurements DBH OB = 130 cm, DBH UB = 124 cm and Length = 4·8 m
• Discuss the Metzer's theory of Stem Form (8 m).
• A tree with elliptical c/s when measured at BH by a calipers gives two values as 71 cm and 65
cm. Girth of the tree at BH by tape is 1·82 m. Calculate the basal area by three different
methods, listing the methods clearly, and discuss which method is the correct one (12 m).

• Describe reference point of diameter/girth measurement on a standing tree (10 m).

• Explain principles of height measuring instruments (10 m).
2011
• What is quarter girth formula? Why is it preferred for calculation of log volume ? (10).
• What is yield table ? How contents of yield table is utilized in forestry ? (10 m)

• Comment on the comparative significance of calliper and tape for d.b.h measurement (8 m).
2010 • Explain the principle and use of Abney’s level (10 m).
• Write principle of Christen hypsometer and its use (10 m).

• What is the importance of estimating form factors of a tree ? Write common formula(e) used
to estimate the form factor (10 m).
2009 • Write on the importance of stem analysis in forest mensuration. How does the stem analysis
help in knowing the volume of the stand ? (10 m).
• Write the procedure of measure the height of tree in the following situation, when -

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(i) Observer’s eye is above the top of the tree.
(ii) Observe’s eye is below the base of the tree (20 m)
• Discuss the concept and use of Horizontal point sampling when wedge prism is used (10 m).
• What is Quarter girth formula ? How is it used in calculating the volume of a log ? (10)
• Write the salient differences between local volume table and general volume table (10)

• Write different methods in brief for estimation of volume of stand (10m) [Linked Q :
2008
Forest Mensuration].

• What is the importance of estimating form factor of a tree? Write common formula used to
estimate the form factor (10).
• Describe working principles of Christen's Hypsometer in tree height measurement (10).
• Answer the Following –
2007
(a) To compute volume of standing trees which parameters are required to be measured?
Write instruments used and brief procedure of their handling (20).
(b) How the age of the trees can be determined in which annual rings are not clearly observed
(10)?

[ Part-II ] REMOTE SENSING & GIS

• Define Gioinformatics. What are its elements ? Explain its role in management and
2021
monitoring of forest resources (15m).

• Why should GIS be considered as a ‘Pure Science’ ? (8m)

2020
• What are the application of remote sensing in forestry ? (15m).

2019 • Describe the role of remote sensing and GIS in monitoring forest resources (15 m).

• Define remote sensing. Discuss its application in forest management along with GIS
2018
applications (10 m).

2017 • What are the applications of remote sensing and GIS in the field of forestry and wildlife? (8 m).

• Define photogrammetry. Discuss in detail its application in forest management (10).

• Thermal Remote Sensing has specific application in forest management, Describe (10)
2016
• The recent developments in GIS and Digital Image Processing make forest cover assessment
and mapping more easier and accurate. Explain your views (10).

• Discuss how the microwave remote sensing has been found to be more useful in forestry
2015
than other satellite imageries (15 m).

• Differentiate between Geostationary and Sun synchronous satellite; and satellite imagery
2014

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and remote sensing (8m).

• Estimation of crown volume depends on which factors and what are the different
geometrical shapes ·of crowns ? Write down the various formulae for measurement of
2012
crown volume (10).
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of LANDSAT images? (8 m).

2011 • How is remote sensing advantageous as compared to ground surveys ? (10 m).

• What are the pictorial elements used of interpretation of aerial photo graphs (10 m).
2010
• How does the flying height influence the scale of aerial photo graphs in hilly areas (10)

• Discuss the features of EM spectrum & mention bandwidth spectral range used in remote
2009 sensing (10 m). [Similar Question in 2005]
• Discuss the features of EMR & mention bandwidth spectrum range used in remote sensing

2007 • How is the remote sensing used in monitoring forest cover ? (10 m)

Source of Reference

• Forest mensuration by Chaturvedi AN & Khanna LS, IBD publication Dehradun.

• Forest mensuration by Anthonie VL and Alparslan A, Springer publication.
• Forest mensuration by Kershaw JA et. al, Wiley Blackwell publication (5th edition).
• Forest inventory, Methodology and application by Annika k & Mattis M, Springer publication.
• FAO web-portal.
• Remote sensing and GIS by Basudeb Bhatta, Oxford University press (3rd Edition, 2020)
• Websites for for Previous year Papers – FAO, examrace.com, upsc, opsc, hppsc, ukpsc, uppsc and
croud sourcing.

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PAPER 2
SECTION
FOREST SURVEYING &
A
ENGINEERING
SURVEYING AND FOREST ENGINEERING : (1) Forest surveying - different methods of surveying, maps and
map reading. (2) Basic principles of forest engineering - Building materials and construction. (3) Roads and
Bridges - General principles, objects, types, simple design and construction of timber bridges.

MARKS DISTRIBUTION

Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012

Roads & bridges (Q) 2 1 1 - 1 - - - -

Forest surveying (Q) 1 1 1 - 1 4 1 1 3

Forest Engineering (Q) 1 2 - 1 - - - 2 -

Total 48 43 16 10 25 41 15 25 30

• Explain the term (i) True meridian, (ii) Magnetic meridian, (iii) Reduced bearing, and (iv) Fore
and back bearing (8 m).
2021 • What are the advantages and disadvantages of Plane Table Surveying ? Describe Radiation,
Intersection, Traversing and Resection methods of plane table surveying (15 m).
• Describe structure of Suspension Bridge and Cantilever bridge (10 m).

• Construction and maintenance of forest roads can be considered as an essential investment

of forest growth. Comment (8 m).
• What are the factors that cause foundation failure during construction of a forest building ?
(10 m).
2020
• What are the basic details of an engineering design of a timber bridge ? What steps should be
taken to ensure its durability ? (15 m).
• What are the objectives of forest surveying ? How does topographic survey aid in forest
planning and management ? (15 m).

• Define bridge and explain different types of bridge with sketches (8 m).
• Give a list of Survey methods adopted in Forest. Describe the survey of forest when a river
2019
comes in the way of Survey line (15 m).
• Explain concrete and write the characteristics of good concrete mixture (10 m).

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• What is brick ? Describe different types of bricks giving their characteristics (10 m).

• What is the importance of surveying in forestry ? Discuss different methods of surveying to

solve the forestry field problems (8m).
2018
• Give the classification of forest roads. What features are required for a reconnaissance for
forest roads? (8m).

• Describe the dead and live loads and how they are calculated on the roof trusses over
2017
buildings? (10 m).

• Enumerate the methods of direct linear measurements. Discuss in brief the application of
prismatic compass in forest survey (10 m).
2016
• Distinguish the irish bridge, Simple wooden bridge and suspension bridge with details and
neat sketches (15 m).

• Topographic surveys are found useful in forest management. Discuss (8 m).

• Which are the basic factors you have to look for before running out a survey lines in chain
survey ? (8 m).
2015 • How will you fined the reduced levels of the given points by height of collimation methods
and rise and fall method and then check arithmetically ? (15 m).
• In a forest survey, you are provided a prismatic compass. How will you accomplish the
bearings of line AB ? (10 m).

2014 • How is Compass survey done ? what are the advantages of compass surveying ? (15 m).

• Define the arches used in construction. What are the different characteristics required in an
arch ? (10 m).
• Describe all the 5 kinds of chains used in survey and advantages and disadvantages of chain
surveys (8 m).
2013 • Write down the chemical constituents of earth (chemical formula and percentage range of
contents) for manufacture of good quality of bricks (7 m).
• Find out the maximum and minimum pressures of a wall which is 60 ft long and 4.5 ft wide at
the base of its footing, carrying loads at the following distances from the left hand side : 20
tons at 10 ft, 30 tons at 25 ft, 40 tons at 28 ft, 48 tons at 50 ft and 12 tons at 55 ft (15 m).

• Describe the structure of Dumpy level through a well labelled diagram (10 m).
2012 • Discuss the ''Two-Point Problem" - the special case of resection in Plain Table Survey (12 m).
• Describe the limitations and advantages of Plane Table Survey (8 m).

• Describe how you would continue the line with the chain only, When (20 m)
(i) A large river interrupts the chain line, and
2011
(ii) A forest area comes across the chain line
• Explain the term (10 m)

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(i) Whole circle bearing, and
(ii) Quadrantal bearinng
• Describe, with sketches of Suspension Bridge (10 m).

• Describe methods of using prismatic compass in forest surveys ( 5m).

2010
• Distinguish between Irish bridge, Suspension bridge and Cantilever bridge (8m).

• Write the simple design and construction of timber bridge across river in the forest (10 m).
2009 • What are the major principles of designing roads in remote forest areas ? Provide diagrams
wherever necessary (20 m).

• Write the Practical uses of chain and compass survey in forestry (10 m).
2008
• Describe the proper orientation for ideal forest buildings (20 m).

Source of Reference

1. Surveying and Levelling by N N Basak, McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
2. Forest Surveying by Ram Prakash, International Book Distributors, Dehradun
3. Textbook of Forest Engineering by A G Koppad, ICAR, New Delhi
4. Building construction by B.C. Punmia, et. Al., Laxmi Publication, New Delhi
5. Building construction material and techniques by P. Purushothama Raj, Pearson publication.

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PAPER 2
SECTION
FOREST ECOLOGY,
B DENDROLOGY & ETHNOBOTANY

FOREST ECOLOGY : Biotic and abiotic components, forest eco-systems; forest community concepts;
vegetation concepts, ecological succession and climax, primary productivity, nutrient cycling and water
relations. Physiology In Stress Environments (drought, water logging salinity and alkalinity). Forest Types
in India, identification of species, composition and associations. Conservation of forest ecosystems. Clonal
parks.
DENDROLOGY : Taxonomic classification, principles and establishment of herbaria and arboreta

ETHNOBOTANY : Role of Ethnobotany in Indian Systems of Medicine; Ayurveda and Unani. Introduction,
nomenclature, habitat, distribution and botanical features of medicinal and aromatic plants. Factors
affecting action and toxicity of drug plants and their chemical constituents.

MARKS DISTRIBUTION

Year Average 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012

Forest Ecology ≈ 21 15 25 18 16 × 20 35 28 × 54

Dendrology ≈2 15 × × × 8 × × × × ×

Ethnobotany ≈9 25 × × 25 8 10 8 × 12.5 ×

Total ≈ 30 55 25 18 41 16 30 43 28 12.5 54

FOREST ECOLOGY

• What are holotype, neotype, lectotype and syntype of plant science ? Describe the role of
2021
arboreta and clonal parks in conservation of biodiversity (15)

• Why is carbon cycle important? How do human activities affect carbon cycle ? (10 m).
2020 • What are the structural and functional changes that occur in a forest ecosystem during
succession? (15m)

• What are ecological pyramids? Explain different types. Mention the implications of concepts
of ecological pyramids in understanding forest ecosystem (10 m ).
2019 • Describe various physiological mechanisms underlying drought resistance, drought tolerance
and drought avoidance in forest species [ 15 m | Linked Q ].
• Describe the features and importance of clonal parks in forest conservation (8 m).

16 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

 Forestry

• What is carbon sink ? How do forest soils act as important carbon sinks? (8 m).
• Forest ecology is the study of complex interactions between organic and inorganic
2018
components of the forest ecosystem. Explain organic and inorganic components providing
two examples of each as they relate to the forest ecosystem (8 m).

• Garg (1988) described the ecological pyramid as a graphical representation of relationship

between the trophic levels of an ecosystem. Explain with the help of neat diagrams (10 m).
2016
• Define ecological amplitude. Describe the classification and characters of plant communities
(10 m).

• Why is carbon recycling important ? What are its influences on climate ? Discuss your points
for or against (10 m).
• Growth and productivity of forest plants are affected by different types of air pollutants. What
2015
are those ? Suggest suitable remedies (10 m).
• Narrate how sustainable forestry accounts for the ecological, economic, social and cultural
values of forests. Give your opinion (15).

• Which are the six major attributes of an ecosystem-explain in detail (8 m).

2014 • Why is a balance between production, social and environmental objectives necessary in
sustainable forest management plans ? (20 m).

2013 • Describe the qualitative characteristics of plant community.

• Describe Raunkier’s life forms (8 m)

• Discuss “ecological amplitude” and the law of tolerance” in the context in which they are
generally used (6m).
• Discuss the phytosociological analysis describing formulae for calculation of – (15 m)
(i) Frequency and relative frequency,
(ii) Density and relative density
(iii) Abundance
(iv) Relative dominance, and
2012
(v) Importance value index (IVI)
• Explain with the help of suitable examples the various kinds of population interaction during
their growth period and give difference between commensalism and amensalism of plant
relationship (10 m).
• Write short notes on –
(1) Source-sink relationship with respect to carbon cycle (5 m).
(2) Energy flow model in ecosystem (5 m).
(3) Ex-situ and in-situ conservation (5 m).

2011 • What are the effects of particulate air pollutants on the regeneration of a forest ecosystem ?

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 IFoS | 2022

Discuss (10 m)

DENDROLOGY

• What are holotype, neotype, lectotype and syntype of plant science ? Describe the role of
2021
arboreta and clonal parks in conservation of biodiversity (15)

• Define herbarium and write its significance. What are the steps in establishing herbarium and
2017
which method of plant classification is followed in herbarium arrangement ? (8 m).

2010 • List merits of Bentham and hooker system of plant classification used in dendrology (5 m)

ETHNOBOTANY

• Discuss the role of tree domestication in biodiversity conservation (10 m)

2021
• Write the scientific name of 10 medicinal plants and their uses (15 m)

2020 • NO

2019 • NO

• Define ethnobotany. Write in detail about the role of ethnobotany in modern medicine
and its approaches to the drug industry (15 m).
2018
• Enlist the common and scientific names of trees and shrubs (seven each) having
medicinal importance in ethnobotany (10 m).

• What is ethnobotany and describe the role of ethnobotany in the Indian systems of
2017
medicine (8 m).

• The knowledge of ethnobotany helps to identify viable medicinal plants for

2016
pharmaceutical industries. Explain (10m).

• Give the scientific names of at least five drug yielding plants with their use in
2015
pharmaceutical industry (8 m).

2014 • No

• Write short notes on the following medicinal plants : (4 × 2.5)

(i) Aconitum heterophyllum
2013 (ii) Orchis latifolia
(iii) Podophyllum emodii
(iv) Morchella esculanta

18 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

 Forestry

• Write critical notes on - Siddha system of medicines (2.5 m).

2012 • NO

2011 • NO

2010 • NO

• Classify medicinal plants on the basis of plant parts used and explain general rules of
2009
sustainable collection of medicinal plants, with suitable examples (20 Marks).

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 IFoS | 2022
PAPER 2
SECTION FOREST PROTECTION
B

FOREST PROTECTION & WILDLIFE BIOLOGY : Injuries to forest – abiotic and biotic, destructive agencies, insect-
pests and disease, effects of air pollution on forests and forest die back. Susceptibility of forests to damage,
nature of damage, cause, prevention, protective measures and benefits due to chemical and biological control.
General forest protection against fire, equipment and methods, controlled use of fire, economic and
environmental costs; timber salvage operations after natural disasters. Role of afforestation and forest
regeneration in absorption of CO2. Rotational and controlled grazing, different methods of control against
grazing and browsing animals; effect of wild animals on forest regeneration, human impacts; encroachment,
poaching, grazing, live fencing, theft, shifting cultivation and control.

• What is controlled burning? How does it help in improving forest regeneration? (10 m)
2021
• Unscientific harvesting of NTFPs has led to depletion of NTFP resources. Discuss (8m)

• What is the need to protect the forests ? Enumerate the major threats responsible for forest
injuries. Suggest suitable preventive and protective measures to safeguard the forest wealth
(15m).
2020
• What is the significance of afforestation and reforestation to the ecosystem ? How are the
National Afforestation programmme, Green india Mission and Forest Fire Prevention and
Management Scheme helping in restoration of forests ? (15m) [Linked Q]

• Describe how controlled fire can be used as a tool in forest management (8 m).
• What is controlled grazing ? Describe how it helps in the better management of forest pasture
land (10 m).
2019
• Describe the causes of deforestation. What are the measures to be taken for the control of
deforestation ? (10 m).
• What do you mean by deforestation ? Explain the major causes of deforestation (P1/8 m).

• What are the causes of forest fire? What measures are taken to protect forests
2018
against damage by fire? (P1/10 m).

• Discuss briefly the impacts of humans on forest health. Explain different measures to check
forest encroachment (15 m).
• Describe types of forest fires, their ill-effects and preventive measures. Briefly discuss the role
2017
of forest fire on forest ecosystems (15 m).
• What are the major grazing systems and grazing regions in India? Describe briefly, methods to
prevent pressure from grazing in forests (8 m).

20 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

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• Forest fire still remains a major threat to forest ecosystems across the globe. How do you
address this issue? (10 M).
2016
• Describe the benefits and limitations of chemical and biological control of diseases in forest
nurseries and plantations (10 M).

• There are measures which are taken to protect the forests from fire damage. Which are those
and how effective have they been ? (8 m).
2015
• Does rotational grazing have an advantage over controlled grazing in the smooth management
of forest ecosystems ? Give your reasons for and against, both (10 m).

2014 • Do you think that the controlled fire is beneficial to forest vegetation ? Discuss ( 10m).

• Discuss different methods of disease control in forest nursery with examples (8m)
2013
• Describe the anthropogenic causes of forest destruction. How can these be checked ? (10 m).

• Briefly discuss – Lopping management (4 m)

• Comment on the view that after deforestation forest fires are most important cause of forest
destruction. Also give different types of forest fires and their causes, and preventive measures
for forest fires (8m).
• Describe the extent, method of cultivation and effects of shifting cultivation. Suggest some
suitable alternatives to shifting cultivation ( 5 m).
• What are the main reasons for decline of the forest cover in our country ? (5m)
2012
• Distinction between Potential and Deferred Grazing (5m).
• What are the causes of forest fire ? Discuss in brief the damage caused to forest by fire along
with its control (5m).
• Describe the prevention and control of termite damages in timber (5 m).
• State what are the plant parasitic nematodes associated with nursery forest plant species (5 m).
• Describe various types of grasslands mentioning the associations of grasses and their
environmental locations in the different regions of India [as described by Whyte (1957)].

• Write short notes on – Forest decline (2.5 m)

• How severe is the damage of Ganoderma in lndian Forests ? Discuss with some case history (10
2011 m).
• How grazing is managed for the browsing animals ? Discuss various management options for
sustainable grazing in forest (10 m).

• What are fire-prone areas ? How are these detected ? What precautionary measures need to
be taken to overcome this problem ? (8m).
• How is damage due to teak defoliator and stem borer managed in the plantations ? (10m).
2010 • Write causal pathogens of important diseases of poplar and Gmelina arborea. Write integrated
management of any one disease in each species (10 m).
• Write short notes on – Lopping management (5 m)
• What are live fences ? Name 5 plant species most commonly used as live fences. How do these

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 IFoS | 2022

differ from the other types of fences ( 10m).

• What is the role of rotational and controlled grazing to overcome damage due to grazing
animals ? (10 m)
2009 • How is the forest damage report framed in encroachment cases having nearby human
settlements ( 10m)
• Write short notes on – Damage caused by Forest fire (5 m).

• What is controlled burning ? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of burning in pine forest
( 10m).
2008
• Describe major diseases and their control in forest nursery plantation. Explain necessity of bio-
control by giving suitable example (20m).

22 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

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PAPER 2
SECTION

B FOREST UTILIZATION

FOREST RESOURCES AND UTILIZATION : Environmentally sound forest harvesting practices; logging and
extraction techniques and principles, transportation systems, storage and sale. Anatomical structure of wood,
defects and abnormalities of wood, timber identification general principles.

Need and importance of wood seasoning and preservation; general principles of seasoning, air and kiln
seasoning, solar dehumidification, steam heated and electrical kilns. Composite wood - adhesives-
manufacture, properties, uses, plywood manufacture-properties, uses, fibre boards-manufacture properties,
uses; particle boards manufacture; properties, uses. Present status of composite wood industry in India and
future expansion plans.
Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) - definition and scope; gums, resins, oleoresins, fibres, oil seeds nuts,
rubber, canes, bamboos, medicinal plants, charcoal, lac and shellac, Katha and Bidi leaves, collection;
processing and disposal.

Pulp paper and rayon; present position of supply of raw material to industry, wood substitution, utilization of
plantation wood; problems and possibilities.

• Write the general principles of wood seasoning. How is electrical kiln seasoning advantageous
over air seasoning? (15m)
2021
• What are gums, Resins, Oleoresings and gum resings? Classify and give at least two examples
under each group (15 m).

• What are the recommended practices for strategic harvest planning? (8m).
• What are the rules laid down for efficient felling? Classify the timbers based on industrial use
2020 (8m).
• Describe the process of wood formation. Write in details about the physical, chemical and
mechanical properties of wood (15 m).

• What is Reduce impact logging (RIL) ? What is its composition? Explain the benefits of RIL (8
m).
• Define Non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Explain their importance to human societies and
2019 economy (8m).
• Define wood. Explain the microscopic/Anatomical features which aid in identification of
timber species in details (15 m).
• What are particle boards ? Explain the features of different types of particle boards (15 m).

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 IFoS | 2022

• What are particle boards ? Explain the features of different types of particle boards (15 m).
2019
• List different system and methods of sale of forest produces. What are the different methods
of sales adopted in state forest department ? (15 m)

• What are the industrial uses of gums and resins ? Discuss the factors affecting the production
and supply of gums and resins (8 m).
• Write down four advantages of timber seasoning and suggest which one is commercially
suitable over other methods, with suitable examples (8 m).
2018
• List out different types of preservatives used for protection of timber against fungi and insects
and classify them based on solvent used (15 m).
• What are the key elements of the wood industry and paper industry strategies ? Explain (15 ).
• Describe the defects that appear during seasoning in timbers (10 m).

• Briefly write about the natural defects observed in wood (8 m).

• What is wood seasoning? Write in detail the aims of wood seasoning and explain salient steps
in manufacturing of plywood (15 m).
2017 • What is logging? What are the objects of felling? Briefly write the general rules of felling and
basic cuts of tree felling (15 m).
• What are the differences between gums and resins? How are gums and resins classified ?
Enlist different methods of tapping resins (10 m).

• Dry deciduous forests are rich in Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). Justify the statement
with examples (10 m)
• Give an account of mechanical properties of wood and suggest the standard tests for the
same (10 m).
• Bamboos become the major raw material for many cottages as well as corporate industries.
Explain (10m).
2016 • What are the general principles and advantages of wood seasoning? Describe the solar kiln
seasoning with neat sketches (10 m).
• Write critical notes on the following (10 m).
(a) Gums (b) Oilseeds (c) Katha (d) Bidi leaves
• Give an account of composite wood products and their utilities (10 m).
• Explain the recent developments in mechanization of logging operations and their impact on
the efficiency and wastage (10 m).

• There are various processes involved in the expression and extraction of oilseeds available in
forests. Elaborate on the processes involved and their utilization (8m).
• Timber encounters many different problems during the process of drying. What are those
2015
problems and how are they overcome? (8m).
• Indian forests are found to be rich in different kinds of non-timber forest products (NTFPs).
Can you list at least 10 NTFPs ? (10 m).

24 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

 Forestry
• What are the major fibres and flosses which are obtained from forests in India? Citing at least
ten species, discuss their commercial importance (10 m).

• Write in detail the processing and uses of Tannins in India (8m).

• Explain the term logging, its purposes and stages (8m).
2014
• What is wood preservation? Why is preservation of wood necessary ? Mention main types of
wood preservation methods (15 m).

• What are advantages of wood seasoning? Describe the various methods of wood seasoning
and mention classification of timbers for seasoning (15 m).
2013
• Write critical notes on – importance of Butea monosperma (2.5 m).
• Give the classification of timbers based on air dry weight with suitable examples (7m).

• Explain properties of good Wood Preservatives and classify the various Wood Preservatives
with the help of a flowchart (12 m).
• Describe the Boucherie process of Wood preservation with its advantages (6 m).
2012
• Briefly comment on the extent of wastage (in approximate percentage of total timber
content) from harvesting to marketing stages and give the reasons for such wastages (5 m).
• What are the set of tools used in rill method ? Briefly highlight their features (10 m)

• List 10 bamboo species of commerce in India with their scientific name & state of origin (10 m)
• Write Common and scientific names of 10 tree species yielding resins and Oleo-resigns (10 m).
• What are the wood composites? How they are prepared? What are the common gluing
2011
agents used in wood composites ? (20 m)
• Discuss the various common defects encountered after harvesting of the wood during
stacking (10 m).

• What are the keys to identify timbers construction purpose ?

• Name five important tree species used for axle and wheels of different carts. In which regions
of country is this sort of transportation more prevalent? State the reasons (8 m).
2010 • Name five aromatic grasses with their uses and methods of extraction (10 m)
• There is no replacement for rattans in forest-based industry” Justify this statement and list
five important species reported from different parts of the country (10 m).
• What are the different types of water soluble wood preservatives ? (10 m).

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 IFoS | 2022
PAPER 2
SECTION

B FOREST LEGISLATION

FOREST POLICY : History of forest development; Indian Forest Policy of 1894, 1952 and 1988. National
Forest Policy 1988 of People’s involvement, Joint Forest Management, Involvement of women; Forestry
policies and issues related to land use, timber and non-timber products, sustainable forest management;
industrialisation policies; institutional and structural changes. Decentralization and Forestry Public
Administration. FOREST LAWS : necessity, general principles, Indian Forest Act 1927; Forest Conservation
Act, 1980; Wildlife Protection Act 1972 and their amendments; Application of Indian Penal Code to
Forestry.

• Write the provisions of sections 35, 37 and 38 under the Indian Forest Act, 1927, applied to
control over forests and land not being the property of the government (15 m).

2021 • Describe the provisions of sections (3 – 27) of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 applied to declare
any forest land or wasteland as a Reserve Forest over which the government has proprietary
rights (15 m).

• What are the direct roles of the biodiversity act, 2002 in conservation of wildlife? (8m)
• Write in details about the historical background of forest policies in India and their aims.
2020 Describe in brief about the organization of forest sector in India (15 m).
• How has the National Forest Policy of 1988 changed the national scenario? Describe in brief.
Highlight some major achievements in relation to the above policy (10m).

• Write in detail regarding the appointment of authorities and restrictions of hunting of wild
2019
animals under the wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 (Marks 15).

• What are the main differences between forest policy and forest laws? Give salient points of
2018
the National Forest Policy of 1952 and 1988 (15 m).

• Narrate the background and objectives of implementation of national forest policies of India
2017
(8 m).

• Compare and contrast the Indian Forest Act, 1927 and the Forest Conservation Act, 1980 (10
m).
2016
• How are “Environment”, Environmental pollutant” and “Hazarous substance” narrated in
environment (protection) act, 1986? (10 m).

26 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

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• Give a comparative and appropriate statement on the Natural Forest Policy of 1988 with that
of 1952 (15 m).
• Describe the role of Permanent Forest Policy after its enactment for the regulation of forestry
management in India (10).
2015
• Enumerate and discuss the factors responsible for restricting tribal population in the National
Parks (10 m).
• Discuss the important role of The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 in forest management. Give
salient points only (10 m).

• Describe the salient features of National Forest Policy 1988. How does it differ from the 1952
2014
Forest Policy? (10 m).

• What are the factors responsible affecting forest policy ? Discuss (8 m).
• Mention the salient features of National Forest Policy, 1988, and discuss its advantages over
2013
N.F.P. 1894 (10 m).
• Describe the salient features mentioned in the new Draft Forest Bill, 1994 (10 m).

• Bring out the background and need for Forest Policy of 1988 with its basic objectives (15 m).

2012 • Attempt the following, keeping your answers brief and to the point : (a) Describe Section (2)
of Forest Conservation Act of 1980 (8 m).

• Write the composition of National board of wildlife. Explain the provisions of the Sections of
2011
wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, Used to declare an area as ‘Sanctuary’ (20 m).

• What are the functions of Indian board for wildlife with regard to conservation of wildlife ? (
2010
10 m).

2009 • Explain the application of the Indian penal code in forestry (10m).

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 IFoS | 2022
PAPER 2
SECTION

B
FOREST ECONOMICS

FOREST ECONOMICS : Fundamental principles, cost-benefit analyses; estimation of demand and supply;
analysis of trends in the national and international market and changes in production and consumption
patterns; assessment and projection of market structures; role of private sector and co-operatives; role of
corporate financing. Socio-economic analysis of forest productivity and attitudes; valuation of forest
goods and service.

• Mention different methods of valuation of intangible services from forest ecosystem and
2021
explain any one (8m)

• How does inflation influence forest goods? Briefly explain the types of inflation that directly
influence the price of forest goods (8m).
• Discuss the role of forest resources in the Indian economy. Suggest suitable storage
2020
methods for wood or other forest produce and their management strategies (10m).
• What do you understand by forest valuation ? Discuss in brief. Describe various valuation
techniques for forests (10 m).

• Discuss various channels for marketing of forest products (8m).

2019 • What is forest valuation ? Write its objective and briefly explain the methods of forest
valuation (15 m).

• Explain the discounting measures in forest business management with different formulae
used in forest economics (15 m).
2017
• Discuss in detail the roles and interventions of Government and Private agencies in
marketing of forest produce (15 m).

• Explain the concept of demand with the help of demand curve and its application in forest
trade (10 M).
2016
• Describe the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) towards sustainable forest
production through Public-Private Partnership (PPP) approach (10 M).

• Give the important features of demand and supply curves. What are the factors responsible
2013
for demand and supply of forest produce ? (7 m).

• Why is it necessary to take up cost benefit analysis of forest plantation ? Describe the main
2009 point to be taken into consideration while conducting cost : benefit analysis of short
rotation commercial species and traditional timber species ( 20m).

28 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

 Forestry

• What are the bottlenecks in the marketing of medicinal plants ? Why is the cultivation of
medicinal plants not aggressively adopted by the farmers ? Suggest the measures to tackle
2008
the teething problems (20m).
• Write the processing and sale procedure of katha and beedi leaves (10m)

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 IFoS | 2022
PAPER 1
SECTION

B
WILDLIFE BIOLOGY

WILDLIFE BIOLOGY : There is virtually no syllabus other than mentioning the subject title + Few things
linked with wildlife are scattered over the entire syllabus.

• Justify the statement “Wildlife animals are one of the biotic components of the forest
2021
ecosystem” How do they help in forest regeneration? (10 m)

• What is the significance of wildlife in today’s perspective? Discuss in brief about the
2020
components of wildlife ecology (8m).

2019 • NO

• What is the ecological and economical importance of biodiversity ? Mention the salient
measures for conservation of biodiversity (8 m).
2018
• How is enumeration of animal population in natural forests carried out in general ? Also
specify the method(s) adopted in the case of tigers (15 m).

2017 • NO

2016 • NO

• To protect the wild animals venturing out from their core areas, some administrative and
2015
management arrangements are made. What are those ? Discuss (8 m).

• Discuss in detail the importance, success and limitations of the 'Project Tiger' (8m).
2014
• Discuss the role of National Parks in conservation of biodiversity (10 m).

• What do you understand by wildlife census ? Write different methods of census in brief (10
2013
m).

• Describe the mathematical expression for Biotic Potential and Environmental resistance (6 m).
2012 • Describe the importance of pug marks and illustrate sex differentiation based on pug marks.
How do these help in Forest management system ? (10 m).

2011 • NO

2010 • List five each of the important resident and migratory birds noticed in Indian forests (8m).

30 © Hornbill classes 07223970423 [email protected]

 To all our successful candidates in

16 17
6

Malay Bhupendrabhai Mineshkumar Sureshkumar

Maniyar Jitendrabhai Patel Balabhai Desai

31 33 44

Saif Aiyaz Nidhi Pravinbhai Dharmendra

Nazirbhai Vohra Chauhan Bharatsinh Baria

Gujarat Forest Service (RFO) 2021

LAST 3 YEAR PERFORMANCE IN IF OS

50
Regular Batch Support Total Selections 39
40

30
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20 18
12 11
10 7
3 4
0
IFoS 2019 IFoS 2020 IFoS 2021
 To all our successful candidates in

UPSC Indian Forest Service (IFoS) 2021

6 9 10 11 30

Ayush Krishna Vinod Jakhar GURLEEN KAUR Apoorv Dixit Mohammed Abdul
Rawoof Shaik

32 35 42 52 57

Shinde Sandeep Chandra Kumar Anshul Tiwari VIKAS YADAV SUBBURAJ G

Karbhari Agrawal

70 74 80 104 107

Amit Kumar RAVI KANT Kaushal Kishore Ishita Bhatia RAHUL MISHRA

Selections in
21 Out
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